Plants Groups

Bio 1400

Major groups of “plants”

Blue-green bacteria

AlgaeFungiMossesFerns and alliesGymnospermsAngiosperms

Major groups of “plants”

Blue-green bacteria

AlgaeFungiMossesFerns and alliesGymnospermsAngiosperms

Major Evolutionary Advances

• Flowers - 140 mya

5,000mya

4,000mya

3,000mya

2,000mya

1,000mya

EarthForms

ProkaryoticCells

EukaryoticCells

MulticellularPlants

Vascular

tissue

Seeds

Flowers

• Life - 3,800 mya• Prokaryotic cell/autotrophic

• Eukaryotic cell - 1,400 mya• Multicellar plants - 1,000 mya• Vascular tissue - 430 mya• Needed on land - why?

• Seeds - 350 mya

Place on the time scale, the following events:

1. Earth formation2. Prokaryotes3. Eukaryotes4. Multicellular life5. Vascular tissue6. Seeds7. Flowers

Generalized Angiosperm Life Cycle

FERTILIZATION

zygote(2N)

SPOROPHYTE2N

Specialized diploidreproductive cells(spore mother cells)

MEIOSIS

megaspores

megagametophyteN

sperm

cell division& growth

cell division& growth

diploid generation

haploid generation

embryo(2N)

Specialized flower

Microspore mother cells in anther

Megaspore mother cells in anther

microspores

microgametophyteN

egg

Generalized Plant Life Cycle

FERTILIZATION

zygote(2N)

SPOROPHYTE2N

spore mother cells

MEIOSIS

spore

GAMETOPHYTEN

diploid generation

haploid generation

antheridium

archegonium

sperm

egg

Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant

1. What do the terms haploid and diploid refer to?

A. Cell numberB. Eye numberC. Number of chromosomesD. Number of chromosome setsE. Number of nuclei

2. A life cycle illustrates the reproductive stages for an organism. What process causes the haploid stage to become diploid?

A. meiosisB. mitosisC. fertilizationD. sterilizationE. germination

3. What process causes the diploid stage to become haploid?

A. meiosisB. mitosisC. fertilizationD. sterilizationE. germination