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Plate Tectonics Liz LaRosa for use with my 5 th Grade Science Class h<p://www.middleschoolscience.com 2009

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Page 1: Plate&Tectonics& - acshamric.weebly.comacshamric.weebly.com/.../2/4952791/plate_tectonics... · Plate&Tectonics& LizLaRosafor&use&with&my&5 th&Grade&Science&Class& hp:// 2009

Plate  Tectonics  Liz  LaRosa  for  use  with  my  5th  Grade  Science  Class  

h<p://www.middleschoolscience.com  2009    

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Earth’s  Layers  The  Earth's  rocky  outer  crust  solidified  billions  of  years  ago,  soon  after  the  Earth  formed.      This  crust  is  not  a  solid  shell;  it  is  broken  up  into  huge,  thick  plates  that  drift  atop  the  soft,  underlying  mantle.  

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The  Crust  

•  Outermost  layer  •  5  –  100  km  thick  •  Made  of  Oxygen,  Silicon,  Aluminum  

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The  Mantle  •  Layer  of  Earth  between  the  crust  and  the  core  

•  Contains  most  of  the  Earth’s  mass  

•  Has    more  magnesium  and  less  aluminum  and  silicon  than  the  crust  

•  Is  denser  than  the  crust  

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The  Core  

•  Below  the  mantle  and  to  the  center  of  the  Earth  

•  Believed  to  be  mostly  Iron,  smaller  amounts  of  Nickel,  almost  no  Oxygen,  Silicon,  Aluminum,  or  Magnesium  

 

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Tectonic  Plates  

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Plate  Tectonics  

•  Greek  –  “tektonikos”  of  a  builder  •  Pieces  of  the  lithosphere  that  move  around  •  Each  plate  has  a  name  •  Fit  together  like  jigsaw  puzzles  •  Float  on  top  of  mantle  similar  to  ice  cubes  in  a  bowl  of  water  

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ConVnental  DriX  

http://members.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/planets/earth/Continents.shtml  

Alfred  Wegener  1900’s  Continents  were  once  a  single  land  mass  that  drifted  apart.    Fossils  of  the  same  plants  and  animals  are  found  on  different  continents    Called  this  supercontinent  Pangea,  Greek  for  “all  Earth”    245  Million  years  ago    Split  again  –  Laurasia  &  Gondwana  180  million  years  ago    

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Evidence  of  Pangea  

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How  Plates  Move  

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/unanswered.html

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Sea  Floor  Spreading  

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Sea  Floor  Spreading  

•  Mid  Ocean  Ridges  –  underwater  mountain  chains  that  run  through  the  Earth’s  Basins  

•  Magma  rises  to  the  surface  and  solidifies  and  new  crust  forms  

•  Older  Crust  is  pushed    farther  away  from  the  ridge  

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Different  Types  of  Boundaries  

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html

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Divergent  Boundary  –    Arabian  and  African  Plates  

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Divergent  Boundary  –    Iceland  

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html

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Divergent  Boundary  -­‐  Oceanic  

http://www.geology.com

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Divergent  Boundary  -­‐  ConVnental  

http://www.geology.com

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Convergent  Boundary  –  Indian  and  Eurasian  Plates  

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Convergent  Boundary  –  Oceanic  &  ConVnental  

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

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Convergent  Boundary  –  Oceanic  &  Oceanic  

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

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Convergent  Boundaries  -­‐  ConVnental  

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

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Transform  Boundary  –  San  Andreas  Fault  

www.geology.com

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Review  

•  Name  the  3  main  layers  of  the  Earth  •  What  is  a  tectonic  plate?  •  What  was  Pangea?  •  What  is  Sea-­‐Floor  spreading?  •  Name  the  three  different  types  of  plate  boundaries  and  one  locaVon  on  Earth  for  each  one