Please Take Handout & Sit in First 5 Rows By Voice Type: Alto Bass Soprano Tenor Front Josquin des Prez, Ave Maria... Virgo serena (motet) DA V INCI M ICHAELANGELO G ALILEO J OSQUIN DES P REZ The notes must do as he wills... as for other composers, they must do as the notes wish. Martin Luther Twin goals: 1. Why was (and is) Josquin so admired? 2. Understand musical language of the mid-Renaissance 1. Northern Traits (Old-Fashioned) 2. Italian Traits (More Modern) 1. Born in North ca. 1455//Service in Italy by 1480s 2. Flourishes ca. 1500, as music print culture flourishes 3. Confluence: migration + technology forges musical language of the High Renaissance Solve technical problem: how to write complex polyphony while controlling dissonance Memorable melody/full, consonant harmony music reflects verbal text: 1. Northern Traits (Old-Fashioned) 2. Italian Traits (More Modern) 1. Born in North ca. 1455//Service in Italy by 1480s 2. Flourishes ca. 1500, as music print culture flourishes 3. North/South synthesis spread via music printing 3. Confluence: migration + technology forges musical language of the High Renaissance Solve technical problem: how to write complex polyphony while controlling dissonance Memorable melody/full, consonant harmony music reflects verbal text: sound, sense, structure El grillo buon cantoreThe cricket is a good singer che tiene longo verso.He can hold a long note Dale beve grillo canta.Go ahead, drink, cricket, sing! Humanistic Intellectual A. Point of Imitation Defined 1. Defined Based on short verbal text That text set to musical motive Motive presented successively (in imitation) by 2 or more voices Musical results of P.O.I. 2. Musical results of P.O.I. Musical unity Control dissonance more easily Word-music fit easier Overlapping points create seamless flow Section of Renaissance work phrase A. Point of Imitation B. ??????: II.Musical Style of the Josquin Generation Mid- or High Renaissance (ca ) Block Homophonic Texture : O Mater Dei, memento mei. Amen O Mother of God, be mindful of me. Amen. A. Point of Imitation B. ??????: 1 Ave vera virginitas, 2 Immaculata castitas, 3 Cujus purificatio 4 Nostra fuit purgatio. Hail true virginity, Immaculate chastity, Whose purification Was to be our purgation. Triple meter 4 short phrases: one for each line of poetry Sounds like Block Homophonic Texture ????? II.Musical Style of the Josquin Generation Mid- or High Renaissance (ca ) A. Point of Imitation B. Canon and Strict Imitation C. Cantus firmus technique B. ??????: Josquin was master of imitative compositon Composition incorporates pre-existing melody Borrowed melody usually secular Now found in tenor (inner) voice The man, the armed man should be feared! Everywhere it is proclaimed that each man should arm himself with a coat of iron mail. each man should arm himself with a coat of iron mail II.Musical Style of the Josquin Generation Mid- or High Renaissance (ca ) A. Point of Imitation B. Canon and Strict Imitation C. Cantus firmus technique D. Sogetto cavatto Josquin was master of imitative compositon Composition incorporates pre-existing melody This borrowed melody usually secular Now found in tenor (inner) voice Sogetto cavatto delle vocali =lit. subject carved from the vowels Her- cu- les Dux Fer- ra- ri- ae Reut re ut re fa mi re Sogetto cavatto Ren. Scale= Ut, re, mi, fa, so, (la) Non vivam ultra, sed descendam in infernum plorans (2x) I shall live no longer, but descend into Hell, weeping. Josquin des Prez Josqin: Petite camusette Robin and Marian entered a beautiful wood. Arm in arm, they went, and fell asleep.