The Polar Data LandscapePolar Data Activities, Models and Issues from Local to Global

Peter L. Pulsifer, NSIDC, GCRC Carleton UniversityCameron Wilson, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) Martha Paiz, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)

Objectives• Provideparticipantswithanoverview ofpolardataactivitiesandinitiativesatavarietyofscales

• Presentanumberofexamples ofdifferentmodelsandconsiderationsrelevanttoestablishingaCanadiancoordinationmodel

Architecture

• Therearemanywaystorepresentthesamething

• Weobserveageneralmoveawayfromacentralizedmodeltowardssystemsofsystemsapproach

…

PRJ 1

Information across [polar] scales and knowledge domains

xchange

xchange

xchange

xchagne

xchange

PRJ 3

PRJ 4

PRJ 5

Flow

Diagram. P.L. Pulsifer Systems and Scale

PRJ 2

Spacetime

dim.

The Data Ecosystem Metaphor

Samples of Existing Systems of Systems (ecosystems)

Unique Characteristics• Conditions:

– rapidchange– climate

• DataeconomiesofScale• Naturalresources• Desolateareas/smallpopulations

Principles• Leveragewhatalreadyexists

• Recognizingthat“theworld”hasdifferentdimensionsandscales

• Thinkingintermsofof“we”insteadof“I”tounderstandpossibilitiesforcollectiveeffort

Challenge/TaskforIndividualsandOrganizations

• Situatingyourselfwithinthe(eco)system(s)

• Identifying“myrole(s)”

Terminology • Cyberinfrastructure:SpatialDataInfrastructure(SDI)

– Architecture:infrastructure• Stakeholder:rightsholder• DataLandscape:dataecosystem• IndigenousKnowledge:traditionalknowledge:local

knowledge• Communitybasedmonitoring:community-driven

monitoring

Landscape: Global → Local

The Global Landscape • WMO• GEO• IHO• GOOS/IODE• RDA• WDS• CODATA• ISO,OGC

The Polar Landscape• ArcticDataCommittee• SCADM• SOOS• ArcticSDI• GCW• GEO-CRI• AC(WGs)• EU-PolarNet• OGC

National Landscapes

U.S. AON

The Canadian Landscape

CCADI• TheCanadianConsortiumforArcticDataInteroperability

(CCADI)• Composedofprivateandpublicpartners

– national– international

• emphasison:– (meta)datastandards– interoperability– existinginfrastructure

Federal Bodies• ECCC• POLAR• DFO• INAC• CSA• NRCan

FGPFederalGeospatialPlatform• SupportstheOpenGovernmentActionPlan

– Internalportal:FGP– Externalportal:OpenMaps

• ResultofFederalCommitteeonGeomaticsandEarthObservationandhorizontalalignmentwith21departments/agencies

• Providesarangeofdatarangingfromenvironmentaltosocioeconomic

• Goal:provideeasieraccesstogeospatialdata• MoredetailstofollowinpresentationfromDirectorDavidHarper

CGDICanadianGeographicDataInfrastructure• Collaborativepartnersinclude:

– Internaldepartment/division– Provincial/Territorialagencies– Municipalagencies– Federaldepartments– Internationalagencies

• Goal:enhancegeospatialdatainordertoimprovedecision-making

CGDI: Partners/Initiatives • OpenNorth

• NWTCentreforGeomatics

– Lightningtalk:“NorthernCanadaGeospatialInnovationCentreconcept”presentedbyKristineHirschkorn

• ArcticSDI

• Spatineo

• SensorUp

• CanadianCouncilonGeomatics

Web harvester• NRCanwantedanewapproachtomanagetheCanadianSDI• UsedaharvestingmethodinordertocreateacustomAPI

thatwould:– automaticallyidentifyrelevantCanadianArcticservices– collectexistingdatasources

• Outputresultedin1,618services(43968datalayers)– WMS,WFS,WMTS,andESRIMapServer

Arctic SDI• Collaborationbetween8national

mappingagencies

• Goal:standards-basedinfrastructurethatprovidesgeospatialdataabouttheArctic

• Implementationthroughportalandpilots

The Local Landscape

Highlight Slide: Inuit Qaujisarvingat

Highlight: ISR Traditional and Local Knowledge Catalogue

http://isrtlk.com/

Highlight Slide: Inuvialuit Settlement Region Platform

Changing Landscape

• Indigenouspeoplesandtheirorganizationsandlocalcommunitiesareincreasinglyfocusingonself-determinationanddatasovereignty– movingawayfromthe“pullmodel”

• Historyandcontextmatter

• Newmodelsareemergingandthiswillcontinuetohavemajorimplicationsforpolardataactivities

Frameworks for Collaboration

Interoperability• “Theabilityofcomputersystemsorsoftwareto

exchangeandmakeuseofinformation”– Oxforddictionarydefinition

• Technical: “focusesontechnicalaspects- dataexchangeformats,transmissionprotocols,etc.”– SDIManualfortheArctic

• Human:“focusesontheprocessesofinter-relationstoestablishasharedunderstanding”– UniversityofDefencedefinition

Interoperability• Technicalmaybeachievedthroughstandards• allowsforeaseof:

– Access– Datamanagement– Dissemination

• Ideaofcentralizationfor:– CloudtoCloud– APItoAPI– ServicetoService

Technical Mediators● Full standardization across

communities is difficult● Mediators can aggregate,

transform, re-distribute● Mediators use infrastructure

and can be developed and funded separately

● For example, brokering is emerging as a potential solution to some interoperability issues

Abstract “Stack”

Governance• Frascatiworkshopresult:

– “Keycurrentchallengesaresocialandorganizationalratherthantechnical:supportinghumannetworks,promotingstandards,andaligningpolicywithimplementation”

• Scale:acontinuumfromnocoordinationto“commandandcontrol”

• localvs.scientificvs.government– funding– drivers/influences– hierarchical;hubandspoke;peer-to-peer

Looking into the Future• Fieldofdataanalyticsisleadingtomachinelearninginvarious

forms:– Ontologydrivenneuro-linguisticprogram– Artificialintelligence– Cloudcomputing– webharvesting

Options• Governance

– Grassrootstocommandandcontrol– Actorsincludingproviders,users,funderstec.– Hubandspokevs.peertopeer

• Architecture/frameworks[Peteradd?graphic]– Standards– Documentanddownload– ServiceOrientedArchitecture– VirtualResearchEnvironments

Thank You!

Questions welcome

PeterCameronMartha

References ArcticSDI.(September,2016).SpatialDataInfrastructure(SDI)ManualfortheArctic(PDF).

Brown,A.HumanInteroperabilityandNet-CentricOperations (PDF).

Interoperability.(n.d.).InOxfordDictionaryonline.Retrievedfrom:https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/interoperability