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taking notes title Weathering, Erosion, Deposition

Moving RockMoving Rock

Weathering & ErosionWeathering & Erosion

What is weathering?What is weathering?VideoVideo

Weathering is a set of physical Weathering is a set of physical and chemical processes that and chemical processes that

change the physical and change the physical and chemical properties of rocks chemical properties of rocks

and soil at or near the and soil at or near the earth's surface.earth's surface.

More about weatheringMore about weathering

Definition – the breakdown of Definition – the breakdown of rock to form sediment [very small rock to form sediment [very small pieces of rock]pieces of rock]– Weathering happens to rocks that Weathering happens to rocks that

are are NOT MOVINGNOT MOVING– Weathering is part of the Weathering is part of the Rock Rock

CycleCycle

Mechanical Weathering Mechanical Weathering BREAKS rocks into different shapes BREAKS rocks into different shapes

and smaller sizesand smaller sizes Jagged rocks usually become smoothJagged rocks usually become smooth Mechanical WeatheringMechanical Weathering

AbrasionAbrasion

Breaking, grinding, Breaking, grinding, wearing away of wearing away of rockrock

Caused by wind Caused by wind and waterand water

Ice WedgingIce Wedging

Freezing water in Freezing water in cracks expands cracks expands and breaks rocksand breaks rocks

Plate MovementPlate Movement

The moving and The moving and sliding of tectonic sliding of tectonic plates wear away plates wear away rocks as they slide rocks as they slide past each otherpast each other

Plant ActionPlant Action

Wedging of roots Wedging of roots into cracks causes into cracks causes cracks to become cracks to become larger. As a root larger. As a root grows it can break grows it can break apart the rock.apart the rock.

Chemical WeatheringChemical Weathering

Changes the chemical makeup of the Changes the chemical makeup of the rocks and minerals. Can remove rocks and minerals. Can remove certain minerals from some rocks certain minerals from some rocks and can change the minerals into and can change the minerals into new substances. new substances.

Chemical weathering Chemical weathering happens when the minerals happens when the minerals

that make up a rock are that make up a rock are changed, leading to the changed, leading to the

disintegration of the rockdisintegration of the rock

Oxidation- red Oxidation- red brown crust is iron brown crust is iron oxide. Forms when oxide. Forms when oxygen joins oxygen joins chemically with chemically with iron, can weaken iron, can weaken and crumble rocks.and crumble rocks.

Acid RainAcid Rain

Dissolving by Dissolving by Acids- Water Acids- Water that contains that contains acids dissolves acids dissolves minerals.minerals.

What is erosion?What is erosion?

Erosion is defined as the removal Erosion is defined as the removal and movement of earth materials and movement of earth materials

by natural agents. by natural agents.

Some of these agents include Some of these agents include glaciers, wind, water, earthquakes, glaciers, wind, water, earthquakes, volcanoes, tornadoes, hurricanes, volcanoes, tornadoes, hurricanes,

mud flows, and avalanches.mud flows, and avalanches.

How are erosion & weathering How are erosion & weathering different?different?

Weathering involves two processes Weathering involves two processes [[mechanical, chemicalmechanical, chemical] ]

that often work together to break that often work together to break down rocks. Both processes occur down rocks. Both processes occur in place. in place. No movementNo movement is involved is involved

in weathering.in weathering.

In a nutshell: if a particle is In a nutshell: if a particle is loosened, chemically or loosened, chemically or mechanically, but stays mechanically, but stays

put, we call it weathering. put, we call it weathering. Once the particle starts Once the particle starts

moving, we call it erosion.moving, we call it erosion.

Water Erosion Water Erosion

Rainwater running Rainwater running of land carries of land carries away sediment away sediment leaving behind an leaving behind an eroded path. Over eroded path. Over time it widens an time it widens an deepens to form a deepens to form a stream or river.stream or river.

Grand Canyon Grand Canyon FormationFormation

Close to Home – Canyon LakeClose to Home – Canyon Lake

After the Flood

Close to Home – Beach Erosion Close to Home – Beach Erosion

Ocean waves Ocean waves and currents and currents carry sand of carry sand of one beach and one beach and deposit it later deposit it later on another on another beach.beach.

Three feet a year in some places!

Wind Erosion Wind Erosion

Fast-moving wind Fast-moving wind can carry sand and can carry sand and dust that scour and dust that scour and weather the surface weather the surface as they strike. Wind as they strike. Wind erosion is great in erosion is great in dry areas. When dry areas. When the wind slows it the wind slows it drops it load, this is drops it load, this is how sand dunes are how sand dunes are formed.formed.

Ice ErosionIce ErosionVideoVideo

Rivers and sheets of Rivers and sheets of ice (glaciers) slowly ice (glaciers) slowly move over land. As move over land. As they travel, glaciers they travel, glaciers can move boulders can move boulders the size of houses as the size of houses as well as small well as small sediment. The rocks sediment. The rocks and sediments carried and sediments carried can carve or deepen can carve or deepen valleys. valleys.

GravityGravity

Gravity causes water Gravity causes water and glaciers to move and glaciers to move downhill, and particles downhill, and particles carried by water and carried by water and wind settle to a wind settle to a stream or lake bed to stream or lake bed to the ground. Gravity the ground. Gravity can also directly can also directly causes erosion in the causes erosion in the form of landslides and form of landslides and mudflowsmudflows

DepositionDeposition

Eroded rock particles are Eroded rock particles are dumped off in a new locationdumped off in a new location

How does it deposit?How does it deposit?– When it slows down, dumps off When it slows down, dumps off

rocks to form dunes/pilesrocks to form dunes/piles How does it deposit?How does it deposit?

– Where water slows down, rocks are dumped off Where water slows down, rocks are dumped off – Form deltas/fans or plainsForm deltas/fans or plains

DepositionDeposition

– Rocks dump when glacier meltsRocks dump when glacier melts– Makes moraines and drumlinsMakes moraines and drumlins– Carried particles are dumped on Carried particles are dumped on

shore shore – Form beaches, sand bars, spitsForm beaches, sand bars, spits

SandbarsSandbars

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R48zYr-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R48zYr-S7v0&feature=relatedS7v0&feature=related