Plant Systems - SAP Education · 2020. 9. 14. · 1. (a) The picture above shows the stomata on the underside of the leaf. 1. (b) They allow the exchange of gases to take place between

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P3/4 science

1. Look at the pictures below. Label them and state two similarities and two differences betweenthem, based on what you know and what you can see in the pictures.

[1m]

[2m]

[2m]

Similarities

Differences

Plant Systems

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Taken from ScieNce ProceSS SkiLLS LoWer BLock 3/4


P3/4 science

2. Match the following plant parts to their functions. [3m]

3. (a) Look at the pictures below. Label the two plants shown. [1m]

(b) The fruit of the above plants are commercially grown and therefore have no seeds inthem. How then do they reproduce? [1m]

leaf

stem

flower

fruit

root

seed

A new plant develops from this.

It protects the part from which a new plant develops.

The reproductive organ of the plant where male and female plant parts meet.

Food is made here.

It holds the plant upright to receive maximum sunlight.

It enables the plant to absorb water.

(i) (ii)

Plant Systems


(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)



P3/4 science

Answers To Plant Systems

1.

2. leaf–(d);stem–(e);flower–(c);fruit–(b);root–(f);seed–(a)3. (a) (i) banana tree

(ii) pineapple plant(b) They reproduce from suckers.


SimilaritiesBoth have leaves.Both can make their own food.

Differences

balsam plant bird’s nest fern

The balsam plant bears flowersandfruit. It reproduces from seeds. / The balsam plant grows in the soil. (Accept any two of the answers.)

The bird’s nest fern does notbearflowersandfruit. It reproduces from spores. / The bird’s nest fern usually grows on trees.(Accept any two of the answers.)



P3/4 science

tiny openings

1. Thefollowingpictureshowsamagnifiedimageofapartofagreenfloweringplant.

(a) Which part of the plant is shown in the picture above? [1m]

(b) What is the purpose of the tiny openings on the plant part? [1m]

The following experiment is conducted on two healthy leaves plucked from the same plant.

(Note: Vaseline cream is a non-poisonous cream usually used as a hand and body moisturizer.)

leaf with vaseline cream coated on the

underside

ordinary leaf

A B

beakers containing tap water

Plant Systems




P3/4 science

(c) What can be observed in both beakers after a while? [2m]

A:

B:

(d) Explain the difference in observations between the two beakers. [2m]

(e) What does the experiment show? [2m]

(f) How will the results of the experiment differ if the experiment is carried out at nightwhen there is no light? [2m]

Plant Systems

Answers: 1. (a) The picture above shows the stomata on the underside of the leaf. 1. (b) They allow the exchange of gases to take place between the plant and its surroundings. 1. (c) A: Bubbles can be seen coming out from various positions on the underside of the leaf and rising to the surface. B: No bubbles are observed. 1. (d) The layer of vaseline on the leaf in beaker B covered the stomata. Hence, gaseous exchange could not occur in leaf B and no bubbles were observed. 1. (e) The part of the leaf through which gaseous exchange takes place is on the underside of the leaf blade. 1. (f) At night, the leaves do not undergo photosynthesis and thus do not give out oxygen. However, they still undergo respiration, takinginoxygenandgivingoutcarbondioxide.Assuch,bubbleswillstillbeobservedinbeakerA,althoughtherewillbesignificantlylessbubbles.




P3/4 science

1. The pictures below show three different plants which belong to three different categories.

(a) Write the name of each plant in the space provided in each picture. [1 1 __ 2 m]

(b) Completethetablebyfillinginthethreesectionssoastocomparetheplants. [4m]

Description ofstem

Does it produce edible fruit?

What is the term used to describe such a plant?

Plant Systems




P3/4 science

2. (a) State the main function of the leaves of a plant. [1m]

(b) What is the special substance present in leaves to enable it to carry out its mainfunction? [1m]

(c) Label the parts of the leaf shown below. [1m]

(d) Substances enter part (iii) of the leaf, represented by arrow A and leave part (iii) ofthe leaf, represented by arrow B. Fill in the blanks below to complete the sentencesexplaining what happens at A and B. [1 1 __ 2 m]

(i) At A: and from the ground is carried by the stem from the roots to the leaves.

(ii) At B: Food made in the is carried to the other parts of the plant.

A

B

(i)(ii)

(iii)

Plant Systems




P3/4 science

Answers To Plant Systems



1. (a); (b)

bitter gourd plant rose bush durian tree

Description of stem

• thin, weak, non-woody stem that isunable to support theplant upright

• thin, woody stemswhich grow closetogether near theground

• strong enoughto hold the plantupright

• a central, thick andwoody stem (trunk)which spreads out toform branches at theupper parts

• trunk is covered with aprotective layer knownas the bark

Does it produce edible fruit? Yes No Yes

What is the term used to describe such a plant?

creeper shrub tree

2. (a) Leaves help the plant to make food during photosynthesis.(b) It is a green pigment known as chlorophyll.(c) (i) veins

(ii) leaf blade(iii) leaf stalk

(d) (i) Water; mineral salts(ii) leaves


P3/4 science

Forthechickeneggtohatchintoachick,theeggmustfirstbefertilizedbythemale.

The eggs you buy from the supermarket will never hatch because they have never been fertilized.

A fertilized chicken egg

The hen will sit on her eggs to keep them warm. Alternatively, the eggs can be placed in an incubator, which is a special box with holes for air circulation and a temperature regulator to control the temperature inside.

Manyegg-layinganimalssuchasbirds,reptilesandfishfollowtheegg-young-adultthree-stagelife cycle.

Life cycle of a cockroach

A three-stage life cycle of a cockroach

shell

yolk

egg white (albumen)

air space

blastodisc •

chalaza

Egg

Stage 1: The eggs are laid in an egg case. Each case has 16 to 50 eggs. It is left in a dark place to hatch on its own.

Nymph

Stage 2: The nymph looks like a smaller version of its parent, except that it has no wings and cannot fly.Itrunsaroundandeats a lot.

As the nymph grows, it moults (changes its skin) a few times.

Adult cockroach

Stage 3: It has wings andcanfly.Ithasalifespan of several months to a year, during which it may reproduce to start a new life cycle.

Life Cycles Of Some Animals

Taken from ScieNce PartNer: a complete Guide to Lower Block ScienceSAPSCSP3&4_W16

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P3/4 science

Thelifecycleofadragonfly,damselflyandgrasshopperfollowasimilaregg-nymph-adultlifecycle as that of a cockroach.

dragonfly damselfly grasshopper

Life cycle of a Frog

A three-stage life cycle of a frog

The toad follows a similar life cycle as the frog, but the toad lays its eggs in a row, not in a mass.

After the female frog has laid her eggs in the water, the male frog comes along to fertilize them with its sperms.

The eggs hatch after about 2 weeks.

It takes about a year for the tadpole to develop into a fully grown adult frog.

Adult frog

Stage 3: During its adult stage, the frog breathes through its lungs and lives on land near the pond.

Tadpole

Stage 2: After it hatches, the tadpole lives in the water, breathing through its gills.

It feeds on tiny plants and animals.

Over time, its front and hind legs start to grow.

It also develops lungs.

Its tail shortens and finallydisappears.

Egg

Stage 1: The eggs are laid in ponds or streams many at a time, covered by a layer of jelly with an unpleasant taste. This protects the eggs from predators. Italsohelpstheeggstofloat.

Eggs laid by a toad

Life Cycles Of Some Animals

Taken from ScieNce PartNer: a complete Guide to Lower Block ScienceSAPSCSP3&4_W16

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Plant Systems - SAP Education · 2020. 9. 14. · 1. (a) The picture above shows the stomata on the underside of the leaf. 1. (b) They allow the exchange of gases to take place between