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See also: http://serc.carleton.edu/introgeo/interactive/examples/co2.html
Objective of Activity:
• Students will be able to use real CO2 data to measure rates of CO2 increase over time.
Background Information:
• CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) is a trace greenhouse gas that is strongly correlated with global temperatures … the more CO2 in the atmosphere, the warmer Earth’s atmosphere and surface become because of the ability of CO2 to absorb some of Earth’s outgoing infrared radiation.
• The slope of a line in a graph is the ratio of the rise (the Y-axis) over the run (the X-axis), and has units of the rise axis over the run axis. For example, if a graph has time (hours) as the X-axis and distance (miles) as the Y-axis, then a line will have slope of miles/hour, or speed.
Overview of the Activity:
• Student groups plot 8 CO2 values from Mauna Loa, HI, from 2005 to 2011 on a graph provided, using randomly selected data on next slide.
• Today you will each plot one of 38 randomly selected data points from this data set.
• As a group we will estimate the slope (rate) of the best line through our 31 data points.
• (Students calculate the # of years for CO2 levels to double at the rate they’ve found.)
• (Students learn about incomplete data.)
Online Workshop 11 May 2012: Mauna Loa Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations in parts per million (ppm)
31 Groups of 8 randomly selected 2005-11 data; Source http://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/data/in_situ_co2/monthly_mlo.csv
G = Group #; D1 = Date (M/Y) of 1st observation; V1 = Value of CO2 concentration on that date; etc.
G D1 V1 D2 V2 D3 V3 D4 V4 D5 V5 D6 V6 D7 V7 D8 V8
1 4/06 384.4 5/06 384.9 11/06 380.2 12/07 383.7 4/10 392.5 6/10 392.3 8/10 388.5 12/11 391.8
2 7/05 380.7 5/06 384.9 6/07 385.9 6/08 387.9 2/09 387.2 2/10 390.0 8/10 388.5 5/11 394.3
3 4/05 382.1 4/06 384.4 1/08 385.0 6/08 387.9 11/08 384.1 3/10 391.0 5/10 393.2 8/11 390.2
4 10/07 380.9 5/08 388.5 8/08 384.2 10/09 384.3 12/10 389.9 7/11 392.6 9/11 388.9 12/11 391.8
5 8/06 380.5 10/07 380.9 9/08 383.0 11/08 384.1 12/09 387.4 4/10 392.5 9/11 388.9 12/11 391.8
6 5/05 382.2 10/05 376.8 2/07 383.7 9/08 383.0 10/08 382.8 1/09 386.7 4/11 393.5 9/11 388.9
7 2/05 379.7 12/05 380.0 10/06 379.1 1/08 385.0 5/08 388.5 10/08 382.8 12/09 387.4 8/10 388.5
8 3/06 382.6 5/06 384.9 12/06 381.7 4/07 386.2 8/07 381.8 4/08 386.8 8/09 386.1 2/11 391.9
9 4/06 384.4 8/07 381.8 10/07 380.9 11/07 382.4 4/09 389.5 11/10 388.6 2/11 391.9 10/11 388.9
10 5/07 386.4 1/08 385.0 4/08 386.8 3/09 388.6 11/09 386.0 6/10 392.3 9/10 386.8 4/11 393.5
11 6/05 382.1 8/05 378.7 4/06 384.4 3/07 384.3 8/07 381.8 10/08 382.8 2/10 390.0 9/11 388.9
12 1/05 378.3 3/05 380.4 11/05 378.3 6/06 384.1 3/08 385.9 6/09 389.6 2/10 390.0 5/11 394.3
13 5/05 382.2 8/05 378.7 9/06 378.8 6/07 385.9 1/08 385.0 2/09 387.2 6/10 392.3 11/10 388.6
14 7/06 382.4 8/06 380.5 6/07 385.9 6/08 387.9 10/08 382.8 5/10 393.2 1/11 391.3 9/11 388.9
15 2/06 382.0 1/08 385.0 3/08 385.9 1/09 386.7 6/09 389.6 1/10 388.6 3/11 392.3 6/11 393.7
16 4/06 384.4 4/07 386.2 10/07 380.9 5/09 390.2 6/09 389.6 8/10 388.5 11/11 390.3 12/11 391.8
17 2/05 379.7 10/05 376.8 11/05 378.3 8/06 380.5 11/07 382.4 11/08 384.1 4/09 389.5 3/11 392.3
18 4/05 382.1 11/05 378.3 6/06 384.1 7/07 384.4 2/08 385.9 4/08 386.8 12/10 389.9 9/11 388.9
19 12/05 380.0 12/06 381.7 4/09 389.5 10/09 384.3 11/09 386.0 4/11 393.5 5/11 394.3 11/11 390.3
20 2/06 382.0 5/06 384.9 6/07 385.9 12/07 383.7 5/09 390.2 3/10 391.0 4/10 392.5 9/10 386.8
21 6/05 382.1 2/06 382.0 6/08 387.9 3/10 391.0 4/10 392.5 8/10 388.5 10/10 387.2 8/11 390.2
22 3/05 380.4 3/08 385.9 1/09 386.7 4/09 389.5 11/10 388.6 12/10 389.9 4/11 393.5 7/11 392.6
23 4/05 382.1 1/06 381.4 2/06 382.0 10/06 379.1 11/07 382.4 3/09 388.6 3/10 391.0 3/11 392.3
24 8/05 378.7 3/06 382.6 4/06 384.4 4/07 386.2 9/07 380.9 10/07 380.9 11/07 382.4 4/09 389.5
25 8/06 380.5 1/07 382.5 2/07 383.7 4/07 386.2 11/09 386.0 3/10 391.0 5/10 393.2 10/10 387.2
26 8/06 380.5 11/06 380.2 4/07 386.2 8/08 384.2 11/08 384.1 10/09 384.3 9/10 386.8 10/10 387.2
27 8/06 380.5 9/07 380.9 3/08 385.9 9/08 383.0 10/08 382.8 4/10 392.5 11/11 390.3 12/11 391.8
28 1/05 378.3 5/05 382.2 11/07 382.4 3/09 388.6 4/10 392.5 1/11 391.3 7/11 392.6 12/11 391.8
29 9/05 376.4 6/06 384.1 7/06 382.4 4/07 386.2 5/07 386.4 10/08 382.8 3/10 391.0 10/10 387.2
30 6/07 385.9 10/08 382.8 11/08 384.1 5/09 390.2 3/10 391.0 7/10 390.5 3/11 392.3 9/11 388.9
31 3/05 380.4 11/05 378.3 7/07 384.4 11/07 382.4 2/10 390.0 3/10 391.0 6/10 392.3 10/10 387.2
July
2005
July
July
July
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
July
July
July
375
377
376
378
380
386
392
391
390
389
388
387
384
383
395
382
379
381
394
385
393
CO
2C
oncentr
ation (
ppm
)
Data
Points
Slope = ______ ppm
July
2005July
July
July
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
July
July
July
375
377
376
378
380
386
392
391
390
389
388
387
384
383
395
382
379
381
394
385
393
CO
2C
oncentr
ation (
ppm
)
Slope = _2.2_ ppm
Group # __1__
393.4
378.0
Slope = (393.4-378.0)(2010-2003)
= 15.4/7
= 2.2
Sharing your results:
• Hopefully you were able to plot your data points ….
• Did the data set we plotted look very noisy?
• Any ideas why?
• (Incomplete data …)
• Let’s look at the data sets a little more closely …
375
380
385
390
395
Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
Carb
on
Dio
xid
e i
n p
pm
Keeling Mauna Loa CO2 Data (2005-2011): Group 1
375
380
385
390
395
Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
Carb
on
Dio
xid
e i
n p
pm
Keeling Mauna Loa CO2 Data (2005-2011): Groups 1-4
375
380
385
390
395
Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
Carb
on
Dio
xid
e i
n p
pm
Keeling Mauna Loa CO2 Data (2005-2011): Groups 1-31
375
380
385
390
395
Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
Carb
on
Dio
xid
e i
n p
pm
Keeling Mauna Loa CO2 Data (2005-2011): 38 Random Points
http://bluemoon.ucsd.edu/pub/cdrg/continuous/monthly_mlo.csv
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
Jan-58 Jan-68 Jan-78 Jan-88 Jan-98 Jan-08
Carb
on
Dio
xid
e i
n p
pm
Keeling Mauna Loa CO2 Data (1958-2011): All Data