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Planning for Smart Grid in TNB System

PECon2010 2010 IEEE Conference on Power and Energy

Sunway Resort Hotel & Spa

Mohd Yusof Rakob Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Malaysia

yusofr1@tnb.com.my

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Contents of presentation

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• Introduction • Electric power utility companies in Malaysia • Overview of demand – supply of TNB’s grid system • Overview of TNB’s grid system

• Identifying drivers for developing smart grid

• Features of TNB’s smart grid

• TNB’s smart grid implementation plan

• Future prospects and opportunities

“Powering The Nation”

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Electric power utility companies in Malaysia

Peninsular Malaysia

Tenaga Nasional

Berhad (TNB)

Sarawak

Sarawak Energy Berhad

(SEB)

Sabah

Sabah Electricity

Sendirian Berhad

(SESB) (80% owned

by TNB)

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General profile of power utilities in Malaysia

TNB (P. Malaysia) SEB (Sarawak) SESB (Sabah)

• Operates in Peninsular Malaysia

• Total generation capacity is 21,051 MW (2010)

• Customer is 7,593,684 • Max demand:

15,072MW • Gen mix (2010):

– 54% gas – 40% coal – 5.2% hydro – 0.2% distillate

• Operates in Sarawak • Total generation

capacity: 1230 MW (2009)

• Customer is 499,618 • Max demand : 1036

MW • Gen mix (2009):

–53% gas – 34% coal –8% hydro –5% diesel

• Operates in Sabah • Total generation

capacity is 866.4 MW (2010)

• Customer is 413,983 • Max demand :760 MW • Gen mix (2009):

– 57% oil – 31% gas – 9% hydro – 3% biomass.

NOTE: Electricity supply industry in Malaysia is a fully regulated. TNB, SEB and SESB are vertically

integrated and operate along with independent power producers (IPPs).

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Overview Of TNB System - Trend of demand growth (2007 ~ 2010)

NOTE: PD denotes Peak Demand

5,500

6,500

7,500

8,500

9,500

10,500

11,500

12,500

13,500

14,500

15,500

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51

MW

Weekly Peak Demand & Trough (MW) - Week Ending 14/11/2010

2007 PD 2008 PD 2009 PD 2010 PD

2007 Trough 2008 Trough 2009 Trough 2010 Trough

2007 Peak Demand: 13,620MW

2008 Peak Demand: 14,007MW

2009 Peak Demand: 14,245MW

Peak Demand of 14,311MW

Jan MarFeb Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

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Overview Of TNB System - Electricity consumption by customer type (1990~2030)

1990 2000 2015 2025

Historical Forecast

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Overview Of TNB System - Trend of power generation mix (1976~2008)

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%1

97

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78

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Natural gas

Oil

Hydroelectricity Coal

Distillate

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Overview Of TNB System - Transmission power grid

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Kulim

Lumut

Kuala Berang

TemerlohBentong

Gua Musang

Kuala Lipis

Jerantut

Muadzam Shah

Mentakab

Kuala Pilah

Segamat

Mersing

Kluang

Kuah

Sg. Petani

Dungun

Taiping

Teluk Intan

Kuala Selangor

Kuala Kubu Baru

Banting

Gemas

Muar

Batu Pahat

Pontian Kechil

Seri Iskandar

Kampar

Melaka

Seremban

Georgetown

Kota Bharu

Kuala Terengganu

Ipoh

Kuantan

Shah Alam

Kangar

JOHOR

PAHANG

MELAKA

NEGERI SEMBILAN

SELANGOR

PERAK

KEDAH

PULAU PINANG

KELANTAN

TERENGGANU

PERLIS

WILAYAHPERSEKUTUAN

LANGKAWI

PAHLAWAN

PASIRGUDANG

BERSIA

KENERING

TEMENGOR

KENYIR

SG PIAH UPPER

SG PIAH LOWER

JOR

WOH

ODAK

CHENDEROH

PERGAU

N

Johor Bahru

SEGARIGB3

CONNAUGHT BRIDGE SERDANG

PORT KLANG

POWERTEK

PD POWER

GENTING SANYEN

TJPS

YTL

PAKA

YTL

Ayer Tawar

Batu GajahPapan

Kuala Kangsar

Bukit TambunJunjung

GurunBedong

Kota Setar

Chuping

Bukit Tarek

KL (N) KL (E)

Hicom G

KL (S)

SalakTinggi

Melaka

Kg Awah

Skudai

Telok Kalong

Tanah Merah

Yong Peng (N)

PENINSULAR MALAYSIAMAIN GRID

ButterworthBukit Tengah

GELUGOR

JANAMANJUNG

PERLISPOWER

PANGLIMA

Gelang Patah

Alor Setar

Paroi

Kelemak

TG BIN

Yong Peng (E)

PRAI POWER

JIMAH

275kV line

500kV energized 275kV

line

500kV line LEGEND

Main Transmission Grid 500kV / 275kV / 132kV of approximately

• 19,000 circuit-kilometers of overhead

transmission lines

• 780 circuit-kilometers of underground

transmission cables

• 385 transmission substations with

transformation capacity of 83,000 MVA

Cross - Border Interconnection • 300kV HVDC P. Malaysia - Thailand

(300MW)

• 132kV HVAC P. Malaysia - Thailand

(80MW)

• 275kV HVAC link P. Malaysia - Singapore

(450MW)

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TNB’s main concerns on planning

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• Electricity demand growth continues – 3.5% for next 10 years – 2.7% for next 20 years

• The local natural gas resources as “clean” fuel is depleting

• It will be replaced by coal, until nuclear option is available in post 2020

• There are serious concerns on CO2 emission, increasing dependency on fossil sources and lack of RE, EE & DSM and increasing consumer expectations

• There is urgent need to increase operational efficiency i.e. there is need to increase utilisation of transmission and distribution assets and to reduce system losses

Opens opportunity for harnessing the benefits of smart grid

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Drivers for developing TNB’s smart grid

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Global trends • Development of smart grid is driven by 4 factors :

Ageing infrastructure (generation, transmission & distribution systems) Energy crisis (energy security & costs) Financial crisis (grid reinforcement becomes unaffordable) Environmental crisis (green house gaseous)

• They occur simultaneously

TNB’s case; TNB’s long term strategic plans • TNB’s 25 years Electricity Technology Roadmap (TRM) , with a purpose of

modernising electricity supply industry in Malaysia • TRM focuses on 4 main goals:

Reliable and efficient delivery system Intelligent power-delivery systems Value-added electricity products and services Enhanced environmental management

• The actions to go ahead is now

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TNB Technology Roadmap (TRM) 1

• Overview of 25-year Electricity TRM for the electricity supply industry (2004 – 2030)

• 4 themes in the TNB Electricity TRM

•Reliable and efficient delivery system

•Intelligent power-delivery systems

•Value-added electricity products and services

•Enhanced environmental management

TRM sets TNB’s journey towards smart grid

TNB TRM sets up the foundations and goals for near and long terms

Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2007

TNB Technology Roadmap 2

• Technology options derived from TRM 1

• Detail out action plan of chosen technology options

• 6 technologies identified: • Improve combustion

efficiency • RBI • IEC 61850 • WAIS • DNIM • CRM

TNB Research Technology Roadmap

• Align TNB 20 years Strategic Plan and TNB TRM

• 1st Destination (2006-2010) - 18 research programs have been created to ensure long term and progressive effort to improve the TNB power delivery system and 11 Niche Technical Services will spearhead the company towards business expansion

• 2nd Destination (2011-2015) – 4 Advanced Research Program and 2 Specialised Technical Services have been identified

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TNB’s TRM destinations

2004:

start

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2020: Smart & Intelligent Electricity Delivery Management

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2030: Breakthrough Energy Conversion Technologies & Sustainable Development

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2015: Robust & Resilient Power Delivery System 2

2015: Enhanced Electricity Products & Services

2010: Efficient Electricity Production & Delivery

2010: Reliable Electricity Supply

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Progress of foundation work so far

TECHNOLOGY IDENTIFICATION

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Conceptualising TNB’s smart grid

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Economic/ Financial perspective

Customer perspective

Internal perspective

Learning & growth perspective

Long term stakeholder value

Higher energy efficiency

Lower CO2 emission

Infrastructure & resource strategy

Environment strategy

Human capital Information

capital Organisation

capital

Technology enabler • DMS and distribution

automation • AMI • New resources (RE, EE,

Co-gen, DER, PHEV) • Active grid • Test projects

Customer Management • Customer information • Customer engagement • Customer participation • Commercial

frameworks

Regulations, Standards and Societal commitments • Shared vision • Support • Collaboration

Higher supply reliability

Environmental sustainability

Energy security Higher asset

efficiency

Enable customer’s choice

TNB Customer Government & Regulator

Research & technology providers

Research area • Control

architecture • ICT

infrastructure • “Prosumer”

interface • Active grid

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TNB’s smart grid objectives

Objectives Initiatives

Improving operational efficiency (i.e. higher supply reliability)

• Distribution management system

• On-line condition monitoring

• Distribution automation

• Field Force Automation

• Geographical information system

• Customer information system

• Customer management system

Improving energy and asset efficiency

Empowering customers • Advance metering infrastructure

• Interface with building energy management system

Reduce CO2 emission • Promote RE, EE, Co-gen, DER

• Facilitate to enable connection of RE, EE, Co-gen, DER

• Dynamic voltage/VAR control

Support use of PHEV • Facilitate charging of PHEV

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TNB’s smart grid project

• TNB Smart Grid was embarked on November 2009.

• TNB has decided to implement Smart Grid Test Systems as demonstration projects.

• Three sites have been identified for Smart Grid Test Systems :

– Bayan Lepas (North); represents industrial area

– Bukit Bintang (Central); represents commercial centre

– Medini (South); represents green field area

• To drive the implementation of the Smart grid Test Systems, the TNB Smart Grid Steering Committee was formed

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Smart Grid Steering Committee

Chairman

(Chief Operating Officer)

Research Transmission Distribution Corporate ICT

Secretariat

(System Planning)

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Terms of reference (TOR)

– Definition and Purpose of smart grid for TNB

– Functions of SGSC

– Roles of SGSC

– Membership of SGSC - G,T,D, Research, ICT & Planning

– Quorum requirement

– Agenda Items

– Minutes of Meeting

– Frequency of Meeting

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Smart Grid Steering Committee

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TNB Smart Grid Development Phases

Phase 1 (2010-2011) • Improving operational efficiency via automation

Phase 2 (2011-2013) • Empowering Customers • Improving Energy & Network Efficiency

Phase 3 (2011-2015)

• Reducing CO2 via Renewable Energy

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Smart grid implementation initiatives

Improve Reliability

• Implementation of DA at pilot Sites

• Deployment of DMS modules • Fault Location, Isolation

& Restoration (FLIR)

• State Estimator

• Auto Contingency Analysis

• Auto Feeder Reconfiguration (AFR)

• Development of Integrated Customer Information System • Integration of the

various information systems e.g. CIBS, ERMS, CGIS, MFFA

Improve Energy Efficiency

• Development of VAR Control • Hardware+Software

• Demand Side Management • Provide live information

to customers

• Autonomous Demand Control

• Increase T&D asset utilization

Increase Customers Participation

•Deployment of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) • Bidirectional exchange

of usage information

• Improve billing Accuracy & Efficiency

• Improve New Connection Process

Reduce CO2

•Solar PV • BIPV

•Energy Storage • Batteries

•Electric Cars (PHEV)

•Charging stations

•Solar / LED Street Lightings

Phase 1 (2010-2011) Phase 2 (2011-2013) Phase 3 (2011-2015)

Advanced ICT Infrastructure

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Phase 1 TNB smart grid test system: Improving reliability of supply via automation

No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid

1 Power is generated at large power stations and transmitted and distributed via T & D systems

Yes Yes

2 Method of locating fault Manual Automatic

3 Method of isolation and sectionalizing of faulty section

Manual Automatic

4 Method of feeder reconfiguration for optimal operation

Manual (not optimized)

Automatic

5 Method of restoration of supply after fault is sectionalized

Manual Automatic

6 Method of mobilization of field or repair crew

Manual Automatic

7 Update database for management and customer information systems

Manual Automatic

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Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Empowering Customers

No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid

1 Customer is aware of own energy consumption in real time

No Yes

2 Customer has information for making decisions on changing their demand pattern (via BEMS) & gain benefits

Limited Yes

3 Customers have the capability to export power from RE sources back into the grid (on agreed terms)

No Yes

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Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Improve Energy & Network Efficiency

No Features Current Grid Smart Grid

1 TNB is ready for demand side management

No Yes

2 Automatic voltage and MVAR control and to reduce distribution system losses

No Yes

3 Utility can communicate with customers energy management system on controling customers demand pattern

No Yes

4 Higher utilization of T & D assets No Yes

5 Peak load reduction and interruptible load could be operated smoothly

No Yes

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Phase 3 TNB smart grid test system: Reducing CO2 emission via renewable energy,

energy efficiency, co-gen, DER, etc No Features Current Grid Smart Grid

1 Network is ready for penetration of renewable energy sources (solar PV), co-gen, DER, etc

No Yes

2 Network is capable to cater for bi-directional power flow

No Yes

3 Excess power generated via RE, BIPV, etc is fully taken & utilized via the grid

No Yes

4 Network is capable of meeting demand of electric cars (PHEV)

No Yes

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Phase 1 Implementation

• Six (6) activities / areas have been identified to kick start the phase 1 of Smart Grid Test Systems

Planning Studies

DMS/DA project

AMI Project

Communication project

System Integration

Online Condition Monitoring

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Terms of Reference Activity 1: Planning studies

Activities Establishing the distribution network for smart grid implementation

Purposes • To assess readiness of the network

• To identify components which need to be upgraded

Tasks 1. To compile and draw diagram to detail out connectivity of 33kV

and 11kV distribution systems related to the designated smart

grid area up to the immediate transmission PMUs, year by year,

from 2011 to 2015.

2. To evaluate readiness of the network by using power flow,

contingency and short circuit analyses method on the related

smart grid area

3. To identify the components in the network which need to be

upgraded for implementing distribution automation

Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and

recommendations

To complete

by 30 December 2010

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Terms of Reference Activity 2: DMS/DA Project

Activities Implementation of Distribution Automation and Distribution Management System

Purposes • Enable automatic detection, isolation and restoration of supply following a fault.

• Enable network optimization via load-flow and contingency analysis

• Enable fast response time

Tasks 1. To complete the installation and commissioning of SCADA / DA facilities for the

selected substations in the pilot sites.

2. To evaluate and implement the most effective communication technology for the

SCADA in collaboration with ICT.

3. To roll out and integrate DMS applications with existing SCADA such as (but not

limited to) :

• Fault location, isolation and restoration of supply

• Balanced load flow

• Contingency analysis

• State estimator

• Automatic feeder reconfiguration

Deliverables 1. A fully functional Distribution Automation system for the pilot sites.

2. Progress and Completion reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting issues and

recommendations

To complete

by

31 June 2011

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Terms of Reference Activity 3: Advanced Metering Infrastructures

Activities Progressive migration from RMR feature to AMI-like capability

Purposes • Enable irregularity and tempering detection

• Perform remote disconnection/re-connection

• Facilitate LV outage management

• Provide customers with consumption information for demand

response

Tasks 1. To achieve 100% RMR reading capability for the existing

HT/MV/LV LPC installation

2. To roll out RMR for OPC for selected areas

3. To enable GPRS communication modem for HT/MV/LV LPC

RMR and RF/PLC for OPC RMR

4. To identify features for AMI that achieve the objectives above

5. To migrate from RMR to AMI and enabling the Smartgrid

features

Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 highlighting findings and

recommendations

To complete

by

30 December 2012

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Terms of Reference Activity 5 : IT System Integration

Activities Integrating the existing system (CGIS, E-CIBS, CMC, MFFA etc)

for smart grid implementation

Purposes • Enable data extraction/ mining from the existing systems to be

used for relaying information to various parties eg control

center, repair crews, customers etc

Tasks 1. To identify the features of existing system which will

facilitate/compliment the implementation of smart grid

2. To evaluate readiness of existing systems to be integrated, with

regard to the hardware and software and identify and propose

method of system integration and associated cost estimates.

3. To implement integration of information system and assess the

effectiveness.

Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and

recommendations

To complete

by 31 June 2011

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Terms of Reference Activity 6: Online Condition Monitoring

Activities Online condition monitoring of primary equipment for smart grid

implementation

Purposes • To evaluate the effectiveness of on-line condition monitoring

techniques and tools in smart grid implementation

Tasks 1. To identify primary equipments which need to be monitored

within the boundary of the pilot site

2. To identify and implement suitable on-line condition monitoring

techniques

3. To assess the effectiveness of the implemented on-line

condition monitoring tools

Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and

recommendations

To complete

by 30 June 2012

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Prospects for smart partnerships / research opportunities (a non-exhaustive list)

• Control architecture – To evaluate centralised versus de-centralised architecture considering a

nation wide smart grid applications. • ICT infrastructure

– To identify and evaluate options for the last mile communication and information system and recommend suitable option for smart grid applications.

• “Prosumer” interface – To identify suitable information, communication and control products

and services to enable consumers with greater information and control to play a part in optimising the operation of the grid system nationwide.

• Active grid – To enable interactivity and coordination between the various level of

grid control (National Control Centre, Distribution Control Centre, Substation Control Centre, Feeder Control and Prosumer).

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Conclusions

• Growing demand and limited resources while maintaining to be environment friendly impose severe pressure to TNB in its planning. Smart grid is an option towards a workable solution

• TNB has decided to embark on implementation of smart grid test system projects. It will be carried out in 3 phases (2010~2013) at 3 sites; Bukit Bintang in Kuala Lumpur, Bayan Lepas in Penang and Medini in Johor.

• TNB desires to gain valuable experience from the smart grid test systems so as to lead to successful implementation of smart grid in other parts of TNB power grid system.

• Research are required for some applications in order to ensure only the right technology is deployed for the purpose.

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“Powering The Nation”

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Thank you

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DISCLAIMER All information contained herein is meant strictly for the use of this presentation only and should not be used or relied on by any party for any other purpose and without the prior written approval of TNB. The information contained herein is the property of TNB and it is privileged and confidential in nature. TNB has the sole copyright to such information and you are prohibited from disseminating, distributing, copying, re-producing, using and/or disclosing this information.

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