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INDIAN POLICE SERVICE

7.1 The Indian Police Service (IPS) is one of thethree All India Services constituted under Article 312of the Constitution of India. The IPS officers providesenior level leadership to Police Forces both in theStates and at the Centre. The all India character ofthe Service gives its members the unique advantageof handling special problems in the States withinthe overall perspective of national unity and integrity.The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the cadrecontrolling authority in respect of the IPS. It isresponsible for all policy decisions relating to theService, including recruitment, training, cadrestructure, allocation of cadre, confirmation in service,pay and allowances, posting on Central deputation,disciplinary matters, etc.

7.2 The Service is organised in 24 State cadres/Joint cadres. There is no separate cadre for theUnion Government. In every cadre a ‘CentralDeputation Reserve’ is built in to send the officerson deputation to serve under the UnionGovernment. The cadre structure is finalised bythe Government of India through a joint review

mechanism after every 5 years. In the year 2007,the strength and composition of the Karnatakacadre was finalised and necessary notification hasalso been issued.

7.3 Appointment to IPS is done in two ways,namely, direct recruitment through Combined CivilServices Examination conducted by the Union PublicService Commission (UPSC) every year and bypromotion of the State Police Service (SPS) officers.The promotion of SPS officers to IPS is done on thebasis of recommendations made by a SelectionCommittee constituted under the chairmanship ofChairman/Member, UPSC. The Government of India,in consultation with the concerned State Government,decides the total number of vacancies for directlyrecruited and promoted officers in a particular year.Directly recruited IPS officers are allocated to thedifferent State cadres/Joint cadres. The promotedofficers, however, serve in the same cadre.

7.4 The total authorised strength of the IndianPolice Service and the actual number of officers inposition as on January 1, 2008, is given in the tablebelow:

POLICE FORCES CHAPTER

VII

State/Cadre Total Authorised In positionstrength (Tentative) strength (Tentative)

Andhra Pradesh 209 192

AGMU 196 153

Assam-Meghalya 153 133

Bihar 193 159

Chhattisgarh 81 70

Gujarat 161 136

Haryana 117 115

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State/Cadre Total Authorised In positionstrength (Tentative) strength (Tentative)

Himachal Pradesh 75 63

Jammu & Kashmir 135 115Jharkhand 110 82Karnataka 172 139Kerala 139 121Madhya Pradesh 231 211Maharashtra 236 204Manipur-Tripura 121 101Nagaland 60 42Orissa 159 98Punjab 144 113Rajasthan 184 150Sikkim 32 32Tamil Nadu 236 182Uttarakhand 60 50Uttar Pradesh 404 343

West Bengal 278 228

Total 3886 3234

7.5 As on January 1, 2007, the total authorizedstrength of IPS officers was 3851 against which 3,274officers were in position, thereby creating a shortfallof 577. This shortfall is both in the promotion quotaand in the direct recruitment. The concerned Stateshave been requested to expedite the promotionprocess through UPSC. The intake through the directrecruitment has also been increased.

7.6 Directly recruited officers undergo 15 weeksFoundational Course training at the Lal BahadurShastri National Academy of Administration,Mussorie. Thereafter, they undergo 44 weeksbasic/professional training at Sardar VallabhbhaiPatel National Police Academy (SVPNPA),Hyderabad followed by 34 weeks Practical Trainingin States allotted to them. The SPS officers ontheir promotion to IPS also undergo inductiontraining of six weeks at SVP NPA, Hyderabad.Selected IPS officers are also given specialisedtraining in different fields related to policing ininstitutions in India and abroad.

7.7 Periodic compulsory training for the IPSofficers is also being introduced with a linkage tothe promotion and the functional requirements ofthe prospective assignments of the officers. Thesemandatory trainings will now be in five phases ascompared to the two-phase compulsory traininggiven to the officers earlier within the first two yearsof their service. The next three phases of trainingwill be given to the officers during the period 7 to 9years, 14 to 16 years and 24 to 26 years of theService.

SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATELNATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY (SVPNPA), HYDERABAD

7.8 SVP NPA, which was established in 1948 atMount Abu and shifted to Hyderabad in 1975, is apremier police training institution in the country andnow functions as a ‘Centre of Excellence’.

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7.9 An Advisory Board, headed by the UnionHome Secretary and comprising of senior officersof MHA, senior police officers and eminent personsfrom other professions as its members, periodicallyreviews the nature of courses, syllabi and trainingmethodologies at the Academy taking into accountthe present day needs. It also advises the Academyon various measures for improving standards.

7.10 The Academy conducts both basic and in-service courses for the IPS officers at various levels.It is about to start Mid Career Training Programmefor IPS Officers. Besides, it conducts inductiontraining for the SPS officers on their induction toIPS. The Academy runs special courses to trainthe trainers/instructors of police training institutionsof the States as well as Central Police Forces, layinggreat emphasis on values of discipline, integrity,character, professional ethics and service. It hasintroduced new modules on subjects like computers,insurgency, anti-terrorism, disaster management,field craft and tactics, simulation exerciseinvestigation, community policing, etc. which arerelevant to present day scenario. The Academyconducts courses for officers of Indian AdministrativeService (IAS), Indian Revenue Service (IRS), IndianAudit and Accounts Service (IA&AS), Indian ForestService (IFS) and also the officers of the Judicial

Probation and Prison Departments, Public SectorUndertakings (PSUs), Banks and InsuranceCompanies, etc. Short duration specialised thematiccourses, seminars and workshops on professionalsubjects, especially related to policing, have provedto be quite useful.

7.11 The Academy started the Diamond Jubileeyear celebrations in the current year with animpressive ceremonial parade on September 15,2007 and organised a conference of heads of PoliceTraining Institutes of South Asian Association forRegional Cooperation (SAARC) Countries.

NORTH EASTERN POLICE ACADEMY,UMSAW, SHILLONG

7.12 The North Eastern Police Academy (NEPA)was first established as Regional Police TrainingCollege in 1977 at Barapani near Shillong, to caterto the Police Training requirements of the North-Eastern States. After creation of the Department ofDevelopment of North Eastern Region (DoNER),NEPA was placed under that Department. With effectfrom April 1, 2007 NEPA has been transferredto MHA.

7.13 With a strength of 205 personnel, NEPAconducts both induction and in-service courses for

the Police personnel of NE Statesat the various levels. It alsoconducts workshops/seminars ontopics, which have particularrelevance to the policing in theregion.

7.14 Consequent upon thetransfer of NEPA to this Ministry, ithas been decided to upgrade it toa state-of-the-art institution,catering to the training needs, andworking as a repository ofinformation related to the North-

Union Home Minister inspecting the Passing Out Parade of the 2006batch of the Indian Police Service.

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Eastern States. An outlay of Rs.50 crore under the11th Plan has been provided for the upgradation andstrengthening of NEPA.

CENTRAL POLICE FORCES (CPFs)

7.15 There are seven CPFs under the Ministry ofHome Affairs, namely Assam Rifles (AR), BorderSecurity Force (BSF), Central Industrial SecurityForce (CISF), Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF),Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), National SecurityGuard (NSG) and Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB). AR,BSF, ITBP and SSB are the border guarding forceswhile CRPF assists the States in matters related tolaw and order and is trained and equipped to internalsecurity management. The Rapid Action Force (RAF),a specialised wing of CRPF, deals primarily with riotsituations. CISF provides security and protection tovital installations, PSUs, airports, industrialundertakings, museums, Government buildings andVIPs. NSG is a specialised force for counter-terrorismand anti-hijacking operations and is also entrustedwith the task of securing high risk VIPs.

ASSAM RIFLES (AR)

7.16 Known as ‘Friends of the Hill People’,Assam Rifles, raised initially as ‘Cachar Levy’ in1835, is the oldest Police Force in the country withheadquarters at Shillong. It has 2 InspectorateGeneral Headquarters, 9 Sector Headquarters, 46

Battalions (Bns.), 1 Training Centre and School, 3Maintenance Groups, 3 Workshops, 1 Constructionand Maintenance Unit and a few Ancillary Units. TheForce has dual role of maintaining internal securityin some of the States in the North East and guardingthe Indo-Myanmar Border. The Force works underthe operational control of the Army. The Force alsoparticipated in operations in Jammu and Kashmirand Sri Lanka in conjunction with the Army.

7.17 In a bid to modernise and enhance itsoperational efficiency, sophisticated arms like 5.56mm INSAS Light Machine Guns, Automatic GrenadeLaunchers (AGLs) and modern communicationequipments are being provided to the Force.

The President with students on a National Integration Tourfrom Imphal to Delhi and Agra under Aeigis of 32 Assam Rifles

Director General, Assam Rifles with Captured Weapons

BORDER SECURITY FORCE (BSF)

7.18 BSF was raised in 1965, with a strengthof 25 Bns. and 3 Companies (coys.) to do awaywith the multiplicity of State Forces guarding theIndian borders with the neighbouring countries.Over the years, the Force has grown in size andas on date, it has 157 Bns. with 7 coys. each, 5major training institutions, 9 subsidiary trainingcentres, 4 minor training institutions, 2 basictraining centres and 1 recruit training centre. TheForce headquarter is in Delhi. Its field formationsinclude 2 Additional Directorates General (ADG),i.e. ADG (East) and ADG (West), 10 Frontiers and39 Sector headquarters, Water Wing and Air Wing.Its operational responsibility is spread over 6,385

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Union Home Minister Inspecting the Anniversary Parade of CRPF on October 29, 2007

km. of international border with Pakistan andBangladesh. BSF is also deployed on Line ofControl (LOC) in J&K under operational control ofthe Army. In addition, it is deployed on internalsecurity duties in some areas of the North East.

CENTRAL INDUSTRIAL SECURITYFORCE (CISF)

7.19 Raised in the year 1969, CISF is providingsecurity cover to 272 PSUs including 54 domesticand international airports and fire protection coverto 77 establishments. Some of the importantinstallations are space and atomic energyestablishments, ports, airports, coal mines, steelplants, thermal and hydel power plants, oil andpetrochemicals installations, heavy industries,defence establishments, security presses, nationalmuseum, samadhi complex and historicalmonuments including Taj Mahal and Red Fort.

7.20 The specialised task of airport security wasassigned to CISF in the wake of hijacking of IndianAirlines plane to Kandhar. The Force has taken overthe security of all major airports in the country, whichinclude international airports of Mumbai, Delhi,Chennai and Kolkata. Besides, it has taken over

security of 49 Government buildings, including NorthBlock, part of South Block and CGO Complex atDelhi. CISF was inducted in 2007 for providingsecurity to the Delhi Metro. CISF provides technicalconsultancy services relating to security and fireprotection to industries in Public and Private sectors.

CENTRAL RESERVE POLICE FORCE(CRPF)

7.21 Initially raised as the CrownRepresentative Police on July 27, 1939 at Neemuch,Madhya Pradesh, the Force was rechristened asCentral Reserve Police Force (CRPF) afterIndependence. Since then, the Force has achievedremarkable growth in strength and capabilities. With201 Bns. (183 Executive Bns. including 2 MahilaBns.) 2 Disaster Management Bns., 10 RAF Bns.,5 Signal Bns. and 1 Special Duty Group), 37 GroupCentres, 13 Training Institutions, 4 No. 100 beddedHospitals, 17 No. 50 bedded Composite Hospital, 7Arms Workshops and 2 Central Weapon Stores, ithas become the largest Central Para Military Force(CPMF). The Force is presently handling a widerange of duties covering law and order, counterinsurgency, anti-militancy and anti-terrorismoperations. The Force plays a key role in assisting

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States in maintaining public order and counteringsubversive activities of militant groups. The Forcehas ladies contingents organised in two MahilaBattalions. To counter the threat from the militantswho increasingly adopt guerilla tactics, it has beendecided to raise additional specially trainedbattalions in the CRPF.

7.22 The CRPF personnel are on continuousvigil in various sensitive areas. They are alsoperforming guarding duties at some of the vitalinstallations and buildings including the shrines ofMata Vaishno Devi, Raghunath Temple in Jammu,Ram Janam Bhoomi/Babri Masjid in Ayodhya, KashiVishwanath Temple/Gyanvapi Mosque in Varanasi,Krishna Janam Bhoomi/Shahi Idgah Masjid inMathura and the Parliament House. The force playsimportant role in the arrangement for the annualAmarnath Yatra in Jammu and Kashmir.

strike force in communal riots or similar situations.These Bns. are located at 10 communally sensitivelocations across the country to facilitate quickresponse in case of such incidents.

INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICEFORCE (ITBP)

7.25 ITBP was raised with 4 Service Bns. in thewake of India China conflict in 1962. At present, ithas a sanctioned strength of 45 battalian which areassisted by 4 Specialised Bns. and 03 TrainingCentres. It is deployed from the north-westernextremity of the Indo-China Border up to the tri-junction of India, China and Myanmar covering 3,488km. of mountainous terrains. The deployment of ITBPinvolves Border Out Posts (BOPs) in the mostinhospitable terrain. Nearly two thirds of the BOPsare not connected by road and many of them are air-maintained. ITBP has 4 Zones headed by IGs, 13Sector Headquarters headed by DIGs besides 3training centres including Mountaineering and SkiingInstitute at Auli.

7.26 In view of continuous deployment of ITBPpersonnel in high altitude areas, the Governmentof India has recently sanctioned 02 Zones, 06 SectorHQrs and 20 new Bns. in three financial years from2006-07, 2007-08 and 2008-09 for rotation of troopsfrom high altitude to plain areas etc. Out of 02 Zones,06 Sector HQrs and 20 new Bns., temporarylocations of 02 Zones, 04 Sectors and 13 Bns. havebeen identified and recruitment process to fill up theposts is going on. 07 battalians will be raised in2008-09

Union Home Minister, Minister of State for Home and HomeSecretary with officers of CRPF on Valour Day 2007

7.23 Under a well planned computerisationpolicy for automation of the functionalities of theForce, CRPF has established an Intranet named“SELO” connecting 84 offices, including 5 TrainingLaboratories, situated at 51 physical locationsacross the country.

RAPID ACTION FORCE (RAF)

7.24 In 1992, 10 Bns. of CRPF werereorganised and converted into 10 Bns. of 4 Coys.each of Rapid Action Force (RAF). The personnelin RAF are trained and equipped to be an effective

Parade of Mahila Battalian

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Union Home Minister Paying tribute at NSG Martyr’sMemorial

Foreign delegates moderating a discussion in 7th NBDCInternational Seminar held at Manesar

7.27 ITBP plays an important role in organisingthe annual Kailash Manasarovar Yatra besidesproviding assistance in Disaster Management speciallyin the central and western Himalayan regions.

NATIONAL SECURITY GUARD (NSG)

7.28 NSG was set up in 1984. It is a task-oriented Force and has two complementaryelements in the form of the Special Action Group(SAG) comprising Army personnel and the SpecialRangers Group (SRG), comprising personnel drawnfrom the Central/State Police Forces. NSGpersonnel are trained to take high risk in counterhijacking and counter terrorist operations. The NSGCommandos are also assigned the task of providingsecurity to VIPs.

Modernisation Plan during the year 2007-08 at the costof Rs.32.18 crore (approximate) is under execution.

7.31 The Force continues to refine its drills andpreparedness in view of the emerging threat tosensitive installations like the nuclear powerinstallations and important public utility services suchas the Delhi and Kolkata Metro Systems.

7.32 NSG maintains the National Bomb DataCentre (NBDC) at Manesar which is one of the sixsuch Centres in the world. This Centre conductsPost-Blast Studies in various parts of the country,mostly on the request from the State authorities. Itmaintains a data bank on explosives and incidentsof explosions, for use by the Defence and PoliceForces. The Centre regularly interacts with otherBomb Data Centres of the world. The NBDCorganises international seminar every year andpublishes a professional journal “Bombshell” onexplosion-related subjects.

7.29 NSG has conducted a number of importantoperations in the past including the operation atAkshardham Temple, Ahmedabad. NSG teams arealso deployed on important occasions like RepublicDay, Parliament Sessions, etc. NSG personnel haverendered assistance on several occasions in bombdisposal which saved many innocent lives. TheNSG personnel perform duties as Sky Marshals aswell. 48 Women/Mahila personnel have beeninducted in NSG as commandos/medical staff, etc.

7.30 Procurement of various items under the

SASHASTRA SEEMA BAL (SSB)

7.33 SSB was set up in early 1963 as the SpecialServices Bureau in the wake of India-China conflictof 1962 to build morale and inculcate the spirit ofresistance in the border population against threatsof subversion, infiltration and sabotage from acrossthe border. It became a border guarding force in2001 under the Ministry of Home Affairs and was

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rechristened Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) with anamended charter. It has been given the borderguarding responsibilities along the Indo-Nepal andIndo-Bhutan Borders.

7.34 SSB is now functioning in 7 border Statescovering a stretch of 1,751 km. of International

worth Rs.31.03 lakh were distributed to them. SSBassisted State Health Authorities in administeringPulse Polio drops. Malaria awareness programmesin Border Districts of Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutanhave also been organised.

Union, Home Secretary taking the Salute at FHQ SS New Delhi, on May 7, 2007

Sashastra Seema Bal personnel conducting suprise checkson Indo-Nepal border at Naxalbari

Border in 20 districts along the Indo-Nepal Borderand about 699 km. along Indo-Bhutan border. SSBhas 3 Frontiers and 8 Sector Headquarters.

7.35 Various Civic Action Programmes, includingmedical exams, etc. have been organised in bordervillages and total 2.53 lakh patients of 9,412 villageswere treated as on December 31, 2007. Medicines

Sashastra Seema Bal doctor examining a patient during theSamajik Chetna Abhiyan at Hahara, Rangia in August 2007

DEPLOYMENT OF CENTRAL POLICEFORCES (CPFs)

7.36 CPFs are made available in aid of the StateGovernments to maintain public order. These Forceshave been playing a key role in the overallmanagement of the internal security situation in thecountry. The emerging security scenario hasresulted in increased involvement of the CPFs in

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countering threats of terrorism and militancy. TheForces have played a major role in helping the Stateof J&K, North Eastern States and naxal-affectedStates in combating terrorism and militancy. Theyhave also assisted in smooth conduct of free, fairand peaceful Parliamentary and Assembly Electionsin the country.

MANPOWER STATUS IN CPFs

7.37 The manpower status in the CPFs duringthe last 10 years is at Annexure-XIII. Thesanctioned strength in terms of battalions (Bns.) isas given in the following table:

Force Sanctioned Strength ofGeneral Duties Battalions as on

December 31, 2007

AR 46 Bns.

BSF 157 Bns.

CRPF 185 Bns.

ITBP 45 Bns.

SSB 41 Bns.

Total 474 Bns.

7.38 In keeping with increasingly important andhigh risk roles being performed by the CPFs inmaintaining internal security and guarding of theborders of the country, there has beencorresponding increase in budget provisions as maybe seen from figures of actual expenditure for thelast 10 financial years given at Annexure-XIV.

RAISING OF INDIA RESERVE BATTA-LIONS (IR BN) IN STATES

7.39 The scheme of India Reserve Bns. wasintroduced in early 1970s when a need was felt forcapacity building in the States to deal with emergingproblems of Naxalism, influx of refuges, etc. Thescheme has continued thereafter, with modificationsin the financing norms from time to time keeping inview of the persistent demands from the States and

the benefits of the scheme. Till date 110 Bns. havebeen sanctioned to the States.

7.40 The Government have also approvedraising of additional 35 IR Bns. during the period2007-08 to 2009-10 with enhance CentralAssistance of Rs. 27.75 crore as compared to theexisting level of Rs. 20.75 crore for one IR BN.

RECRUITMENT SCHEME OFCONSTBALES IN CPFs

7.41 With a view to providing more jobopportunities to the youth of border States andmilitancy-affected areas, the recruitment scheme ofconstables in CPFs has been revised. Allocation ofvacancies is now made in the following manner:

� 60% of vacancies are allotted amongst States/UTs on the basis of population ratio.

� 20% of vacancies in the Border GuardingForces ( BGFs) viz. AR, BSF, ITBP and SSBare allotted to the border districts, which fallwithin the responsibility of the Force.

� 20% of vacancies in BGFs are allotted toareas affected by militancy i.e. J&K, North-Eastern States, and naxal-affected areas. Thedistricts/areas affected by militancy arenotified by Government from time to time.

� In Forces other than BGFs, 40% vacanciesare allotted to militancy-affected areas i.e.J&K, NE States and naxal affected areas.

WELFARE OF THE PERSONNEL OFTHE CPFS

7.42 CPFs have raised their own contributorywelfare schemes to help the families of personnelwho die on duty or get incapacitated. Under theseSchemes, financial assistance is provided to theForce personnel and their families. The Government

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sanctions substantial funds for the welfare of Forcepersonnel.

7.43 In view of extremely exacting, tough,rigorous and peculiar service conditions of CPFsPersonnel and to encourage higher technical andprofessional education for the wards of widows andex-CPFs personnel, 910 scholarships for the wardsof ex-para military forces personnel for pursuingadvance education in the field of Medical/Engineering/ Information Technology and othertechnical subjects have been introduced from theeducational session 2006-07, under the PrimeMinister’s Merit Scholarship Scheme.

7.44 The Welfare and Rehabilitation Board(WARB) has been constituted as a welfare measureby the Government on May 17, 2007. This willprovide an institutionalised mechanism to look intothe welfare and rehabilitation requirements of CPFpersonnel. The task of WARB includes looking afterimmediate dependents of personnel dying inharness, extending help to resolve personalproblems relating to children’s education land/property issues, serious medical problems, etc.WARB comprises of a Chairperson, ViceChairperson and 6 members representing differentForces.

7.45 To meet the long pending demand ofcanteen for serving and retired personnel of CPFs,a Central Police Canteen (CPC) has been launchedby the Government on September 19, 2006. CPCis based on market model and envisages ownregional depot in remote areas, to provide a widerange of consumer items to personnel of the forcesincluding ex-personnel and their families atconvenient locations at least possible rates withoutcompromising the quality. As on date 111 MasterCanteens and 829 unit canteens are functioning.CPC has developed its own web-sitewww.centralpolicecanteen.net.in.

PREVENTION OF HIV AIDS AMONGTHE CPFs

7.46 CPFs personnel are deployed throughoutthe country. The peculiar nature of their duties,prolonged separation from the families, tough livingconditions, stressful working conditions, spirit/notionof invincibility and alcohol abuse, etc. greatly increasethe chances of contracting HIV/AIDS due toindulgence in high risk behaviour. An Action Plan hasbeen formulated by the Ministry of Home Affairs andis being implemented for the benefit of CPFspersonnel. This includes establishment of 4 NationalLevel HIV/Anti Retroviral Treatment Centres atvarious locations in CPFs and several education andawareness generating steps, Information, Educationand Communication (IEC) materials distributionamong the troops by all the CPFs. Funds amountingto Rs.6.67 crore have been released for procurementof machinery and equipments. A Task Force underthe Chairmanship of Special Secretary (InternalSecurity) has been constituted for monitoring theprogress of works for prevention of HIV/AIDS amongthe CPFs personnel.

MODERNISATION OF CPFs

7.47 Continuous enhancement of the operationalefficiency of CPFs is the major focus of theGovernment in the modernisation programme ofForces. In order to meet the challenges of increasedmilitancy and terrorist activities, a five-year

Minister of State for Home inspecting the Canteen items in CPC

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perspective plan for modernisation of weaponry,machinery, transport, communication, surveillance,night vision and training equipment as Forcemultipliers has been formulated. The Governmenthad approved a 5 year plan (2002-07) formodernisation of 6 Central Police Forces with anoutlay of Rs.3,740.71 crore. This period ended on

March 31, 2007. However, since the Scheme couldnot be fully implemented during this period, it hasbeen extended by 3 years i.e. up to 2009-10. Thesummary of the financial projections of themodernisation plan with year-wise phasing is givenin the Table :

Approved Modernisation Plan for CPFs(Rs. in crore)

Name of Year-I Year-II Year-III Year-IV Year-V Total ofthe Force five years

Assam Rifles 76.36 82.92 115.17 104.53 105.77 484.75

BSF 353.25 438.38 514.31 514.89 510.01 2330.84

CISF 23.54 24.60 25.23 20.62 18.11 112.10

CRPF 103.49 119.31 104.56 110.18 105.21 542.75

ITBP 55.12 46.55 27.85 27.38 30.88 187.78

NSG 30.81 20.20 15.37 9.30 6.81 82.49

Total 642.57 731.96 802.49 786.90 776.79 3740.71

SSB Modernisation Plan

7.48 The Government had separately approveda modernisation plan for the SSB involving anexpenditure of Rs.444.33 crore over a period of 3years starting from 2005-06. Out of 444.33 crore,an amount of Rs.220 crore has been utilised. ThisPlan will come to end in March 2008 However, thisperiod has been extended by two years and will nowco-terminate with the Scheme pertaining to the otherforces.

Achievements under Modernisation Plan andrelated Schemes

7.49 BSF’s Water Wing has been strengthenedwith the induction of 9 Floating Border outpostsalong with Speed Boats. Procurement of 5 moreFloating BOPs alongwith 20 Fast Patrol Boats hasalso been initiated. For the Air Wing, 6 MI-Helicopters and Executive Jet have been inducted.Acquisition process of one large and the two

medium transport aircrafts has also been initiatedthrough the Ministry of Defence.

7.50 CPFs have been provided with superiorweaponry, protective gear and surveillance equipment.As a result, 3.05 lakh of 5.56 mm INSAS Rifles, 24,000AK 47 Rifles, 1,447 Rocket launchers (84 mm), 6,816BP Jackets, 23,017 Web equipments and 232 DeepSearch Metal Detectors have been procured. Underthe component of Motor transport, 2,848 new vehicleshave been procured and 1,035 have been bulletproofed. 860 STAR-V and 121 POLNET terminalshave been set up, and 460 Hand Held ThermalImagers have been procured.

7.51 Measures have also been initiated for up-gradation of Clothing Tentage and Stores (CTS) itemsas they directly benefit the common soldier.Introduction of synthetic web equipment, tent-extendable, blanket woollen superior dyed, andimproved version of boot/ankle and jungle shoes arelikely to have morale-boosting effect on the jawans.

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AWARDS AND MEDALS

7.52 The details of Gallantry/Service Medalsawarded to police personnel of States/Unionterritories/Central Police Forces and otherorganizations during the year 2007-08 are given atAnnexure-XV.

TRAINING OF POLICE PERSONNEL

7.53 Training of personnel is one of the importantrequirements for effective and efficient discharge ofduties by the police forces. The Governmentattaches the greatest importance to the training ofpolice personnel in all ranks.

7.54 Training includes recruits training at thetime of induction in service, specialised training indifferent disciplines, in-service training to improvethe skills of the police personnel and to sensitisethem about important issues like human rights,gender sensitization, community participation, etc.

7.55 Most of the Central/State Police Forceshave set up their own training institutions forimparting induction and in-service training to theirpersonnel. The training curricula and schedules aremade to suit the role of respective forces.

7.56 In some training institutions ofCentral/State Police Forces, policepersonnel of some foreign countries arealso trained. SVP NPA, Hyderabad hastrained police officers of countries likeMaldives, Mauritius, Bhutan, Nepal, SriLanka and Afghanistan and Palestinefrom time to time. Training is animportant component of policecooperation with several foreigncountries.

7.57 In addition to organising thetraining of police personnel within thecountry, police personnel of States/UTs/CPOs are also sent abroad for training

to acquaint themselves with modern techniques ofcrime prevention, detection, investigation, anti-terrorism related matters, etc. These courses havebeen organised in Japan, Singapore, USA, Italy,etc. USA has also been offering various trainingcourses under Anti-Terrorism Assistance (ATA)Programme. With the help of the officers receivingtraining abroad, courses are being replicated in Indiato have a multiplier effect.

7.58 With a view to capacity building of the Statepolice personnel in jungle warfare and counterinsurgency, Special Training Schools will be set upin Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand andOrissa with an outlay of Rs.60 crore during the 11th

Five Year Plan. Steps are also being taken tostrengthen the training set up of CPMFs. A traininginstitution to impart basic training in disastermanagement to CRPF personnel has beenapproved.

UNITED NATIONS PEACE-KEEPINGMISSIONS

7.59 During the period from April 1, 2007 toDecember 31, 2007, 100 Indian CIVPOL (CivilianPolice) officers from different States, UTs and CPOshave been deployed with UN PeacekeepingMissions in Kosovo, Sudan. Two Formed Police

UN Peace keeping mission in Libena

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Units one each from BSF and ITBP continue to bedeployed with UN Peace Keeping Mission in Congosince November, 2005. One Female Formed PoliceUnit from CRPF has also been deployed with UNPeace Keeping Mission in Liberia since January,2007.

BUREAU OF POLICE RESEARCH ANDDEVELOPMENT (BPR&D)

7.60 The BPR&D was set up in 1970 to identifythe needs and problems of police in the country,undertake appropriate research project and studiesand to suggest modalities to overcome the same.It was also mandated to keep abreast of latestdevelopments in the fields of science andtechnology, both in India and abroad, with a view topromote the use of appropriate technology in policework. Over the years, this organisation has beenentrusted with the responsibility of monitoring thetraining needs and quality in States and CentralGovernment, assisting States in modernistion ofPolice Forces and looking after the work relating tocorrectional administration.

7.61 BPR&D have signed Memorandum ofUnderstanding (MoU) with 27 National Universitiesto bring police subjects and its research on their

curriculum. To increase its base, BPR&D has alsosigned MoU with Defence Research andDevelopment Organisation (DRDO) under theMinistry of Defence to conduct scientific trials.

7.62 BPR&D has brought out publication of “theData on Police Organisation – January 1, 2006”,“Compendium of Research Studies”, “Prisons &Laws in India”, “Compendium of NGOs in Prisons”,“Directory of Prison Officials”, etc. Seven eminentauthors were awarded Pt. Gobind Ballabh PantAwards for Hindi books on Police/Prison subjects.The reward money was also doubled in 2007.

7.63 In the year 2007, BPR&D has completedresearch studies on ‘Key Performance Indicatorsfor Police Stations in Delhi’ and ‘ConflictManagement of Tripura’, etc. Six new Ph.D.fellowships on Police/Prison subjects were awardedthis year. In collaboration with NIC, ‘e-Granthalaya’software to modernise various Police Libraries wasdistributed and the required training was alsoimparted. In collaboration of the Ministry of HomeAffairs, “Standard Operating Procedure” for thefunctioning of Police Stations set up under CoastalSecurity Scheme has been prepared and sent to allthe Coastal Stations.

Second Colloquium organized by BPR&D

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7.64 “Draft National Policy Paper on PrisonReforms” has been finalised. Study on “ComparativeRates of Imprisonment” has also been completed.All India Prison Duty Meet was successfullyorganised in Ahmedabad (Gujarat) from May12 – 14, 2007.

7.65 Web-site of the BPR&D www.bprd.gov.inhas been refurbished. It is regularly loaded with filmson road safety, Supreme Court/High CourtJudgements relevant to Police and Prisons, Prisons& Laws in India, Investigating Officers legal guide,Data on Police Organisation as on January 1, 2006,Drill & Training Manual and Courses, GenderSensitization courses, etc. Telephone Nos. andcontact addresses of police stations of 22 Stateshave been uploaded and the rest of the policestations of the country will also be covered soon.

7.66 To further strengthen the functioning ofBPR&D to enable it to discharge its responsibilitiesas per its Charter, a major restructuring exercisehas been undertaken. This exercise includes amongother issues, the augmentation of manpower andenhancement of its budget for various activities.BPR&D has also been brought, for the first time,under Plan with an outlay of Rs. 150 crore for the11th Five Year Plan. Considering the present acutepaucity of trainers in the police training institutionsin the whole country, a national level center fortraining of trainers is going to be set up for which aprovision of Rs. 65 crore has been kept under thisscheme.

7.67 BPR&D will also undertake programmes likeTraining interventions, research projects,establishment of two new Central Detective TrainingSchools and construction of a new headquartersbuilding for BPR&D.

WOMEN IN POLICE SERVICES

7.68 It is the Government policy to increase thestrength of women police personnel in the Statesand Centre. All the State Governments have beenrequested to take steps to raise the women policepersonnel strength to 10% of their total police

strength in the next few years. A number of stepsare being taken to bring the women police officersto the mainstream of police force. Their trainingprogrammes have been reoriented to includesubjects like Commando training to make themconfident and capable of discharging their dutiesefficiently. The gender sensitization is a part of thetraining of all police personnel with a view to makethe organisational culture more conducive to womenpolice personnel. The women police officers aregiven increasingly the same type of operationalduties as to their male counterparts. Nationalconference on “Monitoring and Evaluating theProtection of Women from Domestic Violence Act2005” was held at India Habitat Centre, New Delhiwith the help of Lawyers Collective Women’s RightsInitiative. One Female Formed Police Unitcomprising of 125 personnel from CRPF is deployedin Liberia since January, 2007 in UN Peace KeepingOperation and its performance has beenappreciated world over.

7.69 As on January 1, 2007, there were 59,516women police personnel as compared to 39,954women police personnel as on January 1, 2005thereby showing an impressive growth in thenumber of women police personnel. This Ministryhas approved raising of additional companystrength of women personnel in SSB and BSF. Oneprize under Pt. Gobind Vallabh Puraskar Yojanafor best Hindi books on Police Topics has beenreserved for women authors. The StateGovernments have also been requested to takefacilitating measures for women in the police likeliberal sanction of maternity leave and creation ofan environment more compatible to women in theorganization.

LOK NAYAK JAYPRAKASH NARAYANNATIONAL INSTITUTE OFCRIMINOLOGY AND FORENSICSCIENCE (LNJN NICFS)

7.70 The National Institute of Criminology andForensic Science, a premier institution forCriminology, was set up in 1972. It has been

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renamed as “Lok Nayak Jayaprakash NarayanNational Institute of Criminology and ForensicScience” on October 3, 2003 and continues tofunction as the country’s nodal institution for trainingof functionaries of Criminal Justice System in thetwin fields of Criminology and Forensic Science, aswell as for research related to these fields.

Teaching Programmes

7.71 The Institute is affiliated with the GuruGobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi forrunning M.A./M.Sc. programmes in Criminology andForensic Science, which started with effect fromAugust 3, 2004. A total of 77 Post Graduate students(37 from the first batch and 40 from the secondbatch) in Criminology and Forensic Science havepassed out from the Institute.

Training and Research

7.72 From April 2007 up to December 2007, 719Officers participated in 35 different training coursesorganised by LNJN NICFS. The Institute alsoimparted training to 29 foreign nationals from Fiji,Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Phillipines.

7.73 The Foundation Course for ForensicScientists has been held from September 27, 2007to November 29, 2007. A total of 9 participants fromvarious State FSLs including two officers nominatedby Govt of Fiji Islands under TCS Colombo Planhave attended the course.

7.74 During the XIth Plan, 4 projects from theXth Plan are being continued, viz. “Studies onIdentification and Characterisation of drugs, fibres,paints and poisons, etc. – database generation withthe help of UMA-600 Microscope attached withFTIR”, “Creation of Computer Forensic Divisionusing DRAC 2000 and Mini DRAC”, “Creation ofForensic Serology and DNA division in the Institute”,“Upgradation and Modernisation of Library”, and onenew project “Analysis of various poisons in Biologicalfluids/tissues - Upgradation of Forensic ToxicologyDivision” is being taken up.

7.75 The Institute is also conducting training invarious aspects of forensic science in pursuance ofthe directions of the Hon’ble Supreme Court forJudicial Officers. A Workshop on Training of NodalPolice Officials of States on Anti Human Traffickingwas conducted at the Institute in collaboration withUnited Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(UNODC).

DIRECTORATE OF FORENSICSCIENCE (DFS)

7.76 Directorate of Forensic Science headed bythe Director-cum-Chief Forensic Scientist under theMinistry of Home Affairs came into existence witheffect from 1st January 2003. Three Central ForensicScience Laboratories (CFSLs) at Kolkata,Hyderabad, Chandigarh and three Laboratories ofGovernment Examiner of Questioned Documents(GEsQD), Kolkata, Hyderabad and Shimla arefunctioning under the Directorate.

Statistics on Crime Case Analysis

7.77 The three CFSLs examined 2,418 cases,containing 26,238 exhibits, and the three GEsQDunder DFS examined 1,912 cases, containing3,08,907 exhibits and 23 hard disc drives, duringthe year 2007-08 (up to December 31, 2007).

Training Courses Conducted by DFSLaboratories

7.78 32 specialised training courses in the areaof White Collar Crimes, DNA Fingerprintingtechniques, Forensic Explosives, Crime SceneManagement, R&D Management, QuestionedDocuments, Forensic Auditing, Credit Cards Frauds,Forensic Toxicology, NAA techniques, Detection ofmetallic poisons in food articles, Handling of NBCagents, Ballistics GSR Analysis, Fire Arms ExpertsTraining Programme, Crime Against Women andComputer Forensics, have been conducted, whichwere attended by about 350 Forensic Scientists,

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Police Officers and Officers from other LawEnforcement agencies.

Accreditation of Forensic Service

7.79 Under the Quality Control/QualityAssurance Programme, all the CFSLs and allGEsQD under DFS are duly accredited throughNational Accreditation Board for Testing andCalibration Laboratories (NABL). After their re-assessment, the accreditation of these laboratorieshas been renewed by the NABL. State FSLs ofGujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Haryana also havebeen accredited through NABL.

Extra-Mural Research and DevelopmentSchemes

7.80 The scheme has been approved by theGovernment with an outlay of Rs.5 cores to promoteForensic Science in Academic and ResearchInstitutions and other R&D laboratories.

18th All India Forensic Science Conference

7.81 The 18th All India Forensic ScienceConference has been organised by DFS, New Delhi

at Kolkata, in collaboration with the Government ofWest Bengal during November 16-18, 2007. UnionMinister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairsinaugurated the Conference and conferred theUnion Home Minister’s Awards for the years 2005and 2006.

Awaremess Programmes

7.82 Nine Forensic Science AwarenessProgrammes have been organised at the nationallevel in the country. The participants were fromvarious law enforcement agencies such as Police,Judiciary and Prosecutors, etc. DFS brought outa uniform and up-dated version of M.Sc. (ForensicScience) Syllabus and forwarded the same to allUniversities to get it reviewed by their Board ofStudies.

Interaction with other agencies

7.83 Four projects are currently under progressin collaboration with Technology Information,Forecasting & Assessment Council (TIFAC),Department of Science & Technology. Interactionwith the Ministry of Finance has taken place on

Indigenisation of SecurityPress Ink and Security Paperand R&D Laboratory for thepurpose.

Assistance in Setting upFSLs in Maldives andVietnam

7.84 As requested by theGovernments of Maldives andVietnam, an Indian delegationvisited Maldives and Vietnamand has submitted anelaborate plan for creation offorensic facilities in thesecountries.18th All India Forensic Science Conference, November 16-18, 2007

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Junior Research Fellow Scheme

7.85 36 students are undergoing Ph.D.programmes in six forensic science laboratoriesunder the Directorate.

CENTRAL FORENSIC SCIENCELABORATORY (CFSL), CBI

7.86 CFSL is a scientific department of Ministryof Home Affairs under the administrative control ofCBI. The CFSL deals with the scientific analysis ofcrime exhibits referred by CBI, Delhi Police,Vigilance, State/Central Govt. Departments, JudicialCourts and State FSLs. The experts of CFSLexamine the exhibits forwarded by the investigatingagencies and tender expert opinion and substantiatetheir opinions in the Court of Law. Services of thescientific experts of this Laboratory are also utilisedat the scene of crime throughout India for detectionof physical clues. Scientists/experts also imparttraining to the Investigating Officers and ForensicScientists and also undertake Research andDevelopmental work related to forensic science.

7.87 At present, CFSL has sanctioned strengthof 119 scientific staff with a budget grant of Rs.5.12crore for the year 2007-08. During the year (up toDecember, 2007), CFSL carried out scientificexaminations of 3,24,098 Exhibits. The laboratoryreceived 1,212 fresh cases during the same periodfor crime exhibits analysis and had given expertopinion in 1,187 cases. The Laboratory Scientistsgave testimony in 261 courts and visited 82 scenesof crime throughout India. The forensic assistancewas provided to State FSLs, Judicial Courts,Ministries, Sale Tax and Excise Departments, Banks,Narcotics Department, High Courts and PublicSector Undertakings (PSUs), in addition to regularassistance to CBI and Delhi Police.

7.88 CFSL provided practical exposure of scientificworking of CFSL to 358 trainees/ course participantsof a number of institutions namely CBI Academy,

National Institute of Customs and Excise, DelhiPolice, NICFS, IB, BSF, IPS Probationer Officers,CVC Officers, University students, Vigilance Officersfrom different Public Undertakings, newly recruitedtrainees of CBI Academy, Prosecutors, Judges/Judicial Magistrate of various courts and DefencePersonnel.

7.89 The approximate projection for the periodJanuary-March, 2008 is of 300 cases besides givingtestimony in Courts.

7.90 CFSL has Scientific Aids Unit located inCBI Branch in Chennai. CFSL today is one of themost comprehensive laboratories in the country with10 fully equipped divisions namely Physics,Chemistry, Biology, Serology, Ballistics, Documents,Finger Prints, Lie Detector, Photo and Scientific AidsUnit and Computer Forensic Science (Cyber Crime).

Future Growth

7.91 CFSL is concentrating its efforts to updatethe technology and infrastructure of existinglaboratory division by state of the-art technology.CFSL is committed to quality work in all its functionaldisciplines. The CFSL (CBI) has initiatedprogramme for getting the laboratory accredited withNational Accreditation Board for Testing andCalibration Laboratories (NABL) under theDepartment of Science and Technology,Government of India as per Quality Systemconforming to ISO IEC 17025 and NABL- 113.

7.92 CFSL is gearing up to enhance the qualityof expert opinion and generate effectiveinfrastructure for greater efficiency.

DIRECTORATE OF COORDINATION,POLICE WIRELESS (DCPW)

7.93 DCPW is entrusted with responsibilities forcoordinating the Inter-State PoliceTelecommunication by setting up the National PoliceTelecommunication network namely POLNET, which

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is a satellite-based network to meet higher standardsin police communication; and to providecryptographic cover to police communication at alltimes including natural disaster. DCPW is the CentralDistributing Authority (CDA) for cryptographicdocuments and devices being used by State PoliceRadio Organisations and Inter State Police WirelessStations, the nodal coordinating agency for policetelecommunication both at State and national level,providing uninterrupted Inter State PoliceCommunication and imparting quality training to thepersonnel of Police Radio Organisations.

POLNET PROJECT

7.94 A satellite-based all India PoliceTelecommunication Network namely POLNET hasbeen established to provide connectivity to all policestations, district/State headquarters and the nationalcapital. The network is being utilised for exchangingthe law and order communication by States, Unionterritories, Central Police Organisations and NationalCrime Records Bureau (NCRB) headquarters. Thenetwork has been successfully tested for CrimeCriminal Information System (CCIS) applications ofNCRB at Bangalore, Gandhinagar and Delhi andfor Common Integrated Police Applications (CIPA)of NCRB.

Cipher Wing

7.95 The Cipher wing of DCPW was establishedin the year 1966. The important role and functionsof Cipher wing of DCPW include providingcryptographic cover to classified messages of thisMinistry and other Departments, implementingcryptographic rules and operational procedures,imparting training of various level to communicationofficers/personnel of CPOs and State Police RadioOrganisations and UTs on all aspects ofcryptography. DCPW functions in closecoordination with organisations such as Joint CipherBureau (JCB) and Scientific Analysis Group (SAG)of the Ministry of Defence, for the purpose ofupdating cryptographic systems and formulatingpolicies relating to police communication security.

Communication and Maintenance

7.96 The connectivity for communication with 31Inter-State Police Wireless (ISPW) Stations networkand the State Police Organisation’s network iseffected through POLNET. Four more ISPWStations at Dehradun, Ranchi, Raipur and Damanhave been made operational. A fully equippedtechnical maintenance section provides thenecessary maintenance cover to all equipmentsinstalled at headquarters and 31 ISPW Stationslocated across the country. The communicationfacilities of ISPW Stations network are utilised forhandling emergency messages during naturalcalamities like floods, earthquakes, disasters, etc.and is also extended to other organisations likeTata Institute of Fundamental Research, UnionPublic Service Commission (UPSC), FoodCorporation of India (FCI), Census Department, etc.

Training Wing

7.97 The Central Police Radio Training Institutes(CPRTIs) at New Delhi and Ghaziabad (UttarPradesh) are the two training wings of the directoratewherein various training programmes are conductedfor police personnel of various ranks ontelecommunication, besides various courses onupgradation of proficiency in communication andcryptography, special courses on the maintenanceof VHF/UHF radio equipments, Management ofPOLNET, VSAT & Multi Access Radio Telephones,Communication Appreciation & Management Course,Cipher Appreciation and Management Course etc.A special course on cryptography andCommunication security has been organised fortraining 24 BSF officers in the month of September -November 2007. Apart from these activities, a targethas been set to train 800 police personnel through45 programmes during the current financial year.

Central Workshop

7.98 The central workshop of DCPW isentrusted with the responsibility of technical

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evaluation of HF/VHF/UHF Radio Communicationsets and their accessories for the rate contract ofDGS&D, for their induction in police forces. Theperformance test, serviceability test, acceptancetest, maintenance and repairs of all equipments/instruments are also done in the central workshop.The workshop section has also successfully testeditems like Laptop PCs, Sealed Maintenance FreeBatteries (SMFB), Public Address Systems withSiren, Vehicle Mounted VSAT with tracking system,204 KVA Power Generator, Portable Gen-sets, VideoCameras, etc. The requirements of various States,UTs and CPOs during election, law & order,emergencies, natural calamities, etc. are met bysending equipments from the reserve stock on warfooting basis.

Disaster Management Activities

7.99 DCPW is maintaining six numbers ofspecially designed VSATs along with one VehicleMounted Auto Tracking VSAT of the Ministry fordeployment through concerned force for DisasterManagement purpose. The equipments are fullyfunctional and kept ready for dispatch to any locationin case of an emergency.

NARCOTICSCONTROLBUREAU

7.100 The NarcoticsControl Bureau (NCB) is anational nodal agencyunder the Ministry of HomeAffairs under the NarcoticDrugs and PsychotropicSubstances Act, 1985 forcombating illicit trafficking innarcotic drugs andpsychotropic substances.NCB is also responsible forcoordination with variousMinistries, other offices and

State/Central enforcement agencies andimplementation of the international obligations undervarious UN Conventions 1961, 1971 and 1988 (towhich India is signatory) against illicit trafficking ofdrugs. It also provides required assistance toconcerned authorities of various countries tofacilitate universal action for prevention andsuppression of illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs andpsychotropic substances.

7.101 Drug abuse has been steadilyincreasing and there is growing abuse of harderdrugs. India remains a transit country in respect ofopiates of South West and South East Asian origin.

NCB’s Achievement in Drugs Seizure

7.102 NCB’s achievements in seizure of variousdrugs are reflected in Annexure-XVI. Some of themajor seizures effected by the NCB during 2007 are- seizure of 10.54 kg. of heroin in Bangalore on April23, 2007; seizure of 10 kg. of heroin on Delhi onJune19, 2007; seizure of 16 kg. of heroin inFerozpur (Punjab) on July 19, 2007; seizure of 15kg. of heroine at Fazilka (Punjab) on September 18,

SSB personnel with Charas Siezed at Indo-Nepal Border on May 29, 2007

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2007 and seizure of 10 kg. of heroin in Ferozpurdistrict of Punjab on October 7, 2007.

Assistance to States for strengthening oftheir enforcement capabilities to combatillicit trafficking

7.103 NCB being the national nodal agency fordrug law enforcement, supports the StateGovernments by providing Central Assistance toprocure necessary infrastructure and equipment toimprove their enforcement capabilities in combatingdrug trafficking. During the year 2007-08. TheCentral Government grant of Rs.1.5 crore has beenapproved to for the Drug Law Enforcement Agenciesof 12 States namely Kerala, Karnataka, WestBengal, Meghalaya, Goa, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan,Maharashtra, Mizoram, Andhra Pradesh, UttarPradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

Destruction of illicit cultivation of Poppy andCannabis

7.104 NCB, in joint operation with BSF andState Police, have destroyed illicit cultivation ofPoppy and Cannabis in Himachal Pradesh andJammu & Kashmir in the areas of 1,635.5 hectaresand 1,445 bighas respectively in the month of Apriland May, 2007.

Reward Policy

7.105 NCB is the designated agency forprocessing and sanctioning reward proposalspertaining to seizure of narcotic and psychotropicsubstances effected by all enforcement agencies inthe country. During the financial year 2007-08 anamount of Rs.40 lakh has been sanctioned asreward to eligible persons.

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