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INDUCTION GAS TRAINING

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Gas Induction Training

PipelineSludio Training .1The Product , 1The User 1The Training 1

Lab 1 PipelineStudio Introduction 1-11.1 Starting PipelineStudio 1-11.2 Using PipelineStudio 1-21.3 Opening and closing a configuration file 1-21.4 Saving a configuration 1-31.5 Selecting the Units 1-41.6 Exercise 1A: , 1-61.7 Exercise 1B: 1-71.8 Importing a Keyword file and XML file 1-71.9 Exporting a configuration file as a keyword file and xml file 1-81.10 EXiting PipelineStudio 1-91.11 Exercise 1C: 1-91.12 Exercise 1D: 1-91.13 Creating a new configuration 1-101.14 Working with configuration templates 1-101.15 Exercise 1E: 1-121.16 Exercise 1F: 1-121.17 Adding a network element or pipe 1-121.18 Copying a network section 1-131.19 Building a pipeline network 1-14120 Locking a drawing 1-151.21 Pipeline network objects 1-15122 Working with Grid and Snap 1-161.23 Zooming and panning 1-161.24 Sizing objects 1-161.25 Flipping and rolating objects 1-171.26 Rotating an object 1-171.27 Moving an object 1-17128 Disconnecting nodes 1-181.29 Exercise 1G: 1-191.30 About graphical nodes 1-191.31 Working with graphical nodes 1-191.32 Running a steady-state simulation 1-201.33 Running a transient simulation 1-201.34 Viewing output report 1-21135 Exercise 1H: 1-211.36 Other Related Tips: 1-22

Lab 2 PipelineStudio Input 2-12.1 Working with network views 2-12.2 Working with nodes 2-123 Setting a node "glue" distance 2-22.4 Editing an object's properties 2-22.5 Exercise 2A: 2-32.6 Working with network validation 2-32.7 Working with table views 2-42.8 Using the New Table Wizard 2-82.9 Using the Insert Sheet Wizard 2-82.10 Using Find & Replace and Set To & Set To Initial with a table view 2-92.11 Exercise 26: 2-11212 Working with fluids 2-112.13 Working with simplified fluids 2-122.14 Working with user qualities 2-132.15 Using the Property View 2-152.16 Exercise 2C: 2-16

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Lab 33.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.93.103.113123.133.143153.163.173183.193.203.213.223.233.243253.263.273.283.293.303.31

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About Quality Tracking 2-16Exercise 20: 2-17Working with units 2-18Using the Units Manager 2-19Exercise 2E: 2-20About the Property View 2-20Working with the Property View 2-20Gas Flow Equations 2-21Exercise 2F 2-23Compressors, Drivers and Curves 2-23Exercise 2G: 2-24Related Tips: 2-25

PipelineStudio Additional Features , , 3·1Using PipelineStudio Help 3-1Locating a help topic 3-2Displaying a help topic for a dialog, window, or view 3-2Navigating the help system 3-2Printing a help topic 3-2Setting help options 3-3Working with reports and output 3-3Sending e-mail 3-4Technical Support 3-4

Exercise 3A: 3-5Inserting an object 3-5Setting an object as a background object 3-6Removing old output files 3-6About toolbars 3-7Exercise 3B: 3-9Working with simulations 3-9Setting advanced simulation controls 3-10Setting options 3-10Temperature Tracking and Heat Transfer 3-10Exercise 3C: 3-13Ambient Temperature Tables and Velocity for Ambient Medium 3-13Exercise 3D: 3-15Exercise 3E: 3-16library 3-16Exercise 3F: 3-18Workspace View 3-18Exercise 3G 3-20Importing and exporting library data 3-20Exercise 3H: 3-22Exercise 31: 3-22Related Tips: 3-23

PipelineStudio Output 4·1Setting a wallpaper background 4-1Setting Network View Properties 4-1Working with colors 4-2Setting a color scheme 4-2Exercise 4A: 4-4Setting view options 4-4ShOWing/hiding the Status Bar and toolbars 4-4Using Find for a network view 4-5Working with data blocks 4-6

Using the Data Items Wizard 4-6Editing a data block 4-7Moving a data block 4-8Deleting a data block 4-8

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Using the Format Painter 4-8Exercise 4B: 4-9Transient scenario considerations 4-10Creating a transient scenario 4-10Working with trend plots 4-11Exercise 4C: 4-12Re-starting a transient scenario 4-12Running multiple configuration files in the simulator 4-13Exercise 40: 4-13Working with charts 4-14Using the Profile Wizard 4-16Working with profiles 4-16Exercise 4E: 4-17Printing a network view 4-17Printing a table view 4-18Working with reports 4-19Working with Excel Reports 4-20Exercise4F: 4-21Exercise 4G: 4-22

General modeling tips and network set up 5-1Exercise 5A: 5-2Exercise 5B: 5-3Exercise 5C: 5-4Exercise 50: 5-4Exercise 5E: 5-4Exercise 5F: 5-5Exercise 5G: 5-5Exercise 5H: 5-5Exercise 51: 5-6

Exercise 5J: 5-7Exercise 5K: 5-7

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PipelineStudio Training

The Product

Welcome to pipelinestudio", Energy Solutions International's state-of-the-art graphical environment forthe steady state and transient hydraulic analysis of gas and liqUid pipeline networks.

In pipelinestudio, multiple simulation tools are integrated under one graphical environment so that youmay configure, execute and analyze gas and liquid pipeline scenarios within a single Windowsapplication, using both steady-state and transient modeling.

pipelinestudio features the latest releases of our industry-proven gas and liquid simUlators, TGNET andTLNET, respectively.

The pipeline networks modeled can be simple or complex, have varied elevation profiles, and includevarious types of equipment. You can build these networks using symbols that represent pipe and realworld equipment using familiar drag and drop techniques, while multiple data entry methods and pipelinenetwork validation with context-sensitive error reporting speed the entry process.

The User

This pipe/inestudio Training Class is intended as an introductory course to a first-time user of theproduct or someone who wants to become more productive using pipelinestudio.

The goal of the pipelinestudio training class is to provide a pipeline engineer, technician or professionalwith all of the skills and familiarity with the product needed to allow them to begin making productive andefficient use of the product.

The Training

pipe/inestudio Training is being provided in a laboratory-type environment with the intent to provide thetrainee with an interactive and high-ratio of hands on experience. The purpose of this is to keep thingsinteresting and provide better overall retention by the student.

pipelinestudio training is divided into ordered and methodical labs to allow the user to build on skillsobtained from the previous lab and maximize the retention of knowledge associated with this training.Lecture and discussion will be incorporated into the labs themselves.

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Lab 1 PipelineStudio Introduction

Objectives of this Lab

The purpose of this lab is to introduce you to pipelinestudio, the simulator we will be using throughoutthis training session.

By the end of this lab, you should be able to:

• Start pipelinestudio• Steps to running a simulation

• Work efficiently with pipelinestudio• Open, close and view an existing input/output file

• Import and export a keyword file and XML file

• Create a new file• Working with configuration templates

• Add pipeline devices

• Change device orientation

• Manipulate the network view

• Lock a drawing

• Modify graphical nodes• Run and view steady state and transient files

1.1 Starting PipelineStudio

There are a number of ways to start your pipelinestudio application:

From Windows Start

1. From the Windows Start bUllon, select Programs, select ENERGY SOLUTIONS, thenPipelineStudio and from the menu select PipelineStudio. This will start the pipelinestudioapplication.

From Windows Explorer

1. To start Windows Explorer, from the Windows Start bUllon, select Programs, select Accessories,then Windows Explorer. This will start the Windows Explorer application.

2. Using Windows Explorer, select the directory that contains pipelinestudio (normally C:IProgramFileslEnergy SolutionslPipeline8tudio (version number) IPLStudiol).

3. Double click on the file Plstudio.exe. This will start the pipelinestudio application.

From the Shortcut Icon

•Click this icon to start pipelinestudio.

1. When you install pipelinestudio on your PC, a shortcut icon will automatically be set up on yourdesktop.

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1.2 Using PipelineStudio

Following are the general steps you can use while working with pipelinestudio:

1. Create a new configuration file. Options:

• Open an existing configuration file

• Work with units

• Import a keyword or XML file

2. Option: Set pipelinestudio options.

3. Option: Set view options.

4. Set configuration file properties.

5. Save a configuration (note: this step should be performed repeatedly as you work).

6. Option: Work with units.

NOTE: Steps 7-9 can be performed in any order; however, the indicated order is the most efficient.

7. Set simulation options.

8. Create a fluid:

• Create a simplified fluid

• Create a compositional fluid

9. Build a pipeline network:

• Add network elements and pipes

• Edit an object's properties

• Option: Rename objects

• Option: Insert an object, such as a bitmap, to use as a background

10. Option: Add data blocks (to annotate your pipeline network drawing).

11. Validate the network.

12. Run a steady-state simulation.

13. View output.

14. Option: Create a transient simulation scenario. Then, run a transient simulation.

15. Option: Create a chart.

16. Option: Create a trend plot.

17. Option: Share pipelinestudio information.

18. Exit pipelinestudio.

1.3 Opening and closing a configuration file

You can have one or more configuration files open at a time in pipelinestudio. If you have licensed andinstalled both TGNET and TLNET, you can have both gas configuration files and liquid configuration filesopen at the same time.

All windows (network views, table views, etc.) associated with a configuration file will have theconfiguration name displayed on their title bars. If you have licensed both TGNET and TLNET, theindicator (gas) or (Iiq) will display after the name.

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Opening an existing configuration file

To open an existing configuration file:

1. Open the File menu and select Open, or click the Open button on the Standard toolbar. The Opendialog appears.

2. Navigate to the path (drive and directory) where the configuration file is located. Only TGNET and/orTLNET files are listed. TGNET files have an extension of .tgw.

3. Double-click on the file, or click on it and click the Open button. The file is opened.

TIP: You can open the File menu and select a file from the list of most recently opened files.

You can also set pipetinestudio to automatically reload the most recent configuration file the next timeyou start the program.

Refer to the procedure below for details.

Closing a configuration file

• Open the File menu and select Close. The configuration file is closed and all associated windows areclosed. If you have not saved changes to your configuration file, a message appears asking if youwant to save.

NOTE: If you only have one window open for a configuration file and click the window's close button, theconfiguration file is closed.

Setting file options

To set file options:

1. Open the Tools menu and choose Options. The Options dialog appears.

2. To automatically open the most recent configuration file the next time you start pipetinestudio, clickthe Reload last document at startup checkbox.

3. To set the number of recently opened files that are added to the File menu, enter a value, or use theup/down arrow keys to change the value.

4. Click OK. The file options are set

1.4 Saving a configuration

As you work with pipetinestudio, you should frequently save your configuration files. Also, if you exitpipetinestudio and have not saved any changes, a message displays asking if you want to save.

NOTE: If you have not saved changes to a configuration, an asterisk appears after the configurationname on all windows associated with the file (a network view, table view, chart view, etc.).

Before saving, make any window associated with the configuration file the active window.

Saving a configuration file

To save a configuration file:

• Click the Save button on the Standard toolbar, or open the File menu and choose Save.

NOTE: The first time you save a configuration file, the Save As dialog appears. Follow the procedurebelow for using the Save As dialog.

NOTE: If you changed the structure of a table (by adding a column) since the last save, you are asked ifyou want to save the table also. If you click Yes, the table structure is saved so you can use it thenext time you run pipelinestudio. The table structure IS NOT stored in the configuration file.However, any data in the table is written to the configuration file.

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Saving a configuration file under a different name

To save a configuration file under a different name:

1. Open the File menu and choose Save As. The Save As dialog appears.

2. Navigate to the path (drive and directory) where you want to save the configuration file.

3. Enter a name for the file.

4. Click Save when done. The configuration file is saved using the new name.

NOTE: The appropriate extension is added to a configuration file name when you save it:

.tgw for a gas configuration (TGNET).

1.5 Selecting the Units

pipelinestudio® provides you with a flexible, easy-to-use way to work with units. You can select the unitto use for a unit category. Once you have modified a unit system to meet your preferences, you can set itas the default.

TIP: If you want to add or modify units from one of the unit systems supplied with pipelinestudio, youmight want to save the unit system under a new name.

Selecting the unit used for a unit category

To set the unit used for a unit category:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Units, or click the Units button on the Standardtoolbar. The Units dialog appears.

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2. Open the drop-down list next to a unit category and select the type of unit to use.

3. You can also select to show pressures as absolute or gauge. Then select a suffix to display withpressure units to show whether they are absolute or gauge.

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4. To use your modified unit system set as the default, click Use As Default.

5. Click OK when done.

Saving a unit system

To save a unit system under a different name, or save changes to an existing unit system:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Units, or click the Units button on the Standard toolbar.The Units dialog appears.

2. Click the Save As.... button the Save Unit System As dialog appears.

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3. To create a new, custom unit system, type a new name for the unit system and click OK. The unitsystem is saved using the name selected.

4. To save changes to an existing system, click on a name in the list of systems and click OK. Amessage displays, asking if you want to replace the existing unit system. Click Yes.


Loading a unit system

To load a unit system:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Units, or click the Units button on the Standard toolbar.The Units dialog appears.

2. Click the Load••. button. The Load Unit System dialog appears.

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3. Click on the unit system you want to load.

4. If you select a custom unit system (i.e. not one of the unit systems supplied with pipelinestudio),you can remove it by clicking Delete System button.


1.6 Exercise 1A:

1. Start pipelinestudio using the desktop icon.

2. Open the file: IMy OocumentslMy SimulationsITGNEnOemosIOem01.lgw.

3. Open the "Simulation" menu and choose "Units", or click the "Units" button on the Standardtoolbar

4. Click the "Load.. ." button; the "Load Unit System" dialog appears.

5. From the window "System to Load" select "Metric"

6. In the "Category" column search for "Length" • open the drop-down list (next to the unitcategory) in "Unit to use" and change "km" for "miles"

7. Click the "OK" button to close the "Units" dialog.

8. Go to the "Network View" and double click on any pipe "General" tab or "Pipe Table (input)"Basic" tab and verify that the unit in the configuration is consistent with the selection.

9. Continue the next exercise

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1.7 Exercise 1B:

1. Open the "Simulation" menu and choose "Units", or click the "Units" button on the Standardtoolbar

2. Click the "Load..." button; the "Load Unit System" dialog appears.

3. From the window "System to Load" select "Metric" if most or all of the units that you use are"Metric" or select "English" if most or all of the units that you use are "English" and press the"OK" button.

4. In the "Category" column search for the untt that you need to change (if you use acombination of English and Metric units) and open the drop-down list next to the unitcategory and select the type of "Unit to use".

5. Make all the changes as necessary (length, elevation, pressure, flow etc).

6. Click the "Save As...." button, and use the name "My-Units".

7. Verify that the units in the configuration are consistent with the selection.

8. Start Windows Explorer and create or search for the directory called: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training

9. Save the file as "Dem01_My-Units.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training).

10. Close your configuration file.

Note: During the training session load "My-Units", "English" or "Metric" anytime that you need to verifythe units that you normally use.

1.8 Importing a Keyword file and XML file

When importing a keyword file or XML file, pipelinestudio also imports the units used in the file (from thekeyword file's associated unit system file). This could cause a conflict if a unit with the same namealready exists. The program uses the following approach for each unit category:

1. If there is a unit in the units database with the same name as the unit in the keyword file, the programchecks the conversion factor.

2. If the conversion factor in the keyword file matches that in the program database, nothing furtherneeds to be done.

3. If the conversion factors are different, the program either:

• creates a new unit in the units database with the conversion factor you were using in thekeyword file,

• uses the existing unit conversion factor in the database,

• prompts you for a decision.

Set your options for how to resolve unit conflicts using the Open/Import tab on the Options dialog (openthe Tools menu and choose Options).

NOTE: You can only import keyword files which run without errors through the keyword processor. If thekeyword file uses a user-defined units file, the units file must reside in the same directory as thekeyword file. Otherwise, the import will fail. The procedure used in this scenario will be discussedlater.

NOTE: If there are no X!Y co-ordinates specified in the keyword file which you are importing,pipelinestudio will automatically layout the pipeline network. In this process, the program tries tomake sure that you do not have any overlapping objects or pipes; occasionally this is

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unavoidable, but you can edit the layout after the import operation using the standard networkview tools to resolve any such problems.

Importing a keyword file or XML file

To import a keyword file or xml file:

1. Open the File menu and choose Import. A sub-menu appears, Keyword Flle...and XML file ....

2. If you have both TGNET and TLNET installed, you will see the New dialog. Select whether you wantto import a Gas configuration keyword file, xml file or Liquid configuration keyword file or xml file,then click OK.

The keyword processor will start automatically and process the imported file. When it finishes its run,a network view appears with the imported pipeline network.

3. Save the imported file as a configuration file. Click the Save button on the Standard toolbar; theSave As dialog appears. Navigate to the desired path (drive and directory), then type a new filename. Click OK. The file is saved. The next time, you can open the file directly without having toimport it first.

1.9 Exporting a configuration file as a keyword file and xml file

NOTE: When you export a configuration file, the associated unit system is also exported. The unit systemfile name uses the configuration file name with the extension .key appended to it.

NOTE: It is important (particularly if you are upgrading from older versions of our products) to distinguishbetween keyword files and configuration files. The latter store extra information (for example,data blocks and their positions) which is not exported to the keyword file, as the information is notrequired by the simulator. Furthermore, if you de-select an option such as temperature tracking,pipelinestudio saves time by not exporting certain temperature data that the simulator would notuse.

TIP: Remember that the native format for storing pipeline configuration data is the configuration file,

not the keyword file or xml fife.

To export a configuration file as a keyword file or xml file:

1. Make sure that a network view corresponding to the configuration file is the active window.

2. Open the File menu and choose Export I Keyword File ... or Export I XML File. The Export toKeyword file or Export to XML file dialog appears, make the selection accordingly.

3. NaVigate to the desired path (drive and directory), then type a new file name. An extension of .kws or.xml is added to the file name.

4. Click OK when done. The file is exported.

NOTE: You can set an option to perform a network validation when exporting a keyword file. If you havethis option set when you export a keyword file and errorslwamings are encountered during thevalidation, the export operation is aborted. The Network Validation Results window appears.Correct the errors/Warnings, then re-export the configuration file.

Setting keyword file import/export options

To set import and export options:


2. To set export options, click on the Validation/Export tab. You can select to write comments to thekeyword file and run a network validation before exporting a configuration file as a keyword file.

To set import options, click on the Open/Import tab. You can select how unit conflicts are resolvedwhen opening or importing a keyword file. .



3. Click OK when done. The options are set.

1.10 Exiting PipelineStudio

To exit pipelinestudio:

1. Open the File menu and select Exit.

2. If you have made any changes to your configuration file(s) and/or table, but have not yet saved them,a message displays asking if you want to save changes. Click the Yes button to save, No to exitwithout saving, or Cancel to not exit.

1.11 Exercise 1C:

1. Start pipelinestudio using the desktop icon.

2. Open the file: lMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTGNEnDemoslDemo.tgw .

3. Change the options (Tools menu IGeneral tab) to reload the last document on startup.

4. Save the file as "Demo_Reload.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationsITraining).

5. Close your configuration file and exit pipelinestudio.

6. Start pipellnestudio.

7. Verify that the configuration "Demo_Reload.tgw" will open

1.12 Exercise 10:

1. Save the file "Demo_Reload.tgw" as "DemoJmport_KWS_XML" (in the directory: lMyDocumentslMy SimulationsITraining).

2. Run the Steady State (open the "Simulation" menu and select "Steady-State", or click on the"Steady-State" button on the "Simulation" toolbar) to generate the "KWS" and the "XML" files

3. Open the File menu, go to Import and choose "Keyword File.. ,", (if you have installed Gasand Liquid the dialog will show "TGNET configuration" and "TLNET configuration" if that is thecase select "TGNET configuration") .

4. Navigate to the directory: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining

5. Select the file "Demo_lmport_KWS_XML.kws" and click on the "Open" button

6. pipelinestudio will convert the "kws" file into a graphical configuration file

7. Save the file as "DemoJmport_KWS.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

8. Close the configuration file

9. Open the File menu, go to Import and choose "XML File..."

10. Navigate to the directory: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining

11. Select the file "Demo_lmport_KWS_XML.xml" and click on the "Open" button

12. pipelinestudio will convert the "xml" file into a graphical configuration file

13. Save the file as "Demo_lmport_XML.lgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

14. Close the configuration file


Gas Induction Training-----------------

1.13 Creating a new configuration

To create a new configuration:

• Open the File menu and select New, or click the New button on the Standard toolbar. A blanknetwork view appears. You can now create a pipeline network.

NOTE: If you have both TGNET and TLNET installed, you will see the New dialog. Select whether youwant to create a Gas configuration or Liquid configuration, then click OK.

1.14 Working with configuration templates

Configuration templates are a convenient way of storing commonly used configurations. You can create anew configuration file from an existing template. Similarly you can save an existing configuration as aconfiguration template.

When you work with a configuration template you will have all the functionality available to you that anormal configuration provides, however you can store the template in a given location and it will then beavailable to you whenever you choose New from the File menu or press the New File button.

Creating a new configuration from a template

To create a new configuration:

1. Open the File menu and select New, or click the New button on the Standard toolbar. The NewConfiguration tabbed selection box appears. By default the "Blank" tab will be presented fromwhich you can select an empty Gas (TGNET) configuration.

2. The selected blank configuration is opened either by double clicking the configuration or bypressing the OK button.

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Saving a document as a template configuration file

To save a configuration file as a template you will need to use the Save As functionality.

To save a configuration file as a template:

1. Open the "File" menu and choose "Save As". The "Save As" dialog appears.

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2. Navigate to the path (drive and directory) where you want to save the configuration file.

3. Enter a name for the file.

4. Select the file type as "TGNet Template" from the "Save as type:" select list.

5. Click "Save" when done. The configuration file is saved as a new template using the new name.

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NOTE: The appropriate extension is added to a configuration template file name when you save it:

• TGNetTemplate for a gas configuration template (TGNET)

NOTE: The following ASCII characters should not be used as part of the configuration template file name:Asterisk •

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Semicolon;Double quotes "

You should also avoid using characters from the extended ASCII character set.

Creating a new template configuration file

To create a configuration template file from an existing configuration:

1. Open an existing configuration file2. Use the procedure for saving a document as a configuration template detailed above.

To create a configuration template file from an existing configuration template:

1. Use File INew to open an existing configuration2. Use the procedure for saving a document as a configuration template detailed above.

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Making your template configuration file appear in the New File tabbed dialog box

The template configurations that appear in the various tabs in the New File dialog box do so by virtue oftheir location on the computers hard disk drive.

The gas configuration template directories are sub-folders of My SimulationslTemplateslTGNET. Thename of the tab in the New File dialog box will be the name of the sub-folder pre-pended by TGNET.

Any template configuration placed in a template directory will appear in the selection box when therelevant tab is selected.

There is a limit of 16 tabs on the New File dialog box.

To create a new template and have it appear in the New File dialog box you will need to save it as aconfiguration template in one of the configuration template directories.

1.15 Exercise 1E:

1. Start pipelinestudio and open the "File" menu and choose "New" or click on "New" button onthe "Standard" toolbar

2. In the "New Configuration" dialog, go to the "TGNET (Imperial) tab, select "MediumPressure"template and press the "OK" button.

3. Go to the "File" menu and choose "Save As"

4. From the "Save As" dialog select the "Save as type" = "TGNet Template" and nlilvigate to thepath: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationsITemplatesITGNETI(lmperial)

5. In "File name" use the name "MediumPressure-2.TGNetTemplate" and click on the "save"button.

6. Close the new template.

7. Open the "File" menu and choose "New" or click on "New" button on the "Standard" toolbar

8. In the "New Configuration" dialog, go to the "TGNET (Imperial)" tab and verify that the newtemplate "MediumPressure-2" is available

1.16 Exercise 1F:

1. Using Windows Explorer navigate to the path: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTemplateslTGNETI

2. Create the directory (My Templates)

3. Open the template "MediumPressure-2.TGNetTemplate"

4. From the "Save As" dialog select the "Save as type" = "TGNet Template" and navigate to thepath: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTemplateslTGNETI(My Templates)

5. Use the name MediumPressure-2.TGNetTemplate

6. Open the "File" menu and choose "New" or click on "New" button on the "Standard" toolbar

7. In the "New Configuration" dialog, go to the "TGNET (My Templates)" tab and verify that thenew template "MediumPressure-2" is available

1.17 Adding a network element or pipe

To add a network element to a network view:

._~-----------

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1. Click on the desired network element button on the Drawing toolbar.

2. Move the cursor onto the network view to where you want to place the element. If you are adding asingle-node element, the tip of the cursor indicates where the node will be drawn. If you are adding adual-node element, the tip indicates where the leftmost node will be drawn.

TIP: You can set a distance that helps when connecting nodes; if nodes are placed closer than theindicated distance, they are automatically "glued" (or joined) together. Connected nodes aredifferent in color from unconnected nodes.

3. Click to place the network element (using a default length). Click and drag to place the element andstretch it to a new length and direction.

NOTE: The length of a pipe shown in a network view is not "to scale" and does not correspond in anyway to the value of the length property for that pipe.

4. To place another network element of the same type, repeat steps 2-3.

5. For dual-node network elements: You can add a network element in parallel with another networkelement (they can be of the same or different types). Switch to the desired drawing tool, then click onthe upstream node of the first network element. Repeat this step to add additional network elementsin parallel. For pipes: You can add a pipe in parallel with another pipe. Make sure the pipe drawingtool is selected, then click on the upstream node of the first pipe.

NOTE: You should not connect a pipe and a network element in parallel (that is, they should not beattached to the same upstream and downstream node). A pipe and an equipment device can beconnected to the same upstream or downstream node but not both.

TIP: You can use the Splay function to spread out parallel pipes or network elements in a networkco

view. Select a network element or pipe, then click the Splay button. ~ An option is to open theEdit menu and choose Splay.

If you have a network with parallel pipes or network elements that are already splayed out, youcan collapse them (superimpose them) by select (one of) them, and then click the Un-Splay

button. 'r An option is to open the Edit Menu and choose Un-Splay.

6. When done placing network elements, click the Cursor button on the Drawing toolbar. Or, right-clickto display a pop-up menu; choose Select Pointer tool.

TIP: The Format Painter is an extremely useful tool that allows you to set the style and/or propertiesfor a network element, pipe, or data block, then apply the style/properties to other objects of thesame type.

1.18 Copying a network section

If your pipeline network has similar sections that are used, create the first section by adding thenecessary network elements. Then follow the procedure below.

To copy a network section:

1. Select the objects that you want to include in the section.

2. Hold down the Ctrl and Shift keys at the same time and drag the selected objects to a new position. Acopy of all selected objects is created and the originals are left in place. Release the mouse buttonwhen done.

TIP: This technique copies all the properties associated with the selected objects. This is useful forcreating portions of a network which have similar layout and properties. However, you can stillmodify the properties of the duplicated objects as necessary. .

pipelinestudio01-13 energysolutions?


1.19 Building a pipeline network

You have a variety of drawing tools and related functions to help you build a graphical representation of apipeline network using a network view.

TIP: In a network view, you can display a pop-up menu with either object-related functions or networkview-related functions on it. Right-click on an object, or in any area of the network view. Thefunctions available on the menu depend on what you select (a network element, a data block, adata item, a blank area of the network view, etc.).

• Add network elements (such as supplies, pumps/compressors, valves, etc.) and pipes to a pipelinenetwork using drawing tools. Different draWing tools are available, based on whether you are creatinga gas configuration or a liquid configuration.

NOTE: You must have licensed and installed both TGNET and TLNET in order to create both gas andliquid configurations.

• Some of the functions will require you to select objects before you can work with them. You canselect objects using a variety of ways.

• Use Zoom or Pan to change the view.

• Use Grid and Snap functions to help you align and place objects.

• Set a color scheme for displaying objects in the pipeline network.

• Use the Flip and Rotate functions to create a mirror image of an object or change the orientation ofan object.

• Drag selected objects to a new position in a network view.

• Press the arrow keys on your keyboard to "nudge", or slightly move, selected objects.

• If the pipeline network you laid out is too crowded, use the Layout Configuration (under the Viewmenu) to let pipelinestudio automatically change the layout an existing pipeline network. All nodeXN values will automatically be recalculated and set to an optimum spacing.

NOTE: You should use this option with care, since all XN values are re-set automatically.

• You can resize objects as required.

• Insert other objects, such as graphics, spreadsheets, etc. You can also place an object on thebackground, so you can draw a pipeline network on top of the object.

TIP: You can display a pop-up menu with object-related functions on it. Right-elick on an object. Thefunctions available on the menu depend on the type of object you select.

• You can remove objects from a network view.

• You can change the layout of a network element or pipe in order to produce a clean drawing. You canview and use graphical nodes to accomplish this. They allow you to drag straight lines to differentangles.

NOTE: Graphical nodes DO NOT CREATE bends in the pipeline network, and they do not affect asimulation. They are only useful for creating a clean drawing.

• Set a distance that helps when connecting nodes; if nodes are placed closer than the indicateddistance, they are automatically "glued" (or joined) together. Connected nodes are different in colorfrom unconnected nodes.

• You can disconnect nodes by selecting an network element or pipe then opening the Edit menu andchoosing Disconnect Right or Disconnect Left (to disconnect the right node or the left node for adual node network element or pipe; for a single node network element, either Disconnect will work).

• You can change the orientation of dual-node network elements or pipes. This switches the upstreamnode to become the downstream node and vice versa. Select the network element or pipe, then openthe Edit menu and choose Reverse Orientation.

• Create data blocks to annotate your pipeline network.

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• The Format Painter is an extremely useful tool that allows you to set the style and/or properties for anetwork element, pipe, or data block, then apply the style/properties to other objects of the sametype.

• Use the View menu to show or hide objects such as nodes, flow arrows, a legend, etc.

NOTE: Flow arrows are not displayed until after you run a simulation.

• You can also set Network View Properties that affect the network view.

1.20 Locking a drawing

You can use Lock Drawing on the Drawing Tools toolbar to prevent any changes from being made to anetwork view. You can edit properties of objects, but you cannot move them. The Drawing toolbar andDrawing Tools toolbar are also disabled, so you cannot add or work with objects. Click Lock Drawingagain to unlock the drawing.

1.21 Pipeline network objects

The above figure shows the icons for the main types of objects used to create a gas pipeline network.The left to right description for each icon is:

• Pipes

• Network elements

• Compressors

• Generic• Centrifugal• Reciprocating

• Banks• Valves

• Block Valve• Check Valve

• RegUlator Valve• External Regulators

• Supply

• Delivery• Fuel Delivery• Energy Delivery

• Leak Delivery• Storage Elements

• Reservoir

• Fixed Volume

• Resistance elements

• Coolers• Heaters

.. _.." .._,,-------------------------------



1.22 Working with Grid and Snap

Showing/hiding a grid

To display or hide a grid:

• Click the Grid button on the Drawing Tools toolbar (or open the View menu and select Grid).

NOTE: You can change the color of the grid by choosing View/Properties. The NetwOrk ViewProperties dialog appears. Use the Coloring tab to set a new color.

Selecting grid settings

To modify grid settings:

1. Open the Edit menu and select Grid Spacing.... The Grid dialog appears.

2. Make your changes.


Turning snap on/off

To turn snap on or off:

• Click the Snap button on the Drawing Tools toolbar (or open the View menu and select Snap).

1.23 Zooming and panning

While working with a network view, you can zoom or pan to change the viewing area:

• Use the zoom functions on the Zoom toolbar to enlarge or decrease the viewing area of a networkview. Click Zoom In to enlarge the view (or press the + key on the number keypad). Click Zoom Outto decrease the view (or press the - key on the number keypad). If you have an object selected whenyou use Zoom In or Zoom Out, the object is used as the centerpoint of the zoom. Click Zoom toRectangle to drag open a bounding box to indicate the area you want to zoom in on; click thePushPin button to use Zoom to Rectangle repeatedly (until you select another toolbar button). ClickShow Entire Network/Chart to zoom the view so that you can see the entire pipeline network.

TIP: If you are zooming to a network view, data blocks and labels can "disappear". This is because thetext point size is too small for pipelinestudio to draw. However, if you zoom in again, data blocksand labels appear again.

NOTE: You can set the zoom-scaling amount on General tab of the Network View Properties dialog(open the View menu and choose Properties). The procedure for setting Network ViewProperties is explained in a different topic.

• Use Pan on the Zoom toolbar to change the area displayed on a network view; it allows you to scrolla network view both horizontally and vertically at the same time. No zooming is done. Click on thePushPin button to keep Pan enabled after you release the mouse button; click on it again when donepanning.

NOTE: These tools are also available from the View menu.

TIP: You can also use Zoom Out, Zoom to Rectangle, and Show Entire Network/Chart with a chartview.

1.24 Sizing objects

When building a pipeline network, you can resize objects as necessary.

To resize an object:

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1. Select an object or objects.

2. Click the Resize button on the Drawing Tools toolbar, or open the Edit menu and choose Resize. Abounding box appears around the object(s), with a handle on each side and corner.

3. To change an object's graphical width or length, click a handle on a side and drag it to a new position.

To change an object's width and length, click a handle on a corner and drag it to a new position.

1.25 Flipping and rotating objects

When building a pipeline network, you might need to change the orientation of objects to help layout thenetwork properly and produce a clean drawing.

NOTE: Flip and Rotate have no effect on which node of a network element or pipe is the upstream nodeand which is the downstream node.

Flipping an object

To flip an object (reflect it horizontally or vertically along its centre line, like a mirror image):

1. In a network view, click on the object you want to flip.

2. Click the Flip Horizontal or Flip Vertical button on the Drawing Tools toolbar.

Or, you can open the Edit menu and select Flip/Rotate. The Flip or Rotate dialog displays. Selectthe desired option then click OK.

1.26 Rotating an object

To rotate an object (move it around its centerpoint):

1. In a network view, click on the object you want to rotate.

2. Click the Rotate left or Rotate right button on the Drawing Tools toolbar. The Rotate Left orRotate Right dialog displays.

Or, you can open the Edit menu and select Flip/Rotate. The Flip or Rotate dialog displays.

4. Enter the number of degrees of rotation, then click OK.

1.27 Moving an object

You can move any object in a network view, including network elements, data blocks, and insertedobjects.

TIP: Before moving objects, you might want to turn on grid and snap.

When drawing a pipeline network, or as you move objects, you might need to change the layout of anetwork element or pipe in order to produce a clean drawing. You can use graphical nodes to accomplishthis. They allow you to drag straight lines to different angles.


Moving objects

To move objects:

1. Select the object(s).

2. Drag the object(s) to a new position and release the mouse button. If you are moving networkelements/pipes connected to other network elements/pipes, the connection is maintained. Theselected network elements/pipes move, while the unselected ones remain anchored in place.However, the unselected ones can change their orientation and have their graphical length increased,



based on where you move the selected network elements/pipes. If a network element/pipe has anassociated data block which is not selected, whether the data block moves with it depends on thedata block system settings.

3. If you hold down the Gtrl and Shift keys before starting to drag objects, a copy of all selected objectsill created and the originals are left in place. This is useful for quickly duplicating similar sections of apipeline network. You can then modify the properties of the duplicated objects as necessary.

Using NUdge

When moving objects, you can use the Nudge functions (Coarse moves objects a larger number of pixelsthan Fine does):

Coarse: select an object, then press any arrow key to move the object that direction by a set numberof pixels.

Fine: hold down the Gtrl key, then press any arrow key to move the object that direction by a setnumber of pixels. .

NOTE: You can set the number of pixels to use with Coarse and Fine on the General tab of theNetwork View Properties dialog.

1.28 Disconnecting nodes

To disconnect a node:

1. Select the network element or pipe you want to disconnect.

2. Open the Edit menu and choose Disconnect Right or Disconnect Left (to disconnect the right nodeor the left node for a dual node network element or pipe; for a single node network element, eitherDisconnect will work).

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1.29 Exercise 1G:

1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationsITGNET\DemosIDemo.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Demo_Edit_Config.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

3. Open the "View" menu and select "Lock DraWing", or click the "Lock DraWing" bullon onthe "Drawing Tools" toolbar to unlock the drawing

4. Save the configuration.

5. Select the whole network and use the edit tools to rotate the network 90 Degrees to the right

6. Flip the whole network vertically.

7. Flip the whole network horizontally.

8. Rotate the network 90 Degrees to the left

9. Close the configuration without saving these changes.

10. Re-open the configuration "Demo_Edit_Config.tgw"

11. Toggle the grid and snap to grid on/off. Try moving devices or nodes around in yourconfiguration. Observe the differences between the two.

12. Try the different zoom bullons to zoom to a specific part of the configuration. Zoom back tothe entire network.

13. Disconnect the compressor "NEED" and add (In series) a second generic compressordownstream of the compressor "NEED".

14. Save the changes and close the file.

1.30 About graphical nodes

When draWing a pipeline network, or as you move objects, you might need to change the layout of anetwork element or pipe in order to produce a clean drawing. You can use graphical nodes to accomplishthis. They allow you to drag straight lines to different angles.

There are two graphical nodes on each end of a network element or pipe. The graphical nodes are placednear the actual node(s) for the network element/pipe. When a network element or pipe is selected andgraphical nodes are being displayed, the graphical nodes are displayed in a different color (usually cyan)than actual nodes.

NOTE: Graphical nodes do not create bends in the simulated pipeline networik, that is, they do notaffect a simulation. They are only useful for creating a clean drawing.

1.31 Working with graphical nodes

When drawing a pipeline network, or as you move objects, you might need to change the layout of anetwork element or pipe in order to produce a clean drawing. You can use graphical nodes to accomplishthis. They allow you to drag straight lines to different angles.

There are two graphical nodes on each end of a network element or pipe. The graphical nodes are placednear the actual node(s) for the network element/pipe. They are a different color from an actual node.


Viewing graphical nodes in a network view

To show/hide graphical nodes:

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• Open the View menu and choose Graphical Nodes. This is a toggle menu choice, which shows orhides Graphical Nodes.

Adding angles to a network element or pipe

To use a graphical node to add an angle:

1. Make sure graphical nodes are displayed in a network view.

2. Select an object.

3. Click on a graphical node and drag it to a new position.

4. Release the mouse button.

1.32 Running a steady-state simulation

To run a steady-state simulation:

1. Make sure any window for the desired configuration is the active window.

2. Save your configuration.

3. Click the Steady-State button on the Simulation toolbar, or open the Simulation menu and chooseSteady State.

The keyword processor runs, appearing in a separate window. Then, the simulation engine runs (alsoin a separate window). Once the simulator has finished running, the simulation data results areloaded into pipelinestudio and the configuration file is saved.

You can now view the Keyword Processor Report and the Steady-State Report (open the View menuand choose Output), or view output data using a table view (open the Table menu and chooseOutput Tables).

1.33 Running a transient simulation

Before running a transient simulation, you must first run a steady-state simulation to get a set of initialvalues to use. Next, check that the desired simulation options for a transient simulation are set. Then, youmust create and save a transient scenario.

NOTE: If you have changed any configuration properties that affect the physical layout of the pipelinenetwork or fluids (basically, anything other than setpointslconstraints, report options, trendselection or the transient scenario), you must re-run the steady-state simulation.

To run a transient simulation:



3. Click the Transient button on the Simulation toolbar, or open the Simulation menu and chooseTransient.

The keyword processor runs, appearing in a separate window. Then, the simulation engine runs (alsoin a separate window). Once the simulator has finished running, the simulation data results areloaded into pipelinestudio and the configuration file is saved.

Along with the Keyword Processor Report and the Steady-State report, you can now view theTransient Report and the Trend Report (open the View menu and choose Output), or view outputdata using a table view (open the Table menu and choose Output Tables). You can also createcharts for profiles and trend plots. The procedures for viewing output, creating charts, and workingwith trend plots are explained in different topics.

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1.34 Viewing output report

After running a simulation, you can view the output reports that are generated. You can also view otherrelated files.

NOTE: You can also view output data for nodes, pipes, and network elements using a table view.

Viewing an output report

To view an output report:

1. Open the View menu and highlight Output. A sub-menu appears, listing a variety of reports.

2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose the report you want to view. The report is displayed in anew window.

3. You can scroll to view the contents of the report.

4. You can also copy text from the report and paste it into a word processing program.

6. Use the Find function to locate specific text in the report. Click the Find button on the Text Viewertoolbar, or open the Edit menu and choose Find •...

Set any Find options and type the text you want to locate. Click Find Next to find the first occurrenceof the text in the report. The starting position of Find is based on where the insertion point is locatedin the report; the search starts from that point on.

To run Find again, press the F3 key or click the Find Next button on the Find dialog.

7. To print a report, make sure that it is the active window. Click the Print button on the Standardtoolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print. Your standard printer dialog appears. Complete theprinter dialog and click OK. The report is printed.

8. To close the report window, click its close button.

Viewing other files

1. Open the View menu and choose Other File.... The Open dialog appears.

2. Navigate to the desired path (drive and directory).

3. Locate the file and double-click on it. The file is displayed in a new window.

1.35 Exercise 1H:

1. Open the file: \My DocumentslMy SimulationslTGNETlDemoslDemo.tgw

2. Save the file as 'Demo_SS_TS_Report.tgw" (in the directory: IMy Documents\MySimulationslTraining)

3. Run a steady state simulation of this file.

4. View the keyword output report. What kind of information is contained in this report?

5. View the steady state output report.

6. Run a transient simulation of this file.

7. View the transient output report.

8. View the trend output file

9. Close file.

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GQS Induction Training

1.36 Other Related Tips:

• The + and - keys are a quick way of zooming the Network View in or oul.

• The Page Up and Page Down keys are a quick way of scrolling the Network View. If you hold downthe SHIFT key at the same time, the keys will scroll left and right instead of up and down.

• You can import a TGNET 7.0 or TGNET 5.5 keyword file by choosing Import from the File menu. TheGraphical Configurator will automatically graphically lay out the configuration for you.

• In order to avoid having labels overlap a device, use the snap to grid to align your device so that it ishorizontal. This will position the label below the device.

• You can open two documents (configurations) at once.

• You can move the selected objects in a network view by using the arrow keys.

• If you have a Microsoft IntelliMouse (TM), you can use the wheel to scroll the Network View. If youhold down the CONTROL key and move the wheel, the Network View will zoom in or oul.

• You can toggle the Network View grid on and off by choosing Grid from the View menu or clicking thegrid toolbar button.

• The grid on the Network View disappears automatically if you zoom out so far that the grid would betoo fine to be of use.

• You can customize the layout of the toolbars by dragging the toolbar buttons to any of the four sidesof the main window. Click inside the toolbar (not over one of the buttons) and drag the toolbar to thenew location.

• You can drag one or more ".tgw" (TGNET) files from Explorer or the Windows desktop onto theGraphical Configurator.

• From Explorer or the Windows desktop, you can double-click a ".tgw" (TGNET) file that you havesaved and the Graphical Configurator will start and load that file. You can switch to full screen modeby choosing Full Screen from the View menu. Press the ESCAPE key or click on the toolbar whichpops up to return to the normal display.

• You can quickly generate a loop for a pipe by holding down the CONTROL and SHIFT keys togetherand clicking once on the pipe.

• You can move the selected objects in a network view one pixel at a time if you hold down theCONTROL key while you press an arrow key.

• You can copy the selected items in a network view by holding down the CONTROL and SHIFT keystogether and dragging the selection with the mouse.

• You can create a new Network View window which displays a zoomed-in part of your network bychoosing the Zoom to Rectangle tool and holding down the CONTROL key while you choose therectangle to zoom to.

• Before placing a network element, you might want to turn on grid and snap. You can also set otherview options or use zoom/pan. The procedures for using grid and snap, setting view options, andzooming/panning are explained in different topics.

pipelinesludio.. 1-22 energysolutions?

Lab 2


PipelineStudio Input


The purpose of this lab is to introduce you to the different ways of inputting data.


• View device and device details;• Use a simplified or compositional fluid;• Work with user qualities;• View and modify input and output table data;• Set up a set of user defined tables;• Change and add new units;• Open the property view;• Gas flow equations• Using compressors

2.1 Working with network views

pipeJinestudio provides various tools and options for working with a network view.

TIP: You can display a pop-up menu with network view-related functions on it. Right-elick in a blankarea of the network view.

NOTE: pipelinestudio supports Microsoft IntelliMouse'" functions. The procedure for using anIntelliMouse is explained in a different topic.

Scrolling a network view

• As you scroll a network view, a pop-up box displays the X or Y co-ordinate.

Creating a new network view window

• Open the View menu and choose Network View. A new network view appears.

• Make sure a network view is the active window. Click Zoom Rectangle on the Zoom toolbar. Holddown the Ctrl key while dragging open a bounding box to enclose the desired area of the pipelinenetwork.

• Make sure a network view is the active window. Choose New Window from the Window menu.

2.2 Working with nodes

Nodes are part of network elements and pipes where a connection can be established to another networkelement/pipe. Since they do not exist independently from a network element or pipe, you are limited in theways you can work with them.

However, you can set an option on how nodes are joined together. You can enter a distance thatautomatically "glues" (or joins) together nodes if they are placed closer together than the indicateddistance.

You can choose to show or hide nodes on a network view, or you can also disconnect nodes.

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TIP: In a network view, connected nodes for a selected object are a different color from unconnectednodes.

NOTE: Gas. You can also set properties such as Elevation, and Imposed Temperature/Pressure.Double-click on a node to view the Details for Node dialog.

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2.3 Setting a node "glue" distance

To set a node glue distance:

1. Open the View menu and choose Properties. The Network View Properties dialogappears.

2. Type a value to indicate the number of pixels to use as the node "glue" distance, or use theup/down arrows to change the value.


Viewing nodes

To view nodes:

.. Open the View menu and choose Nodes. This is a toggle menu choice which shows or hides Nodes.

2.4 Editing an object's properties

As you build a pipeline network, you can enter and modify properties for all types of objects: networkelements, nodes, pipes, data blocks, etc.

You can modify an object's properties using one of the following:

• the object's corresponding dialog,

• a table view, or

• the Property View.

Which you use is a matter of preference. Each way allows you access to the same properties; theproperties are just presented in different formats:

Name Format

Details dialog A Windows-standard dialog, with properties organized as fields on tabs; a dialogcan have one or more tabs.

Table view Spreadsheet-style, with network elements organized as rows and propertiesorganized as columns.

pipelinestudio~ 2-2 energyso/utions?

Property View


Table-like, except properties are organized as a column with correspondingvalues and units columns.

Using a Details dialog

TIP: You can display a pop-up menu with dialog-related functions on it. Right-click in a field of thedialog.

TIP: The Fonnat Painter is an extremely useful tool that allows you to set the style and/or propertiesfor a network element, pipe, or data block, then apply the style/properties to other objects of thesame type.

To edit properties for an object using a dialog:

1. In a network view, double-click on a network element. In a table view, right-click on any cell in theobject's row; a pop-up menu appears from which you can select Properties. In the Property View,make sure you have an object selected (either by clicking on a network element in a network view orby clicking on an object in a table view). Then, right-click on any cell; a pop-up menu appears fromwhich you can select Object Properties. The relevant Details dialog displays.

2. Make your changes to the properties.


2.5 Exercise 2A:

1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTGNETlDemoslDem01.tgw

2. Save the file as "Dem01_Generic_Comp.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

3. Select the pipe "PIPE1" and disconnect the right side (upstream of the regUlator "REG1")

4. From the drawing network elements select a "Generic Compressor" and connect it between the"PIPE1" and the regulator "REG1"

5. Double-click on the supply "SUPPLY" to generate the dialog box. Update the followinginformation:

• Fluid Temperature = 80 OF• Max Pressure =615 psig• Check Valve = Yes

6. Double-click on the compressor to generate a dialog box. Add the following information:• Adiabatic Efficiency = 90%• ConstraintslSetpoints

• Max Down Pressure = 1000 psig

7. Double-click on each delivery to generate a dialog box. Add the following information:• Max Flow = 110 MMSCFD• Mode = "Max Flow"

8. Double-click on the regulator to generate a dialog box. Update the following information:• Down Max Pressure = 525 psig

9. Run Steady State and review the results

10. Close your configuration file.

2.6 Working with network validation

You can validate a pipeline network configuration before running a simulation. You can also set networkvalidation options.



Setting network validation options

To set network validation options:


2. Click on the Validation/Export tab.

3. To set pipelinestudio to automatically validate a network when you export a keyword file, click thecorresponding checkbox.

4. To set a maximum number of warnings and errors that can occur before the validation process isautomatically interrupted, enter values for Stop after this many wamings and Stop after this manyerrors.

5. Click OK. The Options dialog closes and the validation options are set.

Validating a network

To validate a network:

• Click the Validate Network button on the Simulation toolbar or choose SimulationNalidateNetwork. The network validation is run and the Network Validation Results window appears. If thevalidation process encounters more than the maximum number of errors or warnings, then theprocess halts.

Correcting warnings and errors

To fix warnings and errors:

1. After running Validate Network, the Network Validation Results window appears listing errors andwarnings. If an errorlwarning message has Fix... next to it, click on it to correct the error or warning.The relevant dialog or window appears.

NOTE: Not every error/warning message will have Fix... next to it; some errorslwarnings are morecomplicated to correct. However, the message will at least indicate the general condition.

2. For missing required data, the insertion point will be placed in the relevant field on a dialog. Enter thenecessary data and click OK when done. For errors or warnings that can be fixed using a networkview, pipe/inestudio zooms and selects the corresponding network element or pipe.

TIP: You might want to correct an error, then validate the network again (from the Network ValidationResults window, press the F5 key) and check that the error was corrected before fiXing the nexterror.

2.7 Working with table views

Table views are an easy way to enter, view, and modify data in pipelinestudio. Tables are especiallyuseful if you want to modify data "globally" for all objects of one type. You can open a table view, enter orchange data, then close the table view. You can change table view attributes by inserting sheets,columns, rows, etc.

You can also create a new, custom table using the New Table Wizard. The procedure for using the NewTable Wizard is explained in a different topic.

Opening a table view

1. Open the Table menu and choose Input or Output. A sub-menu appears, listing various table views.

2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose the desired table view. The table view appears.

TIP: An option is to select a table from the most recently opened table list at the bottom of the Tablemenu. You can set how many tables are listed using the General tab of the Options dialog (openTools and choose Options).



To open custom table views added to the Table menu:

1. Open the Table menu and choose User-Deflned. A sub-menu appears, listing custom table views.

2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose the desired custom table view. The table view appears.

Navigating a table view

You can move around a table view in various ways:

.. You might need to scroll left/right or Up/down to view all the columns on a sheet. You can also usethe up, down, left, or right arrow keys to move around in the cells of a sheet (up/down to move fromrow to row, or left/right to move from column to column). The highlight box, a thick-line border,appears around the selected cell. As you scroll, the Name column remains in place while all othercolumns in the sheet scroll.

.. Pressing the Enter or Tab key moves the highlight box one cell to the right across a row, whileholding down the Shift key and pressing the Tab key moves the highlight box one cell to the left. Ifyou are at the end of a row on the right side of the table, pressing the Enter or Tab key moves thehighlight to the leftmost cell of the next row; the opposite is true if you are using Shift + Tab.

.. To select a sheet, click on it.

.. To scroll through the list of tabs corresponding to the sheets, click the Next or Previous button. Tomove to the first tab or last tab, click the First or Last button. You can then select the desired tab.

NOTE: pipelinestudio supports Microsoft IntelliMouseTN functions, which you can use for navigating atable view. The procedure for using an IntelliMouse is explained in a different topic.

Adding, editing, and deleting data

You can work with data in a sheet using various ways:

.. You can use a table to create new objects that do not have an XN value on a network view (fluid,curve data, etc.).

.. To enter an alphanumeric or numeric.value, move the highlight box to the desired cell. Type a value.

.. To edit an alphanumeric or numeric value, click on the existing value. You can use the left and rightarrow keys to move around in the column, or the Del/Backspace key to remove data.

.. To change a value in a field with a drop-down list, click on the field to display a drop down arrow.Click on the arrow to display a list of choices. Then, click on your choice from the list.

.. To accept the value you entered and move to another cell, press the Enter key, Tab, Shift-Tab, or anyarrow key.

.. To insert a new row on a table, select the Name cell of the New row and press the spacebar.Alternatively, you can open the Insert menu and choose Row. The Rename dialog appears. Type aname and click OK. A row is added using the name you entered.

.. To display the corresponding Details dialog for an object, double-click on the object's name (on theleft side of the sheet).

.. You can use Set To and Set To Initial to locate and change values. The procedure for using Set Toand Set To Initial is explained in a different topic.

.. You can copy values from a spreadsheet or a document into the table. After copying the desiredvalues from the spreadsheet/document, switch back to pipelinestudio. Make sure the desired tableand corresponding sheet are selected, then select the range of cells for which you want to replacetheir values using the copied values. Click the mouse on a starting cell and holding down the mousekey while dragging a highlight over the desired cells. Open the Edit menu and choose Paste.



• You can paste values from pipelinestudio into a spreadsheet or a document. Select a range of cells,then open the Edit menu and choose Copy. Switch to the other application; you can then paste thedata from pipelinestudio.

• You can enter data in the Initial row - this data is used as default data whenever a new object (of thetype displayed in the table) is created. The Name cell of the Initial row is also used as part of thedefault naming convention. The procedure for naming and renaming objects is explained in a differenttopic.

• You can use Find and Replace functions to search for and replace text. The procedure for usingFind and Replace is explained in a different topic.

• You can sort a sheet using one or more columns. To sort using one column, double-click on thecolumn heading. To sort using one or more columns, open the Tools menu and choose Sort.... TheSort dialog appears. You can sort using up to three columns.

• To select a sheet, click on the blank grey box in the upper left comer of the sheet. Alternatively, openthe Edit menu and choose Select All. To select all sheets in a table view, open the Edit menu andchoose Sheet. A sub-menu appears, listing various sheet functions. Slide the cursor to the submenu, and choose Select All Sheets.

• To select a row, click on its name (on the left side of the sheet).

• To select a column, click on it's heading.

Saving a table view

You can save a table view using its existing name or under a new name (Save As...).

NOTE: Saving a table view saves the structure of the table, not the data contained in the table. The datacontained in the table is saved in the same way as other data (when you choose Save on the Filemenu).

NOTE: All table views add an extension of .tgt for TGNET (Gas) tables

• If you changed the table structure, open the Table menu and choose Save.

• To save a table using a new name, open the Table menu and choose Save As.... The Save Asdialog appears. Navigate to the desired path (drive and directory), then type a new name in the FileName field. Click the Save button.

Exporting table data

You can export table data as an ASCII text-based tab delimited file. To export a table:

1. Make sure the desired table view is the active window.

2. Open the Table menu and choose Export Sheet••.. The Save As dialog appears.


4. Type a new file name.

5. Click OK. The file is saved.

Closing a table view

• Click the close button for the table's window, or open the Table menu and choose Close.

NOTE: If you changed the structure of a table (by adding a column, etc.), you are asked if you want tosave the table structure when you close the table view. If you click Yes, the table structure issaved so you can use it the next time you run pipelinestudio. The table structure IS NOT storedin the configuration file. However, any data in the table is written to the configuration file.

Changing table and sheet attributes

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• Using the Insert Sheet Wizard, you can insert a sheet and select the columns to include. Theprocedure for using the Insert Sheet Wizard is explained in a different topic.

• To delete one or more rows, select the row(s) then press the Delete key. A message asks if you wantto delete the row(s). Click Yes. If the object was a network element or pipe, pipelinestudio deletesthe corresponding object(s) from the network view. You cannot delete nodes.

• To delete a column, right-click on the column heading. A pop-up menu appears. Choose DeleteColumns. A message asks if you want to delete the columns(s). Click Yes. (To delete more than onecolumn, select the columns then right-{;lick anywhere inside the selected columns.)

NOTE: If you remove a column, you can add the column back to the sheet using the Insert Columnfunction.

• To change the width of a column (and the amount of information you can see for the column), placeyour cursor on the right edge of the column label. The cursor changes to a left/right arrow pointer.Click and drag the pointer to the left to decrease the width of the column or to the right to increase it.

• To automatically size column widths 50 that the column is slightly wider than the longest text string init, select the column(s). Then, open the Tools menu and choose Auto Fit.

• To change the height of a row, place your cursor on the bottom edge of the row label. The cursorchanges to an up/down arrow pointer. Click and drag the pointer up to decrease the height of the rowor down to increase it.

• To change the order in which columns are displayed, select a column. Then, click on the columnheading and drag the column to a new position in the table and release the mouse button. Thecolumn is moved.

NOTE: You cannot move the Name column or place another column before it.

• To insert one or more columns into a table, open the insert menu and choose Columns.•.. TheInsert Column(s) dialog appears. Columns that are not used in a sheet are listed. Click on the onesyou want to insert and click OK.

• To change the order that sheets are displayed in a table view, select the sheet you want to move.Then, open the Edit menu and choose Sheet. A sub-menu appears, listing various sheet functions.Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose Move.... The Move Sheet dialog appears, listing allsheets in the table view. Select the sheet before which you want to place the current sheet. Click OK.

• To delete a sheet, select the sheet. Then, open the Edit menu and choose Sheet. A sub-menuappears, listing various sheet functions. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose Delete.... Amessage displays, asking if you want to delete the sheet. Click Yes.

• To rename a sheet, select the sheet. Then, open the Edit menu and choose Sheet. A sub-menuappears, listing various sheet functions. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose Rename....The Rename Sheet dialog appears. Type a new name and click OK.

Printing a table view

You can set page setup options (which affect how a sheet or table appear when printed), enterheaderifooter information to print with a sheet or table, and print a table. The procedures for modifyingpage setup options and entering header information/printing a table view are explained in different topics.

Setting table options

You can set options for a table view using the Options dialog (open the Tools menu and chooseOptions... ). The procedure for selling options is explained in a different topic.

Adding custom table views to the Table menu

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You can add custom tables to the Tabl. menu, so you can qUickly open them.

1. Open the Tabl. menu and choose U.er-DefJned. A sub-menu appears. Slide the cursor to the submenu, and choose Customlz..... The Customize Us.r-Defln.d Tabl. M.nu dialog appears.

2. To add a custom table view to the menu, click the Add button. The Brows. dialog appears. Navigateto the desired path (drive and directory), then double-click on the custom table view file you want toadd. Its name is added to the U••r Defin.d Tables list.

3. To remove a file from the menu, click on it in the Us.r D.flned Tables list and click Remove.

4. To change the order of a file in the menu list, click on it in the User Defined Tables list and clickMov. Down or Move Up.


2.8 Using the New Table Wizard

You can use the New Tabl. Wizard to easily add a new table with one sheet. You can use the wizard tocreate custom tables, which only display the data you frequently enter or require.

TIP: You can use the Ins.rt Sh.et Wizard to add additional sheets to an existing table, or InsertColumn(s) to add new columns to a sheet. The procedures for using the Insert Sheet Wizardand Insert Column(s) are explained in different topics.

Adding a table using the New Table Wizard

To add a table:

1. Open the Table menu and choose New. The New Table Wizard Step 1 of 2 dialog appears.

2. Enter a name for the table and its sheet.

3. Select the type of sheet you want to add.

4. Click the N.xt button. The New Table Wizard Step 2 of 2 dialog appears.

5. Select the items you want to display in the sh.et. You can rearrange the order that items aredisplayed by dragging an item to a new position in the list. However, the Nam. item should alwaysappear at the top of the list.

6. Click the Finish button. The N.w Table Wizard closes and the table appears in a new window.

2.9 Using the Insert Sheet Wizard

You can use the Insert Sh.et Wizard to add additional sheets to an eXisting table.

Adding a sheet to an existing table using the Insert Sheet Wizard:

To add a sheet:

1. Make sure that a table view is the active window.

2. Open the Insert menu and choose Sh.et. The Insert Sheet Wizard Step 1 of 2 dialog appears.

3. Enter a name for the sheet and select the type of sheet you want to add.

4. Click the Next button. The In.ert Sheet Wizard Step 2 of 2 dialog appears.

5. Select the items you want to display in the sheet.

6. Click the Finish button. The In.ert She.t Wizard closes and a new sheet appears in the table view.

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2.10 Using Find & Replace and Set To & Set To Initial with a table view

You can use the Find function to locate specific data in a table. This is useful for large tables.Alternatively, you can use the Replace function to locate specific data and replace it with a value youenter.

Two similar functions are Set To and Set To Initial. Set To allows you to locate specific data in a columnand change it to another value. Set To changes all data in a column to the value in the Initial cell of thecolumn.

NOTE: You can also use Set To to change values with the Property View and to change data items ondata blocks.

Using Find with a table view

To use Find:


2. Click on a cell in the column you want to search. The data in the cell is used as the default Findvalue.

3. Click the Find button on the Text Viewer menu, or open the Edit menu and choose Find. The Finddialog appears.

4. Leave the default Find what value or enter a new value.

5. Select Match case if you want to only find data that matches the exact case (upper and/or lower caseletters) of the text that you type.

6. Select whether you want to search up or down the column from your current position.

7. Click Find Next. If pipelinestudio locates the data, the cell is selected and the data is highlighted. Ifthe data is not located, an error message appears.

8. To find the next occurrence of the Find what value, click the Find Next button again. You can repeatthis step as much as necessary.

9. The Find dialog remains open until you click Cancel.

Using Replace with a table view

To use Replace:


2. Click on a cell in the column you want to search. The data in the cell is used as the default Findvalue.

3. Open the Edit menu and choose Replace. The Replace dialog appears.

4. Leave the default Find what value or enter the data to find.

5. Select Match case if you want to only find data that matches the exact case (upper and/or lower caseletters) of the text that you type.

6. Enter a value for Replace with.

7. Click Find Next to start the replace operation. If pipelinestudio locates the data, the cell is selectedand the data is highlighted. To replace the data with the Replace with value, click Replace. The datais replaced and the next occurrence of the data is highlighted. To replace all occurrences of the datawith the Replace with value, click Replace All.

If the Find what data is not located, an error message appears.

8. The Replace dialog remains open until you click Cancel.

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Using Set To

To use Set To:


2. Click on the column you want to use Set To with. The data in the cell is used as the default Set Tovalue.

3. Open the Tools menu and choose Set To. The Set To dialog appears.

4. Complete the Set To dialog.

5. Click OK when done. The values in the selected column are changed based on the values suppliedby the Set To dialog.

Using Set To Initial

To use Set To Initial:


2. Click on the column you want to use Set To Initial with.

3. Check that the value in the Initial cell of the column is the value you want to use.

4. Open the Tools menu and choose Set To initial. The values in the selected column are changedbased on the value supplied by the Initial cell of the column.

Using a table view

TIP: You can display a pop-up menu with table view-related functions on it. Right~lick in any area ofthe table. The functions available on the menu depend on what you select (a cell, a heading, arow, a sheet, etc.).

To edit properties for an object using a table view:

1. Open the Table menu and highlight Input Tables. A sub-menu appears, listing a variety of tabletypes.

2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose the object you want to edit. The corresponding tableview displays.


4. If you changed the table structure, open the Table menu and choose Save.

5. Click the close button for the table's window, or open the Table menu and choose Close.

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2.11 Exercise 28:

1. Open the file: \My Documents\My Simulations\TGNEnDemos\Demo.tgw

2. Save the file as "Demo_Steady-State.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training)

3. Run Steady State

4. Save the configuration "Demo_Steady-State.tgw" as "DemoJ<noCSpacing.tgw" (in the directory:\My Documents\My Simulations\Training)

5. Open the pipe table and set the Knot Spacing for all pipe legs to 10 miles.

6. Open the compressor table and use Tools IAuto Fit to adjust the column widths.

7. Delete the column for Flow Maximum and add a column for Auxiliary Load.

8. Use the table wizard to build a table entitled "Input Summary". Add the following information intoyour table (hint: for additional categories use the insert sheet function):

• Pipes - name, diameter,length, roughness and wall thickness (tip: double click on thesheet tab to rename a sheet name);

• Compressors - name, initial status, upstream minimum and downstream maximumpressure;

• Supplies - name, fluid, pressure maximum;• Deliveries - name, flow maximum;• Block valves - name and percent open.

9. Add your "Input Summary" table to the user-defined list of tables for easy future access.

10. Run Steady State and compare the results between the configurations "Demo_Steady_State.tgw" \and "Demo_Knot_Spacing.tgw". .

11. Close the files

j( Gas Induction Training

2.12 Working with fluids

Working with compositional fluids

When creating a gas configuration, you can create and work with compositional fluids.

NOTE: To use a compositional fluid, you must first select BWRS as the Equation of State on the Fluidtab of the Simulation Options dialog (choose Simulation/Options).

You can create a compositional fluid by:

1) Choosing Insert/Compositional Fluid, or

2) Using a Table Fluids table.

You can also modify compositional fluids using either of these ways, along with the Properly View also.

Creating or modifying a compositional fluid using Insert/Compositional Fluid

To create or modify a compositional fluid:

1. Open the Insert menu and select Compositional Fluid.... The Details for Compositional Fluiddialog appears.

2. Select the component(s) from the list of Available Components, then click Add». The MolarComponent dialog appears.

3. Enter a percentage to use of the component in the fluid and click OK.

pipetinestudio~ 2-11 energyso/utions?


NOTE: If you selected more than one component from the list in step 2. repeat step 3 until you have set apercentage for each component.

4. To modify the percentage of a component to use. click on the component in the SelectedComponents list and click Modify•.•. The Molar Component dialog appears. Change thepercentage and click OK.

5. To normalize the percentages of components used to equal 100%. click the Normalize button.


Creating a compositional fluid using the Table Fluids table

To create a compositional fluid:

1. Open the Table menu and highlight Input Tables. A sub-menu appears. listing a variety of tabletypes.

2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu. and choose Fluid..... The Fluid. table appears.

3. Select the Compo.itional Fluid. sheet.

4. Enter information on the sheet. To insert a new row on a table. select the Name cell of the New rowand press the spacebar. The Rename dialog appears. Type a name and click OK. A row is addedusing the name. you entered.

5. Enter a percentage to use for each desired component.

6. If you changed the table structure. open the Table menu and choose Save.

7. Click the close button for the table's window. or open the Table menu and choose Clo.e.

2.13 Working with simplified fluids

When creating a gas configuration, you can create and work with simplified fluids.

NOTE: To use a simplified fluid. you must first select Sarem as the Equation of State on the Fluid tab ofthe Simulation Option. dialog (choose Simulation/Option.).

You can create a simplified fluid by:

1) Choosing In.ert/Slmplified Fluid....

2) Clicking New... on the General tab of the Detail. for Supply dialog (double-click on a supply in anetwork view to display this dialog). or

3) Using a Table Fluid. table.

You can also modify simplified fluids using either of these ways. along with the Property View also.

Once you have created a simplified fluid, you can select to use it with any supply.

Creating or modifying a simplified fluid using Insert/Simplified Fluid

To create or modify a simplified fluid:

1. Open the In.ert menu and select Simplified Fluid.... The Detail. for Simplified Fluid dialogappears.

2. Enter or change the specific gravity and heating value of the fluid. along with the percentage ofcarbon dioxide in the fluid.

3. You can also add additional gas properties. called user qualities, and specify the percentage of eachone used in the fluid. Click on the U.er Qualities tab and complete it. The procedure for setting userqualities is explained in a different topic.

4. Click OK when done. You can then select a specific simplified fluid to use with a supply.



Creating or modifying a simplified fluid using the Details for Supply dialog

To create or modify a simplified fluid:

1. Double-elick on a supply in a network view. The D.tails for Supply dialog appears.

2. Click N.w... next to Fluid. To modify an existing fluid, select the desired one from the drop-down listand click D.talls.... The D.tails for Simplifl.d Fluid dialog appears.

3. Enter or change the specific gravity and heating value of the fluid, along with the percentage ofcarbon dioxide in the fluid.

4. You can also add additional gas properties, called user qualities, and specify the percentage of eachone to use in the fluid. Click on the Us.r Qualities tab and complete it.

5. Click OK when done. A new simplified fluid is created. You can add the simplified fluid to the currentsupply. Open the drop-down list next to Fluid and choose the desired one.

6. Click OK when done with the Details for Supply dialog.

Creating a simplified fluid using the Table Fluids table

To create a simplified fluid:

1. Open the Table menu and highlight Input Tables. A sub-menu appears, listing a variety of tabletypes.

2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose Fluids.... The Table Fluids table appears.

3. Select the Simplified Fluids sheet.

4. Enter information on the sheet. To insert a new row on a table, select the Name cell of the New rowand press the spacebar. The R.nam. dialog appears. Type a name and click OK. A row is addedusing the name you entered.

5. Enter data for the simplified fluid.

6. To add user qualities, select the Us.r Quallti.s tab.

7. Enter data for the user qualities.

8. If you changed the table structure, open the Tabl. menu and choose Sav•.

9. Click the close button for the table's window, or open the Tabl. menu and choose Clos•.

Selecting a simplified fluid to use

To select a simplified fluid for a supply:

1. Double-elick on a supply in a network view. The D.talls for Supply dialog appears.

2. Open the drop-down list next to Fluid and choose the desired one.

3. Click OK when done with the Details for Supply dialog.

2.14 Working with user qualitiesYou can create and modify user qualities, which can be used with simplified fluids. You can create a userquality by:

1) Choosing Ins.rt/Us.r QualItY,

2) Clicking the New..• button on the User Qualities tab of the Details for Simplified Fluid dialog (openthe Ins.rt menu and choose Simplified Fluid... , or click N.w... on the G.n.ral tab of the D.tailsfor Supply dialog), or

3) Using the Tabl. Fluids table.

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You can modify user qualities using the U.er Qualitie. dialog or Table Fluid table, along with theProperty View also.

Once you have created a user quality, you can add it to any simplified fluid.

Creating a user quality using the Details for User Quality dialog

To create a user quality:

1. Open the In.ert menu and choose U.er Quality.... The Detail. for U.er Quality dialog appears.You can also access this dialog from the U.er Qualities tab on the Detail. for Simplified Fluiddialog; click the New... button below the Available U.er Quallti.. list; open this dialog by choosingIn.ert/Slmplified Fluid....

2. Enter a unit label and select the mixing rule.

3. Click OK when done. The user quality is created.

Modifying user qualities using the User Qualities dialog

To modify user qualities:

1. Open the In.ert menu and choose Simplified Fluid..... The Detail. for Simplified Quality dialogappears.

2. Click on a user quality in the Available U.er Qualltle. list. Then, click Detail..... The U.er Qualitiesdialog appears.

3. Click Modify.... The U.er Quality dialog appears.

4. Make your changes and click OK.

5. To add a new user quality, click Add... on the U.er Qualltl.. dialog. The U.er Quality dialogappears.

6. To remove a user quality, select a user quality and click Remove. To remove all user qualities, clickthe Remove All button.


8. Click OK when done with the Details for Simplified Fluids dialog.

Creating or modifying user qualities using the Table Fluids table

To create or modify a user quality:

1. Open the Table menu and choose Input Tabl... A sub-menu appears, listing a variety of table types.

2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose Fluid•. The Table Fluid. table appears.

3. Select the U.er Qualities tab.

4. To create a new user quality, insert a new row on a table. Select the Name cell of the New row andpress the spacebar. The Rename dialog appears. Type a name and click OK. A row is added usingthe name you entered.

5. Enter or change data for the user qualities.

6. If you changed the table structure, open the Table menu and choose Save.

7. Click the close button for the table's window, or open the Table menu and choose Close.

Selecting user qualities

To select user qualities:



1. Open the Insert menu and choose Simplified Fluids.... The Details for Simplified Quality dialogappears.

2. Click on one or more user qualities in the Available User Qualities list.

3. Click Add. The User Quality Value dialog appears.

4. Enter a percentage of the user quality to use in the simplified fluid and click OK. The user quality isadded to the Selected User Qualities list.

5. To remove a user quality from the Selected User Qualities list, click on it in the list and clickRemove.

6. To change the percentage of a user quality to use, click on it in the Selected User Qualities, thenclick Modify.... The User Quality dialog appears. Change the value and click OK.

7. Click OK when done with the Details for Simplified Fluids dialog.

2.15 Using the Property View

TIP: You can display a pop-up menu with Property View-related functions on it. Right-click in anyarea of the Property View.

To edit properties for an object using the Property View:

1. Click on the Property View button on Standard toolbar. The Property View appears.

2. In a network view, click on a network element. Its properties appear in the Property View (or, if youhave a table open, you can select an object in the table).


4. Press Enter after changing a value, or use an arrow key or the Tab key to move to another cell.

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Ji{:·6E~~r~i~~2C:··· ..

1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTrainingl Demo_Steadv-State.tgw

2. Save the file as "Demo_Comp_Fluid" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

3. Add a compositional fluid to your configuration that has the following description (use the Insert ICompositional Fluid method):• Name-GasX• C1-92%, C2-2%, C3-2%, iC4-1%, nC4-1%, iC5- 0.5%, nC5-0.5%, N2 - 0.5%, C02

-0.5%.

4. Add a compositional fluid to your configuration that has the following description (use the Tablemethod):• Name-Gas Y• C1 - 95%, C2 - 2%, iC5 -1%, nC5 - 0.5%, N2 -1%, C02 - 0.5%.

5. Change the fluid for all supplies to Gas X.

6. Perform a network validation. Run steady state and fix any errors.

7. Open your "Input Summary" table and add the following "outpuf columns to your table:• Pipe table - density tail• Compressor table - downstream pressure• Delivery - pressure

8. Close the file.

2.17 About Quality TrackingA correct definition of the fluids (gases) in the simulator is vital to the proper operation of a model.Properly defining the fluid types will pay large dividends later in the form of an easily debugged model andsmoother simulations.

Each fluid in a configuration is defined either by its "base qualities" (called a simplified flUid) or gascomposition (called a compositional flUid). For a simplified fluid, specific gravity, heating value andcarbon dioxide content define the base qualities. You can also specify how much of each of one or moreadditional gas properties, called user-deflned qualities, is present in the fluid.

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Whenever you track fluid quality (a Simulation Option), the simulator tracks the properties of the variousmixtures of gas that are flowing throughout the system. A mixing point occurs at any point in the networkwhere gases mix, for example a junction of three pipes.

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At mixing points, the base qualities of the fluids entering that point are mixed using a molar-averagedmixing rule in order to calculate the base qualities of the resulting mixed fluid which is leaving the mixingpoint.

User-clefined qualities are also tracked and mixed as they travel through the network. For each userdefined quality, you specify whether it should be mixed at mixing points using molar or mass averaging.

We recommend that you only activate fluid quality tracking after you have achieved a successful steadystate solution with quality tracking disabled.

2.18 Exercise 20:

1. Open the file: \My Documents\My Simulations\TGNETIDemos\Demo.lgw.

2. Save the file as "Demo_Quality_Track.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training)

3. Open the "Simulation" menu and go to "Options", "General" tab and select or enable"Quality" and press the"Appty" and "OK" bullon to close the "Simulation Options" window

4. In the network view search for the supplies "PURCHASE"" and "HARDVAL", double click oneach, go to the "General" tab and select the fluid "High CV Gas" and press the "Apply" and"OK" bullon close the dialog.

5. In the network view search for the supply "KANE", double click on it, go to the "General" taband select the fluid "Low CV Gas" and press the "Apply" and "OK" bullon close the dialog.

6. Run Steady State and review the results

pipelinestudio~ 2-17 I. 4)

energyso utlons.


2.19 Working with units

pipellnestudio provides you with a flexible, easy-to-use way to work with units. You can select the unit touse for a unit category, and a color to use for each unit category (when displaying a data item that usesthe unit category). Once you have modified a unit system to meet your preferences, you can set it as thedefault.

NOTE: Setting a color to use for each unit category is part of a color scheme. The procedure for setting acolor scheme is explained in a different topic.

Using the Units Manager, you can add, modify, and delete units from a unit system.

TIP: If you want to add, modify, or delete units from one of the unit systems supplied withpipelinestudio, you might want to save the unit system under a new name.

NOTE: The procedure for using the Units Manager is explained in a different topic.

If you are importing a keyword file, there can be potential unit conflicts. You can choose how to resolvethese conflicts. The procedure for importing files is explained in a different topic.

Selecting the unit used for a unit category

To set the unit used for a unit category:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Units, or click the Units button on the Standard toolbar. TheUnits dialog appears.

2. Open the drop-down list next to a unit category and select the type of unit to use.

3. You can also select to show pressures as absolute or gauge. Then select a suffix to display withpressure units to show whether they are absolute or gauge.

4. To use your modified unit system set as the default, click Un M Default.


Saving a unit system

To save a unit system under a different name, or save changes to an existing unit system:


2. Click Save As••.. The Save Unit System M dialog appears.

3. To create a new, custom unit system, type a new name for the unit system and click OK. The unitsystem is saved using the name.

To save changes to an existing system, click on a name in the list of systems and click OK. Amessage displays, asking if you want to replace the existing unit system. Click Yes.


Loading a unit system

To load a unit system:


2. Click Load.... The Load Unit System dialog appears.

3. Click on the unit system you want to load.

4. If you select a custom unit system (i.e. not one of the unit systems supplied with pipelinestudio), youcan remove it by clicking Delete System.

pipelinestudio0

2-18 energysolutions?



Exporting a unit system

Exporting a unit system is useful if you want to troubleshoot a pipeline network configuration.

To export a unit system:


2. Click Export.... The Export U.er-Deflned Units File dialog appears.

3. Navigate to the path (drive and directory) where you want to save the exported file, then type a filename. Click Save. The file is exported.


2.20 Using the Units Manager

Using the Units Manager, you can add, modify, and delete units from a unit system.

TIP: If you want to add, modify, or delete units from one of the unit systems supplied withpipelinestudio, you might want to save the unit system under a new name.

Using the Units Manager

To use the Units Manager:

1. Click the Display units button on the Standard toolbar, or open the Simulation menu and chooseUnits.... The Units dialog appears.

2. Click Manager••.. The Units Manager dialog appears.

3. Open the Unit Category drop-down list and select a unit category. The relevant units appear in theUnits for this category list.

4. To edit a unit, click on it then click Edit.... The Edit Unit dialog appears. Make the desired changes(you can change the name and the conversion number). Click OK when done.

To add a unit, click on Add••.. The New Unit dialog appears. Enter a name and a conversionnumber. Click OK when done.

To remove a unit, click on it then click Delete. A message displays, asking if you want to remove theunit. Click Yes.

NOTE: Not all units can be deleted. You should exercise care when deleting units.

5. Click Close when done with the Units Manager dialog.



2.21 Exercise 2E:

1. Open the file: IMy DocumentsIMy SimulationsITGNET\DemoslDemo.tgw

2. Save the file as "Demo_Units.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentsIMy SimulationslTraining)

3. Select units Metric and make the following changes:• Change diameter from meters to inches.• Change length from kilometers to miles.• Change temperature from °c to of.• Change time from hours to seconds• Change wall thickness from mm to inches.

4. Save your user-defined units file as Exercise-2.

5. Add a new density unit to your units file called "New-Densijy" (assume a conversion factor of 1"New-Density" equals 6 slugsJft3).

6. Add this change to your user-defined file and save.

7. Run steady state and view the input/output tables to see your conversions.

8. Close the file.

2.22 About the Property View

The Property View is a quick way to view all data for a specific object. The Property View is useful if youwant to see all object properties, only input properties, or only output properties. There are three tabs onthe Property View, corresponding to which properties you want to view: All, Input, or Output.

The format uses a spreadsheet-like layout, using columns and rows. The first column shows propertynames for an object, the second shows the property value, and the third shows the unit (you can show orhide the third column).

You can position the Property View anywhere within the pipelinestudio workspace. If you move it closeto a side, the Property View will "dock" with (or attach itself to) that side. You can un-dock it by draggingit to a new position.

2.23 Working with the Property View

You can work with the Property View in various ways:

• To display the Property View, click the Property View button on the Standard toolbar or selectView/Property View.

• To display an object's properties in the Property View, either click on a network element in anetwork view or click on an object in a table view.

• To view all properties for an object, select the All Properties tab. To view only input properties,select the Input Properties tab. To view only output properties, select the Output Properties tab.

• To show or hide the Units column, right-click on any cell. A pop-up menu appears from which youcan select Show Units.

• To show short property names, right-click on any cell. A pop-up menu appears from which you canselect Use Short Property Names. You can also select Use Short Property Names on the Optionsdialog (open the Tools menu and choose Options).

• To display an object's corresponding Details dialog, right-click on any cell. A pop-up menu appearsfrom which you can select Object Properties. The relevant Details dialog displays.

• To edit data, click on a cell. If the cell is a text field, change the data. If the cell is a drop-down list,open the list and select a new item. Property names cannot be changed. Cells with grey shading in



the Value or Units columns cannot be changed. Press Enter after changing a value, or use an arrowkey or the Tab key to move to another cell.

• You can select Set To to set a new value for a property.

• To reposition the Property View, click on its drag bar (or title bar, depending on which is displayed)and hold the mouse button down as you drag the dialog to a new position. Then, release the mousebutton.

• To dock the Property View with the side or top of the workspace to which it was last docked, doubleclick its title bar. To un-dock it, double-click its title bar.

• To resize the width of a column, place the cursor to the left or right side of a column heading (thesolid grey box at the top) and drag the column until it is more narrow or wider. Release the mousebutton when the width is the desired size.

• To close the Property View, click its close button or click the Property View button on the Standardtoolbar.

2.24 Gas Flow Equations

Pipeline flow equations are made up of the same general form except that the friction factor is handleddifferently.

This is because there is such diffiCUlty in predicting the exact flow behavior in the transition regionbetween laminar and turbulent flow and between smooth pipe and fully turbulent behavior.

Most friction factor equations can be categorized into being constant, diameter dependent or ReynoldsNumber dependent equations.

The Gas Equations are available in "Details for Pipe" "General" tab Gas Equation

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pipelinestudio~ 2-21 energysolutions?


AGA Equations

AGA studies (IGT Technical Report Number 10 "Steady Flow in Gas Pipelines", July, 1965) showedgreater friction factors than those determined using either the smooth or rough pipe laws. This confirmedwork that the friction factor is dependant on the Reynolds Number for turbulent flow at low flow rates andis a function of the relative pipe roughness for turbulent flow at high flow rates.

For partially turbulent flow at low flow rates, the friction factor is a constant multiple of that used for theSmooth Pipe Law. This constant is a function of the drag factor, which varies from about 0.92 to 0.98depending on the degree and number of drag reducing elements.

Colebrook-White Equation

The Colebrook-White equation is recommended as a general use equation. This equation combines boththe Smooth-Pipe Law and the Rough Pipe Law and will provide good accuracy over a wide range of flowconditions. Other equations will provide a similar degree of accuracy; however, you need to ensure thatthe equation being used is suitable for the application.

Panhandle A

The Panhandle A friction factor formula was developed by the PanHandle and Eastern Gas Co. and isReynolds Number dependent.

This equation was designed for use in natural gas pipelines ranging in pipe diameter from NPS 6 to NPS24 and for Reynolds Number from 5,000,000 to 14,000,000. This equation predicts slightly optimisticflows for pipelines with partially turbulent flow and Reynolds Number greater than 300,000.

Panhandle B

The Panhandle B formula was also developed by the PanHandle and Eastern Gas Co.

This equation is only slightly Reynolds Number dependent.

The Panhandle equations are popular because they use efficiency factors to provide a good fit ofoperating data in the partially turbulent flow regime. The Panhandle A equation is not realistic for fUllyturbulent flow. These equations are also not good for planning purposes since the efficiency factors canonly be obtained using operating data.

Weymouth

The Weymouth provides a good estimation for fully turbulent flow in pipe with diameters around NPS 36.When used on pipe diameters less than NPS 30, the friction factors tend to be too high and thus needeffICiencies larger than 100%. This equation is not recommended for sizing new pipelines.

GsaThis friction factor has been developed by and is specific to Gaz du Sud Ouest.

SpitzglassIt employs a smaller eqUivalent pipe length appropriate to the smaller gas pipe sizes.

ConstantThis simplistic friction factor is simply a numerical constant.

Frictionless

pipelinestudio? 2·22 I. 4)

energyso utlons.


Use of this friction factor will result in frictionless flow along a pipe, perhaps useful for calculating atheoretical maximum.

2.25 Exercise 2F

1. Open the file: IMy Documents\My SimulationsITGNEnDemosIDem01.tgw.

2. Select and delete the regulator "REG1"

3. select and delete the pipe "PIPE3"

4. Select and delete the delivery "DELlV2"

5. Select the pipe "PIPE1", double click on it, go to the "General" tab, select the "Gas Equation" =AGA and close the "Details for Pipe" dialog

6. Select the pipe "PIPE2", double click on it, go to the "General" tab, select the "Gas Equation" =AGA and click on the "OK" button to close the "Details for Pipe" dialog

7. Save the file as "Dem01_AGA" (in the directory: IMy Documents\My SimulationslTraining)

8. Run Steady State

9. Save the file as "Dem01_Colebrook" (in the directory: \My DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

10. Select the pipe "PIPE1", double click on it, go to the "General" tab, select the "Gas Equation" =Colebrook and close the "Details for Pipe" dialog

11. Select the pipe "PIPE2", double click on it, go to the "General" tab, select the "Gas Equation" =Colebrook and click on the "OK" button to close the "Details for Pipe" dialog

12. Run Steady State

13. Repeat the necessary steps to generate the configurations: "Dem01_ GSa","Demo1_Panhandle_A", "Dem01_Panhandle_B", "Demo1_Spilzglass", and"Dem01_Weymouth" (under the directory: \My Documents\My SimulationslTraining)

14. Select the "Gas Equation" accordingly for pipes "PIPE1" and "PIPE2"

15. Run Steady State for each configuration

16. Review and compare the Steady State results for all configurations.

2.26 Compressors, Drivers and Curves

About compressors

Compressors fall into these categories:

• Generic

• Centrifugal

• Reciprocating

A generic compressor does not have any performance curves and may not use maximum and minimumspeed as constraints...A centrifugal compressor uses a centrifugal performance curve (CPID)..p;pelinestud;o~ 2-23 I . 0

energyso ut'ons"


A reciprocating compressor uses a reciprocal performance curve (Reciprocating CPID) containing one ormore cylinders.

•You can create stand-alone compressors or use compressors in a bank. You can also associate a driverwith a compressor.

A compressor is connected to other items in the configuration by an upstream node and a downstreamnode.

Flow through a compressor from the upstream node towards the downstream node is reported aspositive; flow in the other direction is reported as negative.

In the event that there are problems obtaining a steady-state convergence, this may be due to problemswith compressor modeling. In particular. when detailed compressor information has been entered it isoften difficult to spot errors in the data. or to identify when convergence has not been possible due tolimits in the compressor maps. In this case. to assist with debugging a configuration. you can easilymodel all compressors as generic compressors by removing the check mark from the Use detailedcompressors check box on the Controls tab of the Simulation Options dialog.

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2.27 Exercise 2G:

1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationsITGNET\DemoslDem02.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Dem02_CentrifugaLC.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulationslTraining)

3. Open the "View" menu and select "Lock DraWing", or click the "Lock Drawing" button on the"Drawing Tools" toolbar

4. From the Drawing (gas) toolbar select a centrifugal compressor and place it near to the existingreciprocating compressor.

5. Double click on the new centrifugal compressor and go to the "General" tab; from the drop-downlist select the "Centrifugal Performance ID" C4012 (existing in the library) and click on the"Apply" button.

6. Go to the "Driver" tab. in "Compressor Driver" from the drop-down list select the driver"Centaur40" (existing in the library); in "FueIXreg" select from the drOpdown "FUEL". and clickon the"Apply" button .

7. Go to the "ConstraintsiSetpolnls" tab and input for "Max Down Pressure" = 1300 psig andclick on the "OK" button.

8. Select the compressor "CMP001" and delete it

9. Connect the new centrifugal compressor between the pipes "L1" and "L2"

10. Run Steady Stete and review the results.

p;pelinestudio~ 2-24 energysolutions?


2.28 Related Tips:

• You can change units at any time by choosing SimulationlOptions and choosing units in the dialog.All open windows are immediately updated with any changes as soon as you choose the OKbutton.

• You can save a set of units for use later by choosing Units from the Simulation menu and thenclicking the "Save As" button.

• To view a "Properties" dialog box for a device, double click that device in a network view.

• You can view a "Properties" dialog box by double clicking in the header of a row in the table view.

• You can access common editing functions by clicking on a device or devices to select them with theleft mouse button and then clicking using the right mouse button, while keeping the cursor over theselected object(s).

• You can select which devices you wish to see in network views by choosing Nodes, Equipment orExternal RegUlators from the View menu.

• You can add new units or edit existing units by choosing Units from the Simulation menu and thenclicking the "Manager" button.

• You can easily change the diameter of all the pipes in a configuration by selecting the Diametercolumn in the Pipes table and then choosing Set To from the Tools menu.

• You can use the TableICustomize... menu item to add frequently used tables to the TableslUserDefined menu.

• You can make a set of units the default for all new configurations which you create by choosingUnits from the Simulation menu and then clicking the "Use As Default" button.

• You can sort tables by more than one column by choosing Sort from the Table menu.

• To copy data to Excel, lotus 1-2-3 or another spreadsheet, select the data in a table, drag the datato the other program and drop it on that program.

• You can easily change the flow setpoints of all the supplies in a configuration by selecting theMaximum Flow column in the Supplies sheet of the Xregs table and then choosing Set To from theTools menu.

• To make a column in a table fit the contents, you can double click in the header row on linebetween the two columns.

• To do a quick units conversion on data, display the data in a table or dialog; then change units bychoosing Units from the Simulation menu. Go back and look at the table or dialog: the value willhave been converted to the new units.

• You can add columns to tables by choosing Insert Columns from the Table menu.

• You can sort tables on any column by double clicking in the header of that column.

pipelinestudio~ 2-25 I . 0energyso ut,ons.

Lab 3


PipelineStudio Additional Features


The purpose of this lab is to introduce you to a number of other features.


• Maneuver through the online help• Share files electronically and learn to access Energy Solutions' Technical Support

• Insert objects and making a background

• Perform file maintenance• Customize menus• Customize toolbars• Set simulation options• Set tools options• Temperature tracking and heat transfer• Ambient temperature tables and velocity for ambient medium

• Library, import, export

3.1 Using PipelineStudio Help

This help system is designed to help both beginners and experienced users work with pipelinestudio.The help system is comprises of three different levels:

• Dialog-level help (with corresponding field descriptions) and window help,• Procedural (task-oriented) help, and• Conceptual help.

The dialog-level help is context sensitive, meaning that as you work with pipelinestudio you can pressthe F1 key or click the help button (if one is available) to view an associated help topic.This system covers both TGNET (gas pipeline networks) and TLNET (liquid pipeline networks). Anywherethat a topic is specific to either TGNET or TLNET, it will be indicated using Gas or LiqUid, respectively,using the indicated color.Most help topics will have hyperlinks, or jumps, to other related topics. The jumps fall into one of threecategories:

• Related dialogs & tabs (dialogs and their associated tabs and fields),• Related procedures (tasks), and• Related information (concepts, equations, and lists).

These jumps display in green with an underline. The topic will display in the main help system window

NOTE: All jumps are listed at the end of each topic.Field-level descriptions and definitions for frequently used terms will have jumps also. These jumpsdisplay in green with a dashed underline. The topic will display in a pop-up window.Each topic can also have associated warnings, notes, and tips.You can locate information using either the table of contents or the index. Or, you can use the Searchfunction to perform a full-text search if you cannot locate what you are looking for in the table ofcontents/index.

Conventions used

pipe/inestudio~ 3-1 energysolutions?

Red

Blue. ... - --'.'.-'.

, Bold Italics

Bold

/talics


Gas information

LiquidinformatiCln .

Menu items, !el<ited topics

. DialognalTles,fieldnalTl.es, button .nalTllls,functionnalTl.lls

. Emph<isis, .related d()CulTlentation..

Qne-step pr()CedlJre

3.2 Locating a help topicTo locate a help topic using a table of contents, index, or Search function.

1. Open the Help menu and choose Help Topics from the pipe/inestudio menu bar. The Help windowappears.

This window is divided into two panes: a Contents pane and a Topic pane. The Contents paneincludes three tabbed sections: a Table of Contents tab, an index tab, and a Search function tab.The Topic pane displays a default help topic when the window first appears. Once you select a topicfrom the table of contents, index, or Search function, it will display the help topic that you choose.

2. Click the Help Topics button to show or hide the Contents pane.

3. To search the table of contents, double-elick on a book to open it or single-click on the + icon next tothe book. Double-click on a desired topic to view it.

4. To use the index, click the Index tab to see a list of index entries. Either enter the word you arelooking for or scroll through the list. Then, double-click on the desired entry or click the Displaybutton. If the entry exists in only one topic, the topic is displayed. If the entry exists in multiple topics,a Topics Found dialog displays all relevant topics. Double-elick on the desired topic to view it.

5. To perform a full text search, click the Search tab to search for words or phrases that might becontained in a Help topic.

3.3 Displaying a help topic for a dialog, window, or view• With a dialog, window or view open in plpelinestudio, press the F1 key or click the Heip button (if

one is available). The corresponding help topic appears.

3.4 Navigating the help system

Selecting a jump• Click on a jump to view the associated topic or popup.

Returning to the previously viewed help topic• Click Back from the Help window. The previously viewed topic appears.

Viewing the next or previous help topic in a sequence• Click the Next or Previous button. The next or previous topic in sequence appears.

Viewing a list of help topics you have already displayed

1. Open the Options menu and choose Display History Window. The list of help topics appears.

2. Double-elick a topic from the list to display it.

3.5 Printing a help topic

pipelinestudio" 3-2I . 0

energyso ut'ons.


• With the topic displayed, click Print. You can also right-click inside the Help window to display a popup menu; select Print Topic.

Printing a topic in a pop-up window.

1. Right-click inside the pop-up window. A pop-up menu displays.

2. Select Print Topic. The Print dialog box displays.

3. Click OK.

3.6 Setting help options

Showing or hiding the Contents pane

• Go to the Help menu and select Help Topics.

Keeping the Help window on top of other windows

• From the pipelinestudio Help program go to the Options menu and choose Keep Help on Top. Asub-menu appears. Choose On Top from the sub-menu.

NOTE: Selecting Default or Not On Top does not position the Help window on top.

Adding a comment to a help topic

1. Display a topic in the Help window to which you want to add a comment.

2. Open the Edit menu and choose Annotate. The Annotate dialog appears.

3. Enter your comments and click Save. A paper-clip icon appears at the top of the topic. You can click itto see or change your comment.

Placing a bookmark in a help topic

1. Display a topic in the Help window that you want to bookmark.

2. Open the Bookmark menu and choose Define. The Bookmark Define dialog box displays. Thedefault bookmark name is the help topic name.

3. Optional: You can enter a different name for your bookmark.

4. Click OK. The bookmark displays on the Bookmark menu.

5. Open the Bookmark menu and choose the bookmark name to return to a topic.

3.7 Working with reports and output

Sharing PipelineStudio information

You can share information from pipe/inestudio with co-workers in electronic and hard copy formats, oruse pipe/inestudio data with other applications such as a word processor or spreadsheet.

• Some data (such as curve data and data in a table view) can be exported as a tab-delimited ASCIItext file. Such files can also be imported into a co-workers copy of pipelinestudio or opened using aword processor or spreadsheet.

• If you want to use selected data from pipelinestudio with other applications such as word processorsand spreadsheets, you can use the standard Windows Copy/Paste function. For example, you can

pipelinestudio" 3-3 I . 0energyso utlons.


select table view data and paste it into a spreadsheet. pipelinestudio also produces a variety of files,which use an ASCII text format such as reports, and output files).

.. You can send plpelinestudio files (such as a configuration, report, or keyword file) via e-mail.usingthe File/Send... function.

.. The contents of windows and views (such as a network view, table view, chart view, etc.) can beprinted as a hard copy.

.. You can export a chart as a bitmap graphic or JPEG graphic.

.. You can select objects in a network view and copy them onto the Windows Clipboard, then pastethem into another application.

3.8 Sending e-mail

You can send an e-mail message containing a copy of the current configuration file, keyword file, orreport (or any file that is ASCII text-based).

NOTE: This function is only enabled if you have e-mail capabilities.

TIP: Before sending an e-mail, you should save your work.

To send an e-mail:

1. Make sure the desired window (a network view to send a configuration file, keyword file, or steadystate report) is the active window (either click on its window title bar or open the Window menu andselect it from the list of open files).

2. Click the Send e-mail button on the Standard toolbar, or open the File menu and choose Send. Thedefault e-mail editor for your PC appears. (Please check with your system administrator for details onyour e-mail editor.). You might also see a dialog asking which e-mail editor to use. Choose the oneyou want.

3. Complete the desired e-mail information (address, subject, text, etc.) and send the e- mail. Thefile is attached to the e-mail. The keyword file and steady-state report are ASCII text files that can beopened using any text editor. The configuration file can be opened using plpelinestudio.

3.9 Technical Support

ENERGY SOLUTIONS INTERNATlONAL relies on your feedback to help create better products for youand your peers. You are an integral part of our development process. If you find any pipelinestudiofunctions that are difficult to use or that do not work as you would expect, please let us know. Yourenhancement suggestions are valuable, helping to drive ongoing software development efforts.

ENERGY SOLUTIONS INTERNATlONAL is also committed to providing excellent technical support. Ifyou have questions that cannot be answered by first referring to the on-line help, please contact us.

If you come across any issues that you need to report to our technical support group, we stronglyencourage you to send us an e-mail using the support e-mail function in plpelinestudio. Any e-mail yousend this way will attach key files that can help us understand your issue better and diagnose it morerapidly.To send an e-mail:

1. Open the Help menu in pipelinestudio and choose E-mail Technical Support. The default e-maileditor on your PC appears with the technical support e-mail address added and the key files includedas attachments.

2. Enter a subject and message, then send the e-mail.You can access our web site from the About box (open the Help menu and choose AboutPlpellneStudioj or from this help system.

pipelinestudio03-4 energysolutjons~


3.10 Exercise 3A:

1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationsITGNE1\DemosIDemo.tgw

2. Save the file as "Demo_PLS_Help.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

3. Select Help and go to the Table of Contents. Look up the following topics:• The equation used for calculating Friction Factor and pressure drop across a block

valve (Hint: Look in General Equations and under Network Element Equations).• The normal distance step selection (hint: look under pipelinestudio Basics).

4. Select Help and go to the Index. Look up the following topics:• Constraint logic.• BWRS Equation of state for fluid qualities.

5. Select Help and go to the Search Engine. Look up the following topics:• Fuel extemal regUlators (XReg).• Ambient rating factor (driver).

6. Select Help and go to the Glossary. Look up the definition for:• Parallel pipes• User-specified qualities.

7. From your network view, Double-click on the Supply external regulator to generate a dialog box.Select the Help button to see what information is provided. Try this function using other devicesin your configuration.

8. If you have an e-mail program working in your computer try sending an e-mail of yourconfiguration to Energy Solutions' Technical Support. What happens?

9. Close your file.

3.11 Inserting an object

You can insert various types of objects into a network view: a spreadsheet, equation, graphic, text file,etc. This function uses the standard Microsoft Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) process.

The types of objects available depend on the software you have installed on your PC.

Inserting an object in a network view

To insert an object:

1. Make sure that a network view is the active window.

. 2. Open the Insert menu and choose Object. The Insert Object dialog appears.

3. Select to create a new object or insert an existing file.

4. For both new objects and existing objects, you can select to display the object as an icon on anetwork view. The actual object will not be displayed, just an icon representing the type of object. Youcan also select the type of icon used.

5. If you select Create New, scroll through the list of available object types and click on the desired one(the available object types vary based on what is installed on your PC). Click OK.

A software program opens, which you can use to create the selected object type. In some cases, thesoftware opens inside the main window of pipe/inestudio. In other cases, the program opens in aseparate window.

Create the object using the software. If the software is running in its own window, you must save theobject then exit the software. If the software is running inside the pipe/inestudio main window, the



object is created directly in a network view. You need to click anywhere outside the object to exit thesoftware and return to pipelinestudio. The object is added to a network view.

NOTE: A link is maintained between the software used to create an object and the object. To edit theobject, double-click on it. The corresponding software opens, so you can make changes.

TIP: To view and work with links, you can open the Edit menu and select Links.... The Links dialogappears. You can update links, open the source, break links, etc.

If you select Create from File, you can select an existing file to insert. If you click the Link checkbox,a dynamic link is set between the file and the object placed in a network view. If you modify the file,the object is updated in a network view.

Type the path (drive and directory) and name of the file to open (if you know it) and click OK. If youdo not know where the file is located, click the Bro_. button. The Bro_ dialog appears, whichyou can use to navigate to the desired path. Double-click on the file you want to insert. The object isadded to the File field. Click OK when done. The object is added to the network view.

TIP: Once you have inserted an object, you can work with the object. To display a pop-up menu withobject-related functions on it, right-click on the object. The functions available on the menudepend on the type of object you select. For example, you can resize the object, convert it toanother type of object, view its properties, etc.

3.12 Setting an object as a background object

You can make any OLE object in a network view into a background object. This is useful if you want todisplay a bitmap behind a pipeline network as a backdrop or add spreadsheet data to a network view.

When an OLE object is placed on the background, it becomes more difficult to select (it is no longerselected by simply clicking on it). This prevents you from accidentally selecting or moving it. If you want towork with the object, you must change it into a foreground object.

Setting an object as a background object

To set an object as a background object:

1. Select the object in a network view.

2. Open the Edit menu and choose Mak. Into a background object. The object is changed into abackground object.

Changing a background object into a foreground object

To change a background object into a foreground object:

1. Right-click on the object. A pop-up menu appears.

2. Choose Bring th18 object Into the foreground. The object is changed into a foreground object.You can select it and work with it.

3.13 Removing old output files

Purging filesYou can remove all output files generated during a simulation. This is useful if you are running transientsimulations, which can generate large file sizes, and you want to clean up some disk space.

NOTE: You do not need to purge files if you are going to re-run a simulation. The new output filesoverwrite the existing ones.

TIP: The Purge function only works on files generated during a simulation for the current configurationfile.

pipetinesfudio0 energyso/utions?


To purge files:

1. Open the File menu and choose Purge. A message displays, asking if you want to purge the files

2. Click Yes to purge the files.

3.14 About toolbars

pipelinestudio offers a variety of toolbars you can use to create a pipeline network configuration.Buttons on toolbars can be active or inactive, depending on what you are working on.

You can choose to show or hide toolbars, or drag them into new positions. You can set options thatdetermine how toolbars look, too.

You can also create custom toolbars.

The toolbars are:

Standard

Zoom

~

Table

~Simulation

Drawing Tools

Interactive

Drawing (gae)



Text Viewer

~Customizing toolbars

NOTE: Although it is possible to add and remove buttons from the toolbars provided with pipelinestudio,you should only add buttons to (or remove buttons from) custom toolbars.

To create a custom toolbar or change the appearance of toolbars:

1. Open the Tools menu and choose Customize. A sub-menu appears, listing Menu..• andToolbars..•.

2. Choose Toolbars .... The Customize dialog appears.

3. To customize the appearance of existing toolbars, you can choose Show Tooltips, Cool Look,and/or Large Buttons.

4. To create a new, custom toolbar, click New•••. The New Toolbar dialog appears.

5. Type a name for the toolbar and click OK. It is added to the list on the Customize dialog and a blanktoolbar appears.

6. Click on the Commands tab. It lists all available commands in pipelinestudio that you can add to atoolbar.

7. Select the command category from the list. The buttons available for the category are displayed in anarea on the right of the tab.

8. Click on a button.

TIP: You can view the button's description at the bottom of the tab.

9. To place a button on your custom toolbar, drag it from the Commands tab to the custom toolbar.

10. Click OK when done with the Customize dialog.

TIP: To remove a button from your custom toolbar, drag the button off the toolbar. If you remove all thebuttons from a toolbar, the toolbar will also be removed.

Adding applications to the Tools menu

If there are some applications you frequently work with when you are also using pipelinestudio (such asa calculator or spreadsheet), you can add them as menu items to the Tools menu. They will appear atthe bottom of the menu.

To add an application:

1. Open the Tools menu and choose Customize. A sub-menu appears, listing Menu.•. andToolbars....

2. Choose Menu•... The Customize dialog appears.

3. Type a name to use for the application on the Tools menu.

4. At Command, click the ... button. The Select Program dialog appears. Navigate to the desired path(drive and directory), then double-click the application you want to add. The dialog closes and thepathlfile name appear in the Command field.

5. Enter any arguments that application supports. For example, you can enter the name of a specific fileyou want to open with the application; if you choose Microsoft Notepad as the application; you canhave it open a specific text file.



6. At Initial Directory, click the •.• button. The Select Initial Directory dialog appears. Set the workingdirectory that the application will reference when it opens. Navigate to the desired path (drive anddirectory), then click on the directory you want to use. Next, click OK. The dialog closes and thepath/directory name appear in the Initial Directory field.

7. Click the Add button on the Cu.tomlze dialog. A new menu item is created and added to the MenuContents list.

8. To set the order of menu items, click on an item then click Move Up or Move Down to change ilsposition in the list.

9. To remove an item from the list, click on it in the Menu Contents list, then click the Remove button.

10. Click OK when done with the Cuetomlze dialog.

NOTE: If you are creating a custom toolbar, custom menu items added to the toolbar are available asbuttons to add (under the Tools category). However, they are represented by a generic buttonwith a number next to it (based on the item's position on the Tools menu).

3.15 Exercise 38:

1. Open the file: IMy DocumenlslMy SimulationslTGNETlDemoslDemo.tgw

2. Save the file as "Demo_Custom_TooIbar.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documenls\MySimulationslTraining)

• Make a custom toolbar that contains a File 1Open icon and a Save icon. Name this toolbar"xyz". Drag the new toolbar into your collection of toolbars.

3. Customize your Tools 1Menu list by adding the Calculator and Notepad to your Tools 1Menu.Hint: These executables can be found in the directory c:lwindowslsystem32.

4. Insert a note next to the block valve stating that this valve is ready for mechanical servicing.

• Open Notepad (hint: use your newly added custom menu!) and type the note, "Valve XYZleaking, see maintenance request #12345". Save the note as "vlvmaint.txt".

• Use the insert command to place note (set up as an icon) into your network.

5. Insert the bitmap file C:IProgram FileslEnergy SolutionslPipelineStudio (version number)IPLStudioIPLStudio.bmp. Enlarge the bitmap by stretching the boundaries to suit your networkand then make it into a background object.

Note: If you do not have access to "PLStudio" directory search for a "bmp" image in yourcomputer and insert it

6. Save the configuration and close the file.

3.16 Working with simulations

Setting simulation optionsYou can set or change global options used when running a simulation, including controls, fluids, reports,alarms, etc.

Setting simulation options

To set or change simulation options:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Option..... The Simulation Option. dialog appears.

2. Set or change the simulation options.

pipelinestudio03-9 I . 0energyso ut,ons"


To set advanced simulation options, click on the Controls tab. Then, click the Advanced••• button.Set the advanced options and click OK when done.

3. Click OK when done. The options are set.

3.17 Setting advanced simulation controls

You can set advanced control options for a simulation.

NOTE: The advanced options provide you with more control of the simulation process. However, they arenot required under normal circumstances and you should use them with care.

To set advanced simulation control options:

1. Open the Simulations menu and choose Options. The Simulation Options dialog appears.

2. Click on the Controls tab.

3. Click the Advanced... button. The Simulation Options·Advanced Controls dialog appears.

4. Set the advanced control options you want to use.

5. Click OK when done. The advanced controls will be used when you run a simulation.

3.18 Setting options

You can set various options that affect how pipellnestudio generally works. For example, you can sethow to handle default naming conventions, network validation, file import settings, etc.

Setting options

To set options:

1. Open the Tools menu and select Options. The Options dialog appears.

2. The General tab allows you to set options such as object names, the number of recently-opened fileslisted on the File menu (so you can quickly open a recent file), a wallpaper to use for thepipellnestudio workspace, etc. Complete the General tab as necessary.

3. The Validation/Export tab allows you to set options such as network validation and keyword fileexport. Complete the Validation/Export tab as necessary.

4. The Tables tab allows you to select table options such as scrolling buttons and short property names.Complete the Tables tab as necessary.

5. The Open/Import tab allows you to select how unit resolution is resolved if a keyword file that youare openinglimporting uses different units than those in the unit database. Complete theOpen/Import tab as necessary.

6. Click OK when done. The Options dialog closes and the options are set.

3.19 Temperature Tracking and Heat Transfer

The pipellnestudio default is 'Temperature Tracking Off' it means that the simulation will be'Isothermal". The reference for temperature that the simulation will use is located under Simulation IOptions I General Fluid tab 'System-wide temperature" area; the default value is 60 Deg F

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To run configurations and get results close to real world conditions (thermal model) the scenario requiresto use "Temperature Tracking On" (I.e. without wall tracking), check the Temperature Tracking box inthe Simulation I Options I General tab (leave Wall Temperature tracking blank).

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This option requires that the pipe ambient (ground) temperature and the overall heat transfer coefficientparameters be supplied

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If you need to have more precise heat transfer and temperature profile information, it is necessary to dodetailed wall temperature tracking calculations.

This is done by selecting "Wan Temperature" Tracking (in Simulation I Options I General tab) andchecking the "Do detailed wall calculation for this pipe' box in the Details for Pipe dialogue box ineach pipe.

Un-checking this box provides the way to override the wall temperature tracking for the particular pipe.

Note: If 'Wall Temperature" tracking (in Simulation I Options IGeneral tab) is off, this entry has noeffect.

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There are a number of different ways to set up the detailed wall tracking option. The user can use asingle wall layer that represents the pipe wall or multiple wall layers can be specified.

pipelinestudio is capable of simulating up to 5 different wall layers.

To set up wall layer tracking with multiple layers, it is necessary to edit or input the information in the"Details for Pipe" dialog and select the "Wall layers" tab.

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3.20 Exercise 3C:

1~ Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationsITGNEnDemosIDemol.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Demol_Temp_Track_Off.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

3. Open the "Simulation" menu and go to Options, General tab and uncheck or disable"Temperature" and close the "Simulation Options" window

4. Run Steady State

5. Save the file as "Demol_Temp_Track_On.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

6. Open the "Simulation" menu and go to Options, General tab and check or enable"Temperature" and close the "Simulation Options" window

7. Run Steady State

8. Save the file as "Demol_WaILTemp_On.tgw" (in the directory: lMy DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

9. Open the "Simulation" menu and go to Options, General tab and select or enable "WallTemperature" and close the "Simulation Options" window

10. Go to the "Network View" and select the pipe "PIPE1", double click on the pipe and go to the"Heat Transfer Data" tab and click on or enable "00 detailed wall calculation for this pipe".

11. Go to the "Outer walr parameters and input 0.1 in "Film heat transfer coeff." (Repeat thisstep for pipes "PIPE2"and "PIPE3")

12. Select the pipe "PIPE1", double click on the pipe and go to the "Wall layers" tab, in the"Available Wall layers" window select "Steel" and click on the "Details" button.

13. Go to the "Wall Thickness" input box and change the Wall Thickness = 0.5 (to match the pipewall thickness), press the OK button to close the "Detail for Wall layer" dialog.

14. Select the wall layer "Steel" and press the "Add»" button or double click on it to have the layerin the "Selected Wall layers" window. Repeat the steps to add "Bitumen".

15. Repeat the steps to add the layers "Steel" and "Bitumen" to the pipes "PIPE2" and "PIPE3"

16. Run Steady State

17. Compare the steady state results for configurations: "Demol_Temp_Track_Off","Demol_Temp_Track_On", and "Demol_WaILTemp_On.tgw".

3.21 Ambient Temperature Tables and Velocity for Ambient Medium

Ambient temperature tables allow you to specify monthly average Ambient Temperatures andVelocities for an ambient medium.

The ambient temperature tables work by replacing the normal pipe leg ambient temperature with a valueinferred from the ambient temperature table based on the user specified Datemme.

Wijh Wall Temperature Tracking selected you now have the option to utilize a flowing ambient mediumouter wall film heat transfer coefficient which will use the ambient medium velocity, or a value interpolatedfrom the tables, to derive suitable Reynolds and Prandtl numbers for the (flOWing) ambient medium.

pipelinesludio~ 3-13 I . 0energyso utlons"


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To help identify the value calculated and used by the simulation, the Ambient Temperature (Output)value is available in both property view and generated reports.

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3.22 Exercise 3D:

1. Open the file: IMy Documents\My SimulalionslTrainingl Dem01_WaILTemp_On.tgw

2. Save the file as "Dem01_Amb_Temp_Table.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulationslTraining)

3. Open the "Simulation" menu and go to "Options", "General" tab and verify that the"Temperatura" and "Wall Temperatura" tracking are enable.

4. Close the "Simulation Options" window

5. Select the pipe "PIPE1", double click on the pipe and go to the "Heat Transfer Data" tab, in the"Monthly Table" enable or check on "lJee Monthly Temperatura Table".

6. Press the "New•• : button and input the information prOVided on the table below

7. Select the pipes "PIPE2" and PIPE3, double click on each pipe, go to the "Heat Transfer Data"tab, under the "Monthly Table" enable or check on "U.e Monthly Temperatura Table" andfrom the "Monthly Table" dropdown select the new table created.

8. Open the "Slmuletlon" menu, go to "Options", "General" tab; in the "DatelTlme" area enableor check "Specify Start DatalTlme", click on the symbol on the right side to open the calendar,move up to January and select the first Monday.

9. Press the "Apply" and "OK" button to close the "Slmulltion Options" window.

10. Run "Staady Stata" and compare the results with the configuration"Dem01_WaILTemp_On.tgw "

11. save the file as "Dem01_Amb3emp_Tabl2.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documenls\MySimulationslTraining)

12. Open the "Simulation" menu, go to "Options", "General" tab; in the "DatafTime" area enableor check "Specify Start DatafTlme", click on the symbol on the right side to open the calendar,move up to July and select the first Monday.

13. Press the "Apply" and "OK" button to close the "Simulation Options" window.

14. Run Steady Stata and compare the results with the configuration "Dem01_Amb_Temp_Table"

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pipelinesfudio~ 3-15 I . 9energyso utlons"


3.23 Exercise 3E:

1. Open the file: \My Documents\My Simulations\Training\ Dem01_Amb_Temp_Table.tgw

2. Save the file as "Dem01_Amb_Velo_Table.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training)

3. Select the pipe "PIPE1" double click on it and go to the "Heat Transfer Data" tab, in the"Monthly Table" area verify that the "U.e Monthly Temperature Table" is enable or checked.Repeat this step for the pipes "PIPE2" and PIPE3.

4. Select the pipe "PIPE1" double click on it and go to the "Heat Transfer Data" tab, and enable orcheck "Use Monthly Velocity Table", repeat this step for the pipes "PIPE2" and PIPE3 .

5. In the "PIPE1" "Heat Transfer Data" tab search for "Outer _II" area, "Correlation to uss"select trom the dropdown "Ambient Medium Correlation". Repeat this step for the pipes"PIPE2" and PIPE3.

6. Press the "Apply" and "OK" button to preserve the changes and close the "Details for pipe"dialog accordingly.

7. Open the "Simulation" menu, go to "Options", "General" tab; and verify that in the "DatelTlme"area is enable or checked "Specify Start DIltelTIme" and the month is January and the firstMonday is selected.

8. Run Steady State

9. Save the file as "Dem01_Amb_Velo_TabI2.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training)

10. Open the "Simulation" menu, go to "Options", "General" tab; in the "DIltelTlme" and "SpeclIyStart DatelTlme", click on the symbol on the right side to open the calendar, move up toFebruary and select the last Monday of the month

11. Run Steady Stata and compare the results with the configuration"Dem01_Amb_Velo_Table.tgw"

3.24 Library

Overview

Element libraries are entities that are designed to make configuration easier and less error prone.

They allow you to define certain model configuration elements once and then allow them to be availableto all subsequent configurations.

For example, you can enter the details for a compressor curve, add it to the library, and use thatcompressor curve in your simulation.

If you then create a new simulation document, the compressor curve will automatically be available to youas a library entry.

Any configuration element that you store in a Ilbrery Is available to all configurations of theappropriate type.

When selecting non.library entries from the network view, they will appear with an asterisk (*) next to thelibrary entry name.

pipelinestudio~ 3-16 I . 0energyso utlons"


Each document type has its own library i.e. there is a TGNET element library. The Library in TGNETallows the users to view and edit the property items from the available type list.The Gas Library TGNET is available for Compressors, Drivers, Fluids and Wall Layers etc.

Create, Delete or Edit Elements

1. Select Library in View menu

2. A new window with a list of available type tables appears. Select the type from the Gas Librarytree on the left to display the properties to edit.

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3. To add a new element to the table, fill in the row New and save.

4. To add a new row, right click the library window to display the context menu, select Insert Row.

Sort. ..

"Fncl...

DeIoteRows

pipelinesfudio~ 3-11 energysolutions?


5. To delete an element, right click the libl1lry window to display the context menu, select DeleteRow.

6. To edit the properties of the elements, edit the values of the table and save. The library can alsobe found in the "Workspace View" under TGNET Library.

3.25 Exercise 3F:

1. Open the file: \My Documents\My Simulations\TGNET\DemosIDem01.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Dem01.tgw" (in the directory \My Documents\My Simulations\Training)

3. Run the Steady State (open the "Simulation" menu and select "Steady-8tate", or click on the"Steady-8tate" button on the "Simulation" toolbar)

4. Verify the "Heating Value" results for "DELIV1" or "DELIV2"

5. Save the file as "Dem01_Library_Fluid.tgw" (in the directory \My Documents\MySimulations\Training)

6. Select the "SUPPLY"; double click on it and go to the "General" tab; from the "Fluid" drop-<lownlist select the "Gulf Coast Gu" fluid (existing in the library) and click on the "Apply" button.

7. Run Steady State and compare the results for "Heating Value' "DELIV1" or "DELIV2" using theconfigurations: "Dem01.tgw" and "Dem01_Library_Fluid.tgw"

3.26 Workspace View

The Workspace View gives an overview of all the objects in the network. The number in brackets aftereach object shows the number of elements of that type of objects in the network.

To view/edit the details of an element, click on the + sign to display the elements. Double click theelement and the detail dialog appears.

You can position the Workspace View anywhere within the pipe/inestudio workspace. If you move itclose to a side, the Workspace Vi_ will dock with (or attach itself to) that side. You can un-dock it bydragging it to a new position.

The Workspace View is a convenient way to gain a general view of all the objects in the whole network.The structure of the Workspace View enables you to view each object type and the detail properties ofeach object.You can work with the Workspace Vi_ in various ways:

1. To display the Workspace VI_, click the Show or hide workspace view bullon on the Standardtoolbar or select VlewlWorkspace View.

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2. To display the object items in the Workspace View, either click on the + sign or double-click theobject that has a figure greater than zero in the brackets on the Conflg tab.

Workspace IXI

3. To display an objecfs corresponding Details dialog, double-click the object and the relevantDetails dialog displays.

4. To reposition the Workspace View, click on its title bar and hold the mouse button down as youdrag the dialog to a new position. Then, release the mouse button.

5. To dock the Workspace View with the side or top of the workspace to which it was last docked,double-click its title bar. To un-dock it, double-click its title bar.

6. To close the Workspace View, click its close button or click the Workspace View button on theStandard toolbar.

pipelinestudio~ 3-19 ol . 9energys utlons.


3.27 Exercise 3G:

1. Open the file ""Dem01_Library]luid.tgw" (from the directory: IMy Documents\MySimulationslTraining)

2. save the file as "Dem01_Library_Fluid2.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulationslTraining)

3. Double click on the "SUPPLY" and go to the "General" tab; from the "Fluid" drop-down listselect the "North Sea" (existing in the library) and click on the "Apply" button.

4. Click on the "Details" button; from the new dialog click on the "Rename... " button, change thename to "North Sea-2" and click on the "OK" button.

5. Click on the "OK" button to close the "Details for Compositional Fluid" dialog and click on the"OK" button to close the "Details for Supply" dialog.

6. Run steady state and verify the heating value

7. Open the Visw menu and select "Workspace View" or click the "Show or hide workspaceview" button on the "Standard" toolbar.

8. Expand the "Workspace VIew" window by dragging the right side of the window and move it tothe right until is possible to view the information.

9. search for "Composltlona. Fluids" and click on the "+" sign

10. Select the fluid "North $ea-2", right click on it and select "Add to Library"

11. Go to TGNET Library and click on the "+" sign

12. Search for "Compositional Fluids" and click on the "+" sign

13. Verify that the fluid "North 5ea-2" has been added; now is available for existing or newconfigurations.

3.28 Importing and exporting library data

Library data of the same type can be imported and exported, this allows the users to share library dataand also data can be preserved when upgrades or new version of software are installed. The LibraryImport/Export dialog can be accessed from the menu File I Import I Library Data... or File I Export ILibrary Data...

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The library import/export dialog has two tree views. On the left is the local/resident library data; this is thedata that is available to configurations. On the right is the library data file, this is the data that can besaved and reloaded.

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The user exports elements from the local library to the library data file and imports from a library data fileto the local library.

Each tree view is organized by element type. Each element type listed also shows how many elementsexist for that type. Double clicking an element type or selecting the [+] (plus) symbol preceding the typename will expand the tree to show the elements of that type.

Exporting/Importing Single Element

To export or import a single element, expand the tree view to the element you are interested in. Selectthe element and click the single chevron button ([>] or [<]) that is pointing in the direction you would like totransfer the element. Choose [>] to export from the local library to the library data file. Choose [<] toimport from the library data file to the local library.

The element will be transferred and the tree view corresponding to its destination will be updated.If an element with the same name already exists then: if the data for the element is identical the transferwill have no effect; if the data differs, a new element will be created with a number appended to the end ofthe name. Elements can be renamed and deleted (see below for renaming and deleting elements).If the element being transferred refers to other elements, then any referenced elements are alsotransferred. The same rules for identical names and data also apply to the referenced elements that aretransferred.

Exporting All Elements of a Type

All the element of a given type can be transferred at the same time. select the element type you areinterested in and click the single chevron button ([>] or [<]) that points to the direction you would like totransfer the elements.All the element of that type will be transferred along with all elements that are referenced. The rulesdescribed above for identical names and data apply for each element transferred.

Exporting All Elements

pipelinestudio~ 3-21 energysotutions?


To transfer all the elements you can either click the double chevron button ([»] or [«]) that is pointing inthe direction that you would like to transfer the elements. Or you can select the root node of a tree andpress the single chevron button ([>] or [<]) that points to the direction that you would like to transfer theelements.All elements will be transferred. The rules described above for identical names and data apply for eachelement transferred.

3.29 Exercise 3H:

1. Open the file "Dem01_Library-Fluid2.tgw" (from the directory: lMy DocumentslMySimulations\Training)

2. Save the file as "Dem01_Library-Export.tgw" (in the directory: \My DocumentslMySimulalions\Training)

3. Open the "File" menu, go to "Export" and select "Library Data•..".

4. Press the "»" button; verify that the information available in the left side has been copied to theright side window.

5. Press the "Save As" button and browse to the directory: \My DocumentslMySimulations\Training.

6. Create a new directory name "Library" and replace the name "Untitled.TGNetLlbrary" for"My_Library.TGNetLibrary" and press the "Save" button.

7. Close the "Library Import/Export" dialog.

8. Use Windows Explorer to verify that the library is available under: lMy DocumentslMySimulations\Training \Library

3.30 Exercise 31:1. Open the file "Dem01_Library_Export.tgw" (from the directory: \My Documents\My

Simulations\Training)

2. Save the file as "Dem01_LibraryJmport.lgw" (in the directory: \My DocumentslMySimulations\Training)

3. Open the "File" menu, go to "Import" and select "Library Data...".

4. Browse to the directory: lMy DocumentslMy Simulalions\Training \Library; select"My-Library.TGNetLibrary' file and press the 'Open" button.

5. If the "Confirmation -l..ibrary Element" dialog appears it means that one or more elementshave the same name but different data; if that is the case press the "Yes", "Yes to all", 'No", or"No to all" accordingly to preserve or overwrite the data.

6. To copy de library elements press the "«" button; verify that the information available in theright side has been copied to the left side window

7. Verify that the elements are available in both windows.

8. Close the "Library Import/Export" dialog

pipelinestudjo~ 3-22 I . 4»energyso ut/ons,

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3.31 Related Tips:

• You can use the Tools ICustomize... menu item to add programs that you frequently use to the Toolsmenu. You might, for example, add the Windows Calculator program to the Tools menu.

• You can customize the color of devices such as pipes, compressors and external regulators bychoosing Options from the Tools menu and selecting the Color tab.

• You can have the Graphical Configurator automatically load the last configuration you were workingon when the program starts. Choose Options from the Tools menu, select the General tab and check"Reload last document at startup".

• In the Network Validation results window, you can highlight most errors or warnings and then pressthe Return key to see a dialog for the object that has the error or warning.

• You can change the look of your pipeline segment without adding additional nodes by selectingGraphical Nodes from the View menu: this provides you with two additional points on each pipelinesegment.

• You can turn text labels on and off for nodes, pipes, equipment and external regulators on theNetwork View tab of the Tools Options dialog.

• You can have the Graphical Configurator write comments into the keyword file by checking the 'Writecomments into the keyword file" box on the Validation/Export tab of the Tools Options dialog.

• You can insert a picture into your file by choosing Object from the Insert menu; selecting an objecttype such as a bitmap and then clicking on the OK button.

• In the Network Validation results window, you can press the F5 key to re-validate the network.

• If your imported keyword file presents a network that is compressed to the point that it is difficult tospread out, try removing the node co-ordinates from the keyword file. This will spread out yournetwork into a more manageable picture.

• You can change the size of labels in the Network View on the Network View tab of the Tools Optionsdialog.

• If you need support using pipelinestudio, e-mail [email protected].

• If you have problems importing an existing keyword file, run it through the keyword processor toensure that the keyword file is valid.

• You can insert any OLE object (for example a bitmap) into a network view by choosing Object fromthe Insert menu

• You can make an OLE object a "background" object so that you do not inadvertently select it. This isuseful for bitmaps that form a backdrop for the pipeline network.

• To make an OLE object a "background" object, select the object, right click and select "Send toBackground" from the popup menu.

pipe/inestudio~ 3-23 I . 0energyso utlOns.

Lab 4


PipelineStudio Output


The purpose of this lab is to introduce you to the methods used for changing visual and data output inpipelinestudio.


• Modify network view properties

• Color a network by deviceipipe/data item

• Assign input and output data blocks

• View data blocks and block owners

• Use the format painter

• Use the push pin

• Build pipeline profiles

• Run a transient simulation

• Run a transient restart

• Run multiple simulations

• Build trend graphs and view trend files

• Print tables, trend and profile curves and network views

• Working with reports and Excel reports

4.1 Setting a wallpaper background

To set the color of the wallpaper (or display an image):

1. Open the Tools menu and choose Options or right-click on the workspace and choose UseWallpaper from the pop-up menu. The Options dialog displays.

2. On the General tab, click the checkbox next to Use Wallpaper. The Settings••• butlon becomesactive.

3. Click the Settings... butlon. The Wallpaper dialog appears.

4. Select to use a solid color, shade patlem (Vertical, Horizontal, or Angled), or image.

5. If you selected Solid Color, set the color using the Color 1 butlon. Click it to display a standardWindows Color dialog. Select a color and click OK.

If you selected a shade patlem, set the starting color of the shade using the Color 1 butlon. Click it todisplay a standard Windows Color dialog. Select a color and click OK. Then, set the ending color ofthe shade using the Color 2 button. If you selected Angled shade, enter the angle of the shade also.

If you selected Image, click the Browse••. butlon. The Open dialog appears, which you can use tolocate an image. You can select any of these image file types: bitmaps, device independent bitmaps,or JPEG. Select the image then click Open. The image name appears in the File Name field. Select ifyou want to stretch the image to fit the workspace or tile it (repeat the image to fit the space).

7. Click OK when done. The wallpaper is added to the workspace.

4.2 Setting Network View Properties

To set the network view properties:

1. Open the View menu and choose Properties. The Network View Properties dialog appears.



2. Set the desired network view properties.

3. Click OK when done. The network view properties are set.

4.3 Working with colors

You can set the color of:

• The wallpaper (background) for the workspace (the main area of pipelinestudio where networkviews, table views, the Property View, etc. appear),

• Data blocks and data block connections (the lines drawn between a data block and their ownernetwork elements),

• Data items,

• Pipes,

• Devices (network elements),

• Charts,

• The background for all network views, and

• The grid.

NOTE: Data items, pipes, and devices can be colored using a color scheme. The procedure for setting acolor scheme is explained in a different topic.

Data block and chart colors are also explained in different topics.

Setting the network view background

To set the color of the background for network views:

1. Open the View menu and choose Properties. The N.twork View Properties dialog appears.

2. Click on the Coloring tab.

3. Click the Change... button next to Background Fill. The Network View Background dialogappears.

4. Select to use a solid color, shade pattern (Vertical, Horizontlll, or Angled), or image.

5. If you selected Solid Color, set the color using the Color 1 button. Click it to display a standardWindows Color dialog. Select a color and click OK.

If you selected a shade pattern, set the starting color of the shade using the Color 1 button. Click it todisplay a standard Windows Color dialog. Select a color and click OK. Then, set the ending color ofthe shade using the Color 2 button. If you selected Angled ahad., enter the angle of the shade also.

If you selected Imag., click the Bro_•••• button. The Open dialog appears, which you can use tolocate an image. You can select any of these image file types: bitmaps, device independent bitmaps,or JPEG. Select the image then click Open. The image name appears in the File Nam. field. Select ifyou want to stretch the image to fit the workspace or tile it (repeat the image to fit the space).

6. Click OK when done. The background fill is added to all network views.

4.4 Setting a color scheme

You can create a color scheme to apply to pipes, devices (network elements), and data items.

Setting a color scheme

To set a color scheme:

1. Open the Vi.w menu and choose Prop.rti••. The NetwOrk View Properties dialog appears.

pipelinestudio~ 4-2 I . 0energyso ut'ons.



3. To color pipes, open the drop down list and select Device Type, Status, or a property range(pressure, flow, temperature, etc.). You can also click on the Color By Knot checkbox. Then, clickthe Details.•. button. The Color Schemes dialog appears.

To color devices (network elements), open the drop down list and select Single Color, Device Type,Status, or a property range (pressure, flow, temperature, etc.). Then, click the Details ... button. TheColor Schemes dialog appears.

To color data items, open the drop down list and select Single Color or Unit Category. Then, clickthe Details ... button. The Color Schemes dialog appears.

For pipes or devices, if you selected Device Type, the Color Schemes dialog appears with theDevice Types tab displayed. If you selected Status, the Status tab is displayed. If you selected aproperty range, the Ranges tab is displayed.

For devices and data items, if you selected Single Color, the Color Schemes dialog appears withthe Single Color tab displayed.

For data items, if you selected Unit Category, the Color Schemes dialog appears with the UnitCategories tab displayed.

4. For the Device Types tab, select an object (either all objects, a specific type of network element,nodes, or pipes). Then, click on a color.

For the Single Color tab, select whether you want to set a single color for data items or devices(network elements). Then, click on a color.

For the Status tab, select a specific type of network element or a pipe. Then, set a color for eachstatus (the status change based on the object selected); click on the drop down color list to see thecolors from which you can choose.

For the Ranges tab, select a property to color. Set ranges, entering values in the From and To fields.Then, select a color for the range; click on the drop down color list to see the colors from which youcan choose. Then, set up a legend that will show the ranges and colors on a network view (select afont and legend position). To use these settings as the default for any new configurations, click theUse As Default For New Documenta button.

For the Unit Categories tab, select a color for a Unit Category; click on the drop down color list tosee the colors from which you can choose.

5. Click OK when done. The color scheme is set.

pipelinestud;o~ 4-3 energysolutions?


~~::;:~:eea~:lIpaper in the plpelinestudio background before opening a file. To do this, rightclick on the background and select Use Wallpaper. Select the wallpaper properties you wish touse.

2. Open the \My Documenls\My Simulations\TGNEnDemos\Demo.tgw

3. Save the file as "Demo_Network_View.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documenls\MySimulations\Training)

4. Modify the background fill with the following different setups (finish with the solid dark blueoption):

• Angled color - 45° with two colors of your choice• Solid color - dark blue

5. Reconfigure your device colors as follows:• Nodes - brown• Supply - blue• Delivery - magenta (bright purple)• Fuel Delivery - grey• Leak Delivery - cyan (bright blue)• Pipe - bright green• Block Valve - forest green• Regulator - grey-blue• Centrifugal Compressor - bright green• Generic Compressor - orange

6. Change the label font size to 20 and color to blue.

7. Save the configuration file.

4.6 Setting view options

As you work with pipe/inestudio, you can customize View settings to meet your needs.

You can choose to show or hide toolbars and/or the Status Bar, or set how pipelinestudio is displayed.

You can display pipelinestudio in a workbook mode, where tabs are displayed that represent each openwindow. Or, you can display pipelinestudio in a full screen mode, where the active window takes up yourentire screen (no menu, toolbars, or other windows are displayed).

4.7 Showing/hiding the Status Bar and toolbars

To show/hide the Status Bar:

• Open the View menu and select Status Bar.

To show/hide toolbars:

1. Open the View menu and select Toolbars. The Toolbars dialog appears.

2. Click on the checkbox next to the toolbars you want to show/hide.

TIP: You can also set how toolbars look and create a new toolbar by clicking New... or customize atoolbar by clicking on Customize.... The procedure for customizing a toolbar is explained in adifferent topic.

3. Click Close when done.

Using the Workbook Mode or Full Screen mode

To use the workbook mode:

pipe/inesfudio4) 4-4 I . 0energyso utlons.


1. Open the View menu and select Workbook Mode. Tabs representing each open window appear atthe bottom of the screen. Icons representing the tab contents (a network or a table) and theconfiguration file name are displayed on the tab.

2. To view a window, you can select its tab or click on its title bar.

3. To return to the normal mode, open the View menu and select Workbook Mode again.

To use the full screen mode:

1. Make the window you want to view the active window.

2. Open the View menu and select Full Screen. The pipelinestudio application now occupies theentire screen. A toolbar with one button on it, Toggle Full Screen, appears.

3. To return to the normal mode, click on the Toggle Full Screen button or press the Esc key.

TIP: You can use the Workbook Mode and Full Screen mode together.

Showing/Hiding objects

While working with a network view, you can show or hide different types of objects, such as nodes,equipment, etc.

To show/hide objects:

Open the View menu and choose to show/hide:

• Graphical Nodes

• Nodes• Equipment

• External Regulators

• Legend• Flow Arrows

• Data Blocks

• Data Block Owners

NOTE: You can set options on the Network View Properties dialog that affect whether object tooltipsand object labels are shown or hidden. An object tooltip is a pop-up description of an object thatappears when you leave the cursor over that object momentarily; it disappears when the cursor ismoved off the object. Labels are text descriptions of nodes, pipes, equipment, and externalregulators shown in a network view. The procedure for setting Network View Properties isexplained in a different topic.

4.8 Using Find for a network view

You can use the Find function to locate a specific network element or pipe in a network view. This isuseful for large pipeline networks.

Using Find for a network view

To use Find:


2. Open the Edit menu and choose Find. The Find dialog appears.

3. Enter the name of the network element, pipe, or node.

4. Click OK. If pipelinestudio locates the object, the object is selected and the network view scrolls toit. If the object is not located, an error message appears.

pipelinesfudio~ 4-5 energyso/utions~


4.9 Working with data blocks

Adding a data block

You can add data blocks to network elements and pipes in a network view.

NOTE: This procedure describes how to add a data block to a single network element. To add a datablock to all network elements of one type, use the Data Items Wizard.

TIP: After adding a data block, you can add data items to the data block using the Data Items wizard(select Insert/Data Items Wizard) or double-click on the data block and add data ttems using theData Items tab.

TIP: You can create one data block to use as a gO-by. Then, use the Format Painter tool (on theStandard toolbar) to add/modify data blocks (patterned after the go-by) to other networkelements of the same type.

NOTE: You can set a color scheme to use for data items. The procedure for setting a color scheme isexplained in a different topic.

To add a data block to a network element or pipe:

1. In a network view, click on the network element/pipe to which you want to add the data block.

2. Click the Data Block button on the Drawing Tools toolbar, or select Insert/Data Block.

3. The Data Block dialog displays. Complete the dialog by selecting the properties you want to display(Data Items tab), setting data orientation and block style settings (Colors/Orientation tab), andselecting general data block properties (Data Block System sattlngs tab).

TIP: To add text to a data block, add the property Text1 to the list of selected properties on the DataItems tab. After closing the data block dialog, right-click on Text1 (Not Set) on the data block. Apop-up menu appears from which you can select Edit Value. Type your text and press the Enterkey.

4. Click OK when done. The data block is added to the network view.

Displaying data blocks and data block connections

To show/hide data blocks and/or data block connections:

• To show or hide data blocks, open the View menu and select Data Blocks. If data blocks arecurrently shown, then they will be hidden (and vice versa).

TIP: If you are zooming a network view, data blocks can "disappear". This is because the text pointsize is too small for pipellnestudio to draw. However, if you zoom in again, data blocks appearagain.

• To show or hide data block connections (the lines connecting data blocks to their owners), open theView menu and select Data Block Owners. If data block connections are currently shown, then theywill be hidden (and vice versa)..

NOTE: You can set a color to use for data block connections (using the Coloring tab Network ViewProperties dialog, accessed by selecting View/Properties). The procedure for setting NetworkView properties are explained in a different topic.

4.10 Using the Data Items Wizard

You can use the Data Items Wizard to easily add data items to new or existing data blocks, or replaceexisting data blocks with new ones.

TIP: You can set a color scheme for how data items are displayed. You can also set general dataitems options (using the Data Block System Settings tab on the Network View Properties



dialog, accessed by selecting View/Properties). The procedures for selling a color scheme andselling Network View properties are explained in different topics.

Adding data items using the Data Items Wizard

To add data items:

1. Select the network element or pipe to which you want to add data items.

2. Open the Insert menu and choose Datil Items Wizard, or click the Data Items Wizard bullon on theDrawing Tools toolbar. The Add Datil Items Wizard Step 1 of 3 dialog appears.

3. If you selected more than one object in step 1, click on the type of object to which you want to adddata items. Otherwise, go to step 4.

4. Click the Next bullon. The Add Datil Items Wizard Step 2 of 3 dialog appears.

5. Complete the Add Data Items WIzard Step 2 of 3 dialog (selecting the data items you want to add)and click the Next bullon. The Add Data Items WIzard Step 3 of 3 dialog appears.

6. Complete the Add Data Items Wizard Step 3 of 3 dialog. If a data block already exists for thenetwork element or pipe, choose whether you want to add data items to the existing data block,create a new data block for the data items, or replace the existing data block with a new data block.

7. Click the Finish bullon. The Datil Items Wizard closes and the data items are added.

4.11 Editing a data block

You can make changes to a data item in a data block and to all data block properties.

TIP: You can add data items to existing data blocks using the Datil Items wizard (selectlnsertiOatllItems Wizard).

TIP: You can create one data block to use as a go-by. Then, use the Format Painter tool (on theStandard toolbar) to add/modify data blocks (pallerned after the go-by) to other networkelements of the same type.

Editing a data item

To edit a data item on a data block:

1. In a network view, move the cursor over the desired data item in a data block, then right-click on theproperty. It is selected and a pop-up menu appears.

2. Select the desired function from the pop-up menu: set To, Edit Value, or Show Units. Whichfunctions are available depends on the type of data item selected. To make changes to all properties,select Data Block Properties. The Data Block dialog appears.

If you select Set To, the Set To dialog displays. You can use it to set a new value for the data item.Make the changes and click OK.

If you select Edit Value, you can type a new value directly for the data item on the data block. Then,press the Enter key.

If you select Show Units, the corresponding units for all data items on all data blocks in the networkview are displayed (if Show Units did not have a checkmark next to it already) or hidden (if there wasalready a checkmark). This is the same as the Display Unite with datil option on the Data BlockSystem Settings tab of the Datil Block dialog.

Editing data block properties

To edit a data block's properties:

1. Double-click on the desired data block. The Data Block dialog displays.



2. Make your changes to the dialog.


4.12 Moving a data block

If you select Move Data Blocks with pipeline objects on the Data Block System Settings tab of theData Block dialog, data blocks are automatically moved if you move their corresponding networkelements. Open the View menu and choose Properties to display the Data Block dialog.

However, if Move Data Blocks with pipeline objects is not selected, data blocks remain in place if youmove their corresponding network elements.

Moving a data block

To move a data block:

1. Click on the desired data block. It is selected.

2. Drag it to a new position in the network view.

3. Release the mouse button when the data block is where you want it.

NOTE: The dashed line which connects the data block to its corresponding network elementautomatically adjusts its placement when you move a data block or network element.

4.13 Deleting a data block

NOTE: Once you remove a data block, you cannot undo the deletion.

NOTE: If you delete a network element that owns a data block, the data block is also removed.

To delete a data block (or data blocks):

1. Select the data block(s).

2. Press the Delete key. Or, right-click on a data block to display a pop-up menu from which you canselect Delete Selected Data Blocks. A message appears, asking if you want to delete the selecteddata block(s).

3. Click the Yee button to delete the data block(s). The message closes and the data blocks are deleted.

Setting colors for data block connections and the grid

To set the color of the data block connections and the grid:

1. Open the View menu and choose Properties. The Network Vi_ Propertlee dialog appears.


3. Click the Change..• button next to Grid or Data Block Connections, depending on which one youwant to set the color for. A standard Windows Color dialog appears.

4. Select a color and click OK.

5. Click OK when done. The color(s) for grid and/or data block connections is set.

4.14 Using the Format Painter

The Format Painter is an extremely useful tool that allows you to set the style and/or properties for anetwork element, pipe, or data block, then apply the style/properties to other objects of the same type.

TIP: Click the PushPin button on the Standard toolbar to use the Format Painter repeatedly. If youdo not have the PushPin selected, the Format Painter tool changes back to the Select cursorafter one use.

-------------------------------pipelinestudio~ 4-8

, . 0energyso utlons.


The object you want to use as a model is called the master. Objects you want to pattem after the masterare called targets.

Using the Format Painter to style a data block

1. Set up a data block to use as the master, then seled tt in a network view.

2. Click on the Fonnat Painter button on the Standard toolbar.

3. Click on the target data block. It is changed to resemble the master. If you have the PushPin buttonselected, you can repeat this step.

Using the Format Painter to add data blocks to a network element/pipe

To add the same data block to another network element of the same type (e.g. if you already have a datablock for a block valve, you can add a similar data block to another block valve) or a pipe:

1. Select the master data block.


3. Click on a network element (or pipe) of the same type as the master. A data block pattemed after themaster is added. If you have the PushPin button seleded, you can repeat this step.

Using the Format Painter with a network element/pipe

NOTE: The Format Painter does not work with nodes.

To copy the properties of a network element/pipe to another object of the same type:

1. Set up a object to use as the master, then select it in a network view.


3. Click on the target object(s). They are changed to resemble the master. If you have the PushPinbutton selected, you can repeat this step.

4.15 Exercise 48:

1. Open the \My Documents\My SimulationslTGNEnDemoslDemo.tgw

2. Save the file as 'Demo_Data_Blocks.tgw" (in the directory: \My DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

3. Open the "View" menu and seled'Lock DraWing", or click the 'Lock Drawing" button on the'Drawing Tools" toolbar to unlock the drawing.

4. Run steady state

5. Add a data block for one supply and one delivery xreg to show pressure, flow and temperature.Use the Format Painter to copy the data blocks to each supply and delivery xregs. Use thesame procedure to add a data block to the two compressors (with upstream pressure,downstream pressure and power required).

6. Edit the delivery xreg data blocks by changing the data shown to include fluid density.

7. Edit any data block and change the data orientation, border style, fill and border line to suit.Apply your setting to all data blocks.

8. (If needed) Go into the Data Block System Settings tab and change the font size and color tomatch the block settings you have chosen.

9. Save your configuration file.

pipelinesfudio04-9 I . 0energyso utlons"


4.16 Transient scenario considerations

1. If you only want to run a steady-state simulation, a transient scenario is not required.

2. The length of the longest ramp in the transient scenario controls the length of the transient simulation.

3. You enter a ramp schedule using a list of values and times. Ending values and times for the rampchange are required. The starting value for a setpoint and time (defined as zero) is obtained from theinitial steady state.

4. You cannot enter an initial time of zero in the ramp list.

5. Ramp values and times must be entered in pairs.

6. The minimum and maximum time steps and the time step accuracy have default values suitable formost simulations. Normally, you do not need to set these (these are advanced simulation controls).

7. A setpoint value must have been previously specified for the device (network element) before thedevice can be ramped.

8. More than one constraint can be ramped for a device at a time. To do so, you would add anotherconstraint to the Transient Scenario table for the device.

9. Compressor power cannot be ramped to zero. Likewise, compression ratio cannot be ramped to 1. Inorder to shut down a compressor, the compressor status can be set to On or Off.

4.17 Creating a transient scenario

pipe/inestudio allows you to build a transient scenario to use when running a transient simulation. In thetransient scenario, you select network elements for which you want to change the setpoint values overdifferent time periods (ramp intervals).

NOTE: Before running a transient simulation, you should run a steady-state simulation.

After running a transient simulation, you can view transient and trend output reports, along with outputtables. You can use the chart and trend plot tools to visually display data.

NOTE: Only those setpoints that you want to change dUring the simulation need to be specified.

To create a transient scenario:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Transient Scenario. The Transient Scenario tableappears. It is blank when you first open it. You will add network elements to it for which you want toset a ramp.

2. Right-click on the Transient SCenario table. A pop-up menu appears.

3. Select Insert Row. The Insert a Ramp dialog appears.

4. Select a device type, device name, and setpoint from the drop down lists.

5. Click OK when done. The dialog closes and the device type, name, and setpoint are added to theTransient Scenario table. The units for the setpoint and the initial value (from the steady state) arealso added.

NOTE: If you select a device type that is not in the pipeline network, no items will be listed in the DeviceName drop down list. If you select a setpoint that does not have a value, you will see a messagestating the problem. Either select a different setpoint or enter the corresponding value in theDetails dialog for the network element.

6. Repeat steps 2-5 until all device types that you want to ramp the setpoint for are added to the table.

7. To add a ramp time column, select the last column of a row then right-click on it. A pop-up menuappears.

8. Select Insert Column After from the menu. A new column appears, using a pre-determined rampinterval.

pipelinesfudio~ 4-10 energysolutions?


TIP: To add a new ramp time column between existing columns, select the column to the right ofwhere you want to insert the new column and choose Insert Column Before.

9. Enter new setPOint values in the ramp time columns for the desired device types.

10. To change the ramp time value for a column, select the column then right-elick on it. A pop-up menuappears. Select Reschedule Ramp Time.... The Reschedule Ramp Time dialog appears. Enter anew relative time and click OK.

11. You can also delete or copy/paste rows and ramp time columns.

12. You can use the Set To function to change all the values in a row or a column. You must first selectthe entire row or column.

13. To filter data, right-click on the table. A pop-up menu appears. Choose Filter••.. The Filter Optionsdialog appears. You can filter by device type or device name. To remove a filter, select None. ClickOK when done with the Filter Options dialog. The table data is filtered accordingly.

14. To save a transient scenario, right-elick on the table. A pop-up menu appears. Choose Save. Thetransient scenario is saved.

15. Click the close button for the table's window when done.

4.18 Working with trend plots

After running a transient simulation, you can generate a trend plot.The trend viewer provides a user-friendly interface that allows users to create new trend plots moreeasily; the main features are:

• Trends can be added to an existing graph on either the right or left axis, or to an existing plottingwindow in a new area.

• Trends of different properties can be added to the same trend plot as either left or right axes or withinup to six different areas.

• Trends of different configurations or scenarios can be added to the same trend plots.

• Trend plots can be saved / exported / printed in different formats: MetaFile, BMP, JPG, PNG orText/Data Only to file / clipboard / printer.

• The trend plot data can also be exported to the Windows Clipboard and pasted to MS Excelspreadsheets or Word documents

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Creating a trend plot

1. Open the Chart menu and choose Trend Plot. The pipelinestudio Trending program appears,displaying two main windows (Available Data and Graphs windows) trend plot.

2. The available data window shows a data tree. This data tree will automatically expand to the caseyou have open if trend data is available for it. If not it automatically selects the product you arechoosing and you may select your case manually.

3. To create a trend graph expand the data tree, using the + icon, to the element type and element.Either double click the data item to view or right click and add to a graph area.

4. To view data co-ordinates, move the cursor over the graph area. The Data Table box shows the co-ordinates.

5. To view a spreadsheet-style table of trend data, select Da" Valu.. from the View menu.

6. To save the trend plot as a picture, click select Export form the File menu.

7. To print a trend plot, click the Print from the File menu.

8. Click Close when done.

4.19 Exercise 4C:

1. Open the file: \My Documents\My Simulations\TGNEnDemos\Demo.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Demo_Trends.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\My Simulations\Training)

3. Open the Simulation menu and choose "Transient Scenario", or click on the "ScenarioEditor" button on the Simulation toolbar

4. Verify the information available in the transient scenario and close it.

5. From the "Network View" search for the delivery "DOW", double click on it, select the "Trends"tab and verify that the "Pressure" and Flow" trends are selected.

6. Run the Transient Simulation (open the "Simulation" menu and select "Transient", or click onthe "Transient" button on the "Simulation" toolbar)

7. Once that the transient simulation finish, open the "Chart" menu and choose "Trend Plot", orclick on the "Trend Plot" button on the Simulation toolbar.

8. From the"Available Data" window, select (+) Xreg; and search for the delivery "DOW";generate one trend graph using the variables "Pressure" and "Flow".

9. Add the main title "Delivery DOW", the sub title "Transient Scenario" and change the fontcolor.

10. Change the variables line properties (Color and Line Type).

11. Right click on the trend graph, from the menu select "Export Dialog... ", in the "Export" dialogselect "BMP" and press the "EXport' button.

12. Start any Microsoft Office application (WinWord, PowerPoint or Excel) and select "Paste"

4.20 Re-starting a transient scenario

Once you have run a transient scenario, you might want to continue the transient simulation, starting atthe time at which the previous simulation finished. The final results from the last transient simulation aresaved, and are used as a starting point if you re-start the transient simulation.

To re-start a transient simulation:

1. Update the transient scenario.

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energyso utlOns.




4. Click the Transient Restart button on the Simulation toolbar, or open the Simulation menu andchoose Transient Restart.

4.21 Running multiple configuration files in the simulator

You can run multiple configuration files (also referred to as cases) sequentially through the simulator,using the Multiple Case Tool.

NOTE: If you have both TGNET ~d TLNET installed, you can only run files of one type (either TGNET orTLNET) using the Multiple C_ Tool at the same time. Make sure that the desired configurationwindow is active when you start the Mu~iple Case Tool. The type of configuration, gas or liquid,will determine whether TGNET or TLNET is run, respectively.

TIP: You should set simulation options and validate a pipeline network before running a simulation.

Using the Multiple Case Tool

1. Open the Tools menu and choose Multiple Case Tool. The Multiple Case Tool dialog appears.

2. Set a new working directory, if desired, then select the cases you want to run, in the order that youwant to run them. Select a case, then click Add». It is added to the Cases to Run list.

3. Click Run. The simulator runs the selected cases sequentially using the order set in the Cases toRun list. Messages appear in the bottom half of the dialog (if you do not have Suppress all prograssinformation selected).

4. Click Close when done with the Multiple Can Tool. You can view the simulation output resulls inpipelinestudio.

4.22 Exercise 40:

1. Open the file: \My Documenls\My Simulations\TGNEnDemos\Demo.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Demo_Transient_5cen.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training)

3. Open the Simulation menu and choose "Transient Scenario", or click on the "ScenarioEditor" button on the Simulation toolbar

4. Modify the transient scenario by deleting the rows from 2 to 7. (leave the delivery "Harris" only)save and close the transient scenario.

5. Run the Transient Simulation

6. Review the trends for the delivery "Harris"

7. Run a transient restart using the following scenario for the delivery "Harris":_ Max Flow: 105 110 120-Time: 456

8. Save the copy of the restart as "Demo_Trans_Restart.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulations\Training)

9. View the trend graph for the delivery "Harris" using the re-start case.

10. Close the file.

pipelinestudio~ 4-13 I . 0energyso utlOns.


4.23 Working with charts

After running a simulation, you can quickly create and edit charts based on these profiles for pipes (iconsfor them appear in your toolbar):

• Pressure,• Flow,• Pressure & Flow,• Temperature,• Elevation,

In addition to the predefined charts listed above, you can additionally chart the following profiles, either ontheir own or by adding them to one of the predefined charts:

• Pipe diameter (inside), calculated wall thickness, friction factor, roughness• Ambient temperature• Fluid velocity or viscosity, Reynold's Number

You can either create a chart on your own or by using the Profile Wizard. The procedure for using theProfile Wizard is explained later.

You can set general properties that apply to a chart view or properties that apply to chart items (such as alegend, axes, etc.). If you create a chart format that you want to use for other charts, you can save it witha unique name, and optionally set its format as the default. Of particular interest in transient simulations,you can create a table that appears on the chart displaying the value of the plotted variables at the cursorlocation; you can also enable the display of historical lines that display how the profile plot has evolvedovertime.

You can print and export a chart as a graphic also.

Creating a chart

To create a chart:

1. In a network view, select a pipe (or pipes).

2. Select the desired chart type from the icons in the toolbar (P, C, PC, T, E, HE). A chart is created andappears in a chart view window.

3a. Alternatively, open the Chart menu and choose Profiles. A sub-menu appears, listing a variety ofprofile types.

3b. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose the profile type you want to chart. A chart is createdand appears in a chart view window.

Setting general chart view properties

To set general chart view properties:

1. Make sure that a chart view is the active window.

2. Right-click on the chart and choose Properties. The Chart Contents dialog appears. You can usethis dialog to select which properties are displayed on a chart and set how they look (their scaling,line colour and choice of axis). You can also set the chosen colours to be the default for new charts.

TIP: You can add more than one property to an axis; each additional property will have its own scaleadded next to the existing axis.

3. To modify chart characteristics, right-click on the chart and select the appropriate menu item. You canselect to show or hide a border, legend or shadow for the chart; you can also adjust the appearanceof the grid, include data labels, show markers for each data point, adjust the numeric precision. Inaddition, you can save the style of the chart for future use, or call up a saved style and apply it to yourexisting chart.



To add a text block to the chart, click Add T.xt Block.... The T.xt Block Properti.s dialog appears.Complete the dialog and click .OK.

NOTE: You can add one or more text blocks to a chart.

To remove a text block, select it then click Del.te T.xt Block.

Once you have selected a properly, click Apply to generate its curve on the chart. You can thenmodify the curve attributes for the properly. With the properly selected, click Curv. D.tails.... TheData S.ries Prop.rties dialog appears. Complete the dialog and click OK.

Chart Profile Settings

To set chart profile settings:

1. Make sure that a chart view is the active window.

2. Select the Chart menu, then Profile Settings.

3. In the Vi.w tab, you can specify that you want the values of the chart at the cursor location to appearin a box in the location of your choosing, and you can edit the font used in that box. You may need toredraw the chart window (e.g. by changing its size) in order for the values box to be shown.

4. In the Historical Lines tab, you can indicate whether you want just the latest data to be shown in atransient simulation, or whether you want data from past time-steps to be shown as well. You can setthe number of previous historical lines, and their graphical characteristics (how often to draw thelines, how much fading between each one).

5. Click OK when done. The chart profile settings are set.

Setting a chart format as the default

To set a chart format to use as the default

1. Make sure that the chart view is the active window.

2. Open the Chart menu and choose U.. As D.fault Chart Fonnat. The current chart properties anditem properties are set as the default.

Exporting chart data

You can export output data from a chart. To export data:

1. Make sure that the desired chart view is the active window.

2. Right-click anywhere on the chart. A pop-up menu appears.

3. Choose Export Dialog... from the menu. In the Export section, click on Text/Data, and in the ExportDestination click on File. Then press the Browse button.The Save As dialog appears.


5. Type a new file name.

6. Click OK. The filename is selected, and you are returned to the Exporting Dialog. Now press theExport button, and the data is saved.

Exporting a chart image

You can save a copy of the chart as an image. To export the chart image:


2. Right-click anywhere on the chart. A pop-up menu appears.

•.__...._..._---------------------

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3. Choose Export Dialog... from the menu. In the Export section of the dialog, choose the type of imageyou want (EMF,WMF, BMP, JPG, or PNG). In the Export Size area, choose the desired image sizeand pixel resolution in dots per inch DPI). Lastly, in the Export Destination area, choose the desiredlocation to send the image to, and then press the Export button to actually carry out the export.

4.24 Using the Profile Wizard

After running a simulation, you can create a chart using the Profile Wizard.

NOTE: The Profile Wizard only creates a chart using a pressure profile.

After creating a chart, you can edit the chart and change the properties it displays. The procedure forchanging chart properties is explained in a different topic.

Using the Profile Wizard to create a chart

To use the Profile Wizard:

1. In a network view, select a pipe (or pipes).

2. Open the Chart menu and choose Profile WIzard. The Profile Wizard dialog #1 appears.

3. Select a chart type from the available library. Click More» to view more types. Preview the selectedtype on the right.

4. Click Next>. The Profile Wizard dialog #2 appears.

5. To create a chart, click Finish. The Chart View Properties dialog appears. You can use this dialogto set various chart options. Either set the chart options and click OK, or click Cancel if you do notwant to set any options now.

A chart is created and appears in a chart view window.

4.25 Working with profiles

You can use a network view to select the path along which you want to see a profile chart.

The easiest way to do this is to choose the first pipe that you want to profile and then select the last pipewhile holding down the Shift key; all network elements in between will automatically be selected.

If there is more than one path between the two pipes, you can specify which path you want by showingpipelinestudio, through your selections, which route to take at each junction where there is a choice. Todo this, select the first pipe, then select the pipe just after the junction where the network splits, holdingdown the Shift key. Repeat the process, continuing to hold down the Shift key, until the complete path hasbeen specified.



4.26 Exercise 4E:

1. Open the file: \My Documenls\My Simulalions\TGNET\Demos\Demo.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Demo_Profiles.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\My Simulations\Training)

3. Run Steady State

4. Select the leg portions of the network between the supply "RALEIGH" and the delivery "DOW'.Use the Chart Wizard to create a pipeline profile of pressure.

5. Make the following changes to your profile chart:• Right click on the profile and select set style• Choose the background color as black and gradient as Black and White.• Right click on the profile select Properties• Change the colour to Blue and line style to Thick• Add a velocity profile to your chart, color red, Line style as Medium.• Change your main y-axis scaling to upper value =1000, lower value =0• Select this chart as your default chart type.

6. Save and close the configuration file.

4.27 Printing a network view

Before printing a network view, you can set print setup options and page setup options, which determinehow the network view will print.

Access the print setup options by choosing File/Print Setup. A standard Windows Print Setup dialogappears.

Access the network view page setup options by making sure that a network view is the active window,then choosing File/Page Setup.

Printing a network view

To print a network view:


2. Click the Print button on the Standard toolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print. Yourstandard printer dialog appears.

An option is to preview the network view before you print it. Click the Print Preview button on theStandard toolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print Preview. The Print Preview windowappears. You can view different pages (if more than one), zoom, and print. Click Close when done.

3. Complete the printer dialog and click OK. The network view is printed.

Printing a chart view

To print a chart view:


2. Click the Print button on the Standard loolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print. Yourstandard printer dialog appears.

An option is to preview the chart view before you print it. Click the Print Preview button on theStandard toolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print Previ_. The Print Preview windowappears. You can view different pages (if more than one), zoom, and print. Click Close when done.

3. Complete the printer dialog and click OK. The chart view is printed.

pipelinesludioO 4-17 energysolutions?


4.28 Printing a table view

Before printing a table view, you can set print setup options and page setup options, which determinehow the table view will print.

Access the print setup options by choosing File/Print Setup. A standard Windows Print Setup dialogappears.

Access the table view page setup options by making sure that a table view is the active window, thenchoosing File/Page Setup. The procedure for modifying page setup options for a network view isexplained in a different topic.

You can also create a header and footer to display with a printed table view.

NOTE: Page setup options and the headerlfooter only apply to the specific table view for which they wereset.

Creating a headerlfooter for a table view

To create a headerlfooter:


2. Open the File menu and choose Header/Footer. The Header/Footer dialog appears.

3. On the Header and Footer tabs, enter header text for the left aligned, centered, and right alignedpositions.

4. You can also set the font to use, headerlfooter placement, and page numbering options.

Use the following variables, which are automatically replaced by the actual values when you print thesheet:• $P Page number• $N Total number of pages• $D Date (you can specify the date format using the parameter (%h %m})• $R Name of the sheet• $F Filename• $A Application (or program) name

5. Click OK when done. The headerlfooter is set.

Printing a single sheet of a table view

To print a single sheet:


2. Select the sheet you want to print.

3. Click the Print button on the Standard toolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print. Yourstandard printer dialog appears.

An option is to preview the sheet before you print it. Click the Print Preview button on the Standardtoolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print Preview. The Print Preview window appears. Youcan view different pages (if more than one), zoom, and print. Click Close when done.

4. Complete the printer dialog and click OK. The selected sheet of the table view is printed.

Printing all sheets of a table view

To print all sheets:


2. Open the File menu and choose Print Workbook. Your standard printer dialog appears.



3. Complete the printer dialog and click OK. All sheets of the table view are printed.

4.29 Working with reports

Reports allow you to view simulation results and share those results with others. You can also use reportsto troubleshoot a configuration.

Reports are generated after a simulation is run. They are included in a master report for the simulation(either a Steady-State report or a Tl'llnslent report).

Before you run a simulation, you can set report options, select report types (which determines how muchinformation is included), and in some cases, select what to include in a report (what specific objects areincluded).

NOTE: The simulator always generates a Constraint Violation report in both steady state and transientreports.

NOTE: Default values are provided for reports. You do not need to set report options if those defaults areacceptable.

You can print reports after generating them.

Setting report options

To set general report options:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Options.... The Simulation Options dialog appears.

2. Click on the Report tab.

3. Set the desired report options.

To include custom reports, click User-speclfled Reports.... The User-Specified Report Files dialogappears. Complete the dialog and click OK. The custom reports are included with the regular reportsthat will be generated.

4. Click OK when done with Simulation Options dialog.

Selecting report types to generate

To select a report type:

1. Open the Simulation menu and choose Options.... The Simulation Options dialog appears.

2. Click on the desired reports tab (Pipe Reports, External Regulator Reports, and EquipmentReports. Gas: Station Reports).

3. Set the desired report types. You can select None, Summary, or Detailed.

TIP: All objects of the same type in a pipeline network are included in a Summary or Detail report,unless you select to only include specific objects. Click Select... to display a Report Selectiondialog, which you can use to select specific objects and place them in a desired order. Click OKwhen done with the Report Selection dialog.

NOTE: Selecting a Detail report format can produce large amounts of output, especially for pipes. Werecommend you use the Summary format or Select... to specify objects. The Detail report canhelp you with troubleshooting.

4. Click OK when done with Simulation Options dialog.

Viewing and printing a report

NOTE: You must first run a simulation before you can generate a report.

To view and print a simulation report:

1. Open the View menu and choose Output. A sub-menu appears, listing various reports.

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2. Slide the cursor to the sub-menu, and choose either Steady-State Report or Transient Report(depending on the type of simulation you ran). The corresponding report appears in a new window.

3. Use the scrollbars to view the report.

4. To print the report, click the Print button on the Standard toolbar, or open the File menu and choosePrint. Your standard printer dialog appears.

An option is to preview the report before you print it. Click the Print Preview button on the Standardtoolbar, or open the File menu and choose Print Preview. The Print Preview window appears. Youcan view different pages (if more than one), zoom, and print. Click Close when done.

5. Complete the printer dialog and click OK. The report is printed.

4.30 Working with Excel Reports

After running a steady state or transient simulation, you can generate and view the simulation results inMS Excel through the pipelinestudio Excel reports.

A report definition is an Excel workbook with the file extension ".rptdef.xls". The report definition filecontains pipellnestudio Excel Add-in functions to retrieve pipelinestudio data and write it into cellswithin the workbook.

A report file is an XML file which contains a list of report definitions.To create a report file, one or more report definitions are required. The report definitions may be stored ina file e.g. case1.report.xml.

Creating an Excel report

1. Open the Report menu and choose Create/Run..•. The Report dialog is shown. Alternatively,choose Start Excel and on the pipelinestudio toolbar in Excel, click the Run Report... button.

You can also create the reports from outside the pipelinestudio application by starting up Exceland click Run Report... on the p/pelinestudio toolbar.

From the Report dialog select the case from the dropdown list or click the button to locate thecase.

N.B. If the pipelinestudio toolbar is not visible in Ms Excel, go to the Tools menu and selectCustomize, select the Toolbars tab and check the pipelinestudio entry.

2. If you started the reporting tool from pipelinestudio then the current case will already beselected. Otherwise, or if you want to generate reports for a case other than the currentlyselected case, you can change the case from the Case drop down menu or selecting another

case via the ...:::.. button. You must select the pipelinestudio configuration file for that case.

3. Click the __l:JJ button and select the report definitions from the PLS Report Definitions dialog.When the report definition is selected, it is added to the panel of Contents. You can select oneor more report definitions for your report workbook. To change the order of the report definitions,and hence the order they appear in the workbook, select the item and use the up or down arrow

buttonst'L~ .

4. To delete a report definition from the report file list, select the item and click~ or alternativelypress the New button to clear all the report definitions.

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5. To select an existing report file (.report.xml) with pre-defined report definitions, press the Loadbullon to open the Load Report dialog and select the report file.

6. To save the report file, press the Save or the Save As bullons.

7. To create/run the report, press the Run bullon and the Excel application starts up. Press EnableMacros in the prompt and the Report Progrus dialog detailing the progress is shown. Thecompleted report workbook is displayed when the application finished running wtthout error.

Report Definitions

A report definition is an Excel workbook with the file extension .rptdef.xlsThe report definition file contains p/pellnestudio Excel Add-in functions to retrieve pipelinestudio dataand write it into cells within the workbook.

A report file is an XML file which contains a list of report definitions.

By default, report definitions are set up in the following directory or any subdirectory of that directory:

My SimulationslReport TemplateslGaslReport Definitions

Report files are stored in the directory

My SimulationslReport TemplateslGaslReport

To create a report, one or more report definitions are required. The report definitions may be contained ina report.xml file. For each of the selected report definitions, a worksheet in the output report workbook iscreated.

You can create your report definitions according to your requirements. For details please refer to thepipelinestudio Excel Add-In Documentation.

4.31 Exercise 4F:1. Open the file: \My Documents\My SimulationsITGNEnDemosIDemorest.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Demorest_ExceLRep_S.tgw" (in the directory: \My Documents\MySimulationslTraining)

3. Open the "Simulation" menu and select "Transient", or click the "Transient" bullon on the"Simulation" toolbar to run steady state and transient simulation.

4. Open the "Report" menu, select "Craate/Run" and "Load" the report "Summary.report.xml"

5. In the "Report Definitions" area keep the reports: Supply, Delivery and Pipes

6. "Save As" the report using the name "SDP-Summary.report.xml"

7. Run the report

8. Review the results

9. Close Excel and save the report

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4.32 Exercise 4G:

1. Return to plpelinestudio keeping the configuration "OemoresCExceLRep_S.tgw" open orselected

2. Save the file as "OemoresCExcel_Rep_O.tgw" (in the directory: IMy OocumentslMySimulalionslTraining)

3. Go to the "Report" menu, select "Creale/Run" and "Load" the report "Detalled.report.xml"

4. In the "Report Definitions" area keep the reports: Supply, Delivery and Pipss

5. "Save As" the report using the name "SOP-Oelailed.report.xml"

6. Run the report

7. Review the results



Lab 5


General modeling tips and network set up

1. Build your network in pieces

• It is much easier to troubleshoot a small network than a large one.• Start with a small section.• Add the minimum amount of information to make it run.• Check the results to ensure it is adequate.• Add to it until the full network is built.

2. Save your file often and always use a working copy

• File saving - goes without saying!• Screwing up or deleting a master file will cause much more work than a working file.• Any unsolvable problems with a working copy are easily linked to modifications made since the

last change to the master.• Update each successful "step" to the master copy.

3. Don't try to model each and every piece of equipment

• Modeling short pieces of pipe and mUltiple irrelevant devices on a large pipeline network does notnecessarily improve the accuracy of the output. Rather it serves to slow down the simulationspeed.

• Instead, try to group short pieces of pipe together and eliminate non-essential equipment.

4. Simplify and limit the computer work Initially

• Turn temperature and quality tracking off.• Use the SAREM equation of state instead of the BWRS.• Use a constant viscosity instead of calculated viscosity.• Use a smaller number of iterations.• Reduce the convergence level (caution!).• Increase the minimum time step for your transient run (caution!).• Increase the knot spacing.• Do not over-eonstrain the network.• Use generic equipment to start (then replace with more details).

5. Beware of Transient Simulations that run continuously at the minimum time step

• This usually means that your simulation results are unstable.• Also, watch out for transient simulations whereby you isolate a portion of the network (without

maintaining adequate facilities to provide a line pack buffer throughout the transient event).

6. If all else fails, contact ENERGY SOLUTIONS INTERNATlONAL Customer Support :[email protected]

pipelinestudio~ 5-1 I . 0energyso ut,ons.


5.1 Exercise SA:

1. Create a new configuration and add the devices necessary to build the network shown in thefigure below.

2. Double-<:lick on the Supply external regulator to generate the dialog box. Add the followinginformation:

• Fluid Temperature = 80 OF• Max Pressure = 1000 psig• Check Valve = Yes• Fluid Properties

• Specific Gravity = 0.6• Heating Value = 1000 BTU/CF• Percent CO2 =0.0

3. Double-<:lick on each generic compressor to generate a dialog box. Add the followinginformation:

• Adiabatic Efficiency = 75%• ConstraintslSetpoinls

• Max Power = 200 HP

4. Double-<:lick on each delivery to generate a dialog box. Add the following information:• Max Flow = 50 MMSCFD

5. Double-<:Iick on the regulator to generate a dialog box. Add the following information:• Down Max Pressure = 100 psig

6. Save the file as "Config_1" (in the directory: \My Documenls\My SimulationslTraining)

7. Run a network validation check by either selecting the icon or by selecting Simulation IValidate Network. Fix the errors that are generated.

8. Run steady state and verify the results.

pipelinestudioO 5-2 energysolutions?


5.2 Exercise 58:

1. Open the file: \My DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining IConfig_1.tgw.

2. Rename the devices as shown on the figure below

3. Save the file as "Config_2" (in the directory: \My DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

4. Open the pipe table and set the knot spacing for all pipe legs to 0.5 miles.

5. Run steady state, open the table "Input Summary" and verify the results

Delivery-3

Dellvery-2

Delivery-1

Regulalor.1

Comp-1B

Comp-1A

Supply-1

pipelinesludio0


5.31.

2.

3.

4.


Exercise 5C:Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining IConfig_2.tgw.

Save the file as "Config_3' (in the directory: lMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

Double-click on the Supply-1 go to the "General' and change the Max Pressure = 1010 psig

Be sure to use the English units and color the pipes by pressure using the following ranges:

• x < 900 psig - cyan• 900 < x < 925 - magenta• 925 < x < 950 - blue• 950 < x < 975 - yellow• 975 < x < 1000 - green• x> 1000-red

5..... RlJnll!?t~clY!?t.ltEl. !?iITlUlllti()l111ncllliEl\NthElcliffElr:Elntpi.PEl~I()r:!?, ...

5.4 Exercise 50:1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining IConfig_3.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Config_4' (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

3. Double-click on the Supply-1 go to the "General" and change the Max Pressure = 1000 psig

4. Run Steady State

5. Add a data block for the supply xreg and the regulator containing the following information:

6. Supply xreg - pressure and flow.

7. Regulator - upstream pressure, downstream pressure and flow.

8. Add a data block for one delivery xreg and show pressure and flow. Use the Fonnat Painter tocopy the data blocks to each delivery xregs. Use the same procedure to add a data block to thetwo compressors (with upstream pressure, downstream pressure and power required).

9. Edit any data block and change the data orientation, border style, fill and border line to suit.Apply your setting to all data blocks.

10. Add a System Data Block and display Totalln-Flow, Total Out-Flow and Total Inventory.

5.5 Exercise 5E:1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining IConfig_4.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Config_5' (in the directory: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

3. Build a transient scenario for Delivery-1 and specify trending for pressure and flow at thislocation:

4. Max Flow: 75 60 40 80 65

5. Time: 1 2 3 4 5

6. Update or add a data block for Supply-1 and Regulator-1 containing the following information:

7. Supply-1 - pressure, flow and temperature.

8. Regulator-1 - upstream pressure, downstream pressure and flow.

9. Run the Transient SCenario and view the trends.

10. Run a Transient Restart using the following scenario:

11. Max Flow: 85 55 60 45 60

12. Time: 6 7 8 9 10

View the trend graph for the re-start case.

pipelinestudio~ I . 0energyso ut/ons.


5.6 Exercise 5F:

1. Open the file: \My Documents\My SimulationslTraining IConfig_5.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Config_S' (in the directory: \My DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

3. Run Steady State

4. Select the leg portions of the network between Supply-1 and Delivery-2. Use the Chart Wizardto create a pipeline profile of pressure.

5. Make the following changes to your profile chart:• Change the chart area to angled shade with 2 colors.• Change the data line to Thick and color dark blue.• Add a flow profile to your chart, color red, Thick.

S. Save the configuration file.

5.7 Exercise 5G:

1. Open the file: IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining IConfig_S.tgw.

2. Save the file as "ConfigJ" (in the directory: \My Documents\My SimulationslTraining)

3. Change the following simulation options:

• Modify your Title for Simulation to read 'Exercise about Alarms".• Tum on Temperature Tracking.• Enable the Alanns and input the following values for pressure and flow respectively:

• HiHi 1010 psig 210 MMSCFD• Hi 1005 psig 200 MMSCFD• Lo 250 psig 25 MMSCFD• LoLo 200 psig 20 MMSCFD• ROC 10 psig 5 MMSCFD

4. Run Steady State and verify the'AlannsJEvents" window

5.8 Exercise 5H:

1. Open the file: \My Documents\My SimulationslTraining IConfigJ.tgw.

2. Save the file as "Config_S" (in the directory: \My DocumentslMy SimulationslTraining)

3. Run steady and transient simulation

4. Go to the 'Report" menu, select 'CreatelRun' and 'Load" the report "SDP-Detailed.report.xml"(previously created for Supply, Delivery and Pipe)

5. Run the report

S. Review the results


pipelinestudio~ 5-5 I. 4)

energyso utlons,


5.9 Exercise 51:

1. Open the IMy Documenls\My SimulationslTGNEnDemoslDemo.lgw

2. Save the file as "DemoJnteractive_T.tgw" (in the directory: \My DocumentslMySimulationslTraining)

3. Open the Simulation menu and choose "Transient Scenario", or click on the "Scenario Editor"button on the Simulation toolbar

4. Modify the transient scenario by deleting all rows from 1 to 7 and the columns from 1 to 3. (leave thetransient in blank) save and close the transient scenario.

5. Open the "View" menu and select "Lock DraWing", or click the "Lock DraWing" button on the"Drawing Tools" toolbar to unlock the drawing

6. Using the "Network View Properties" color the devices by "Status"

7. Select the leg portions of the network between the supply "PURCHASE" and the delivery "ARCO"and select the "Pressure Profile".

8. Run steady state and close the"Alarm Window"

g. Select the "Network View" go to the "Windows" menu and select "Tile Horizontally"

10. Run the "Interactive Transient" (open the "Simulation" menu and select "Interactive Transient",or click on the "Interactive Transient" button on the "Simulation" toolbar).

11. Go to the "Network View" and select the block valve "V1" right click on it and from the menu select"Close Valve"

12. Press the "Start simulation" button.

13. Verify the valve color changing and the behavior of the profile based on the valve closing

14. Let the simulation nun around 20 minutes; press the "Pause" button to pause the simulation.

15. Press the "Load initial state" button to retum to the original conditions

16. Select the compressor "NEED" right click on it and from the menu select "Stop GenericCompressor"

17. Select the compressor "ROPE" right click on it and from the menu select "Stop GenericCompressor"

18. Release the "Pause" button to start the simulation.

19. Let the simulation run around 1 hour and 20 minutes; press the "Pause" button to pause thesimulation

20. Press the "Stop, save state, and exit" button

21. Open the "Trend plot", select the compressor "NEED" and verify the "Downstream Pressure"

pipe/inestudio~ 5-6 energysolutions?


5.10 Exercise 5J:

1. Open the IMy DocumenlslMy SimulationslTGNEnDemoslDemorest.lgw

2. Save the file as "Demo_storage.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumenlslMy SimulationslTraining)

3. Remove the supply "Buffer" attached to the pipe L8

4. Replace it with a storage reservoir

5. Input the following details for the reservoir

6. Run it for steady state

7. Insert data blocks for the supplies, deliveries and the reservoir

8. Save and close the file

SA 1 A........

lnili~ Conditions (specjy eithef the pressure or inventory, W not both)

FUel l~~UGHi_ I] I 0........ I ~I-N-ow-..-.~

Reservor Prem.e li·OOo psi!!L n_

ReseNOi Inventory I MMSCF

Reservoir Tl!II1*a1te @o : Deg F

[i'. MMSCF

1100 htMSCF

[°:787 ... .._.._ MMSCFfi22"""-t .

\,,1°=,====;;;;i: MMSCFOII,,'[2·_IJ

IOpen Ii

OK II Can<ol

5.11 Exercise 5K:1. Open the IMy DocumentslMy SimulationslTGNEnDemoslDemo.tgw

2. Save the file as "DemoJ)rofileghosls.tgw" (in the directory: IMy DocumenlslMySimulationslTraining)

3. Run it for steady state

4. Select the pressure profile for the pipelines between supply Raleigh and delivery Dow

5. Go to the chart menu and select Profile settings

6. Go to the historical lines tab and enable the "show historical lines· under the appearance menu

7. Enable the interactive transient simulation

8. View the pressure variations in the selected pressure profile with time

9. Save and close the file

pipelinesfudio05-7 I . 0energyso utlOns.