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Plant Pathology NEWSLETTER October 2012 College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences The University of Georgia “It is difficult to make predictions, especially about the future,” is attributed to the baseball player and philosopher Yogi Berra. During my recent time of going through the Presidential lineage of the American Phytopathological Society, it was not infrequent that I would be turned to, I believe primarily in jest, and asked my opinion about the future of plant pathology. I had the opportunity in May 2012 to share the stage at the International Rice Research Institute with Dr. Jan Leach, a fellow graduate student some years ago at the University of Wisconsin and now a preeminent scientist at Colorado State University, to try to answer that question. Below are some collective observations and thoughts about the future of plant pathology. At the beginning of this millennium, many governmental and non-governmental bodies cataloged a variety of grand challenges around the economy, climate and environment, food, human health and nutrition, and communities. How society can address the grand challenges will be impacted by other changes underway. By 2050 there will be an estimated 10.5 billion people on earth. Currently there are about 7.68 billion acres of arable land in the world (http://one-simpleidea.com/Environment1.htm), and this land supports a population of approximately 7 billion people. In 1994, it was suggested that 1.2 acres (0.49 hectares) are needed to support one person (http://dieoff.org/page40.htm), although the World Bank estimates 0.2 hectares per person of arable land globally currently supports the world’s population (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ AG. LND. ARBL.HA.PC/ countries/PH?display=default). Are we approaching a tipping point, or is the current ratio of productivity, arable land and population satisfactory and sustainable? Another challenge facing society is ownership of arable land. The March 3, 2011 New York Times reported “prices for agricultural land surge across America’s grain belt”, increasing as much as 23% in a year and possibly creating a new real estate bubble. The Guardian noted that speculators are buying or leasing vast areas of African farmland to grow cheap food for their home populations (June 8, 2011). These and other demands from rapidly growing economies could make food prices high and volatile in developing countries where 60-70% of income already is spent on food (http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2330e/i2330e03.pdf ). It has been predicted that “to keep up with the growth in human population, more food will have to be produced over the next 50 years than has been during the past 10,000 years combined” (http://www.peopleandplanet.net). As these trends come to fruition, the discipline of plant pathology will certainly have a critical role in meeting the needs for plant production.

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Page 1: Plant Pathology Newsletter 2012

Plant Pathology NEWSLETTER

October 2012

College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences The University of Georgia

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“It is difficult to make predictions, especially about the future,” is attributed to the baseball player and philosopher Yogi Berra. During my recent time of going through the Presidential lineage of the American Phytopathological Society, it was not infrequent that I would be turned to, I believe primarily in jest, and asked my opinion about the future of plant pathology. I had the opportunity in May 2012 to share the stage at the International Rice Research Institute with Dr. Jan Leach, a fellow graduate student some years ago at the University of Wisconsin and now a preeminent scientist at Colorado State University, to try to answer that question. Below are some collective observations and thoughts about the future of plant pathology.

At the beginning of this millennium, many governmental and non-governmental bodies cataloged a variety of grand challenges around the economy, climate and environment, food, human health and nutrition, and communities. How society can address the grand challenges will be impacted by other changes underway. By 2050 there will be an estimated 10.5 billion people on earth. Currently there are about 7.68 billion acres of arable land in the world (http://one-simpleidea.com/Environment1.htm), and this land supports a population of approximately 7 billion people. In 1994, it was suggested that 1.2 acres (0.49 hectares) are needed to support one person (http://dieoff.org/page40.htm), although the World Bank estimates 0.2 hectares per person of arable land globally currently supports the world’s population (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ AG. LND. ARBL.HA.PC/ countries/PH?display=default). Are we approaching a tipping point, or is the current ratio of productivity, arable land and population satisfactory and sustainable?

Another challenge facing society is ownership of arable land. The March 3, 2011 New York Times reported “prices for agricultural land surge across America’s grain belt”, increasing as much as 23% in a year and possibly creating a new real estate bubble. The Guardian noted that speculators are buying or leasing vast areas of African farmland to grow cheap food for their home populations (June 8, 2011). These and other demands from rapidly growing economies could make food prices high and volatile in developing countries where 60-70% of income already is spent on food (http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2330e/i2330e03.pdf ). It has been predicted that “to keep up with the growth in human population, more food will have to be produced over the next 50 years than has been during the past 10,000 years combined” (http://www.peopleandplanet.net). As these trends come to fruition, the discipline of plant pathology will certainly have a critical role in meeting the needs for plant production.

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Nearly 50 years ago, J. C. Walker penned the introduction of the inaugural issue of Annual Review of Phytopathology (1963), raising concern about “specialty” groups in the discipline of plant pathology. Walker was concerned that the diversity he observed emerging in the field of plant pathology would lead to a situation “wherein plant pathologists will not understand each other’s lingo, to say nothing of their techniques and their philosophies.” While our science has grown, it is up to us to make sure we comprehend the breadth and depth of our “philosophies.” In the history of our science, visionaries have drawn from other scientific fields to address the cause, nature and management of plant diseases. Thus, although how plant pathologists study the three components of the disease triangle (environment, host and pathogen) has changed many times, the fundamental quest remains to answer questions related to plant health for effective and sustainable disease management. Hence, the discipline of plant pathology will likely not become too specialized and dispersed because we routinely reorient our science to have relevance to the disease triangle and to disease management. Building knowledge about the biology of plant-microbe interactions, developing knowledge-based disease management strategies, engaging in the practice of plant pathology, providing education in plant pathology, and fostering outreach and communication have and will be the tenets of a strong discipline in the future (http://www.apsnet.org/about/ visionoverview/Documents/21stCenturyVisionofPlantPathology.pdf). However, in a more global society, we must include greater diversity from scientific disciplines in our work, and consider diverse social and economic issues to assure that plant pathology remains pertinent to a growing population that in each generation is less connected to the land.

Who will be available to address this myriad of challenges? For several years, APS has pondered this question and the future of our discipline. This began with an examination of many aspects of education, including how to attract students to plant pathology and the demographics of those currently engaged in plant pathology (Plant Disease 93:1228-1237; 93:1238-1251). Additionally, changes that have occurred in the number and organization of departments of plant pathology in the U.S. were studied (Plant Protect. Sci. 4:125-139). Since the mid-1970s, the number of departments identified solely as a department of plant pathology dropped by 47%, with the number of departments at the time of publication at 16. In 2008, 10 of 53 departments surveyed no longer offered a graduate degree in plant pathology; many more offered only an ‘area of specialization’ in plant pathology. Is this an indication that plant pathology as a distinct academic discipline has run its usefulness as a course of study at U.S. institutions? This trend is reflected by the observation that there are less than a handful of institutions offering an undergraduate major in plant pathology in the U.S.

What does the future look like for the availability of courses of study leading to advanced degrees in plant pathology, and will they prepare an adequate number of professionals with the appropriate capabilities? Using graduate student and postdoctorate membership in APS as a metric, student members and post-doctoral members in APS have increased from 2000 to 2010. Thus, the number of students and post-doctorates who potentially find plant pathology an inviting vocational option has grown. The percentage of post-doctorate scientists and students whose original home is outside of North America has increased, re-enforcing the global nature of the discipline of plant pathology. There is clearly a demand for well-prepared motivated students, and the educational and cultural diversity that students from outside of

North America bring to departments in the U.S. is significantly beneficial.

Historically, many advances made by the pioneers who laid the principles of modern science were enabled by support from wealthy patrons.

Support for science has now shifted as governments and the private sector have assumed a greater role in supporting research. Unfortunately, in many countries, as government budgets are strained, research support has dropped. Fortunately, at least in the U.S., the private sector has filled some of this gap, and has increased funding for agriculture in recent years. Dr. John Marburger, a former Director of the U.S. Office of Science Technology and Policy in the Executive Office of the President, noted that

We, as plant pathologists, must assume the responsibility to assure that society does not become indifferent to what we do as plant health scientists. We must convey the message that what we do as a discipline has global implications to society, not just in adding to the body of plant pathology knowledge, but in serving as a foundation for society to survive.

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''Science needs patrons, and our patron is society.” We, as plant pathologists, must assume the responsibility to assure that society does not become indifferent to what we do as plant health scientists. We must convey the message that what we do as a discipline has global implications to society, not just in adding to the body of plant pathology knowledge, but in serving as a foundation for society to survive. The leaders of tomorrow’s solutions will come from those scientists that have experiential and academic knowledge as well as the skills in communication and cultural knowledge necessary for a foundation of trust with those populations facing emerging epidemics. Students should pursue opportunities that provide experiential learning to develop a working knowledge applicable to academia and industry, and pursue educational experiences that prepare them to be leaders and strategic thinkers. Plant pathology is a global industry, and our future workforce must be prepared to address diseases of a global scale.

The era of recombinant DNA technology had a significant global impact on agriculture. In the current era, emerging research fields are driven by dramatic reductions in DNA sequencing and synthesis costs. These include the ‘omics’, that is, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. These technologies are revealing the interconnectivity of networks of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites and how they interact to drive cell function. As networks and pathways are elucidated, a convergence of the life, physical and engineering sciences has occurred to result in an entirely new field called synthetic biology (B. Erickson, R. Singh, and P. Winters. 2011. Science. 333:1254; P.A. Sharp, et al. 2011. http://www. cimit.org/images/about/MIT-White-Paper-on-Convergence.pdf). This new approach, sometimes referred to as ‘life from scratch’, like recombinant DNA technology in the past, will raise many ethical and intellectual property issues as experiments are proposed and new products come to market.

New methods for high-throughput genotyping have made phenotyping a major priority for agriculture. As a result, the interdisciplinary field of high throughput phenomics has emerged to systematically study phenotypes on a genome-wide scale. Phenomics uses large scale approaches to study how genetic instructions from a single gene of the whole genome translate into the full set of phenotypic traits of an organism (http://www.plantphenomics.org.au/ hrppc/capabilities/ technologies). This is the grandest scale of ‘omics’, and requires the integration of systems at all levels (organelle to field), where many physical and biological environmental parameters are monitored. The potential is that such information will allow predictions of how disruptions or perturbations alter plant or pathogen responses (phenotypes). Phenotypes are complex, so the technological and computational barriers and costs for quality high throughput phenomic scale studies will need to be lowered.

How will these amazing technological and conceptual advances impact plant pathology? Simply put, they will provide new information to generate fresh hypotheses, as well as the means to test hypotheses formulated from less complete or less precise information. Importantly, they will provide tools to advance from predictive biology to application. Deciphering the complexity of interacting plant-pathogen systems, however, will require a collaborative approach.

How should students prepare for this work environment that will be both competitive and collaborative? A student must understand the important questions of plant pathology and allied disciplines with a strong background and working knowledge of pathogens, plants and their interactions. They must develop skills in experimental design and implementation that will be useful in the lab, greenhouse and field. They must know how to develop and test a hypothesis. In addition to being an independent thinker, one will need to be highly collaborative, being able to discuss and appreciate the breadth of disciplines that will be necessary to address the grand challenges. Additionally, the scientist of tomorrow will need to be computationally savvy and able to communicate with computational biologists for effective mining of data.

Scientific societies will likely play a greater role in the scientific enterprise in the future. As departments at academic institutions wane or morph, the scientific society may become the discipline “home” for scientists. In this context, these societies need to continually reflect on what they will offer members to remain relevant. As examples, robust scientific societies may provide a platform and infrastructure to (1) deliver educational

…being an independent thinker, one will need to be highly collaborative, being able to discuss and appreciate the breadth of disciplines that will be necessary to address the grand challenges.

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Meds and Foods for Kids. Drs. Kemerait and Brenneman have been involved in a Peanut CRSP project in Haiti working with small growers and with an organization (Meds and Foods for Kids) using Haitian peanuts to produce a peanut-based therapeutic food for malnourished children. This has involved providing technical assistance for growers and processors, as well as designing and building improved storage and processing equipment. Numerous trainings have been conducted in the northern part of the country for small growers, and a technology-appropriate production guide has been translated into Creole. A database has also been developed on soil fertility in that region based on soil samples collected there and sent to the states for analysis. We are also evaluating a range of germplasm, with particular regard to disease resistance due to the high levels of crop loss observed there. Aflatoxin contamination is a huge issue and special efforts are being made to address this persistent problem.

Peanut Growers Association in Nicaragua. At the request of the Peanut Growers Association in Nicaragua, Dr. Brenneman has coordinated an ongoing field research program there to address some of their pressing production issues. This project supported a Ph. D. student, Joao Augusto, whose primary research was conducted on-site in Nicaragua. This work has currently led to five refereed publications which have greatly advanced the knowledge of peanut disease management in Nicaragua, and findings there have also served to improve disease control programs for peanut growers in Georgia (i.e., night spraying fungicides to improve control of soilborne pathogens).

International Programs

As much of commerce is international in scope today, so is plant pathology. Many faculty are involved in international activities that complement their programs at UGA. A few of these ventures are described:

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content, (2) bring together expertise to inform policymakers, (3) support entrepreneurs to bring new products to market, and (4) package and deliver end user focused material.

Addressing the science of sustainability requires scientific diversity. Cross disciplinary work is necessary to make the scientific advances that are leaps rather than step-wise progressions; to break apart the disease triangle in ways that have yet to be envisioned. It will be necessary to understand the impact of climate change at the organismal and genetic level of host, pathogen and vectors, if we are to develop sustainable approaches to manage plant health and meet the production needs of a growing global society. All of this must be undertaken in a context that is socially responsible and acceptable. Hence, scientists are needed with international perspectives, who are from a variety of socio-economic backgrounds, and who understand the ramifications and limits of the application of scientific principles. These scientists must work together to develop a deep appreciation of the differences and similarities from a cultural context in the application of a common understanding of scientific principles.

Time will only tell if, “the future ain’t what it used to be,” to finish this offering with the insight of Mr. Berra. In addition to bringing the reader up to date on the status of the department, highlighted in this edition of the newsletter are several of the international programs that facilitate mitigating plant disease, but also in many cases have a social aspect that facilitates the general well being of the local people. As always, I hope this newsletter finds you and your plants in good health.

John L. Sherwood, Professor and Head

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Gladiolus rust in Mexico is a quarantine-significant pest regulated by APHIS. Dr. James Buck has been working on Gladiolus rust in Mexico, a quarantine-significant pest regulated by APHIS. The pathogen (Uromyces transversalis) is endemic in Mexico but has been successfully eradicated from commercial farms in Florida after infestations in 2006. The presence of the rust in commercial U.S. operations will result in mandatory quarantine and eradication protocols and significant monetary losses to growers. Funding was obtained through the Floriculture Research Initiative and APHIS/Farm Bill (through IR-4) for a collaborative project with Drs. Alberto Valencia-Botin at the University of Guadalajara, Steve Jeffers at Clemson University, and Tim Schubert, Florida Dept of Ag. Specific project goals include: evaluate the efficacy of fungicides for managing gladiolus rust in the field, determine the toxicity of fungicides to urediniospores so inoculum can be eradicated on plant surfaces, assess gladiolus cultivars for susceptibility to U. transversalis, and determine the survival potential of urediniospores of U. transversalis. The goals are to allow growers to more effectively manage this threatening disease in the field, eliminate pathogen spread, and minimize the potential for economic losses through crop destruction.

Viticulture and Enology in the Mediterranean Region. Established in 2008, this Maymester course is lead by Dr. Phil Brannen at the UGA campus in Cortona, Italy. Among other topics, students study disease management history and application for wine grapes.

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Groundnut rosette disease of groundnut in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Dr. Mike Deom is funded by the Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program of USAID to work on groundnut rosette disease in SSA. The disease, which is endemic to SSA, causes greater yield losses than any other viral disease affecting groundnut in the world. In addition to yield losses, GRD epidemics have a long term debilitating impact on groundnut production since farmers typically decrease production following epidemics to avoid future risk. The goals of this ongoing international project are to develop and disseminate highly desirable groundnut cultivars with resistance to groundnut rosette disease (GRD) and drought tolerance to groundnut growing countries of SSA and to educate farmers on the use of the resistant cultivars with appropriate cultural practices to develop a management program against GRD. In an additional project, in both Uganda and Dominican Republic and funded by the Integrated Pest Management Collaborative Research Support Program of USAID, Dr. Deom is examining plant virus diseases transmitted by insect vectors and through seed or germplasm that are major constraints on vegetable production in he tropics. These diseases present numerous challenges for detection and diagnosis, understanding pathogen biology, and management. This relates to the difficulty of identifying specific viruses based on symptomatology, the complexity of virus biology in the field and natural ecosystems, their effective dissemination by vectors (e.g. aphids, thrips and whiteflies) and the lack of chemical controls for viral diseases. The goal of research within this project is to design and implement applied research on specific virus diseases in selected crops in order to develop or improve IPM packages. The project in Uganda is to establish collaborations with scientists to initiate surveys and research on management of virus diseases of pepper, tomato and passion fruit. In the Dominican Republic, this ongoing project will study the etiology of RNA viruses that induced diseases in tomato and pepper and evaluate commercial and noncommercial seed having resistance to potyviruses to begin determining the efficacy of the resistant germplasm.

The presence of gladiolus rust in commercial U.S. operations will result in mandatory quarantine and eradication protocols and significant monetary losses to growers.

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Peanut CRSP program in Guyana. Dr. Bob Kemerait became involved in this program in 2002 when the University of Georgia (UGA) partnered with the University of Florida (UFL) on a 5-year project. The program currently extends to 2012. The focus of the Peanut CRSP/Guyana program is to develop peanut production in the remote Rupununi region of Guyana that is socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable. The Peanut CRSP program has partnered in Guyana with the Beacon Foundation (Clarimont Lye and Jerry LaGra) and currently with S-SSOS (Jerry LaGra et al.).

Participants in the program have included a large number of faculty from UGA and UFL. Other expertise has been recruited from Oklahoma State University and North Carolina State University. Guyana is a country unknown to most Americans and despite its rich natural resources and deep, unspoiled rain forests and broad savannas, it remains among the most impoverished countries in the western hemisphere. The Amerindians are among the most economically disadvantaged in the country. Peanut is the only crop that is considered a “cash crop”. Sale of the peanut crop may provide the only money that an Amerindian farmer has during a year and this is used for everything from essential building materials to provisions, to the supplies and uniforms necessary to send children to school. Because much of the Rupununi region is open to cattle grazing, many farms are located deep in the forest where the cattle will not roam and where the fields are farmed using slash and burn agriculture. Peanut has proven to be an important crop for the people of the Rupununi region because it is able to be stored in the local villages until which time it can be transported over the arduous roads from deep interior to the larger population centers along the coast. It may be weeks or months before the peanuts reach the intended markets. Other potential crops, such as fruits and vegetables, would be difficult to transport without significant loss to rot and spoilage. Accomplishments of the Peanut CRSP/Guyana program include: 1) Introduction of new peanut cultivars (especially C99-R) from the United States to improve production and markets into indigenous farms in the Rupununi; 2) Multiple replicated field trials were conducted that assessed the impact of new peanut cultivars, fertilizer, herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides in the peanut production in the Rupununi; 3) Information developed through research trials and also basic peanut production information was extended to growers at annual production meetings in multiple villages throughout the region; 4) An illustrated, and grower-appropriate Peanut Production Guide for peanut production in Guyana was produced that has also been translated into Haitian Creole; 5) Essential information was provided to growers regarding the importance of aflatoxin in peanut products and also developed strategies for minimizing aflatoxin in locally produced peanuts and peanut products; 6) Played a key role in the development of the Cottage Industries throughout the Rupununi region whereby local women were organized to make peanut butter, cassava bread, and local fruit juices which were then sold to the Ministry of Education for use in village schools. The Cottage Industry program provided many of the women with their first opportunity to earn money in their lives; and 7) The success of the Peanut CRSP program in Guyana has resulted in the project continuing in Guyana and expanding into Haiti where the program is having significant impact as well. The Peanut CRSP program in Guyana in cooperation with the local Beacon Foundation and S-SOS organization has led to improved peanut production through education, use of appropriate chemical inputs, and storage and has also helped to create new markets for the peanuts produced in the region.

The Peanut CRSP program in Guyana in cooperation with the local Beacon Foundation and S-SOS organization has led to improved peanut production through education, use of appropriate chemical inputs, and storage and has also helped to create new markets for the peanuts produced in the region.

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Faculty Awards & Honors January 1, 2010 – December 31, 2012

Timothy B. Brenneman

Outstanding Senior Scientist, UGA Tifton Campus, UGA Tifton (2011) Outstanding Presentation, SE Pecan Growers Association (2011) Bailey Award, American Peanut Research and Education Society (2010) Georgia Peanut Research and Education Award, Georgia Peanut Commission (2010)

Albert K. Culbreath

Coyt T. Wilson Distinguished Service Award, American Peanut Research and Education Society (2010)

Alfredo D. Martinez-Espinoza

Distinguished Alumni, Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro Alumni Association (2010) Honorific Greenkeeper of the Year-2010, National Spaniard Association of Green keepers (2010)

Timothy B. Brenneman Associate Editor, Peanut Science (2008-2011)

James W. Buck

Associate Editor, Canadian Journal of Microbiology. (2010-Present) Senior Editor, Plant Disease (2010-2012)

Carl M. Deom

Senior Editor, Phytopathology (2009-2011)

Scott E. Gold Editorial Review Board Member, Frontiers in Mycology (2010-Present) Editor, Associate Editor, Microbiological Research

Elizabeth Little

Senior Editor, APS Plant Health Instructor (2012-Present)

Alfredo D. Martinez-Espinoza Editorial Review Board Member, Journal of the Mexican Phytopathological Society (1996- Present)

Harald W. Scherm

Editorial Review Board Member, Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection (2006-2010)

Katherine L. Stevenson Editor, Book, Exercises in Plant Disease Epidemiology (2nd ed.) Editor, Plant Health Instructor (2006 - Present)

Jean Williams-Woodward

Editor, Conference Proceedings, Southern Nursery Association Research Conference

January 1, 2010 – December 31, 2012

Editorial & Review Activities

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2012 D. W. Brooks Awards for Excellence

Excellence in Research

Albert K. Culbreath, professor of plant pathology at UGA’s Tifton campus, is a native of Harselle, AL. He is a graduate of Roane Sate Community College and Auburn Univ., and earned his doctorate at N.C. State University. Culbreath began working at UGA in 1989 and has since established himself as a leader I the area of ecology, epidemiology and control of thrips and tomato spotted wilt virus. He is also known for his work with quantitative and ecological epidemiology and integrated management of foliar fungal diseases of peanuts. He has co-authored over 140 peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters, and has co-developed four cultigars of peanut plants. Culbreath has served as president of the Southern Division of the American Phytopathological Society (APS), APS councilor from the southern division and as president of the American Peanut Research and Education Society. He has received the American Phytopathological Society’s Novartis Award for outstanding contributions to agriculture and Fellow Award and the Coyt T. Wilson Award for outstanding service from the American Peanut Research and Education Society.

Excellence in Extension

Robert C. Kemerait, Jr received a bachelor’s degree in biology from Davidson College and a doctoral degree in plant pathology from the University of Florida. He joined UGA Plant Pathology in 2000 as an Ext4ension researcher and specialist. His work focuses on managing disease and nematode problems in peanuts, cotton, corn and soybeans. These crops are planted on more than 2.5 million acres in more than 80 countries across the state. Kemerait, who became a professor in 2012, was the first recipient of the Senior Specialist Award from the Georgia Association of County Agricultural Agents. Highlights of his career have included the development of “Peanut Rx”, a risk index for peanut diseases and the development of standardized recommendations for controlling nematodes affecting cotton. He has worked in Guyana since 2002 and in Haiti since 2007 as the co-leader of the Peanut Collaborative Research and Extension Program sponsored by the U.S. Agency for International Development. Kemerait is currently the major advisor for four plant pathology graduate students and manages an Extension program that employs six technicians and numerous student workers.

Staff Diversity Award

Unessee Hargett, Jr., Research Professional I, Plant Pathology, has been employed at UGA since August 1984. He attended Fort Valley State University for two years before transferring to UGA and graduating in 1981 with bachelor’s degree in agricultural engineering. In 1995 Hargett became involved with the program Plant a Row for the Hungry, using it as the basis for an agricultural awareness program in Tift County schools. His first school gardens helped teach third-graders in Tifton about seed identification, plant diseases, weeds, insects and general crop care. After harvest the produce was donated to the local food bank in support of Plant a Row for the Hungry. Hargett has explanded the program over the years to include a few Lowndes County schools. It is now large enough to help support food banks in Tift and Lowndes counties and a homeless shelter, Brother Charlie’s Rescue Mission, in Tifton, Ga. Each year the students tour one of the food banks, and they are told how their contributions will help feed people who otherwise wouldn’t have enough to eat.

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Marin Brewer joined the department of Plant Pathology in July 2011 as an Assistant Professor of Mycology. She received a Bachelor’s degree in Biology from the University of Cincinnati and a Master’s degree in Plant, Soil, and Environmental Science from the University of Maine. In 2011, she received a Ph.D. in Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology from Cornell University where she studied the phylogeography, population structure, and mating system of the grape powdery mildew fungus and contributed to the powdery mildew genome paper that was published in Science in 2010. Her research program at UGA focuses on the population biology of plant pathogenic fungi with interests in host specialization, speciation, phylogeography, fungal mating systems, and the evolution of virulence and fungicide resistance. She relies on population genetic and genomic approaches to answer questions about the biology of these fungi. Projects on the population biology and systematics of Didymella bryoniae, which causes gummy stem blight of cucurbits, and an Exobasium species that causes leaf and fruit spot of blueberry are currently underway. In addition to a 65% research appointment, Dr. Brewer has a 35% instruction appointment and teaches Introductory Mycology and Fungi: Friends and Foes.

PERSONNEL

Ashley Turner joined the Brewer Mycology Lab in October 2011 as a research professional. She earned a M.S. degree in Biology from the University of West Georgia, with a specialization in population genetics. She came to UGA after three years of teaching high school science and masters completion. Ashley is currently working on two projects examining diversity in plant pathogenic fungus, one focusing on Didymella bryoniae and the other Exobasidium sp.

During 2012 she has been an invited presenter at Cedar Shoals High School’s Environmental Fair; attended and presented at the Graduate  Students and Postdocs in Science Research Symposium at UGA; and a guest lecturer for Georgia Plant Science Scholars Program.

Ansuya Jogi became the Diagnostician for the Athens Plant Disease Clinic in August 2012. She holds an MS degree (Plant Pathology) and a BS degree (Biology, Ecology minor) from UGA. She was a

student worker at the Center for Ultrastructural Research and participated in undergraduate research in the Bennetzen lab working on a portion of the pipeline for the annotation of the wheat genome and assisting on other projects. Between degrees, she worked as a technician in the Bennetzen lab on a project focusing on gene families associated with switchgrass cell wall development. Her masters research involved the identification of differential gene expression during the early interactions between Sclerotium rolfsii and peanut.

The Brewer Mycology Lab swept the American Phytopathological Society’s Art Contest taking 1st place in Humor. Created by Ashley Turner, “Patrick Star” is a scanning electron microscope image of a young developing basidium of Exobasidium sp. on rabbiteye blueberry. The name "Patrick Star" was given unanimously by Ashley and Dr. Marin T. Brewer after they continued to describe and refer to the basidium throughout their SEM session, as others thought they were both crazy. Of course the name stuck, and Patrick Star is now the mascot of the labs!

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OUTREACH

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Free Dictionary (http://www.thefreedictionary.com) defines outreach as a systematic attempt to provide services beyond conventional limits as to particular segments of a community. We like to define it as a fun, necessary way to share our passion for the work being done in Plant Pathology. As part of a land-grant institution, we take on the mission of outreach. We are motivated by the passion we have of our science and for the impacts outreach can have today and tomorrow. We strive to foster relationships with not only Georgia teachers but with teachers beyond our state line. These relationships provide us the opportunity to educate the public while providing teachers with training to increase their knowledge and skills.

Currently, the outreach program is a combination of formal traditional elementary, middle and high school activities with informal learning opportunities provided by workshops and summer programs. These outreach programs endeavor to improve the engagement in science of students and teachers, provide a multitude of impacts to the teachers, as well as impact the overall ability of participating graduate students to communicate their chosen scientific area to an audience, and to increase science literacy of the public.

During 2011-2012 Plant Pathology has visited schools, agricultural weekends and conferences. We have spent time reaching out to diverse audiences to share everything from historical impacts of diseases to hands on activities involving plant diseases. In fall 2011 we participated in the CAES South Campus Tailgate held September 17th prior to the kickoff of UGA and Coastal Carolina. South Campus Tailgate gives us the opportunity to visit with alumni from CAES and FACS. November found Plant Pathology traveling out of state to visit some old friends from the 2011 Georgia Plant Science Scholars Program as we invaded the classroom of environmental science teacher and GAPSS teacher, Mr. Brad Moore. Students were treated to an exploration of plant pathology.

In February, Plant Pathology teamed up with CAES Department of Entomology to attend the Georgia Science Teachers Conference held in Atlanta, GA. The two departments presented a two-hour workshop entitled Bugs, Pathogens and Plants. Teachers were invited to participate in discussion of the topic areas of plant pathology and entomology followed by discussion of what is available to them for training, summer exploration, and much more. The workshop was well attended and we are excited to see the audience grow from year to year. Our work did not end with the workshop; we also spent two days as an exhibitor at GSTA alongside Entomology.

While exhibiting, we were able to really spend time with teachers to assess their needs for the classroom. Many of the teachers even pulled their calendars out and booked dates for classroom visits.

As March came in, so did spring and with spring, the fancy of many Biology teachers turns to plants. This means we hit the road visiting numerous schools. We spent time with the students at Creekview High School and Etowah High School in Cherokee County. Graduate students Ansuya Jogi, Suzette Arcibal, and Tom Baldwin stepped in to assist with Madison County Ag Day. Each year we are invited to participate in the Madison County community event but only if we bring the “DNA Extraction from Bananas (or strawberries)”. Another spring event was the Environmental Fair held at Cedar Shoals High School, graduate student,

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Ansuya Jogi, and departmental staff member, Ashley Turner, attended this.

Spring gave way to summer, and just as quickly as the college students vacated Athens, middle school and high school students and teachers took their place. Plant Pathology participated in many different programs this summer, from a Teacher Workshop hosted by the CAES Office of Diversity Relations to the Summer Academy at UGA (SAUGA) for middle school children. O si yo! (Hello in Cherokee) We were lucky enough to visit with some students visiting from the Eastern Band of Cherokees. These students are really trying to explore what is out there and we are hoping to build some future relationships with them.

We love participating with the other programs, but our heart will always be with our program, Georgia Plant Science Scholars (GAPSS). This year (2012) marked our 13th program since GAPSS began in 2000. We had a great group of students and teachers who enjoyed a crash course in the world of plant science. We hosted students from all over Georgia and Alabama. The four students from Alabama competed with other students

from their school for the opportunity to come to camp. This year we had a returning teacher, Brad Moore, from Pisgah High School in Alabama and a student teacher, Dawn Hill (who is now teaching in Agricultural Education at Manchester High School) participate in the program. Students and teachers took tours of four different plant science departments (Crop and Soil Science, Entomology, Horticulture, and Plant Pathology). Local industries were visited to explore career opportunities in plant science. Students were treated to a field trip to Atlanta to visit with APHIS-PPQ, FDA, Fish and Wildlife, and the famous Beagle Brigade. Shhh, don’t tell anyone, but we got to do an amazing tour of Sanford Stadium even visiting the locker rooms. The last day of camp the students presented their work on posters

covering many different science topics. SAPPS provided awards to the 1st and 2nd place finishing teams of the competition. We thank those that took time to visit with the students….especially the Plant Pathology members including Ansuya Jogi, Ashley Turner, Elizabeth Little, Peng Tian, Renee Holland, Maria Zivanovic, Amanda Tedrow (MPPPM graduate), and John Sherwood.

These were just a few of the things we participated in throughout the year. The upcoming year is starting to get busy as we have added some new endeavors to the list … so be on the lookout, Plant Pathology is coming your way.

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2010-2012 Student Awards: Judge’s Choice Award for video “Gene for gene hypothesis, demystified” American Phytopathological Society Video Contest. Students: Nadia Chacko, Sydney Everhart Brijesh Karakkat, Ansuya Jogi, Sara Thomas, and Peng Tian.

UGA CAES 2nd Annual Chili Cookoff was a huge success with Plant Pathology taking home two awards. Sara Thomas’s “Indian Fusion” took first place for vegetarian and people’s choice award, and Ashley Turner, Ansuya Jogi, Tanisha Robinson, and Mavis Finger’s “Mavis’ Mighty Finger Lickin’ Chili” took second place for traditional. This event was co-coordinated by Dr. Sydney Everhart.

Sudarshan Aryal, MS Student, Major Professor: Richard Davis 2011 Dow AgroSciences Student Travel Award to the Society of Nematologists meeting Tom Baldwin, Ph. D. Student, Major Professor: Tony Glenn 2010 Sigma Xi Grant-in-Aid of Research 2011 Graduate School Travel award to Fungal Genetics Conference 2012 Third Place Georgia Association of Plant Pathologists Student Presentation

Michelle Burnham, MS Student, Major Professor: Tony Glenn 2011 Dennis H. Hall & Donald E. Munnecke APS Student Travel Award, 2011 Sigma Xi Grant-in-Aid of Research Nadia Chacko, Ph. D Student, Major Professor: Scott Gold 2010 Presentation at 2010 UGA Annual Scientific Research Day 2011 Genetics Society of America Travel Award to Fungal Genetics Conference & Outstanding Poster

Suchitra Chavan, Ph. D Student. Major Professor: Shavannor Smith 2011 Maize Genetics Conference Travel Award 2012 Maize Genetics Conference Travel Award

Society of Aspiring

Plant Pathologists

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Max DeMott, M.S. Student, Major Professor: Jean Woodward 2012 UGA Outstanding TA Award

Bhabesh Dutta, Ph. D Student, Major Professor: Ronald Walcott 2010 APS Melhous Symposium 2010 Third Place APS Video Contest 2010 Graduate School Travel Award to APS Annual Meeting 2011 Papa Outstanding PhD Student 2011 Second Place CAES Broadus Browne 2011 SD-APS Travel Award

2011 First Place SD-APS student paper presentation 2011 First Place American Phytopathological Society Southern Division Student Paper Competition

Sydney Everhart, Ph. D. Student, Major Professor: Harald Scherm 2010 Graduate School Emerging Leaders Program 2011 APS Tarleton Fellowship 2011 APS Melhus symposium 2011 Sigma Xi Grant-in-Aid-of-Research 2011 Graduate School Student Travel Award

2011-2012 Graduate School Dissertation Completion Award 2012 Kenneth E. Papa Outstanding Ph.D. Student Award 2012 Georgia Association of Plant Pathologists, Second place, E. Broadus Browne Outstanding Graduate Student Competition

Thomas Ingram, MS Student, Major Professor: Tim Brenneman 2012 First Place, Georgia Association of Plant Pathologists Student Presentation Ansuya Jogi, M.S. Student, Major Professor: Scott Gold 2011 The George Herman Starr Award, American Phytopathological Society 2012 UGA Outstanding TA Award 2012 Cedric Kuhn Outstanding M.S. Student Award, GA Association of Plant Pathologists 2012 Second Place Poster Competition for 12th Annual GSA Interdisciplinary Conference

Brijesh Karakkat, Ph. D. Student, Major Professor: Sarah Covert 2010 Third Place APS Video Contest 2010 Graduate School Travel Award to APS Annual Meeting 2010-2011 UGA Outstanding TA Award 2011 Genetics Society of America Travel Award to Fungal Genetics Conference

Imana Power, Ph.D. Student, Major Professor: Albert Culbreath & Bob Kemerait 2012 Invited speaker, American Phythopathological Society, I.E. Melhus Graduate Student Symposium

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Matthew Roberts, MS Student, Major Professor: David Langston 2012 Second Place Georgia Association of Plant Pathologists Student Presentation

Tanisha Robinson, MS Student, Major Professor: Carl Deom 2012 Alfred P. Sloan Scholarship

Anna Thomas, MS Student, Major Professor: Katherine Stevenson 2010-2011 UGA Outstanding TA Award 2011 Kuhn Oustanding MS Student 2011 Second Place GAPP Student Presentation

Sara Thomas, PhD Student, Major Professor: Harald Scherm 2010 Graduate School Emerging Leaders Program 2010 APS Art in Photography Contest, First place - Wacky/Humor 2011 First Place GAPP Student Presentation 2011 First Place Whole Plant/Nature, & 3rd Place Microscopy 2011 Malcolm C. Shurtleff Student Travel Award, American Phytopathological Society

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Name Degree / Starting Date Major Professor

Suzette Arcibal MS / 8-10 Bob Kemerait

Mark Bailey MPPPM / 8-12 Langston/Noe

Tom Baldwin PhD / 8-08 Tony Glenn

Justin Ballew MPPPM / 8-12 Langston/Noe

Edward Beasley MPPPM / 8-11 David Langston

Kevin Besler MS / 1-12 Elizabeth Little

Alex Blacutt MS / 8-11 Scott Gold

Stephanie Bolton PhD / 8-12 Glenn / Brannen

Cody Casey MPPPM / 1-12 David Langston

Suchitra Chavan PhD / 8-08 Shavannor Smith

Gong Chen PhD / 8-12 Ron Walcott

Lindley Clark MPPPM / 8-12 Langston/Noe

Max DeMott MS / 8-09 Jean Woodward

Mavis Finger MS / 8-10 Ji & Stevenson

Abraham Fulmer MS / 8-10 Bob Kemerait

Shan Gao PhD / 8-12 Gold / Glenn

Renee Holland MS / 8-10 Harald Scherm

Thomas Ingram MS / 8-10 Tim Brenneman

Haoxi Li PhD / 8-12 Marin Brewer

Chang Liu MS / 8-12 Patricia Timper

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Name Degree/Starting Date Major Professor

Jane Marian Luis MS / 8-11 Kemerait / Glenn

Kelly Morris MS / 5-11 David Langston

Aparna Petkar MS / 1-12 Pingsheng Ji

Imana Power PhD / 8-09 Albert Culbreath

Manisha Rath PhD / 8-11 Scott Gold

Matthew Roberts MS / 8-10 David Langston

Tanisha Robinson MS / 8-10 Deom / Brannen

Andrew Shirley MS / 8-11 Noe / Nyczepir

Benjamin Shirley MPPPM / 1-12 Jim Noe

Peng Tian PhD / 8-09 Shavannor Smith

Sara Thomas PhD / 8-06 Harald Scherm

Yu-Ching Tsai MS / 8-11 Tim Brenneman

Fred Turpin MPPPM / 1-12 David Langston

Jared Walls MPPPM / 5-12 Kemerait / Langston

Anna Watson PhD / 8-09 Ron Gitaitis

Judith Williams MS / 8-12 TBD

Laura Williford MS / 8-12 Scherm / Brannen

Marija Zivanovic MS / 8-11 Ron Walcott

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Recent & Upcoming Book Chapters and Refereed Journal Articles

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Aryal, S. K., Davis, R. F., Stevenson, K. L., Timper, P., Ji, P. (2011). Induction of Systemic Acquired Resistance by Rotylenchulus reniformis and Meloidogyne incognita in Cotton Following Separate and Concomitant Inoculations. Journal of Nematology 43, 160-165

Aryal, S. K., Davis, R. F., Stevenson, K. L., Timper, P., Ji, P. (2011). Influence of Infection of Cotton by

Rotylenchulus Reniformis and Meloidogyne Incognita on the Production of Enzymes Involved in Systemic Acquired Resistance. Journal of Nematology 43, 152-159.

Augusto, J., Brenneman, T. B. (2011). Implications of fungicide application timing and post-spray irrigation

on disease control and peanut yield. Peanut Science, 38,1-9. Augusto, J., Brenneman, T. B. (2012). Assessing systemicity of peanut fungicides through bioassay of plant

tissues with Sclerotium rolfsii. Plant Disease, 96,330-337. Augusto, J., Brenneman, T. B., Baldwin, J. A., Smith, N. B. (2010). Maximizing economic returns and

minimizing stem rot incidence with optimum plant stands of peanut in Nicaragua. Peanut Science, 37, 1-7.

Augusto, J., Brenneman, T. B., Culbreath, A. K., Sumner, P. E. (2010). Night spraying peanut fungicides I.

Extended fungicide residual and improved stem rot control. Plant Disease, 94,676-682. Augusto, J., Brenneman, T. B., Culbreath, A. K., Sumner, P. E. (2010). Night spraying peanut fungicides II.

Application timings and spray deposition in the lower canopy. Plant Disease, 94,683-689. Avenot, H. F., Thomas, A., Gitaitis, R. D., Langston, D. B., Stevenson, K. L. (2011). Molecular

characterization of boscalid- and penthiopyrad-resistant isolates of Didymella bryoniae and assessment of their sensitivity to fluopyram. Pest Management Science.

Bock, C. H., Brenneman, T. B., Hotchkiss, M., Wood, B. W. (2012). Evaluation of phosphite fungicide to

control pecan scab in the southeastern USA. Crop Protection, 36,58-64. Bonito, G., Brenneman, T. B., Vilbalys, R. (2010). Ectomycorrhizas of cultivated pecan (Carya illinoinensis;

Juglandaceae). Mycorrhiza. Bonito, G., Brenneman, T. B., Vilgalys, R. (2011). Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity in orchards of cultivated

pecan (Carya illinoinensis; Juglandaceae). Mycorrhiza, 21,601-612. Bonito, G., Smith, M., Brenneman, T. B., Vilgalys, R. (2012). Assessing ectomycorrhizal fungal spore banks

of truffle producing soils with pecan seedling trap-plants. Plant Soil, 10. Branch, W. D., Culbreath, A. K. (2011). Registration of 'Georgia-10T' peanut. Journal of Plant Registrations,

5, 279-281. Brannen, P. M. (2010). Reduced Sensitivity in Monilinia fructicola Field Isolates from South Carolina and

Georgia. Plant Disease, 94,737-743. Brannen, P. M. (2012). Field kit- and internet-supported fungicide resistance monitoring.. In Fungicide

Resistance in Crop Protection: Risk and Management, T. S. Thind (Ed.), CAB International. (pp. 116-132). Oxford shire.

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Brannen, P. M. (2011). Location-specific fungicide resistance profiles aid peach growers in managing

fungicide resistant strains of Monilinia fructicola. In Modern Fungicides and Antifungal Compounds VI, H.W. Dehne, H.B. Deising, U. Gisi, K.H. Kuck, P.E. Russell, H. Lyr. (Ed.), (pp. 264-266).

Buck, J. W., Dong, W., Mueller, D. (2010). Effect of light exposure on in vitro germination and germ tube

growth of eight species of rust fungi. Mycologia, 102,1134-1140. Buck, J. W., Dong, W., Wise, K. (2011). Effect of post-symptom application of fungicides on urediniospore

production by Puccinia triticina on wheat and Puccinia hemerocallidis on daylily. Plant Disease, 95, 325-330.

Bull, C. T., S. H. De Boer, T. P. Denny, G. Firrao, M. Fischer-Le Saux, G. S. Saddler, M. Scortichini, D. E. Stead,

and Y. Takikawa. 2010. Comprehensive list of names of plant pathogenic bacteria, 1980-2007. J. Plant Pathol. 92:551-592.

Candole, B., Conner, P. J., Ji, P. (2010). Screening of Capsicum annuum accessions for resistance to

Georgia isolates of Phytophthora capsici. HortScience, 45,254-259. Cantonwine, E. G., Culbreath, A. K., Kemerait, R. C., Gitaitis, R. D. (2010). Characterization of a peanut leaf

spot of unknown etiology. Plant Health Progress. Cantonwine, E. G., Holbrook, C. C., Culbreath, A. K., Tubbs, R. S., Boudreau, M. A. (2011). Genetic and

seed treatment effects in organic peanut. Peanut Science, 38,115-121. Chappell, M. R., Braman, S. K., Williams-Woodward, J., Knox, G. W. (2012). Optimizing plant health and pest

management of Lagerstroemia spp. in commercial production and landscape situations in U.S. mid-southern states. Journal of Environmental Horticulture,

Chen, X., Wang, M. L., Holbrook, C. C., Culbreath, A. K., Liang, X., Brenneman, T. B., Guo, B. (2011).

Identification and characterization of a multigene family encoding germin-like proteins in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 29,389-403.

Copes, W. E., and Scherm, H. 2010. Rhizoctonia web blight development on container-grown azalea in

relation to time and environmental factors. Plant Dis. 94:891-897 Christiano, R. S.C., Reilly, C. C., Miller, W. P., Scherm, H. W. (2010). Oxytetracycline dynamicson peach

leaves in relation to temperature, sunlight, and simulated rain. Plant Disease, 94, 1213-1218. Culbreath, A. K., Branch, W. D., Beasley, J. P., Tubbs, R. S., Holbrook, C. C. (2012). Peanut genotype and

seeding rate effects on tomato spotted wilt. Online. Plant Health Progress. Culbreath, A. K., Srinivasan, R. (2011). Epidemiology of spotted wilt disease of peanut caused by Tomato

spotted wilt virus in the southeastern U.S. Virus Research, 159, 101-109. Culbreath, A. K., Tillman, B. L., Tubbs, R. S., Beasley, J. P., Kemerait, R. C., Brenneman, T. B. (2010).

Interactive effects of planting date and cultivar on tomato spotted wilt of peanut. Plant Disease, 94,898-904.

Dong, W., Buck, J. W. (2011). Dips, drenches, and foliar applications of fungicides for management of

daylily rust. The Daylily Journal, 66,0-12. Dong, W., Buck, J. W. (2011). Effect of light on in vivo urediniospore germination, lesion development, and

sporulation of Puccinia hemerocallidis on daylily and Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis on geranium. Mycologia, 103,1277-1283.

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Dutcher, J. D., Wells, M. L., Brenneman, T. B., Patterson, M. G. (2010). Integration of insect and mite, disease, and weed management to improve pecan production. In Intergrated pest and disease management vol. 5.. A. Ciancio and K. G. Mukerji (Ed.), Springer Publishing. (ed., vol. 5, pp. 33 pages). Dordrecht.

Dutta, B., Scherm, H. W., Gitaitis, R. D., Walcott, R. R. (2011). Acidovorax citrulli seed inoculum load

affects seedling transmission and spread of bacterial fruit blotch of watermelon under greenhouse conditions. Plant Disease, 96,

Dutta, B., Vernaiz, M.A.C., Castro-Sparks, A.C., Scherm, H., and Walcott, R.R. 2012. Location of

Acidovorax citrulli in watermelon seeds affects efficiency of pathogen detection by seed health testing. Seed Science and Technology (in press).

Everhart, S. E., Askew, A., Seymour, P. L., Holb, I. J., Scherm, H. W. (2011). Characterization of three-

dimensional spatial aggregation and association patterns of brown rot symptoms within intensively mapped sour cherry trees. Annals of Botany 108:1195-1202.

Everhart, S,E., Askew, A., Seymour, L., Glenn, T.C., and Scherm, H. 2012. Spatial patterns of brown rot

epidemics and development of microsatellite markers for analyzing fine_scale genetic structure of Monilinia fructicola populations within peach tree canopies. Plant Health Progress doi: 10.1094/PHP-2012-0723-04-RS

Everhart, S.E., Askew, A., Seymour, L., and Scherm, H. 2012. Spatio-temporal patterns of pre-harvest

brown rot epidemics in individual peach tree canopies. European Journal of Plant Pathology (in press).

Fan, J., Qian, G., Chen, T., Zhao, Y., Liu, F., Walcott, R. R., Hu, B. (2011). The acyl-homoserine lactone

(AHL)-type quorum sensing system affects growth rate, swimming motility and virulence in Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,

Feng, S., Wang, X., Zhang, X., Dang, P., Holbrook, C. C., Culbreath, A. K., Wu, Y., Guo, B. (2012). Peanut

(Arachis hypogaea) expressed sequence tag (EST) project: Progress and application. Comparative and Functional Genomics, 9 pages.

Frenkel, O., Brewer, M. T., Milgroom, M. G. (2012). Development of microsatellite markers from the

transcriptome of Erysiphe necator for analysing population structure in North America and Europe. Plant Pathology, 61,106-119.

Fulcher, A., Klingeman, W. E., Chong, J. C., LeBude, A., Armel, G. R., Chappell, M. R., Frank, S., Hale, F.,

Neal, J., White, S., Williams-Woodward, J., Ivors, K., Adkins, C., Senesac, A., Windham, A. (2011). Stakeholder vision of future direction and strategies for southeastern U.S. nursery pest research and Extension programming. Journal of Integrated Pest Management,

Garcia-Pedrajas, M. D., Nadal, M., Denny, T. P., Baeza-Montañez, L., Paz, Z., Gold, S. E. (2010). DelsGate:

a robust and rapid method for gene deletion. In Molecular and Cell Biology Methods for Fungi. Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 638, A. Sharon (Ed.), Humana Press. (pp. 55-76). New York, NY.

Genin, S. and T. P. Denny. 2012. Pathogenomics of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex. Annu.

Rev. Phytopathol. 50:67-89. Gremillion, S. K., Culbreath, A. K., Gorbet, D. W., Mullinix, Jr., B. G., Pittman, R. N., Stevenson, K. L., Todd,

J. W., Condori, M. M. (2011). Response of progeny bred from Bolivian and North American cultivars in integrated management systems for leaf spot of peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Crop Protection, 30, 698-704.

Gremillion, S. K., Culbreath, A. K., Gorbet, D. W., Mullinix, Jr., B. G., Pittman, R. N., Stevenson, K. L., Todd,

J. W., Escobar, R. E., Condori, M. M. (2011). Field evaluations of leaf spot resistance and yield in

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peanut genotypes in the United States and Bolivia. Plant Disease, 95, 263-268. Gu, X., Glushka, J., Yin, Y., Xu, Y., Denny, T. P., Smith, J., Jiang, Y., Bar-Peled, M. (2010). Identification of a

bifunctional UDP-4-keto-pentose/UDP-xylose synthase in the plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum strain GMI1000, a distinct member of the 4,6-dehydratase and decarboxylase family. J. Biol. Chem., 285, 9030-9040.

Ha, Y., J. S. Kim, T. P. Denny, and M. A. Schell. 2012. A rapid, sensitive assay for Ralstonia solanacearum race 3

biovar 2 in plant and soil samples using magnetic beads and real-time PCR. Plant Dis. 96:258-264. Holbrook, C. C., Dong, W., Timper, P., Culbreath, A. K., Kvien, C. K. (2012). Registration of peanut

germplasm Line TifGP-2, a nematode susceptible sister line of 'Tifguard'. Journal of Plant Registrations, 6, 208-211.

Hong, J. C., Momol, M. T., Jones, J. B., Ji, P., Olson, S. M., Colee, J. (2011). Management of bacterial wilt in

tomatoes with thymol and acibenzolar-S-methyl. Crop Protection, 30, 1340-1345. Jackson, K. L., Yin, J., Csinos, A. S., Ji, P. (2010). Fungicidal activity of fluopicolide for suppression of

Phytophthora capsici on squash. Crop Protection, 29,1421-1427. Jackson, K. L., Yin, J., Ji, P. (2012). Sensitivity of Phytophthora capsici from vegetable crops in Georgia to

mandipropamid, dimethomorph and cyazofamid. Plant Disease 96, 1337-1342. Ji, P., Kone, D., Yin, J., Jackson, K. L., Csinos, A. S. (2012). Soil amendments with Brassica cover crops for

management of Phytophthora blight on squash. Pest Management Science 68, 639-644. Ji, P., Yin, J., Jackson, K. L. (2012). First report of root rot caused by Fusarium solani on Benincasa hispida in

the United States. Plant Disease, 96, 294. Ji, P., Yin, J., Kone, D. (2011). Application of acibenzolar-S-methyl and standard fungicides for control of

Phytophthora blight on squash. Crop Protection, 30, 1601-1605. Johnson, W. C., Langston, D. B., Maclean, D. D., Sanders, F. H., Torrance, R. L., Davis, J. W. (2012).

Integrated Systems of Weed Management in Organic Transplanted Vidalia Sweet Onion Production. HortTechnology, 22, 64-69.

Johnson, K., Minsavage, G., Le, T., Jones, J. B., Walcott, R. R. (2011). Efficacy of a non-pathogenic

Acidovorax citrulli strain as a biocontrol seed treatment for bacterial fruit blotch of cucurbits. Plant Disease,

Kammerer, S. J., Burpee, L. L., Harmon, P. F. (2011). Identification of a new Waitea circinata variety causing

basal leaf blight of seashore paspalum. Plant Disease, 95, Koné, K. D., Mohamed, D., Soro, S., Bolou Bi, B. A., Kouadio, Y., Ji, P. (2010). First report of southern blight of

okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Côte d’Ivoire. Plant Disease, 94,1379. Lebude, A., White, S., Fulcher, A., Frank, S., Chong, J., Klingeman, W., Chappell, M. R., Windham, Braman,

S. K., Hale, F., Dunwell, W., Williams-Woodward, J., Ivors, K., Adkins, C., Neal, J. (2012). Assessing the integrated pest management practices of Southeastern U.S. ornamental nursery operations. Pest Mgmt. Sci.,

Li, Y., Chen, C. Y., Knapp, S. J., Culbreath, A. K., Holbrook, C. C., Guo, B. (2011). Characterization of simple

sequence repeats (SSRs) markers and genetic relationships within cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L). Peanut Science, 38,1-10.

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Li, Y., Culbreath, A. K., Chen, C. Y., Knapp, S. J., Holbrook, C. C., Guo, B. (2012). Variability in field response

of peanut genotypes from the U.S. and China to Tomato spotted wilt virus and leaf spots. Peanut Science,

Li, C., Krewer, G. W., Ji, P., Scherm, H. W., Kays, S. J. (2010). Gas Sensor Array for Blueberry Fruit Disease

Detection and Classification. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 55, 144-149. Ling, K.-S., Wechter, W. P., Somai, B. M., Walcott, R. R., Keinath, A. P. (2010). A real-time PCR system for

broad spectrum detection of Didymella bryoniae, the causal agent of gummy stem blight. Seed Science and Technology, 38, 692-703.

McCullough, P. E., Waltz, F. C., Hudson, W. G., Martinez-Espinoza, A. D. (2010). Turfgrass Management at

Your Fingertips: Information Delivered Through “Smart” Phone Technology. Journal of Extension, Martinez-Espinoza, A. D. (2010). In National Spaniard Association of Greenkeepers (Ed.), Manual para la

Identificacion y Control de Enfermedades de Cespedes (Identification and Control of Turfgrass Diseases Field Manual) (vol. 1, pp. 97). Antequera, Malaga: National Spaniard Association of Greenkeepers.

Meinersmann, R. J., Berrang, M. E., Little, E. (2012) Campylobacter spp. Recovered from the Upper

Oconee River Watershed, Georgia in a 4-Year Study. Microb Ecol, (DOI) 10.1007/s00248-012-0117-8. Mullis, S., Gitaitis, R. D., Lewis, K., Langston, D. B., Watson, A. K., Sanders, F. H., Torrance, R. L., Jones, J. B.,

Nischwitz, C. (2012). First report of a new disease of onion in Georgia caused by a nonfluorescent Pseudomonas species. Plant Disease, 96, 285.

Ngugi, H. K., Esker, P. D., Scherm, H. W. (2011). Meta-analysis to determine the effects of plant disease

management measures: Review and case studies on soybean and apple. Phytopathology, 101, 31-41. Nyczepir, A. P., Kluepfel, D. A., Waldrop, V., and Wechter, W. P. (2012). Soil solarization and biological

control for managing Mesocriconema xenoplax and short life in a newly established peach orchard. Plant Disease, 96, 1309-1314.

Ojiambo, P. S., Scherm, H. W. (2010). Efficiency of adaptive cluster sampling for estimating plant disease

incidence. Phytopathology, 100, 663-670. Okello, D. K., Biruma, M., Deom, C. M. (2010). Overview of groundnut research in Uganda: Past, present,

and future. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9, 6448-6459. Olatinwo, R. O., Paz, J. O., Kemerait, R. C., Culbreath, A. K., Hoogenboom, G. (2010). El Nino-southern

oscillation (ENSO): Impact on tomato spotted wilt intensity in peanut and implication on yield. Crop Protection, 29, 448-453.

Olson, H. A., Jeffers, S. N., Ivors, K. L., Steddom, K. C., Williams-Woodward, J., Mmbaga, M. T., Benson, D. M.,

Hong, C. X. (2012). Diversity and mefenoxam sensitivity of Phytophthora spp. associated with the ornamental horticulture industry in the southeastern US. Plant Disease, 96,

Prostko, E. P., Kemerait, R. C., Webster, T. M. (2011). Georgia-06G, Florida-07, and Tifguard Response to

Chlorimuron. Weed Technology. Prostko, E. P., Grey, T. L., Webster, T. M., Kemerait, R. C. (2011). Peanut Tolerance to Pyroxasulfone. Peanut

Science, 38, Qin, H., Feng, S., Chen, C. Y., Guo, Y., Knapp, S. J., Culbreath, A. K., He, G., Wang, M., Zhang, X., Holbrook,

C. C., Ozias-Akins, P., Guo, B. (2012). An integrated genetic linkage map of cultivated peanut (Arachis

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hypogaea L.) constructed from two RIL populations. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 124, 653-664. Reilly, C. C., Wood, B. W., Stevenson, K. L. (2010). Relationship of shoot dieback in pecan to fungi and

fruiting stress. HortScience, 45, 87-91. Scocco, S., Buck, J. W. (2010). Fungicide resistance and daylily rust. The Daylily Journal, 65, 28-30.

Seyran, M., Brenneman, T. B., Stevenson, K. L. (2010). In vitro toxicity of alternative oxidase inhibitors

salicylhydroxamic acid and propyl gallate on Fusicladium effusum. Journal of Pest Science.

Seyran, M., Brenneman, T. B., Stevenson, K. L. (2010). A rapid method to detect fungicide sensitivity in the pecan scab pathogen, Fusicladium effusum. Crop Protection, 29, 1257-1263.

Smith, S. M., Steinau, M., Trick, H. N., Hulbert, S. H. (2010). Recombinant Rp1 genes confer necrotic or

nonspecific resistance phenotypes. Molecular Genetics and Genomics. Stamm, M., Auld, D., Berrada, A., Buck, J. W., Godsey, C., Heer, W., Holman, J. (2011). Registration of ‘Riley’

Winter Canola. Crop Protection. Stevenson, K. L., Keinath, A. P., Thomas, A., Langston, D. B., Roberts, P. D., Hochmuth, R. C., Thornton, A. C.

(2012). Boscalid Insensitivity Documented in Didymella bryoniae Isolated from Watermelon in Florida and North Carolina. Plant Health Progress,

Suiter, D. R., Eger, J., Kemerait, R. C., All, J. N., Roberts, P. M., Gardner, W. A., Greene, J., Ames, L., Buntin,

G. D., Jenkins, T. M., Douce, G. K. (2010). Discovery and distribution of Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Hetroptera: Plataspidae) in northeast Georgia. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 1, 4.

Tertuliano, M., Krewer, G. W., Smith, J. E., Plattner, K., Clark, J. R., Jacobs, J. L., Andrews, E. L., Stanaland, R.

D., Andersen, P., Liburd, O., Fonsah, E. G., Scherm, H. W. (2012). Growing organic rabbiteye blueberries in Georgia, USA: Results of two multi-year field studies. International Journal of Fruit Science, 12, 205-215.

Tertuliano, M., Srinivasan, R., Scherm, H. W. (2012). Settling behavior of the glassy-winged sharpshooter,

Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vector of Xylella fastidiosa, on different southern highbush blueberry cultivars. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, DOI: 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2012.01228.x

Thomas, A., Langston, D. B., Stevenson, K. L. (2012). Baseline sensitivity and cross-resistance to succinate-

dehydrogenase-inhibiting fungicides and demethylation-inhibiting fungicides in Didymella bryoniae. Plant Disease,

Timper, P., Davis, R. F., Webster, T. M., Brenneman, T. B., Meyer, S. L.F., Zasada, I. A., Cai, G., Rice, C. P.

(2011). Response of root-knot nematodes and Palmer amaranth to tillage and rye green manure. Agronomy Journal,

Tubbs, R. S., Beasley, J. P., Culbreath, A. K., Kemerait, R. C., Smith, N. B., Smith, A. R. (2011). Row pattern

and seeding rate effect on stand, yield, and diseases in runner-peanut cultivars. Peanut Science, Tubbs, R. S., Prostko, E. P., Kemerait, R. C., Brenneman, T. B., Wann, D. Q. (2010). Influence of paraquat on

yield and tomato spotted wilt virus for Georgia-02C and Georgia-03L. Peanut Science 37, 39-43. Wang, W., Li, C., Tollner, E. W., Rains, G. C., Gitaitis, R. D. (2011). A liquid crystal tunable filter based

shortwave infrared spectral imaging system for food quality and safety inspection: design and integration. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture.

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21 Plant Pathology Newsletter

2011

“Genetic approaches to dissecting and

engineering rust resistance in cereals”

Dr. Scot Hulbert Professor & Scientist,

R. James Cook Endowed Chair in Cropping Systems

Pathology, Washington State University

E. S. Luttrell Lecture

2012

“Long-Distance Dispersal, Spatial Scale, and

Landscaping Heterogenity: Integrating Field and

Modeling Approaches”

Christopher Mundt Professor

Botany & Plant Pathology Oregon State University

7

Wang, W., Li, C., Tollner, E. W., Rains, G. C., Gitaitis, R. D. (2011). Development of an LCTF-based shortwave infrared spectral imaging system for food quality and safety inspection: calibration and characterization. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,

Wann, D. Q., Tubbs, R. S., Culbreath, A. K. (2011). Genotype and approved fungicide evaluation for

reducing leaf spot diseases in organically-managed peanut. Plant Health Progress, Wann, D. Q., Tubbs, R. S., Johnson, W. C., Smith, A. R., Smith, N. B., Culbreath, A. K., Davis, J. W. (2011).

Tine cultivation effects on weed control, productivity, and economics of peanut under organic management. Peanut Science,

Wei, W., Xu, Y. L., Li, S. X., Liu, J. B., Han, X. Z., Li, W. B., Ji, P. (2012). Analysis of fusarium populations in a

field under different fertilization management by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Journal of Plant Pathology 94, 119-126.

White, P. M., Potter, T. L., Culbreath, A. K. (2010). Fungicide dissipation and impact on metolachlor

aerobic soil degradation and soil. Science of the Total Environment, 408, 1393-1402. Woodward, J. E., Brenneman, T. B., Kemerait, R. C., Culbreath, A. K., Smith, N. B. (2010). Management of

peanut diseases with reduced input fungicide programs in fields with varying levels of disease risk. Crop Protection, 29, 222-229.

Wright, L. P., Wingfield, B. D., Crous, P. W., Brenneman, T. B., Wingfield, M. J. (2010). Population structure of

Cylindrocladium parasiticum infecting peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) in Georgia, USA. European Journal of Plant Pathology.

Yin, J., Jackson, K. L., Candole, B. L., Csinos, A. S., Langston, D. B., Ji, P. (2012). Aggressiveness and

diversity of Phytophthora capsici on vegetable crops in Georgia. Annals of Applied Biology 160, 191-200.

Yin, J., Koné, D., Rodriguez-Carres, M., Cubeta, M. A., Burpee, L. L., Fonsah, E. G., Csinos, A. S., Ji, P.

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Plant Pathology Department College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences University of Georgia 2105 Miller Plant Sciences Building Athens, GA 30602-7274

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