7/31/2019 Plants by Phen

1/5

PLANTSParts of the plants1. Roots2. Leaves3. Stem (flowering)4.Trunks (trees)

5. Flowers

ROOTS-hold the plant to the ground-they absorb water and minerals from the soil and bring these up to the stem andleaves/

Three Main PartsPrimary - the first root to develop from the seed

- the largest root to form in the plantSecondary - small roots that branch outRoot Hairs very fine root look like short pieces of string that attaches and

grows from secondary root.

Adventitious roots - root grow in unusual places above the ground which provideadditional support for some trees and plants.

Types of Root SystemTaproot System -Fibrous RootProp Roots roots that grow from the lower part of the stem above the

ground.Aerial Roots roots that cling to the branches of trees. it gets water

from the air.

STEMS -is the part of a plant that transports water and minerals up from the rootsand food down from the leaves.

2 kinds:Woody Stems are non-green stems that are thick and hard, covered with

bark.Herbaceous Stems are soft and green stems and usually do not grow tall.

Bark is the rough, outer covering of a woody stem.Herbs plants with herbaceous stems. they are not strong as woody stem.

7/31/2019 Plants by Phen

2/5

LEAVES

Chlorophyll the green coloring pigmentthat captures light energy from the sun.Photosynthesis is the process of making food in plants.Stomata tiny openings of the leaves through which carbon dioxide enters.

Parts of a leaf

Leaf Blade - the expanded portion of the leaf (broad flat part)Midrib the middle part of the leaf bladeVeins the branches of midrib. it carries water to the leafPetiole is the leafstalk that connect the leaf to the stemStipules they look like two small leaflets at the base of the stalk.

Kinds of leaf

Simple Leaf

has only one leaf blade attached to a petioleCompund Leaf consists of many leaf blades attached to one petiole. ex.

malunggayCharacteristics of LeavesToothed leaves with margins or edges that looked like a saw ex. rose and squashEntire leaves with smooth edgesLobed leaves with irregular edges ex. ampalaya

Veins are small tubes that carry food and water in a leaf.2 kinds of leaves venations

paralleled veinsnetted vein

According to arrangementOpposite a pair of leaves arise from a single node ex. santanAlternate one leaf attached at each node on ach side of the stem ex. gumamelaWhorled three or more leave arise from a single node of the stem ex. aloe veras

FLOWERFlowering plants plants that bears or has flowers.

Non- Flowering plants- that does not produce flowersThey differ in color, odor, textures and sizes.

Flowers with bright colors are pollinated by bees and butterfliesFlowers with foul smell are pollinated by housefliesFlowers that brightly colored and do not have fragrance are pollinated by wind andwater

7/31/2019 Plants by Phen

3/5

Parts of Flowers

Petals the colorful part of the flowerSepals smaller than petals and are green in colorReceptacle it held the petal and sepal togetherPistil female organ of the flowerStamen male organ of the flower

Perfect Flower

a flower that has both male and female organImperfect Flower a flower that lacks both the male and female organ. ex. papaya

FRUITSThe part of the plant that contains the seeds is called the fruitSeeds this is produces by flowering plants

-the life of new plant begin with seedCotyledons seed leaves

2 parts of baby plantleaf budroot bud

Cactus- plant that lives on the dessert

Classifying plants according to stemWoodyplants- are those with stems that are hard and usually brown.

Trees - are usually tall and have one large stem called the _____Shrubs - grow very low or close to the ground.Vines- are the crawling or creeping plants.

Herbs - non-woody- have soft, usually smooth and greenish stems.

Classifying plants according to seed leaves or cotyledons2 groups of flowering plants

Monocots plants that produces one seed leafDicots plant that produces two seed leaf

Classifying plants according to Flower Partscomplete a flower that all parts present ex. gumamelaincomplete a flower that lacks one or more parts of the flower.

ex. ilang-ilang has no petals, orchids has no sepalsperfect has pistil and stamenimperfect flowers has no pistil and no stamen.

7/31/2019 Plants by Phen

4/5

Multiple choice:1.Which of the following has adventitious roots?

a. carrots b. sugarcane c. grasses

2. Which of the following is an incomplete flower?a. ilang- ilang b. rose c. santan

3. Which of the following is an imperfect flower?

a. gumamela b. morning glory c. papaya flower

4. Which of the following is a complete flower?a. rose b. orchid c.lotus

5. Which of the following is a monocot?a. roses b. sunflower c. sugar cane

6. Which of the following is a dicot?a. beans b.grass c. coconut

7. Which of the following is not a flowering plant?a. fern b. orchid c. mango

8. Which of the following describe the herbs?a. It has woody stems that grow upright,but it does not grow very tall._______________b. their stems are soft, usually smooth and greenish in color._______________________c. It grows low or very close to the ground. Its stems grow upright.___________________

9. Which of the following best describe the dicot?a.have parallel veins c. Embryo with two cotyledonsb.fibrous root

10.Which of the following is an example of compound leaf?a.acacia b.malunggay c.gumamela

7/31/2019 Plants by Phen

5/5

Match the correct answers. answers may be repeated

____1.What part of a plant makes food? A .leaves

____2.This pigment turns a plant green and helps it to make food. B. oxygen

____3. What is the purpose of a plant's flower? C. stem

____4. This plant part is made of tiny tubes for carrying water, D. makes seeds

minerals, and food. E. roots

____5. protect and hold the seeds of the plant. F. chlorophyll____6. Which of these is NOT needed for photosynthesis? G. fruits

____7. consists of many leaf blade attached H. carbon dioxide

____8. This part of a plant soaks up water and minerals. I. petiole

It also stores food. J. flower

____9. What part of the plant eventually grows into a new plant? K. seeds

____10. part of a plant that makes seeds. L. simple leaf

____11. What gas do plants release into the air? M. compound leaf

____12. is the leafstalk that connects the leaf to the stem N. veins

____13. has only one leaf blade attached O. vines

____14. A type of gas (air) needed by plants for photosynthesis. P. leaf blade

____15. the expanded portion of the leaf Q. stipules

____16. carbon dioxide enters through this tiny openings R. adventitious

roots

____17. plants that cling on solid objects S. stomata

____18. they look like two small leaflets at the base of the stalk.

____19. root grow in unusual places above the ground which

provide additional support for some trees and plants.

____20. are small tubes that carry food and water in a leaf