PLAY THE 13 COLONIES GAME

Chapter 4.1-4.3: The Thirteen Colonies

1750

Do Now: Examine

the map: In 1750

who else was living

in North America?

What feelings might

they have about the

European

colonists?

Objective:

We are going to analyze the settlement and life in the 13 American colonies.

Essential Questions:

1. How did a variety of influences from three continents shape life in colonial North America?

2. How were indigenous societies in the North America impacted and how did they respond to colonization by Europeans?

3. How did government and representative democracy evolve in North America?

4. What were the differing motivations for the colonization of North America?

5. How did the institution of slavery shape the character of early European America?

The seal of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

What is depicted in this image? Do you think this represents a truth about the Native Americans living in “New England?”

4.1 THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES

Led by John Winthrop Puritans left

England in a “Great Migration” for

the Massachusetts bay colony.

Between 1629-1640 some

15,000 Puritans and other

English settlers moved to

Boston and the

Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Thomas Hooker set up the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut allowing all male property owners to vote. Roger Williams founded Rhode Island and fostered religious tolerance in the colony.

“Enforced uniformity confounds civil and religious liberty

and denies the principles of Christianity and civility. No man

shall be required to worship or maintain a worship against

his will.” –Roger WIlliams

The Salem, Massachusetts, meeting

house in which Roger Williams preached.

Roger Williams negotiating with

the Pequot Indians.

Roger Williams escaped to Narragansett Bay

where he was sheltered by his Indian friends.

He purchased lands from them and founded

the community of Providence, accepting all

settlers regardless of their beliefs.

Anne Hutchinson a Puritan held prayer groups in her home near Boston. She was put on trial for holding these groups. Hutchinson was banished to Rhode Island after claiming that God spoke directly to her. Hutchinson is important to the struggle for religious freedom.

“If any come to my house

to be instructed in the

ways of God what rule

have I to put them

away?... Do you think it

not lawful for me to teach

women and why do you

call me to teach the

court?”

Metacom, aka “King Phillip” leader of the

Wampanoag natives attacked villages throughout

New England. 600 colonists were killed and

dozens of Puritan towns were burned. Metacom

was eventually captured and his men were sold

in to slavery. How is

Metacom

depicted?

Who do

you think

drew this?

LIFE IN NEW ENGLAND

Puritans observed the Sabbath, and by law had

to go to church all day on Sunday. Puritans met

for town meetings and had strict laws. The

Puritan economy centered around ship building,

fishing, farming and trade.

Do Now: Examine the map and break down the 13 original colonies into three groups:

New England

Middle Colonies

Southern Colonies

The New England colonies were settled by people of this religion ________________.

______________ led a war against the Puritans to protect the Wampanoag's.

Who was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Name all four New England colonies.

Which colony did Roger Williams set up? What impact did Roger Williams have on America?

____________ founded the Connecticut colony.

Who was banished from Massachusetts for holding prayer groups? Is she an American hero?

Did the Puritans treat the Native Americans fairly?

In your opinion why did the Salem witch trials take place? What does this tell you about the Puritans in New England?

Objective: We are going to examine the

settlement and life in the middle colonies.

4.2 THE MIDDLE COLONIES

Under the leadership of Peter Stuyvesant New

Netherlands became New York when English

warships entered its harbor. Stuyvesant lacked

the resources to defend the city.

Where does New Jersey get

its name?

New Jersey was established by George Carteret

and Lord Berkeley. New Jersey had good

farmland and allowed for religious tolerance.

Did we have slavery in New Jersey?

What is

happening

in this

image?

“To be like Christ

is to be a

Christian.”

-William Penn

William Penn a Quaker believed in non-violence, religious freedom and equality. Penn forced the settlers of Pennsylvania to pay for the land they got from the Native Americans. Delaware broke away from Pennsylvania to form its own colony.

“A Holy

Experiment.”

EXAMINE THE MAP: HOW DID THE ECONOMY OF THE MIDDLE

COLONIES DIFFER FROM THAT OF THE NEW ENGLAND AND

SOUTHERN COLONIES?

Settlers including craftsmen,

farmers and African slaves in the

Middle Colonies made their

money growing cash crops such

as wheat. Along with the crops

farm animals and crafts were

exported to Europe and the West

Indies.

German and Scotch Irish families arrived to colonize the Eastern Appalachian Mountains. This is called the Great Wagon Road.

Who might disagree with the term “Great Wagon Road.”

1751 FRY-JEFFERSON MAP DEPICTING 'THE

GREAT WAGON ROAD TO PHILADELPHIA'

GERMAN VALLEY NJ: THE HOMELAND OF DR.

DANGER

DEMAREST NJ IN THE COLONIAL PERIOD

David Demarest, originally known as Davis des Marets, settled in Bergen County New Jersey in 1677. He was founder of the Demarest family in America, and was one of a band of French Huguenots who came to this country in 1663. The earliest settlers in the area, now known as Demarest, were the Westervelts, whose homestead still stands as the northern wing at 277 County Road. The year was 1723, and other Dutch settlers from New Amsterdam soon followed, having obtained land grants from the British owners of New Jersey.

Source: http://www.demarestnj.net/html/History.aspx

Who was the governor of New Netherland when it became New York?

New Jersey was established by whom?

Why was William Penn unique as a colonial leader?

What was the basis of the economy of the Middle Colonies?

German and Irish colonists followed the _________ Road into the backcountry of the middle colonies?

How were the middle colonies different from the New England colonies?

Why do you think settlers were attracted to the Middle Colonies?

4.3 THE SOUTHERN

COLONIES

Mason and Dixon, two land surveyors explored for years and created a line dividing Pennsylvania and Maryland. The Mason-Dixon divided the Southern Colonies.

What

economic

products

were sold

in the

Southern

Colonies?

In 1632 Lord Baltimore

of England settled

Maryland as a colony for

Roman Catholics.

Baltimore however

passed the Act of

Toleration allowing

religious freedom to all

Christians. (This did not

include Jews, Muslims

or non-Christians.)

(ITS NOT AS TASTY AS IT SOUNDS:)

Nathaniel Bacon a Virginia planter led raids on

Native American villages and burned

Jamestown for the governor’s lack of

assistance to rural planters.

NATHANIEL BACON

“The poverty of the country is

such that all the power and sway

has got into the hands of the

rich, who by extortious

advantages, having the common

people in their debt, have always

curbed and oppressed them in

all manner of ways.”

Objective: We are going to analyze the colonies

of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.

We will discuss their economic products and

the institution of slavery.

QUICK REVIEW ON THE SOUTHERN COLONIES

Which was the first southern colony?

Who founded Maryland and for which religious

group?

Why was the “Act of Toleration” ironic?

What happened during Bacon’s Rebellion?

North Carolina was

settled by tobacco

farmers from Virginia who

migrated South.

Charleston, South

Carolina was founded by

wealthy plantation

owners who grew rice

and indigo. Eventually

African slaves made up

the majority of the South

Carolina population.

James

Oglethopre

"In America there are fertile

lands sufficient to support

all the useless poor in

England, and distressed

Protestants in Europe; yet

thousands starve for want of

mere sustenance."

James Oglethorpe

founded the Georgia

colony as a refuge for

debtors to make

clean start.

Map of

Georgia 1740

SAVANNAH 1734

What were the cash crops or commodities of

the southern colonies? Who grew these crops?

In your opinion, what was the greatest injustice

done to the African slaves?

Who founded Georgia? Why do you think only

debtors would move to Georgia?

Tidewater Plantations The Backcountry

•Large Plantations with 20-100 slaves

•Settled along rivers and coast

•Small percentage of the population

•Export Economy

•Small amount of African Slaves

•Settled in the inland areas

•White settlers treated each other as

equals

•Self-sufficient farms

AFRICAN SLAVERY

By 1700 plantations in the South had come to

rely on African slavery. (Slavery existed in all

colonies) Over 400 years some 9-12 million

Africans were brought to the Americas in the

trans-Atlantic Slave Trade or the Middle

Passage. At least 2-3 million died while in route

to the Americas. Slave codes and European

racism allowed Africans to be treated far less

than humans.

Slavery Begins

in Africa

The Middle

Passage and

Triangular

Trade Audio

recording of

a former

slave

Slavery in

North

America

“Chained to each

other hand and

foot and stowed

so close that they

were not allowed

1 foot and ½ for

breadth

What was the line separating Pennsylvania from Maryland?

Who founded Maryland? Who was the ideal colonist in Maryland?

Who did Maryland’s “Act of Toleration” leave out?

What happened during Bacon’s rebellion?

What was grown in the Carolinas and by whom?

For whom did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?

What was one difference between the coastal plantation owners in the south and the backcountry southern colonists?

Which colonies had the institution of slavery?

If you were a British person which colony would you want to come to and why?