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Plant Lighting
Semjon Reimer
Agenda1. Introduction2. Photosynthesis3. Lamps
3.1 Incandescent Light3.2 MH Lamps3.3 HPS Lamps3.4 Fluorescent Plant Grow Lamps3.5 Induction Plant/Grow Lamps3.6 Led
4. Applications4.1 Ebay examples4.2 Amazon examples
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
1.IntroductionGlobal radiation:Incoming solar radiation 340 W/m2
Reflected by clouds, atmosphereand surface 100 W/m2
Absorbed by surface 162 W/m2
Absorbed by atmosphere 78 W/m2
Mechanismen on earth caused by Global radiation: PhotosynthesisWater evaporationMelt snow and iceWarms the Earth
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
1.Introduction
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
1.Introduction
Human eye see only visible part of electromagnetic radiation (380-780 nm)Intensity of visible light is expressed in lux (lm/m2 = lux)Sensitivity of human eye is at 555 nm (green/yellow)Plant have two range of sensitivity: blue part 430-460 nm
red part 640-670 nm
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
Light sensitivity curveof the human eye
Light sensitivity curveof plants
Photosynthetic Photon Flux = PPFPhotons between 400‐700 nmThe higher the PPF value per Watt, the more efficient the light sourcefor plant growth.
2. Photosynthesis
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
6CO2 + 6H2O Light C6H12O6 + 6O2Carbon dioxide Water Sugar Oxygen
Chlorophyl a Chlorophyl bR1 = ‐CH=CH2 R1 = ‐CH=CH2R2 = ‐CH3 R2 = ‐COHR3 = ‐CH2‐CH3 R3 = ‐CH2‐CH3R4= C20H39OH (Phytol)
‐Chlorophyl a: 430 nm and 662 nm‐Chlorophyl b: 453 nm and 642 nm‐Ratio: 3:1‐Redshift with ß‐Carotine to 678 ‐ 680 nm
ß‐Carotine
2.PhotosynthesisLight reaction: Photolysis of a Hydrogen donor (energy take‐up)
H2O ½ O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e‐ (higher plants)H2S 2 S + 2 H+ + 2 e‐ (green sulfur bacteria)
ATP NADPH
Dark reaction: Synthesis of carbon hydrates (energy storage)CO2 + 2 H+ + 2 NADPH (CH2O)x + H2O + 2 NADP+
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
3.1 Incandescent LightFor lighting Indoor HouseplantsOld technologyHigh energy consumption
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
3.2 MH LampsMH = Metal HalideMH Lamps are gas discharge lamps
-only suitable for the starting andgrowing phase
-no transmition of red light-produce light in the blue spectrum
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
3.3 HPS LampHPS = High Pressure Sodium
• discharge takes place under pressure in an atmosphere of sodium mercury vapour
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
3.3 HPS Lamps
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
Sodium vapor lampNDL Low pressure lamp (light color spectrum)NDL high pressure lamp
Power: 1000 W 600 W 250 WBrand: Sunmaster Sunmaster PhilipsColor temperature:5500 K 6500 K 4500 KFlux: 80000 lm 50000 lm 20500 lmSocket: E40 E40 E40Price: 100 € 55 € 35 €
3.4 Fluorescent Plant Grow LampsMercury discharge lampsWorking with phosphors
blue phosphorBlue 440 to 460 nmBaMgAl10O17:Eu red phosphorRed 590 to 630 nm Y2O3:Eu (YOX)GdMgB5O10:Ce,Tb,Mn YVO4:Eu (YVE)
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
3.5 Induction Plant/Grow Lamps-Induction lamps are comparable to fluorescent tubes-Thear lifetime could reach about 100000 burning hours-working without electrodes-fire the gas in the tube with magnetic field-they need fluorescent material to produce light ofrequired light emission
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
3.6 LED
-With LED-Technology plant growing is energy efficient- life of LED is very high (about 50.000 h)-Different kind of wavelength are possible (660 nm, 440 nm, 470 nm, 380 nm, 610 nm)
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
Opening angle: 170°Voltage: 3,2 VCurrent: 350 mA/ 1.000 mAOutput: 4 W
Golden Dragon Plus LED Oslon SSL LED
Opening angle: 80°Voltage: 3,2 VCurrent: 350 mA/ 1.000 mAOutput: 3,7W
4. Applications
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
4. ApplicationsGrowing of gras soccer field
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
4.1 Ebay Examples
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
Power: 500 LumenPower consumption : 14 WattPrice: 26€
Power: 600 LumenPower consumption : 15 WattPrice : 40€
Power:?Power consumption: 9 WattPrice : 17€
Power: 3650 LumenPower consumption : 90 WattPrice : 95€
Power: 4800 LumenPower consumption : 120 WattPrice : 160€
4.2 Amazon Examples
Incoherent Light SourcesSemjon Reimer
Power consumption : 200 WattPrice: 100€
HPS Lamp GrowsetPower consumption : 400 WattPrice: 80€
Hydrofarm LY8U250CPPower consumption : 250WattPrice: 25€
HPS GrowlampPower consumption : 400WattPrice : 70€
Sources• http://www.osram.de• http://www.eoearth.org• http://www.electronicproducts.com• http://zeiss‐campus.magnet.fsu.edu• http://www.eyehortilux.com• http://www.hidhut.com• http://www.nbsls.com/• http://progressivegardening.com• http://www.mountainvalleygrowers.com• http://www.sglconcept.com• http://www.econoluxindustries.com• http://www.sslight.de/blog/1652.html
• Booklet Philips: Philips LED Lighting in horticulture
• Homepage: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Thomas Jüstel
Inkohärente Lichtquellen (Incoherent Light Sources)