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Poisson's ratioWhen a material is stretched in one direction it te nds to get thinner in the other two directions
When a sample of material is stretched in one direction it tends to get thinner in the other two directions.
Poisson's ratio is the ratio of the relative contraction strain, or transverse strain normal to the applied load, to therelative extension strain, or axial strain in the direction of the applied load.
Poisson's Ratio can be expressed as
υ = - εt / εl (1)
where
υ = Poisson's ratio
εt = transverse strain
εl = longitudinal or axial strain
Strain can be expressed as
ε = dl/L (2)
where
dl = change in length
L = initial length
For most common materials the Poisson's ratio is in the range 0 - 0.5.
Typical Poisson's Ratios fro some Common Materials
Material Poisson's Ratio
Upper limit 0.5
Aluminum 0.334
Aluminum, 6061-T6 0.35
Aluminum, 2024-T4 0.32
Beryllium Copper 0.285
Brass, 70-30 0.331
Brass, cast 0.357
Bronze 0.34
Concrete 0.1 - 0.2
Copper 0.355
Cork 0
Glass, Soda 0.22
Glass, Float 0.2 - 0.27
Granite 0.2 - 0.3
Ice 0.33
Inconel 0.27 - 0.38
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Poisson's ratio http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/poissons-ratio-d_1224.html
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Material Poisson's Ratio
Iron, Cast - gray 0.211
Iron, Cast 0.22 - 0.30
Iron, Ductile 0.26 - 0.31
Iron, Malleable 0.271
Lead 0.431
Limestone 0.2 - 0.3
Magnesium 0.35
Magnesium Alloy 0.281
Marble 0.2 - 0.3
Molybdenum 0.307
Monel metal 0.315
Nickel Silver 0.322
Nickel Steel 0.291
Polystyrene 0.34
Phosphor Bronze 0.359
Rubber 0.48 - ~0.5
Stainless Steel 18-8 0.305
Steel, cast 0.265
Steel, Cold-rolled 0.287
Steel, high carbon 0.295
Steel, mild 0.303
Titanium (99.0 Ti) 0.32
Wrought iron 0.278
Z-nickel 0.36
Zinc 0.331
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Poisson's ratio http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/poissons-ratio-d_1224.html
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