THE BIG IDEA California is located on a plate boundary, where
major geologic events occur. LLLLesson 1: Interactions at Plate
Boundaries TTTThere are three main types of plate boundaries, where
stresses cause rocks to deform. LLLLesson 2: California Geology
MMMMany of Californias landforms were produced by plate tectonic
activity, which continues today.
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LESSON 1: INTERACTIONS AT PLATE BOUNDARIES There are three main
types of plate boundaries where stresses cause rocks to deform.
What youll learn: Describe types of stress that deform
rock.Describe types of stress that deform rock. Relate geologic
features of Earths surface to types of plate boundaries.Relate
geologic features of Earths surface to types of plate boundaries.
So What?! Understanding geologic events that occur at plate
boundaries can save lives and prevent damage to property.
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REVIEW VOCABULARY Lithospheric Plate: Large, brittle pieces of
Earths outer shell composed of crust and uppermost mantle.
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NEW VOCABULARY Long, narrow valley formed as the hanging wall
of a divergent boundary slips down. rift valley Fracture in which
rocks on one side of the fracture move relative to rocks on the
other side. Boundary formed where plates move apart Boundary formed
when two plates move sideways past each other. fault Divergent P.B.
Transform P.B.
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NEW VOCABULARY Break or crack in rock Process that pulls apart
a continent. Boundary formed when two plates move toward each
other. fracture continental rifting Convergent P.B.
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ACADEMIC VOCABULARY inclined Sloping, slanting, or leaning
relative to the horizontal or vertical The Leaning Tower of Pisa
inclines about 3.99 degrees. In other words, the top of the tower
is displaced horizontally 12 ft 10 in from where it would be if the
structure were perfectly vertical.
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DRIFTING CONTINENTS Types of Rock Stress Tension Compression
Shear Rocks are pulled apart; causes stretching and thinning of the
lithosphere. Rocks are pushed together; makes rock layer thick.
Rocks are pushed in opposite directions; neither thickens nor thins
lithosphere
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3 MAIN TYPES OF FAULTS Normal Fault Normal Fault Normal Fault
Reverse Fault Reverse Fault Reverse Fault Strike-Slip Fault
Strike-Slip Fault Strike-Slip Fault
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SUMMARIZE IT Rephrase the main ideas of this section in your
own words.
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TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES A continent splits apart at a
divergent plate boundary. Tension stress causes rocks to break and
form normal faults. The hanging wall slips down and forms a rift
valley. Sequence the events that occur during continental
rifting.
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TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES Distinguish 3 types of convergent
plate boundaries. Describe what happens at each type of boundary.
Ocean-to- Ocean Ocean-to- Continent Continent- to-Continent Colder,
denser slab is forced down, forming a trench; water is released and
melts rocks, forming magma. Denser ocean plate always sinks below
continental plate; melting forms a string of volcanoes along edge
of continent. Compression forces force crust to rise, forming tall
mountains.
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TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES Complete this paragraph about
transform plate boundaries. At transform plate boundaries, plates
______________________________. In the ocean, these boundaries
connect ________________________. On the continents,
_________________ can occur along these boundaries. Move sideways
past each other pieces of mid-ocean ridges large earthquakes
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SUMMARIZE IT! Summarize three (3) main ideas of the above
sections.
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LESSON 2: PLATE BOUNDARIES AND CALIFORNIA Many of Californias
landforms were produced by plate tectonic activity, which continues
today. What youll learn: Describe Californias current plate
tectonic setting and how plate movements have produced
landforms.Describe Californias current plate tectonic setting and
how plate movements have produced landforms. Predict future changes
in Californias tectonic setting and topography.Predict future
changes in Californias tectonic setting and topography. So What?!
Interactions between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate
produce Californias mountains and basins and cause earthquakes and
volcanoes.
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REVIEW VOCABULARY uplift Any process that moves Earths surface
to a higher elevation.
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NEW VOCABULARY San Andreas Fault The S.A.F. is a transform
boundary (and a strike-slip fault) between the N.A. Plate and the
Pacific Plate. It extends all the way from Cape Mendocino in the
north to the Salton Sea in the south.
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ACADEMIC VOCABULARY adjacent Next to or very near * The San
Andreas Fault is a boundary between two adjacent plates.
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PLATE TECTONICS IN CALIFORNIA Distinguish two plate boundaries
found in California. 1. The San Andreas Fault System, a continental
transform boundary cutting across the state. 2. A convergent plate
boundary offshore in the northern part of the state.
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PLATE TECTONICS IN CALIFORNIA Identify three features of
California geology caused by plate tectonics. 1. earthquakes 2.
volcanoes 3. mountains
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PLATE TECTONICS IN CALIFORNIA Create a diagram showing the San
Andreas Fault.
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SUMMARIZE IT! Summarize the main ideas of the above section of
the lesson.
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PLATE TECTONICS IN CALIFORNIA Analyze the role of a convergent
plate boundary in shaping CA geology. The Gorda and Juan de Fuca
plates are forced beneath the coast. Melting above the subduction
zone produces the volcanic mountains in the Cascade Range.
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CALIFORNIAS MOUNTAINS Organize information about the formation
of mountains in California. I.Subduction A. B. II. Rifting A. B.
Granite rocks formed under volcanic mountains when plates
converged. An ancient oceanic plate subducted, forming rocks in
several mountain ranges. Tension stresses cause continental
rifting. Panamint Range rises as the crust stretches.
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FUTURE PLATE MOVEMENTS Summarize two changes that might occur
in the future as a result of plate tectonics. The Pacific Plate
will keep moving northwest, bringing Los Angeles and San Francisco
closer. Death Valley and the Gulf of California are dropping and
opening up as a result of tension stress.
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SUMMARIZE IT! Rephrase the main ideas of the lesson in your own
words.
