Please answer the following questions on this Please answer the following questions on this paperpaper1. How many states were in the Union during the

1796 election?2. Who came in first? Where was he from? What

was his political party?

3. Who came in second? Where was he from? What was his political party?

4. How many electoral college votes were needed to win? Was it a close election? Explain.

1796 Election Results1796 Election Results1796 Election Results1796 Election Results

John Adams Massachusetts

Federalist 71

Thomas Jefferson Virginia Democratic-Republican

68

Thomas Pinckney South Carolina

Federalist 59

Aaron Burr New York Democratic-Republican

30

Samuel Adams Massachusetts

Federalist 15

Oliver Ellsworth Connecticut Federalist 11

George Clinton New York Democratic-Republican

7

other - - 15

Total Number of Electors13

8

Total Electoral Votes Cast27

6

Number of Votes for a Majority

70

VotesVotesPolitical

PartyHome StateCandidate

(16 states in the Union)(16 states in the Union)

More Problems To Solve!

John Adams’ Presidency (1797-1801)

1796 Election Results

1796 Election Results

AdamsAdams

JeffersonJefferson

SECTIONALISM

1796 Election1796 Election

• John Adams (Federalist) vs. Thomas Jefferson (Dem-Rep)• Sectionalism (politics divide the country into sections)

– North vs. South

– Adams won (1797-1801)– Jefferson is Vice President

XYZ AffairXYZ Affair

• French upset w/ America• French & Americans meet to discuss• French demand a tribute ($) to speak w/

French foreign minister, Talleyrand (Bribery?!)• 1798-1800: Undeclared Naval war between

France & U.S.• Pres. Adams refuses to go to full-scale war

“Millions for defense,

but not one cent for tribute!”

Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts• Democratic-Republicans criticize Adams

– Many are immigrants from Europe

• 1798: Alien and Sedition Acts are passed– “Undesirables” could be deported (A)– 14 years residence required for citizenship (A)– Jail terms for speakers against the gov’t. (S)

• What about the 1st Amendment?

NullificationNullification• Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions…

– Declared Alien and Sedition Acts “Null and Void” because they are unconstitutional.

– Gave power to states to declare federal laws unconstitutional and not comply with (obey) them

“null and void” =

non-existent and worthless

Please answer the following questions below your notes.

1. Why did the U.S. and France almost go to war?

2. What did the Alien Act do? What did the Sedition Act do?

3. What were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions?