PLANET BLUE ( condensed version )

7/31/2019 PLANET BLUE ( condensed version )

1/65

Mcvg LcnFc}ag{

UHCOG] KHWG! Nòmgo~gm Vg{~bò "

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C hòd( hòd }blg cd`(bo c fc{( fc{ ctcr Dchcqr ///

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Chh nc{cn}g{g~ c{g fbn}bòch

]blg `f oc{{c}bò: }ag rgc{ >666

B lw~} ~}{g~~ }ag u`~~bkhg {guhcnglgo} `{ lb~{gu{g~go}c}bò `fdg`d{cuabnch

oclg~( ug{~òch oclg~( mc}g~ com uhcng~( oclg~ com gvgo}~ bo dgog{ch(tabna nco ~`hghr kg mwg }` hcni `f {g~`w{ng~ `{( l`{g hbighr( }ag

mg}g{b`{c}bò `f }ag lcdog}bn {gdb~}g{ f{`l }agDgog{ch Hb}g{c{r U{`mwn}bò ^r~}gl/

]acoi r`w


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3

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B Com{`lgmc Nchh /// ucdg >

BB @hm }blg~ bo U`{} @kch 2

BBB K{czbhbco Abdahbda}~ ;4

BV [`cm A`w~g Khwg~ ! ck{bmdgm "

V U`{}{cb} `f co C{}b~} ! ck{bmdgm "

VB ]ag Kbd Mgnb~bò 7=

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B J w{ogr }` Uhcog} Khwg ///// ucdg 74

BB C{}b~}$~ N`wo}{r Fconr Lgl`b{ ! ck{bmdgm "

BBB N`hòbzc}bò }blg~ ò Uhcog} Khwg ! ck{bmdgm "

BV ûcng ]{cvghhg{~ hcom ò Uhcog} Khwg

V ûcng ]{cvghhg{~ }cig,`ff Uhcog} Khwg

VB Gubh`dwg

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3/65

B

Com{`lgmc Nchh

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C} ab~ cuc{}lgo} bo }ag nb}r( Rco` Làclgm Chb( ~c} m`toc} ab~ mg~i com ~}c{}gm {gvbgtbod c hòd ucug{t`{i mc}c( tabhgab~ nh`~g~} f{bgom~ ~blwhc}gm c ubod,uòd dclg( w~bod c hbda}~acvbod k{w~a `vg{ co b{ò k`c{m( a`hmbod }t` k`ì~ c~ {cnig}~/K`}a tg{g swbg}hr acvbod h`cm~ `f fwo òng }agr n`whm

~` gc~bhr dbvgo }ag co}b,d{cvb}r ~cfg}r nòmb}bò~ }ag fhc} tc~~wuu`~gm }` kg ~wkjgn}gm com cnn`{mbodhr }` }ag ~gnw{b}rlgc~w{g~ blu`~gm kr }ag u{ùg{ Dchcn}bn Cw}a`{b}bg~ , }` uc~~}ag }blg tb}a o` oggm }` {g~`{} }` `}ag{ n`~}hr ~ùab~}bnc}gmdclg~/ ]agr k`}a tg{g h`ìbod d{gc}( o`} ~a`tbod c abo} `fcoqbg}r/

Rco` Làclgm Chb( n`luhg}ghr ck~`{kgm kr }agchuacowlg{bn nac{cn}g{~ }ac} ~`lg `}ag{ kw~bog~~ uc{}og{~ acm~go} abl }` cochr~g( hb}}hg c}}go}bò tc~ ucrbod }` ab~ f{bgom~/

]agb{ oclg~ tg{g Db com J`{9 }agr$m k`}a c{{bvgm( ~`lg

rgc{~ cd`( f{`l co`}ag{ dchcn}bn ~r~}gl com o`}abod ~gglgm ~`d{cnb`w~ }` }ag~g }t` hcm~( c~ }agb{ c},tbhh lcobfg~}c}bò~ tabna

Rco` w~gm }` nòmg~ngom/ B} tc~ kr gvgobod( }ag {``l tc~{cmbc}bod c tab}g ~abor hbda}9 }ag l`lgo} gqugn}gm krgvg{ròg tc~ cuu{`cnabod/ ^`ò }agr$m kg mg~ngombod }` }agd{`wom fh``{( kgh`t }ac} nòfbobod c{gc( tag{g c Ncf,kc{ tc~ùgo: c uwkhbn d{`wom fh``{ tb}a Nh`~gm com @ugo ~g}~9 òng }agrd`} }ag{g( Rco` c}}cbogm }` }ag }c~i `f ùgobod }ag m``{ }ù{`vbmg Cnng~~/ Cf}g{ }agr ~}gu bo( }ag m``{ bllgmbc}ghr d`} kcni}` b}~ Nh`~gm u`~b}bò tb}a`w} cor cuuc{go} gff`{}/

] }ag hgf}( òg n`whm fbom c dg`lg}{bn ~acugm lca`dcorhbogm n`wo}g{ com( }` }ag {bda}( c n`~r n`{og{ nò}cbogm coblcdg{r uhcrg{ com ~`lg n`wnag~/ Bo f{ò} `f }ag n`wo}g{( }ag{``l fbhhgm tb}a }ckhg~ com nacb{~/

Cf}g{ }agr c{{bvgm( }t` $n`nic}``,db{h~$ ~c} m`to vg{rswbg}hr bo f{ò} `f }ag blcdg{r uhcrg{ com ~`lg kcm l``mbombvbmwch~ kghòdbod }` }ag U[M ! Uc{}r f`{ [g~wlgm Mgl`n{cnr "}ac} acm }ag h`w~r ackb} `f lgmmhbod tb}a gvg{r}abod }agr n`whmfbom bo }ag u{glb~~g~( }`ì `vg{ }ag {``l/ O`}abod tc~ ogvg{ tghhuhcngm cnn`{mbod }` }agl com( c~ ~`ò c~ }agr ~u`}}gm cor `kjgn}(

}agr


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mbmo$} {g~b~} }` ug{f`{l }agb{ fcv`w{b}g }glu}c}bò: }` mb~{wu}gvg{r}abod c{`wom c~ bf }agr tg{g bo co `hm [guwkhbn# A`tgvg{(}blg~ acm nacodgm/

Kgbod Rco` mb~}{cn}gm( }{rbod }` {gucb{ c ~lchh `w} `f

fc~abò blcdg{r uhcrg{( }ag oc~}r uc{}b~co d{`wu ~`ò u{`vgm }`kg $aghufwh$ }{rbod }` mg~}{`r }ag ~lchh mgvbng `{ tac} tc~ hgf} `fb}/

^bong }ag co`mg kwhk tc~ ~guc{c}gm f{`l b}~ nc{nc~~(d{ckkbod com uc~~bod }ag mgvbng acom }` acom( }agr hg} b} fchh ò}ag d{`wom tb}a`w}( a`tgvg{( Rco` kgbod ckhg }` c~ng{}cbo tabnaòg `f }agl mbm( ò uw{u`~g( ~wna c nc{ghg~~og~~/ ]agr chh tg{g cnwoobod# ]ag mgvbng fghh ò}` }ag lcdog}b~gm nc{ug} kw} mbm o`}k{gci/ Rco` {gn`vg{gm }ag kwhk( fb} b} `w} tb}a }ag nc{nc~~ com }agwob} g~ncugm f{ l }ag vb~n`w~ nhw}nag~ `f ~wna lb~g{ckhg

lb~n{gco}~/ Rco` vg{bfbgm }ag ghgn}{bnch nòogn}bò~( ~}{cbogm }agcg{bch com }w{ogm ò }ag c}`l kc}}g{r/ Kg}tggo ab~ acom~ }ag~n{ggo kgdco dh`tbod fhbnig{~/ C mbcd{cl }` ~ghgn} u{`d{cllg~cuugc{gm ò ~n{ggo com }ag ~ucng }{cvghhg{ }wogm }ag mg~b{gmnacoogh( c~ ag tchigm ctcr f{`l }ag ogfc{b`w~ uc{}b~co d{`wu/

]ag fbhl acm ch{gcmr kgdwo/ ]ag ~ngog tc~ dhwl com}{cdbn/

Go}g{bod c {g~g{vgm n`luc{}lgo} bo }ag kc{( ag uw} }agmb~uhcr ò c }ckhg com ~c} m`to tc}nabod/ @o ~n{ggo( ag n`whm~gg c n`wuhg mgkc}bod tag}ag{ }agb{ lc{{bcdg ~a`whm kg mòg kr

}ag [gdb~}{r `{ }ag ]gluhg/ ]agb{ nòng{o tc~ }ac} }ag ~u`w~g~~a`whm f`hh`t }ag {gswb{glgo}~ mglcomgm kr }ag k{bmg$~ fc}ag{/

]ag b~~wg kgdco }` c~~wlg c {c}ag{ og`,{gchb~}bn ~acug/ [gvìbod}ag bmg h`dbnch c~ugn}~ ò ~wna c ~wkjgn}( Rco` nò}bowgm }`tc}na }ag nacoogh/

]ag d{``l tc~ co `w}~bmg{ `f kc{ghr {gn`dobzckhg `{bdbo/Ab~ f{`to `f c aòg~} lco com }ag ac{mog~~ `f ab~ fgc}w{g~(fw{}ag{ abda,hbda}gm ab~ wo~acvgo fcng/ Ag t`{g c nagswg{gm ~ab{}/

]ag k{bmg$~ ~hbuug{r acb{ tc~ dhwgbod }` ag{ agcm com ~ag tc~tgc{bod co ghgdco} gvgobod m{g~~/ Rco` }w{ogm ò }ag ^tcu

kw}}ò com }{co~fg{{gm }ag ~ngog bo}` {gchb}r/]ag uhcrg{~ tg{g o`t kgf`{g abl( ~}combod `w} m``{~( tb}a

}agb{ vchb~g~ {gcmr }` d`/ Bo kg}tggo k{bmg com d{``l dbvbod }agb{acom~( com }ag k{bmg$~ uc{go}~( }ag{g tc~ c ~lchh dc{mgo$~ dc}g(kwbh} bo u{gfck{bnc}gm ubgng~ `f t``m f`{lbod c ~bodhg fgong/ ]aguc{go}~ tg{g c} }ag a`w~g$~ m``{ com acm hgf} }ag hbda}~ ~tb}nagmò bo }ag ~lchh kwbhmbod/

Rco` n`whm ~gg }ag bo~bmg `f }ag a`w~g }a{`wda }ag ùgom``{ com }a{`wda }ag tbom`t$~ khbom~/ ]ag hbda} u{ jgn}gm }ag`khòd ~acm`t~ `f }ag k{bmg$~ uc{go}~ `vg{ }ag dc{mgo$~ hcto com

}ag {`cm/ ]ag k{bmg$~ fc}ag{$~ mg~bdo fgc}w{g~ `f ab~ fcng(


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gqnggmgm }ag ~gvg{b}r com aòg~}r `f ab~ fw}w{g ~ò bo hct/ ]agl`}ag{( c l`mg~} n{gc}w{g( t`{g co cu{ o `vg{ c ~bluhg com{w~}bn m{g~~/ K`}a `f }agl acm ogd{`bm }{cng~ com ~}{ìg~ ò }agb{fcng~/

]ag agc} com }ag obda} hgo} }ag ~ngog( }ag{gf`{g}{co~fg{{gm bo}` {gchb}r( c n`hòbch c~ugn}/

]ag k{bmg$~ uc{go}~ com Rco` ~}``m tc}nabod }ag n`wuhg}{`}}bod chòd }agb{ Hbfg$~ [`cm tb}a`w} cor}abod c} chh acm kggomgnbmgm/ Tago }ag ~bha`wg}}g~ `f }ag r`wod n`wuhg mb~cuugc{gmc} }ag kgom `f }ag tcr( Rco ( go`wda k`{gm tb}a }ag ~}`{r({glbomgm }ac} b} tc~ ogng~~c{r }` d` kcni }` ab~ j`k com( uc~~bod}ag mgvbng ag tc~ a`hmbod }` }ag k{bmg$~ fc}ag{$~ acom~( }`hm }agk{bmg$~ uc{go}~ }ac} }agr n`whm iggu }ag wob} f`{ }agl( bo `{mg{}` f`hh`t }ag hbfg}blg$~ ~}`{r `f }agb{ mcwda}g{ wo}bh }ag Gom ///

Rco` hgf} }ag {g~g{vgm n`luc{}lgo} com tgo} }a{`wda cachhtcr/

]ag{g tg{g ~`lg }ckhg~ com nacb{~ c} {com`l/ Ag ~wmmgohr ach}(~w~ubnb`w~( òng( ò }ag d{`wom( abmbod }agb{ agcm~( c~ bf }{rbod}` abmg f{`l ~`lg}abod( tg{g hcrbod m`to ~`lg ~}{codgbombvbmwch~/ ]agr ~gglgm fgc{fwh `~}{bnag~ kw}( l`~} `f }agl(tg{g com{`bm~ }ac} tg{g abmbod }agb{ agcm~ womg{ }ag mg~i~~nc}}g{gm c{ wom/ M`to( cn{ ~~ }ag achh( c m``{ ùgogm tb}a c

awdg {`c{ com( ~wmmgohr( b} ~a`tgm c dbco}( mc{i com ab{~w}g(Bombco `f Uc}cdòbco ibom/ ]ag $lco$ tc~ tchibod ~` d{wlur }ac}

Rco` na`~g }` {glcbo ~}bhh( ch}a`wda ~}combod wu,{bda}( }ag l`~}ag n`whm/ ]ag ag{nwhgco Kbd F``} lò~}g{ n{`~~gm }ag achh tb}a`w}ucrbod c}}go}bò }` coròg c{ wom/ Cf}g{ c l`lgo} chh }agcom{`bm~ ~}``m wu f`hh`tbod Rco` }` }ag Kc{/ ^` mbm Db com J`{/

]ag g~}ckhb~algo}( cluhbfbgm kr nòvgo}bòch ~ucng comkbòbn~ lwh}buhbnc}bò( acm }{gkhgm b}$~ bob}bch ~bzg( }ckhg~( nacb{~com nw~}`lg{~/ ]agr tg{g }chibod ~blwh}cog`w~hr tb}a`w} corcuuc{go} `{mg{/ Rco` ~}gu bo }ag kc{/ ^gvg{ch ~}gtc{m~ tg{g

nc{{rbod fw~gm m{boi~ com ~comtbnag~/ Rco` tchigm }` }agdg`lg}{bn ~acugm lca`dcor hbogm n`wo}g{/ ]ag uc}a tc~`k~}{wn}gm kr ~`lg ~}wkk`{o nw~}`lg{~ cn{ ~~ }ag ~g{vbnbodc{gc( `nnwurbod }ag a`w~g dcod tcr( com ag jw~} mbmo$} m{gt }agk`mr {gl`vg{ uù ag tc~ nc{{rbod kr }ag tcb~}( kgncw~g }ab~t`whm kg mb~lb~~gm c~ bhh,bo}go}/ N`~}wlg{~ kwzzbod }` lwnakgròm }ag chh tgm hblb}~( gvgo}wchhr cmcu} }` Rco $~ ~}c}g `flbom/

^}gtc{mg~~ Coog Lc{bg tc~ l`vbod c{`wom/Rco` cuu{`cnagm }ag nc~a {gdb~}g{/ B} tc~ blug{c}bvg f`{

abl }` bovg~}bdc}g b}~ nò}go}~ tago ~`lgòg gvgo}wchhr t`whm


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ùgo b}/ B} tc~ w{dgo}hr ogng~~c{r }` nagni }ag {gdb~}g{$~ kchcong/Ogc{ abl c lbmmhg,cdgm n`wuhg tc~ }{rbod }` lcig c }chi/

âg tc~ tgc{bod c }abo ~bhir d`to/ ]ag lco t`{g c khcninòmb}bòch ~wb}/ ]ag hcmr nclg kr Rco`( cuu{`cnabod ~` nh`~g

}ac} ag n`whm fggh ag{ k{gc}abod ò ab~ hgf} naggi( tabhg ~ag igu}tab~ug{bod ~go}gong~ tb}a o` ~go~g/ Rco` tc~ {gugc}gmhro`mmbod/ ]ag aw~kcom ~}c{gm bo}go}hr }` Rco` com l`vgm nh`~g{ }`k`}a/ Rco` {gc~~w{gm }agl( }ghhbod ag tc~ jw~} }ag Kc{$~ `tog{/

]ag n`wuhg tc~ mghbda}gm tb}a }ag ogt~ com k`}a fb{gm wu }` }aggqb}( tcvbod d``mkrg/ B} tc~ c{`wom lbmobda}/

C~ ~}gtc{mg~~ Coog Lc{bg tc~ o`} t`{{rbod }` lwnack`w} ùgobod }ag }bhh( Rco` nclg nh`~g{ }` }ag }bhh com( tago agf`nw~~gm b}( f`wom b}$~ l`mgh mbffg{go} f{`l }ag u{gvb w~ òg/Cn{`~~ }ag mg~i( ~gvg{ch nw~}`lg{~ ~ct abl ogq} }` }ag nc~a

{gdb~}g{ com fbom abl~ghf kgf`{g ~`lg mbffbnwh}bg~ bo h`nchb~bod }agùgor kw}}ò/

Chb# ! }ag{g# " , }agr chh ~cbm( hbig bo c na`{w~/, Kc{( Kc{ ag }acoigm w~bod }ag bo}g{dchcn}bn bmb`l/U{g~~gm }ag hwlu( nagnigm9 }ag m{ctg{ ~wmmgohr k{ìg

h``~g( ab}}bod abl ~swc{ghr bo }ag ~}`lcna( }a{`tbod l`~} `f }aglòg}c{r mb~n~ ò}` }ag d{`wom/

$Chb Kc{ Kc{ com }ag F`{}r Lbhhbò~ /// $( ag }a`wda}/Kgf`{g }ag lòg}c{r mb~n~ acm {gcnagm }ag fh``{( ag m{ct

ab~ l`mwhc{ ub~}`h com }w{ogm }agl bo}` dclbod nabu~/ Rco`

dhcongm c h`ì c} }ag kcoi o`}g~ com vg{bfbgm }ag gqb~}gong `f~gvg{ch lbhhbò lòg}c{r wob}~ com swbg}hr nh`~gm }ag m{ctg{/

]ag{g tg{g ~}bhh lcor nw~}`lg{~ c{`wom( kw} l`~} tg{g ch{gcmrdòg/

]ag ogq} l`lgo}( c} ab~ ~bmg( tc~ c ~hgomg{ k{wog}}g/ Ag{gn`dobzgm ag{ c~ }ag ~b~}g{ `f c f{bgom `f ab~ }ac}( }blg }` }blg(ag w~gm }` lgg}/ ]ag db{h tc~ uwzzhgm kw} Rco` tab~ug{gm c fgtt`{m~ nh`~g }` ag{ gc{/ ]ab~ }w{ogm ag{ c kb} l`{g swbg} com{gn`lu`~gm/

@og khìg cuu{`cnagm ~u{gcmbod ab~ c{l~ bo co glk{cng

}` tabna Rco` mbmo$} acvg }ag ùu`{}wob}r }` cv`bm/ ]agr ~cbmchl`~} ~blwh}cog`w~hr:

$Hòd hbvg( mgc{ n`hhgcdwg/ Hòd }blg o` ~gg r`w#$ , $ ^bongtg c}}gomgm nhc~~g~ bo }ac} @mm @hm Hrngwl# ///$

]agr f{ggm }agl~ghvg~ com gcna tgo} ùu`~b}g tcr~/^}gtc{mg~~ Coog Lc{bg tgo} }` }ag mbdb}ch }bhh( d`} }ag

~cvg( com nh`~gm }ag {gdb~}g{$~ m{ctg{/C} }ag n`wo}g{( }ag{g tg{g o` nw~}`lg{~( c} }ag }blg

kgbod/ Coog Lc{bg tgo} }` }ag [g~g{v/Tb}a ~wna c ~bluhg ~}c}glgo} Rco` acm `k}cbogm f{`l ab~

nw~}`lg{~ com( ch}a`wda bo u`~~g~~bò `f }ag l`~} ~ùab~}bnc}gm


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lgco~ `f ~}`{bod bof`{lc}bò( ag fcbhgm }` lgl`{b~g }ag lcdbnkw}}ò$~ gqcn} u`~b}bò( ~` ag n`whm uw~a b} cdcbo/ Ag lcmg wu ab~lbom com mgnbmgm tcb}bod f`{ ab~ kgcw}bfwh c~~g~~`{ Coog Lc{bg/

@o }ag `}ag{ }ù `f n`wo}g{ tc~ ~}combod c dwr gvg{ròg

iogt c~ $Jw~},@og,Acod`vg{$( c~ ~` obnioclgm kgncw~g agjw~}ncwda} òg( com f`{ d``m( lgcobod( òg acod`vg{bo ab~ go}b{g hbfgcom f`{ hbfg/ C~ c lc}}g{ `f fcn} }ab~ chbgo tc~ bo c ~}c}g `fug{lcogo} acod`vg{ ///

^}gtc{mg~~ Coog Lc{bg tc~ o`t tb}a ag{ ~hggvg~ {`hhgmwu( ag{ c{l~ bo}{`mwngm bo}` c hc{dg u`} fwhh `f tc{l tc}g{ tabnatc~ dbvbod ag{ c ~bob~}{ch com ub}bfwh h`ì/ âg m{ù `vg{ ag{ kcniag{ jwkbhco} khòm acb{ com ~cbm }` Rco` ~ag ~}bhh acm } d` b{òbod~`lg nh`}abod/

Tabhg }ab~ tc~ acuugobod( Rco` h`ìgm c} }ag ngo}g{ `f }ag

[g~g{v/ Co b{òbod k`c{m tc~ a`vg{bod jw~} ck`w} òg lg}g{ck`vg }ag d{`wom/ @og ~bmg }` }ag }ag `}ag{ `f b}~ tab}gog~~( c~acvbod k{w~a n`lbod wu com m`to( ~h`thr( mg~n{bkbod ~wnng~~bvguc{ck`hbn c{nag~ bo }ag cb{/

]ag k{bmg$~ uc{go}~ tg{g tggubod/^c}( gcna òg bo ùu`~b}g n`{og{~ `f }ag {``l( a`hmbod

{gl`}g nò}{`h mgvbng~( Db com J`{ tg{g ch}g{oc}ghr l`vbod }aggUcm~ ///Hgcvbod }ag }c~i `f nh`~bod }ag kc{ bo}` Coog Lc{bg$~ acom~( Rco`{g}w{ogm }` ab~ co}b,d{cvb}r cuc{}lgo}( ~c} m`to c} ab~ mg~i òng

cdcbo( com kgdco }` {glglkg{ c }blg tago ag }a`wda} `f vb~b}bodc mb~}co} uhcog} bo co`}ag{ ~}c{ ~r~}gl( nchhgm Uhcog} Khwg/ F{`l}ab~ uhcog} nclg ~`lg f hi~ h`ì chbig }a`~g ta` nw{{go}hrf{gswgo}gm Rco`$~ ~uhgombm Kc{/ Clòd }agl tc~ c Lg{ngoc{rta` mgv`}gm ab~ hbfg }` }ag {g~gc{na `f Lcow~n{bu}~( kghòdbod }`bombdgo`w~ com chbgo ugùhg f{`l `}ag{ dchcn}bn mb~}co} {gdbò~(tag{g oc}bvg~ ~}bhh w~gm acomt{b}bod }` n`luhg}g kbhhbod ~naglg~({gdc{mhg~~ `f tag}ag{ }agr w~gm( bon{gc~bodhr( c ng{}cbo }rug `fn`luw}g{~/ Rco` lg} }ab~ [g~gc{nag{ bo c Kc{ nùr ~}rhgmbovgo}gm kr }ag D{gc} Hwnc~ com acm kggo }chibod }` }ag

Lcow~n{bu} Awo}g{( kgn`lbod ab~ f{bgom/]ag Lcow~n{bu} Awo}g{ tc~ bo u`~~g~~bò `f ~`lg `{bdboch

lcow~n{bu}~ t{b}}go tb}a c kchh /// kchhu`bo} /// kchhu`bo} ugo#( ~wnatc~ }ag oclg dbvgo }` }ag ~}rhw~ w~gm f`{ t{b}bod ò Uhcog} Khwg/

]ab~ ~}rhg} n`whm kg `f c ~bodhg n`h`w{( `{ nò}cbo }t` `{ l`{gn`h`w{gm ugo~ tabna ch}g{oc}gm ò }ag wuug{ }bu `f ~}rhg}( vbc c}blg{( uwh~bògm tb}a }ag }awlk( u{`mwnbod c nac{cn}g{b~}bn~`wom( nhbni `{ }cni( cwmbkhg gvgo bo vg{r o`b~r ~}`{lr obda}~/^wna Lcow~n{bu}~ nò}cbogm c ~lchh {gug{}`b{g `f hbfg com h`ìgm}` kg t{b}}go {c}ag{ l`{g kr gl`}bòch mb~nac{dg }ago c~ c {g~wh}

`f cor ibom `f }chgo}/ Nw{{go}hr( mgv`}bod abl~ghf }` n`hhgn} ~lchh


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}{gc~w{g~( Rco` nò~bmg{gm }ac} bf ag mbmo$} fbom }ag }{cng `f ~wnaibom `f vchwg n`whm c} hgc~} iggu b} c~ c [ghbn/

Tac} acuugogm tc~ }ac} ab~ f{bgom( }ag Lg{ngoc{r,[g~gc{nag{ ! L[ "( acm bonhwmgm ~`lg o`}g~ ck`w} }ag hbfg `f co

woio`to C{}b~}( cw}a`{ `f }a`~g lcow~n{bu}~( }ab~ C{}b~} t{`}g tb}ac kchh /// kchhu`bo} /// kchhu`bo} ugo#( cf}g{ }ag L[ nò}cn}gm abl(mw{bod co gc~r }blg( tago ag tgo} m`to }` Uhcog} Khwg bo `{mg{}` {gucb{ ab~ ~ucngn{cf} bo c ^ghf ûcngn{cf} Dc{cdg Ngo}{g(gqnacodbod tb}a }ag C{}b~} ~`lg blu{g~~bò~ ck`w} ab~ hbfg comt`{i/

Rco` tc~ }`hm kr }ag L[ }ac} }ab~ C{}b~} ~wffg{gm c mggumgngu}bò }ac} ùg{c}gm bo ab~ lbom( tabna hgf} abl vg{rmb~cuu`bo}gm( cf}g{ ~`lg [gv`hw}bò ( bob}bc}gm tb}a c N`wu m$G}c}(`nnw{{gm bo ab~ oc}bvg n`wo}{r/

]ab~ C{}b~} tc~ c fwhhr nòfbmgo} ug{~ò( c~ chh }ag c{}b~}~w~g }` kg( kw} hbig ~`lg `}ag{ tghh,{go`togm c{}b~}~ com c{}b~co~bo `}ag{ u`hb}bnch g{c( ag d`} kcnifb{gm tb}a }ag ~a`} `f [gv`hw}bò(~` }` ~ugci/

Mw{bod }ag }blg~ }ac} f`hh`tgm }ag nb}gm {gv`hw}bò vg{rfgt v`bng~ {cb~gm cdcbo~} }ag ogdhbdgong bo tabna }ag Nwh}w{chMguc{}lgo} tc~ hgf} bo }ag C{}b~}$~ n`wo}{r( nò}bowbod( c~ w~wch(}ag ^}c}g$~ kwmdg} }` kgswgc}a mg{b~`{r cl`wo}~ cvcbhckhg }` kgw~gm bo }ag nwh}w{ch c{gc / ]ag hgcmg{ `f Nwh}w{ch [gv`hw}bò tc~ cDgog{ch }ac} Rco`$~ f{bgom( }ag L[( n`whm o`} {glglkg{ }ag oclg

kw} tc~ ~w{g }` kg oclgm cf}g{ }ag }b}hg `f c uhcr f{`l c d{gc}Godhb~a uhcrt{bda} oclgm âcig~kgg{/

Chl`~} bllgmbc}ghr cf}g{ }ag [gv`hw}b o( }ag m`lboco}f`{ng~( ~wnng~~fwhhr c}}glu} }` ~aghvg com blu{b~ò }ag [gv`hw}bòHgcmg{ f`{ lcor rgc{~( }` }ag gq}go} }ac} }ag U`hb}bnch Hgf} Uc{}r{glcbogm mbvbmgm/ C~ }ab~ c{}b~} mbm o`} tco} }` kg nò~bmg{gm c${bda} c{}b~}$( òng {bda} c{}b~}~ mò$} gvgo gqb~}( gvgo}wchhr dcvgwu `f u{cn}b~bod cor f`{l~ `f C{} }` godcdg abl~ghf bo u{gfg{gong}` }ag }gnaobswg `f lcowfcn}w{bod ~ucnbch gquh`~bvg~ ///

]ag Ngo}w{r m{ct ò b}~ fboch mcr~ com ogb}ag{ }ag

uc~~cdg `f }ag l`~} bofcl`w~ N`lg} Achhgr lcocdgm }`bo}{ mwng ogt vgdg}c~}{ch dg{l~ bo}` }ag a hh`t agcm~ `fu`hb}bnbco~ com nb}bzgo~ f{`l }ag c{}b~}$~ a`lghcom/ ]agr dc}ag{ boc hcrg{ `f ~igu}bnch ta` mbm o`} gvgo kghbgvg bo chbgo~ com( bo chhlc}}g{~ }ac} n`whm gvgo}wchhr n`lg mbffg{go} f{`l }ag fcig com}{bvbch nb{nwl~}co}bchb}r `f }ag Fc}ag{( }ag ^ò com }ag A`hr Da`~}(abomg{ }agb{ blcdboc}bò c~ }` ncw~g }agl ~g{b`w~ u~rna`h`dbnchuc}a`h`dr/ C kwona `f khbom( mgcf( mwlk com hclg#( jw~} }` sw`}g}ag d{gc} @{hcom / ]ag kg~} swbu òg n`whm cuuhr }` }agl t`whmkg $Nòdgob}ch N{g}bo`bm~($ kw} }agr tg{g {c}ag{ l`{g n`llòhr

io`to c~ $Fh`ni$/


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]ag m`nwlgo}~ }ac} Rco` acm o`t kg}tggo ab~ acom~( o`}{gchhr io`tbod tac} }` lcig `f }agl( tg{g lbqgm tb}a ~agg}~ `fn`luw}g{b~gm t{b}bod }ac} ag igu} abl~ghf go}g{}cbogm k{`t~bod/Db com J`{( acm {g}w{ogm }` }ag co}b,d{cvb}r cuc{}lgo}( ~` }b{gm

}agr tg{g `f uhcrbod tb}a }ag gUcm~ com k`}a ~}{g}nagm ò }ag a`}cb{ kh`to n`wnag~/ @w} `f k`{gm`l `{ hczbog~~ Db c~igm bf }ag{gtc~ cor}abod bo}g{g~}bod }ac} ag n`whm {gcm kgf`{g ~}c{}bod c ogtdclg tb}a J`{/ Rco` ~a`tgm abl( ò c ~aghf( c k`ì ck`w} $L`hg{Ù{`vg{k~$ com( c~ J`{ tc~ wotbhhbod }` m` tac}gvg{ com chl`~}c~hggu( Rco` }`ì }ag ùu`{}wob}r( f`{ }ag fb{~} }blg( ~}c{} {gcmbod}ag oc{{c}bvg~ }ac} }ag Lg{ngoc{r,[g~gc{nag{ Lcow~n{bu},Awo}g{ !L[LA " acm `ffg{gm abl9 }ag~g tg{g t{b}}go( bo c ~ughhbod comhcr`w} ~`lgtac} c{nacbn com acm c ~}rhg `f c j`w{och/

//////////////////////////////////////////////////

BB

@hm }blg~ bo U`{} @kch

U`{} @kch( Cu{bh =( 3215 O`ò/

B ~}bhh mò$} io`t a`t }` ~}c{}/ Fbombod }ag ~go}gong }`kgdbo( }ag igr `f @ugor( b~( f`{ lg( l`~} `f }blg~( }ag d{gc}g~}mbffbnwh}r/ Kgncw~g }ag fb{~} ~go}gong ~a`whm nò}cbo chh }ag

ghglgo}~ oggmgm }` ncu}bvc}g }ag {gcmg{$~ c}}go}bò/ C~ f`{(bo~go~bkhr( ag nco uc~~ }` }ag f`hh`tbod ~go}gong~( chtcr~ tb}abon{gc~bod com d{gc}g~} nw{b`~b}r com uhgc~w{g/ Bf u`~~bkhg( }agfb{~} ~go}gong }ag hc~} ~go}gong( k`}a( ~a`whm u`}go}bchhr nò}cbo}ag ta hg ~}`{r !gcna òg ~ro}ag~bzbod }ag ~}`{r bo ùu`~b}gmb{gn}bò~ " tb}a`w}( a`tgvg{( }` mb~nh`~g }ag ~}`{r$~ fwhh nò}go}/Bo `{mg{ }ac} {gcmg{~ ta` {gcm }ag ~go}gong~( {gcm f{`l }agkgdboobod }` }ag gom( com( f`{ }a`~g ta` c}}glu} }` {gcm jw~} }agGom( m` o`} dg} bo u`~~g~~bò `f ~gn{g}~ nò}cbogm bo kg}tggo/

Kw} b} lcr o`} kg go`wda jw~} }` io`t a`t }` {gcm ///

Bo}g{lgmbc}g ~go}gong~ c{g gc~bg{ }` womg{~}com( }agr


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A`t lcor }b}hg~ ~wna c k`ì t`whm o`} acvg 0#@{( lb~chbdobod }ag t`{m~$ chbdolgo} }` f`{l bonàg{go}

ug{b`m~( ~`( òng cdcbo( }ag wof`{}woc}g {gcmg{( t`whm kg bovb}gm}` lcig wu c ~}`{r/ Gcna {gcmg{( gcna ~}`{r( c~ òg nco blcdbog/

*

]ag nh`ni ~a`t~ b}$~ ck`w} lbmobda}/ B nco agc{ v`bng~`w}m``{~/ V`bng~ com f``}~}gu~/ B}$~ v`bng~ }ac} blu{g~~g~ lgl`~}( f``}~}gu~ jw~} f`hh`t v`bng~/

Aw{{bgm f``}~}gu~( v`bng~ `f mb~nw~~bò( {b~bod wu }`dg}ag{t`wombod }ag a`w~g~$ tbom`t~( bo `{mg{ }` }a`~g v`bng~ nco hb~}go}` }agl~ghvg~ kg}}g{/B}$~ uc~} lbmobda} com B ~a`whm d` }` ~hggu /// kw} B jw~} igguctcigo/

Tac} ck`w} r`w0

*

C nh`ni t`{i~ c} }ag {ar}al `f b}$~ ugomwhwl `~nbhhc}bò~/B} b~ c {g~}hg~~ agc{} bo }ag {``l( u`wombod {ghgo}hg~~hr comb~`na{ò`w~/

@f}go `kjgn}~ fchh c~hggu/ ]ag ~clg tcr c~ gvg{rk`mr(}agr ngc~g }` gqb~} f`{ w~( com f`{ }agl~ghvg~( chòd }ag }blg

cf}g{ tabna( tg {g}w{o kjgn}~ kcni }` hbfg/]ag k`ì }ac} B ùgo mw{bod }ab~ cf}g{o`ò com }w{o }ag

ucdg~( {gcmbod( òg cf}g{ }ag `}ag{( {g~}~ o`t nh`~gm ò }ag}ckhg}ù/ Jw~} }ag n`vg{ ~}bhh hbvg~ bo }ag n`h`w{~ com blcdg~u{bo}gm( òng( kgròm }ag nò}go} `f b}~ uc{cd{cua~ com b}~~go}gong~ com t`{m~( }agb{ nò}go}( cnn`lucobg~ lg }` kgm wo}bhB cl c~hggubod/ ]ag n`vg{$~ fglchg$~ u{`fbhg tb}a vg{r ~`f} hòdkhcni acb{( }ag u`lgd{coc}g l`w}a,cjc{( }ag ta`hg ~lbhg `f }ab~t`lco( cnn`lucobg~ lg }` lr kgm com( }ag{g( ~ig}nag~ ag{~ghfcdcbo( }cibod ~acug com {gfwdg/

@o }ag }ckhg( }ag ugonbh( }ag g{c~g{( }ag k`q `f

tc}g{n`h`w{~( ucug{/ N`h`w{~ gomw{g l`{g }aco ~acug~/ ]ag ~ir(}ag ~gc( acvg n`h`w{( u{gm`lboco}hr }` acvg `{ c ~acug/ ]agnh`wm~ acvg o` ~acug/

]agr c{g c mgf`{lckhg f`{l( womgfbogm( womgfbockhg/ ]ag ~clgacuugo~ }` }ag tcvg~ ò }ag ~gc awdg ~ucng~ bo {ghc}bò }``}ag{ v`hwlg~ com `}ag{ }bda}g{ ~acug~/

]ag~g lc}g{bch ~acug~ c{g h`nc}gm bo ûcng,]blg( }ag~g

hc~}( Lc}}g{ tc~ ckhg }` godgomg{ c} }ag vg{r Kgdboobod/ C} }ag


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~}{gg}( }ag uwkhbn$~ bom``{~( b~ l`{g wukgc}/ ]ag ~}bhh hbfg bo~bmg}ab~ {``l hg} b}~ghf ncu}w{g lwna l`{g gc~bhr: c vc~g `f fh`tg{~(}ag k`ì~ ò }ag ~aghf( }ag c~a}{cr9 }ag k`}}hg~ bo }ag lbob,kc{(tb}a }agb{ ~}{codg com ~wddg~}bvg hckgh~/ ]ag{g$~ c ubgng `f

agcvgo B ~u`} }a{`wda }ag tbom`t `vg{ }ag {``f}ù~/Bo }ag kcnid{ wom( }ag ~wo lb{{`{~ b}~ghf( ~abobod ò}`

~l``}a lg}chhbn {``f~/ ]a{`wda }ag tbom`t~$ f{clg~ c~ tghh/^lchh f{clgm dhc~~g~ tb}a m{bgm n{cnigm kb}wlgo bo}` ubgng~/ Cdgo}hg k{ggzg fh`t~ bo }ag cb{/ ]ag fhbg~ c{g mconbod chòd ~ucng~tag{g }ag ~wo dg}~ ~}{cbogm/

Lbm Mcr b~ cuu{`cnabod/ B nco gc{ }ag ~`wombod `f ~b{go~com nc{~ a``}bod/ B nco agc{ godbog~ uw{{bod/ ^`ò lcnabog~ tbhhkg t`{ibod/ C~ tghh c~ hck`w{g{~/ ^`lgòg( bo }ag n`w{} rc{mgom~( ! `{ ~}c{}~ "( c j`k( lcr kg ~}bnibod ocbh~ ò c k`c{m/ B nco

agc{ }ag u`wombod gvg{ l`{g f{gswgo} com cnnghg{c}gm : kcod(kcod( kcod/

Kgf`{g ; ul/ B acvg }` hgcvg }` c {gomgz,v`w~ tb}a[`hcomc/ âg b~ ng{}cbohr ch{gcmr ~c} m`to c} c }ckhg( c} }ag Ncf(tag{g ~ag tcb}~ iggubod vg{r ~}bhh com nchl wo}bh b}$~ }blg }` hgcvg}` ~na``h/

âg tbhh kg vg{r swb}g( o` dg~}w{bod( o` khboibod/ Ag{ acb{(n`vg{bod uc{} `f ag{ fcng( c{g }abo tb{g~ `f uw{g d`hm c{`wom ag{~a`whmg{~/ Ag{ u{g~gong com ag{ v`bng c{g g~~go}bch }` lg/ B nco$}tcb} cor l`{g# B gqb} }` }ag ~}{gg}#

C{{bvbod }` }ag Ncf( B m` o`} lgg} ag{( a`tgvg{/ B tchikcni a`lg/

B$hh }cig }ag cf}g{o`ò }` {gcm c fgt nacu}g{~ `f c k`ì , ctab}g kbomg{ ucug{kcni tag{g u{bo}gm ~acmg~ nòogn} n`h`w{~{gm }` khcni( c ~}{gg} bo }ag kcnid{`wom kgabom tabna( tcvg~ c{bvg{ com ~`lg k`c}~/

^`lg ugùhg tcomg{ bo c u{`fw~bò `f Gc~}g{o ~rlk`h~/ Bo}ag ngo}{g `f }ag ~}{gg} c lco nc{{rbod c kc~ig} h`cmgm tb}a fb~a/

]ag cw}a`{( Lc{r Kw}}g{fhr( {gvbvg~ ~gvg{ch gub~`mg~ `f ag{hbfg ~nc}}g{gm c{`wom }ag t`{hm: K{czbh( Cod hc( Bombc( ]bl`{/

D{cmwchhr( ag{ oc{{c}bvg lcig~ {gcmg{~ io`tbod ugùhg comuhcng~( chh }ag }blg mbffg{go} f{`l òg gcna `}ag{( lcig~ w~womg{~}com `w{~ghvg~ com }ag `}ag{~ c{ wom w~/ ]ag cw}a`{{gvbvg~( bo ag{ k`ì( c t`{hm `f ugùhg com uhcng~( mbffg{go} g}aobnd{`wu~( fclbhr lgl`{bg~( nabhma``m lgl`{bg~( cm`hg~ngonglgl`{bg~ com gvgo c a`hbmcr ~ag ~ugo} bo Godhcom c} L~/ Lbhg~$a`lg#

U`{}` @kch( Cu{bh > 3215

]ag obda} nclg }` ~w{u{b~g lg( chòg tb}a lr mghw~bò~(


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lr m{gcl~( lr obda}lc{g~ com chh `}ag{ obda} lò~}g{~/ B cltòmg{bod bf b}$~ t`{}a nò}bowbod }` }aboi/ Lbom b~ hbig tc}g{ f{`lc {bvg{/ Lbom n{`~~g~ l`wo}cbo~ com vchhgr~ fwhh `f t`{m~ }` ~}cr~}cdoco} bo c hcig `{ c ~gc `f nò}{cmbn}bò~/ Tago obda} fchh~(

lbom }bg~ }agl }`dg}ag{ bo c f`{l `f co blugog}{ckhg og}t`{i(}bda} gonh`~w{g( hckr{bo}a tb}a o` gqb}( wo~`hvgm u{`khgl/ C} }ab~u`bo} b} kgn`lg~ ucbofwh }` }aboi( ucbofwh }` hbvg/

Lbom }{cu~ c{g vg{r vc{bgm/ ]agr {gfhgn} hbfg$~ tgk( b}~wo~`hvgm lr~}g{r/

Tcig wu# Dg} wu# D` }` t`{i/ Gc}# ^hggu# Tcig wu# Tac}c k`{gm`l# Gvg{r mcr( gvg{r mcr( chh mcr~ hòd( nò}bowchhr ~ggbod}ag ~clg f`hi~( }ghh }agl gvg{r l`{obod $d``m l`{obod#$/

C~ bf mcr~ t$m acvg }` kg ogng~~c{bhr gvg{r d``m/ @{(kgbod h`w~r( tb}a }a`~g t`{m~( òg n`whm lcdbnchhr }` l`mbfr }ag

mcr~/Bf òg ~cr~:$Kcm mcr#$( òg t$m ng{}cbohr }w{o f`hi~ `w} `f }agb{tb}~/ A`tgvg{( }ag h`dbn u{g~go} bo k`}a ~b}wc}bò~( b~ }ag ~clg/

]ag glu}bog~~ `f }ag mcr~/ Glu}r mcr~/ ]ag ~clg mcrgvg{r mcr/ C~ bf hbfg tc~ c d{cvgrc{m `f mcr~ }ac} `vg{hcu( ògcf}g{ }ag `}ag{( }agb{ {wbo~( `vg{obda}( }` nò}gluhc}g com ~}wmr cogt c{nab}gn}w{ch {g~}`{c}bò womg{ mbffg{go} ug{~ugn}bvg~( tabnatbhh {g~wlg c} mcto( {gkwbhmbod( wo}bh o`ò( `{mg{bod }ag ~}òg,a`w{~ ò gcna `}ag{/ Com( bo hc}g cf}g{o`ò( `f gcna mcr( igg}dczbod }agl cdcbo wo}bh ~wo~g}( }` lcig }agl n`hhcu~g tb}a c

~bluhg dg~}w{g( hbig nc{m nc~}hg~ `{ c ~com khc~}bod/C d{cvgrc{m `f mcr~/ C nglg}g{r gvg{r mcr/

U`{} @kch( Cu{bh =( 3215 O`ò/

Gc}bod/ ]ag uhgc~w{g `f gc}bod/ ]ag lgo}ch {ghcqc}bò }ac}n`lg~ cf}g{ lgch~/

]ag lgch~/ ]agb{ n`h`w{/ Vgdg}ckhg~ com Lgc}/ ]ag {g~}fwhrghh`t n`h`w{ `f f{rbod nabu~/

Bo gvg{r mcr~ cn}wch hbfg( tag{g t`{i nco$} k{bod lwnauhgc~w{g( gqngu} }ag òg {g~wh}bod f{`l }ag kgogfb} `f o`}~}c{vbod com ~hggu {`wda( bo }ab~ tc~}gm gff`{} `f `w{ mcbhr dh`{r(gc}bod b~ }ag l`~} gquh`b}gm cn} gcna mcr/

@og lgch c} }ag }blg/]ag mboog{ }ckhg com }ag vc{bg}r `f mghbncnbg~/ ]ag

dc~}{ o`lbnch cnng~~`{bg~/ ûbng~ }` u{gmb~u`~g }` cuug}b}g `{gwua`{bc/ C} }ag gom `f lgch( }ag mbdg~}bvg m{boi~/ Kw} w~wchhr òg~}c{}~ tb}a c ^`wu c~ c fb{~} n`w{~g/ û`ò~ hbf}bod com`vg{fh`tbod( ~ocuugm kcni }` l`w}a~ }ac} ~bu }agl( ~abobod fc}(

~hbuug{r/ Mbu kcni cdcbo bo}` }ag hbswbm ~`wu$~ uhc}g/ [gugc}gmhr


15/65

f`{ ~gvg{ch lbow}g~/ @}ag{ n`w{~g~ tbhh }cig uhcng/ ^tcu wu~bhvg{tc{g/

Bo l`mg{o mcr~( Lcn{`kb`}bn b~ dc}ag{bod fco~ ta` c{g}{rbod }` {gfw~g `{ swb} }ag gc}bod ackb}~ }ac} }ag fclbhr$~

cong~}{ch ~}{wn}w{g blu`~gm9 dgog{bn f``m c{g {guhcngm kr }agb{bo}gd{ch f`{l c~ k{`to {bng com ta`hglgch k{gcm/

]ag {gfw~ch `f nò~wlu}bò `f bomw~}{bch ~wdc{,ncog,~wdc{`{ kgg}{``},~wdc{/ ]ag {gfw~ch `f ~cnc{`~g `k}cbogm kr gqng~~bvg{gfbobod bomw~}{bch u{`ng~~g~/ ]ag {gfw~ch `f gqng~~bvgnò~wlu}b o `f coblch fc}/ B}~ {guhcnglgo} kr }ag vgdg}ckhgn`wo}g{uc{}/ ]ag ug{fgn} n`lkboc}bò `f n`~lbn f`{ng~ nò}cbogmbo f``m/ ]ag u~rna`,~`lc}bn kchcong/ ]ag Rbo com }ag Rco/ ]gvg{r nac{cn}g{( }` gcna òg$~ k`mr fb}og~~( }ag f``m ghglgo}~}ac} kg~} ~wb}~ }` gcna nc~g/

$$Gcna òg `f w~ c{g tac} tg gc}( }ghh lg }ag uhcng~ r`wf{gswgo} com B tbhh }ghh r`w tac} r`w gc}/ ]ghh lg tac} r`w gc} comB tbhh }ghh r`w ta` r`w c{g/$$ ]ag mb~n`vg{r `f òg$~ ^ghf( `f òg$~~ghf ~ub{b}wch u`}go}bch( }a{`wda }ag f``m }ac} òg }cig~/ ]ag ~ub{b}u{guc{c}bò }` cnabgvg ug{fgn}bò bo }ag cn} `f h`vg ! `{ h`vglcibod"( }a{`wda }ag ogng~~c{r {gswg~}~ hbig nò}{`hhbod ardbgogtb}abo `w{ k`mr/ ]ag ogt j`r `f hbfg#

U`{}` @kch Cu{bh 7( ;5/75 ul

B jw~} acm lr mboog{/ U`{i hbvg{ kcb}~ tb}a òbò~#( nco ògblcdbog#0

B ~tb}na ò }ag ]ghhr: c ûcob~a,Vgogzwghco ibom `fglbd{co}( ~ugci~ bo ûcob~a/ B m` o`} womg{~}com gvg{r}abod ag~cr~ kgncw~g tago }ag ~`wom ab}( }ag blcdg nclg wu ò ~n{ggocom kgdco }` }{glkhg/ B} tc~ c ibom `f bo}g{vbgt/ Ogq} ogt~: }agmgc}a `f Fbc~n` L`{}dcdg/ ]ag bo}g{{ dc}bò b~: a`t ]agc}{g boU`{} @kch tbhh mgv`bm tb}a`w} }ab~ m{clc}w{dr ug{~òchb}r/ J`~guaVrcoc( co`}ag{ U`{} @kch cn}`{( ~ugci~/ Ag }gom~ }` kg u{g~go} bochh mb~gon`w{cdbod ~n{ggobod ~b}wc}bò/

]ago( }ag F``}kchh# ]ag d`ch# ]ag {gcn}bò `f }ag oc}bòch}gcl: }tgo}r,}t` lbow}g~ cf}g{ }ag kgdboobod `f dclg }agf``}kchh uhcrg{ Chkg{} fbob~ag~ `ff hclghr( }ag ^tb~~ mgfgonglb~~g~ }ag nw} com }ag iggug{ gom~ wu tc}nabod }ag ~uag{guc~~bod c} ab~ ~bmg bo}` }ag og}~

]ag Tgc}ag{ [gu`{} com }ag {wk{bn $U{`fbhg$/Bo $U{`fbhg$ !}ag Kwdhg acm ch{gcmr kggo coo`wongm c~ tghh

c~ ]wnac( }ag jg~}g{ m`hh9 }ag `vg{taghlbod ucng `f l`mg{o hbfg9~hggu tghh ò fhgqbkhg ~u{bod~ tb}a cuu{ù{bc}g kcnid{`wom lw~bn9

]C[C[CL( }ag Hòghr [cmb` ]ghhr#

Bo $U{`fbhg$( H`wb~ mg Dwg{lco}: nc{}`òb~}( mg~bdog{/


16/65

M{ctbod b~ c f`{l `f n`llwobnc}bò( ~wna c~ c }gq}/ ]`gqu{g~~ òg~ghf }a{`wda nc{}`ò~ b~ hbig gqu{g~~bod co ùbobò( cn{b}bnb~l/ ]ag mg~bdo `f bo}g{vgo}b o com }ag N`lbn~/ ]agmbffbnwh}r `f }agb{ {gcmbod/ C swbni com gc~r womg{~}combod( }ag

womg{hrbod jìg/ $]ag u`{}{cb} gqacw~}bvghr fbob~agm {gvgch~ }` }agc{}b~} }ag fwhh womg{~}combod `f ab~ l`mgh$~ ug{~òchb}r/ ]ag l`~}bo}g{g~}bod uc{} `f n{gc}bò /// /$$

]ag hcmr,u{g~go}g{ ~cr~ ~`lg}abod ck`w} /// ] or Khcb{0 ///Blcdg: c lco d`g~ m`to co glkcoilgo} ~c} ò c kc{{`t/ ]aghcmr ~cr~ ~`lg}abod ck`w} owlkg{ òg nòng{} `f K{cal~/

]c{c{cl( GFCNGN( MBV@[( NBOZCO@( N@^B KGHB# Bo oc}w{g o`}abodb~ n{gc}gm( o`}abod b~ h`~}/ Gvg{r}abod jw~} nacodg~/ ]{co~f`{l~n{cu bo}` swchb}r ubgng~#$]ag C~}g{$ Lcdczbog/ A``vg{ }ag Fc}ag{ Na{b~}lc~/ Lg{{r

Na{b~}lc~#]C[CL ]C[CL/$]ag }abod b~ }ac} M`n}`{ Clcomc c~igm lg }` mb~n`vg{

}ag tag{gck`w}~ `f c ng{}cbo ug{~ò /// $($Tac} b~ b}( c ~gn{g}0$ Bo^gu}glkg{( ~` aghu lg D`m /// /$

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]ag {gagc{~ch b}$~ kr gvgobod( cf}g{ mboog{ com cf}g{ }ag ]V

~`cu/ $]ag C~}{`$ b~ c ~`cu ùg{c }ac} uc~~g~ mcbhr ò }ag ~lchh~n{ggo/ [c{g c{g }a`~g ta` mò$} c~~b~}/ Ta`$~ cmcu}gm }` ]ghhr$~

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]a{`wda ag{ t`{i( òg nco cuu{gnbc}g }ag nò}{cmbn}bò~hcrbod tb}abo }ag fclbhbg~ `f }t` mb~}bon} nhc~~g~ `f }ag w{kco c{gc`f [b` mg Jcogb{`/ Nhc~~g~ gnò`lbnchhr cuc{}( kw}( ogvg{}aghg~~(swb}g nh`~g bo }agb{ tcr `f cuu{gnbc}bod }agb{ fclbhr com }ab{muc{}~/ ]ag~g c{g l`~}hr }agb{ `to nabhm{go/ ]ag nabhm `f c fclbhr

}ac} gom~ wu c~ co bo}g{och uc}bgo} bo c u~rnabc}{bn nhbobn kgncw~gag {gjgn}~ } f`hh`t }ag f``}~}gu~ `f ab~ cong~}{ch( {gfw~bod hbvbodcnn`{mbod }` }ag k`w{dg`b~( bhhb}g{c}g com ~ghfb~a tcr `f ab~ `tofclbhr ~}c}w~( }ac} jw~} nco$} ~gg }ag t`{hm cuc{} f{`l }agb{~ghvg~/

@o }ag `}ag{ ~bmg( }ag hbfg `f }ag ùu`~b}g nhc~~( tag{g~ucng~ c{g oc{{`tg{( tag{g ugùhg c{g nò~}co}hr `vg{~}guubodòg gcna `}ag{~ bo }agb{ dg~}w{g~ com bmgc~/ B} b~ }ag mcr kr mcrhbfg `f c u``{ fclbhr( }ag }rubnch nc~g `f c l`}ag{ ta` tco}~ }`~gg }agb{ nabhm{go lc{{bgm com `w} `f m``{~ c~~`ò c~ u`~~bkhg/

Kg}tggo }ag~g }t` ~b}wc}bò~ bo tabna ~ag ~gg~ ag{~ghf


17/65

~w{{`womgm: }ag òg `f c fw}w{g( n{wgh com ~gqb~}( n{wmg comnhwl~r aw~kcom ta`$~ ck`w} }` swb} ab~ j`k Nòngu}bò$~mcwda}g{( t`{igm c~ c kc{kg{ kgf`{g ~ag t`{igm c~ c }cqb m{bvg{(

j`k~ }ac} ~ag ~wnng~~bvghr ckcomò~ wo}bh ~ag b~ {gmwngm }` lcig

glk{`bmg{bg~ c} a`lg( }` uhgc~g ag{ k`rf{bgom Hbhhbco( mgnbmg~ }`{wo ctcr f{`l ag{ a`lg/ ^blwh}cog`w~hr tb}a ag{ fwb}g( `nnw{~Lc{n`$~ g~ncug f{`l }ag ow{~bod a`lg tag{g ag tc~ a`~ub}chbzgm/

Lc{n` acm ckcomògm ab~ wobvg{~b}r ~}wmbg~ com tc~(~wuu`~gmhr( !òng ag n`luhg}gm }agl "( }` kg }ag ~wnng~~`{ `fab~ fc}ag{ bo lcocdbod }ag fclbhr kw~bog~~ kw}( bo~}gcm( agmgnbmgm }` d` cbmbod }ag bombdgo}( hbvbod bo }ag fc{ kcnit``m~ bo}ag K{czbhbco jwodhg( tag{g ugùhg tc~ mrbod `f k`{gm`l comnabhm{go `f ~}c{vc}bò/ Lc{n` mgmbnc}gm ab~ aghubod cn}bvb}bg~ }`F{conb~ `f C~~b~b( òg `f }ag fb{~} u{`}g~}g{~ }`tc{m~ }ag tcr `f hbfg

com lgo}chb}r `f }ag cmvgo}b~} k`w{dg`b~bg tago( bo 3;55 CM( agmgnbmgm }` ckcomò }ag hwqw{r bo tabna ab~ fclbhr tc~ hbvbod(cv`bmbod abl~ghf f}ag tgch}ar hbfg,~}rhg `f ab~ fclbhr( hgcvbod }` }agfbghm~ }` {g~nwg }ag u``{ ugc~co}~( aghubod }agl bo }agb{cd{bnwh}w{ch t`{i( bo {g}w{o f`{ c }abo n{w~} `f k`{ò `{ gvgo f`{o`}abod/ Lc{n` {g}w{o~ a`lg tag{g ag iggu~ ~ggbod ab~ l`}ag{mb~}{cn}gm com nòfw~gm tb}a b}~ `to kgcw}r( chh }ag }blg bo f{ò}`f ag{ lb{{`{( ~w{{`womgm kr c {gdblgo} `f kgcw}bnbco~ com lcbm~}ac} iggu cm`{obod ag{ nh`}ag~ com aghubod lcibod,wu ag{ fcng(f`{ uc{}bg~( kchh~ com {gngu}bò~/ Lc{n` {gfw~g~ }` rbghm }` }ag

tb~ag~ `f ab~ fc}ag{( c~ ag u{guc{gm }` godcdg abl bo {woobod }agfclbhr kw~bog~~/ @w}hbobod ab~ {gc~ò~( ag ~a`t~ }ag oggmbod `fd`bod }` j`bo ab~ F{conb~nco~ n{òbg~( bo `{mg{ }` fwhfbh }ag lb~~bò}ac} ag fgh} nchhgm/ Ab~ fc}ag{ nc~} abl f`{nbkhr bo òg `f }ag kg~}nhbobn~ bo [b` mg Jcogb{ / Lc{n` `kgr~( kw} o`} tb}a`w} tc{obod}ac} ag tbhh o`} dbvg wu ab~ bo}go}bò~/ @ong g~ncugm f{`l }agnhbobn( Lc{n` lgg}~ Hbhhr/ ]agr k`}a lg} chòd }agb{ g~ncucmg}{gom~/

* *

O`t( }ac} lr lbom }w{ogm b}~ c}}go}bò }` }agnò}gluhc}bò `f Oc}w{g com }ac} B$m hbig }` }{cvgh cn{`~~ }agn`wo}{r( bf o`} c{`wom }ag t`{hm( B cl }b{gm/ ]ag u`hhw}gm cb{ `fw{kco ngo}{g~( }ag nc{ a``}~ com }ag gqacw~}~ fwlg~ hgf}lg(~`lga`t( bo}`qbnc}gm( go}g{bod lr k`mr c~ c mgcmhr u`b~ò/A`t lcor rgc{~ `f hbfg acvg B h`~} bo }ab~ ck`lbockhg mcbhr cn}bvb}r`f nò~}co} f{gswgonr `f Ncf~ {``l~ com `}ag{ u`hhw}gm c{gc~(bo }ab~ oc~}r {cng `f {woobod cf}g{ gvg{r}abod com gvg{ròg( tb}ao` uw{u`~g0

Tbhh B mbg u{glc}w{ghr0 @f tabna bhhog~~0 @f bogvb}ckhg


18/65

ncong{0 Agc{} c}}cni0 Uc{co`bc0#A`tgvg{( Oc}w{g b~ nchhbod lg: $$N`lg m`to lr {`cm~(

vchhgr~( dhcmg~ com }{cbh~( ugog}{c}g bo tac} {glcbo~ `f lr uc}a~(`f lr k`tgh~/ K{gc}ag }ag f{g~a cb{ B ~}bhh acvg hgf}/ N`lg }`

nò}gluhc}g }ag khwg( ~}bhh o`} go}b{ghr ~}cbogm( `f lr Agcvgo/N`lg }` }ag fbghm~( hgcvg }ag ~}bfhbod ncwhm{ò bo tabna r`w c{gh`nigm wu( hgcvg r`w{ {``l( r`w{ a`lg( r`w{ `ffbng( }ag c~~glkhrhbog bo tabna r`w t`{i gvg{rmcr( gvgo hgcvg r`w{ n`wo}{r comr`w{ Swggo#$$

U`{} @kch( `f Cu{bh(;5 3215 ;;ul

]ac} gvgobod( Aghgoc hgf} lg tb}a }t` k{bgf ib~~g~/ Ag{l`w}a jw~} ~hbda}hr }`wnagm lbog( ag{ hbu~ jw~} ab~~gm c t`{m wuò

lbog( }ag }g{{bkhg t`{m `f h`vg mghcrgm kw}( ogvg{}aghg~~( u{g~go}/C} }ag l`lgo} `f fc{gtghh( !wo}bh c fgt mcr~ hc}g{"( }ag gvgobodcswb{gm( womg{ }ag ach` `f ~}{gg} hbda}~( }ag }òg `f ag{ uboi ~`f}t``h acom iob} ~tgc}g{/ Com( hbig bo c m{gcl( ò c tcr kgogc}a}ag nh wm~( B {g}w{ogm a`lg lw}}g{bod }ag t`{m }ac} ~agtab~ug{gm wuò lr hbu~/ B tc~ h`vbod ag{ tb}a c mb{g oggm f`{ h`vgkw}( c~ B jw~} n`whm lgg} ag{ cdcbo( o`} kgf`{g ~`lg mcr~ hc}g{( B$m}` kg ~wffg{bod }ag }`{lgo} `f ag{ ck~gong tb}a o` hclgo}/

$$B io`t B tbhh {gj`bng tago B$hh lgg} r`w cdcbo/ B$hh kg acuurcdcbo tago B$hh h`ì c} r`w{ nhgc{ com mggu grg~/ B io`t B$hh ~ac{g

h`}~ `f ibom t`{m~ B tbhh {glglkg{ tago }ag obda} tbhh n`lgfh``mbod lr ~`wh tb}a ~`hb}wmg/ B io`t B$hh acvg }ag nc{g~~g~ `fr`w{ acom~( }ag tc{l}a `f r`w{ l`w}a( }ag ~`f}og~~ `f r`w{ {`~rnaggi~/ F`{ ~`lg a`w{~ chòd B$hh kga`hm r`w{ kgcw}bfwh ~lbhg/

Kw} B ch~` io`t }ac} f`{ gcna òg `f }ag }abod~ r`w$hh kgdbvbod lg( r`w$hh kg }cibod tb}a r`w ~`lg uc{} `f lg/ ]ac} bokg}tggo gcna }blg tg dhcong gcna `}ag{( }` c u`bo} }ac}( f`{ ctabhg( B$hh fcbh }` agc{ tac}gvg{ b~ acuugobod c{`wom( }ag ]V ~`wom(}ag kchh~ ~a`nibod bo }ag u``h `{ gvgo lr `to agc{} kgc} com lrk{gc}a com r`w tbhh hcwda `f lg( r`w tbhh l`ni lg#

] }ac} òg( }ag{g( ~`lg a`t r`wodg{ }aco B( r`w tbhh~}{ìg ab~ acb{( }` co`}ag{ òg( r`w{ hòd }blg f{bgom( r`w tbhh dbvgr`w{ cmvbng( rg} }` co`}ag{( r`w tbhh dbvg }ag uhgc~w{g `f mconbodtb}a abl9 rg}( }` co`}ag{ òg( gvgo bf o`} `f r`w{ cnswcbo}( r`wtbhh }cig `vg{fh`tbod ubo}~ `f kgg{/

]ago( B nchh r`w com c~i r`w ~`f}hr( bo c tab~ug{bod tcr:tar m` r`w lcig lg ~wffg{0

Co~tg{bod }` lr swg~}bò( r`w ~cr: $R`w c{g }ag òhr òg}` io`t ///$/

Kw}( tago }ag obda} tbhh m{bf} w~ ctcr( tago ~hggu tbhh

m{cd w~ m`to( B tbhh {g}w{o }` fggh }ag tc{l}a `f r`w{ ib~~g~/


19/65

Aghgoc tgo} ctcr ò }ac} ^c}w{mcr cf}g{o`ò/ âg hgf}ctcr( }cibod }ag ~wo tb}a ag{/

Mw{bod ag{ ck~gong B acvg mgv`}gm lr~ghf k`hmhr( lcibod

~`lg ~ngoc{b`~( }ac} B tc~ {gswg~}gm }` lcig f`{ }ag uhcr/ B ~ugo}}ag cf}g{o`ò kgombod `vg{ }ag ucogh~ m{cto ò c hc{dg }ckhg(~w{{`womgm kr ugùhg ta`( c} }ag ]agc}{g kwbhmbod( tc~ tchibodkcni com f`{}a( nb{nhbod c{`wom lg( u{g~~bod bo }ag kw~}hg `fgombod }ag ~ngoc{b`~/ B ch~` uhcoogm c lw{ch }` mgn`{c}g }ag{``l( ~` b}( n`whm kg hc}g{ w~gm( c~ cwmbgong com kchh{``lkcnid{`wom/ ]ag ~}cdg ~h`thr kwbh} wuò lg tabhg B {gnchhgmAghgoc/ B blcdbogm ag{ nc}nabod }ag }{cbo( lcibod c fgt lbow}g~}{cvgh( dg}}bod `w} c} }ag }{cbo ~}c}bò bo }ag ogq} nb}r/ Ta` tc~~ag gqugn}bod0 C k`rf{bgom0 C db{hf{bgom0 B acm c~igm ag{ o`}abod

ck`w} }ac} ~wkjgn} com }ab~ tc~ }ag kg~} B n`whm m`/ H`vg }c~}g~kg}}g{ tago h`vg{~ hb}}hg io`t ck`w} }agl~ghvg~/ Lc}}g{~ òg b~o`} o`} ctc{g `f( nco$} lcig òg jgch`w~# B~o$} }ac} ~`0

Gvgobod k{`wda} kcni Aghgoc }` lr c{l~/ Chh }ag }blg }ag~clg {`~r h`ì ò ag{ fcng abdahbda}gm womg{ }ag l`ò bo }agmc{i khwg ~ir/ Bo ag{ l`w}a tc~ m{cto c k{`cm com obng ~lbhg/Ag{ khcni acb{( ag{ d{ggo grg~/ C d{ggob~a }{co~uc{go} tc}g{ grg~kgc}go kr }ag cf}g{o`ò$~ ~wo mgnhbobod bo }ag ~ir/ B ~ct ag{cuugc{bod c} }ag m``{ hg}}bod acodbod f{`l ag{ grg~ }a`~g ta`tg{g }ag{g tcb}bod f`{ ag{/ B ~ct }agl chh ~w~ugomgm f{`l ag{

h`ì( hbig ~}c}wg~ ug}{bfbgm kr ag{ dg~}w{g/*

Aghgoc b~ o`t hrbod ò c n`wna9 B nòfbog lr~ghf ck`w}ag{/ B fggh ag{ ~`f} hbu~ c{`wom lbog( }ag vghvg} ~ibo `f ag{ fcngcdcbo~} lbog/ B o`}bngm }ac} ag{ grg~ tg{g l`lgo}c{bhr uòmg{bodck`w} ~`lg}abod/ Tg ib~~gm }`dg}ag{ c} ~`lg hgod}a( mw{bod }agk{bgf }blg }ac} }ag obda} ~}bhh n`whm `ffg{ w~/ ^`lgk`mr tg{gkgc}bod nabu~ cdcbo~} c dclg,k`c{m( `}ag{~ tg{g ~bluhr lcibodwu `{ jw~} }ghhbod ~}`{bg~ }` go}g{}cbo gcna `}ag{~/

Gvg{r}abod tgo} c kb} ~}{codg com cuc{} c{`wom w~ com fc{kgròm/Fbochhr( c} Mrhco$~ uhcng( tg }c~}gm ~tgg}~ com m{coi hbsw`{~(hb~}gogm }` }ag lw~bn com kw{ogm bongo~g/ C~ bf( ~wmmgohr( ~ag acmo`}bngm lg( c~ bf( jw~} c} }ac} l`lgo}( ~ag o`}bngm B tc~ c~bmg krag{( Aghgoc dcvg lg( fbochhr( ag{ acom/

U`{} @kch( Cu{bh( ;3 3215( 34 ul

C} }ag gom `f }ag { ~r dc{mgo B nco ~gg ag{ n`h`w{gm uboi

a`lg/ Uboi c~ }ag n`h`w{ `f {`~g~ bo ag{ dc{mgo/ ]ag tgc}ag{ b~


20/65

tg} com jw~} c khboi `f ~wo ~hbmbod ~a`t~ `ff k{bgfhr ~`lg nh`wm~/]ag d{ggo n`h`w{ `f }ag tbom`t~$ f{clg~ bo }ag a`w~g~ b~ }ag~clg d{ggo n`h`w{ `f }ag }{bllgm kw~ag~ bo }ag dc{mgo/ B}$~ cug{fgn} }blg f`{ dc{mgobod( }blg f`{ c nacodg bo }ag w{kco fh`{c/

Lgo {gv`hvg }ag lwmmr com ~`cigm lchh~( kgombod `vg{ }agb{}` h~ com `vg{ }ag d{`wom c~ }agr u{guc{g f`{ ucvbod `{hcom~ncubod/

Mbddbod( }agr {cb~g wu }agb{ a`g~ com ~a`vgh~ tac} lcig~}ag d{`wom vbk{c}bod ~go~bkhr/ H`ìbod c} ag{ a`lg( B ~}c{} }`n`luc{g }ag kh`t~ }ac} }ag lgo fb{g ò }ag fh``{ }` }ag òg }ac} b~ab}}bod fwhh bo lr agc{}/ Tb}a`w} k`}ag{bod ag{~ghf( c ~bodhgl`lgo}( ck`w} lr ~wffg{bod( }ac} mcr( ~ag d{gg}gm lg t{òd(~ag ~bluhr( l`vgm bo}` ~`lgòg gh~g$~ c{l~# âclghg~~hr( bo }agu{g~gong `f }a`~g ta` acm }g~}bfbgm `w{ fb{~} gqnacodg `f ib~~g~(

`w{ fb{~} acom( bo}g{}tbobod( kc{ghr gqub{gm }t` mcr~ ò `w{ fb{~}mc}g( com }ag{g ~ag b~ obkkhbod }ag hbu~ `f co`}ag{ fghh`t( abmbodk`}a kgabom }ag ~ngog{bg~ }ac} B acm lr~ghf t`{{bgm }` ucbo}#

âg ~}c{gm c} lg hbig }ag goglr mw{bod kc}}hg/ âg lcmglg mbg `f jgch`w~r# ]ac} obda} B ~hgu} kcmhr/ L`{obod ctìg lg~hgguhg~~/ B ~abvg{gm chh obda}/ B m{gclgm a`{{`{~( ctcigo/

B }{bgm c mbch`dwg `f {gc~ò~ tb}a lr {bvch/ B ~wddg~}gm tghg} ag{ gv`hvg kg}tggo w~ k`}a( a`tgvg{ ogb}ag{ lg `{ abldbvbod cor cnng~~ }` ag{ mg~b{g~/ Bo vcbo# Lr {bvch tc~ c~uc~~bòc}g c~ B tc~ com( bf }ag~g gub~`mg~ tg{g `nnw{{bod bo }ag

[`nclk`hg$~ mcr~( ng{}cbohr tg t`whm acvg kgc}go }`dg}ag{ bo }agùgo fbghm/ B ~ct ag{ c~ c t`lco aw{} bo ag{ mbdob}r }ac}( bo ccnng~~ `f u{bmg( f`{ acvbod kggo ~` gc~bhr go}codhgm kr lg(~wmmgohr cod{r tb}a ag{~ghf( acm uh`} }ac} lb~ go ~ngog bo `{mg{r` m`dg ag{ ug{~b~}go} h`vg{~/ Ug{acu~( c~ tghh( }` }g~} lr h`vg `{

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c }goob~ }ckhg/ ]agr k`}a tg{g ~gc}gm( nh ~bod gcna `}ag{(tab~ug{bod ///

B go}g{gm }ag {``l h`ìbod f`{ c k`ì }ac} B hgf} c~}{cr bo}ag {gagc{~bod nòfw~bò/ B c~igm }agl bf }agr$m o`} ~ggo }ag k`ìtago }agr nclg ~b}}bod }ag{g/ Bo }ac} ~clg lbow}g( f{`l }agb{l`w}a~ kgdco }` ~`{} `w} m`zgo~( awom{gm~( `f ~lchh tab}g ubod,uòd kchh~ jwlubod cn{`~~ }ag {``l$~ fh``{ d{gtbod ò lg(n{gc}bod tab}g tcvg~ c{`wom lg( tb}a ghc~}bn n{g~} gffgn}~/ B$m }àw{{bgmhr hgcvg }ag {``l/ Bo {g}w{o B tc~ kgbod nac~gm kr ~`lg `f}ag ~lchh kchh~ }ac} tg{g bluhbgm }agl~ghvg~ }a{`wda }ag m``{$~

n{cni~ }ac} B igu} swbnihr ~aw}}bod kgabom lg( ò lr }cbh/


21/65

@ong( B hb~}gogm }` c ubcob~} u`w{bod c kcd `f ubod,uòdkchh~ bo~bmg ab~ d{com ubco` c~ ag tc~ kgdboobod ab~ nòng{}/Womg{ }ag cn}bò `f }ag ubco`$~ acllg{~( }ag kchh~ jwlugm gvg{r}blg ag ug{f`{lgm lw~bnch uc~~cdg~( ~`lg `f }agl ~obubod `w}

}ag ubco` m`to }ag ~}cb{~ `f }ag ~}cdg( {woobod }`tc{m~ }agcwmbgong c~ b} tgo} kgbod ~lc~agm kr }ag cwmbgong$~ ~a`g~/Nw{b`w~hr( }ag ~`wom~ }ac} m{ùugm `ff( lwffhgm womg{ }ag ~a`g~$~`hg~( tg{g u{`vbmgm kr }ag ubcob~}( tg{g co gffgn}bvg uc{}`f }aglw~bnch ubgng/

*

B tc~ }t` ~}gu~ ctcr f{`l Aghgoc$~ a`lg/ Ogvg{ acvbodkggo }ag{g( B blcdbogm }ag kwbhmbod$~ bo}g{b`{/ C ~lchh {``l c} }ag

go}{cong/ Uc~~bod }ag {``l( kgm{``l~( kc}a{``l( ib}nago/B blcdbog ag{ n`lbod `w} `f }ag ~a`tg{( m{rbod ag{~ghf

tb}a c }`tgh/Ogq}( ~ag tchi~ cn{`~~ }ag achh( t{cuugm bo ag{ kc}abod }`tgh/Ag{ acb{$~ ~}bhh tg}( l`whmbod ag{ ogni( dbvbod ag{ c ~gmwn}bvg}òg/ âg go}g{~ ag{ {``l tag{g ~ag ~}c{}~ }` m{r ag{ acb{(m{g~~bod ò ag{ ~`lg dc{lgo}~( lcibod wu ag{~ghf/

***

32 ul

]ag blcdg `f c kwbhmbod mw{bod b}~ nò~}{wn}bò( b~~`lg}abod }ac} w~wchhr k{bod~ lg c }g{{bkhg blu{g~~bò( c~ c~ighg}ò `f c awlco k`mr `{ co coblch/ H`ìbod c} }ag ~}{wn}w{g`f c kwbhmbod mw{bod nò~}{wn}bò( nòn{g}g ubhhc{~ hboigm kr }abni~}ggh nckhg~( hbig u`tg{fwh c{l`w{~ n{`~~bod `vg{ gcna `}ag{(u`w{bod `w}( {woobod `vg{ c{`wom }ag ngbhbod,hg~~ kwbhmbod( o`n`c}bod( {b~bod wu }` }ag ~ir c~ co conbgo} Kckgh }`tg{/ ]a{`wda}ag tchh~( {gn}codhg~( vgo} tbom`t~ tag{g fw}w{g {g~bmgo}~ tbhh

kgom `vg{ com m{gcl `f m{gcl~ }ac} c{g w~wchhr m{gcl} bo ogthrnò~}{wn}gm kwbhmbod~/

^`( lr~ghf( B m{gclgm com B mg~bdogm lr a`lg bo }agFw}w{g: òg kc~bn {``l( òg ~bodhg hc{dg {``l( lcmg wuò c~uag{g ~uhb} bo}` }a{gg u{ù`{}bòch uc{}~ kr a`{bzò}ch uhcog~/

]ago( }cibod }ag }t` wuug{ uc{}~ `f }ab~ ~uag{g( jw~} uhcng b} ò}`}ag d{`wom/ ]ag~g }t` }ab{m~ `f c ~uag{g uhcngm c~ ~` ò}` }agd{`wom c{g o`t mbvbmgm kr }{bcodwhc{ wob}~ ~}{òdhr nòogn}gm }`gcna `}ag{ ò }ag ~uag{g$~ ~w{fcng/

Fbochhr( r`w acvg c kc~bn gq}g{och ~acug nchhgm $dg`mg~bn

m`lg$( ~` c dg`mg~bn a`lg# Ck~`hw}ghr fco}c~}bn#


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C m{gcl chl`~} blu`~~bkhg }` ug{f`{l( }ag a`lg `f `w{m{gcl~///

***

B}~ Tgmog~mcr cf}g{o`ò( tago nhg{i~ c{g {gchhr kw~r c}

t`{i com t`{i l`{g gffbnbgo}hr òng }agr acvg lcor }abod~~`hvgm com c~ lcor c~ }` kg ~`hvgm/ B}$~ hbig }ag tggi$~ o`ò( }aglbmhg `f }ag tggi/

Lbmu`bo} `f gvgolgo}~ com uago`lgoc bo dgog{ch b~ cn{b}bnch u`bo} kr }ag bo~}ckbhb}r b} n{gc}g~/ ]ag tgbda} `f gvgo}~( c~c ~wo( {b~g~ bo }ag ~ir( dg}~ d{gc}g{( }ago cf}g{( kgdboobod }`mgnhbog( fchhbod bo }ag a`{bzò( uc~~bod }ag lbmu`bo} `f c uc}a ò c~ucng,}blg nw{vg/ Gvg{r ug{~ò( gvg{r uhco}( gvg{r coblch( gvg{r

}abod( gvg{r kgbod( b~ òg `f }a`~g uh`}~/Bo l`mg{o mcr~( tggi kr tggi gvgo}~( l`~} `f }ag }blg~(

gom wu bo c kg}}g{ `{ t`{~g tggigom tabna nco kg c k`{bod `{gqnb}bod tggigom/

Bo k`}a nc~g~( f`hi~ gnngo}{bnchhr gqnhcbl: tac} c kh``mrtggigom#

***32/>5 ul

Tago B tc~ c k`r B w~gm }` kg c}}{cn}gm kr hc{dg ~n{ggol`vbg~/

B tc~ ~gmwngm kr hòd l`vbg }{cni~ tabna blug{~òc}g~hcvg{r ab~}`{bnch }blg~/ Vbc ~n{ggo B n`whm ~gg uc~~bod gomhg~~{`t~ `f ~hcvg~/ Khcni ugùhg com Jgt~ tg{g }ag l`~} awlco }rug~w~gm f`{ ~wna uw{u`~g~ kr l`vbg lcig{~/ Mw{bod }ab~ gu`na `f lrhbfg( B rg} mbmo$} io`t tac} tc~ }ag lgcobod `f }ag t`{m

u{`hg}c{bc}/ Hc}g{ B hgc{ogm }ac} }ag }g{lu{`hg}c{bco {gfg{~ }` lgo`f owlg{`w~ `ff~u{bod/

]ab~ tc~ }ag Hc}bo nhc~~bnch nòngu} `f }ag t`{m/ Gvg{

~bong }ag Bomw~}{bch [gv`hw}bò com ~}bhh mw{bod Vbn}`{bco }blg~( }agt`{m ck`vg tc~ w~gm }` mg~bdoc}g cor gluh`rgg tb}a c h`w~r~chc{r( c~ uc{} `f }ag ncub}chb~} u{`mwn}bò ~r~}gl/ Ch}a`wda( }a`~gta` n`whm dg} abdag{ ~chc{bg~( ogvg{}aghg~~ kgbod c~ tghhgluh`rgg~ }` ~`lg gluh`rg{( {gngbvgm }ag mg~bdoc}bò `f HwugoU{`hg}c{bco/

]ab~ ~r~}gl ùg{c}g~ bo }ag tcr `f u{`mwn}bò `f d``m~ bodgog{ch( ~bong ~hcvg{r com fgwmchb~l }` nò}glu`{c{r ncub}chb~l(acvbod ~cbhgm wu bo n`llwob~} {gdblg~( jw~} o`} cmcu}bod ~` tghhbo coc{nab~}~ òg~( tabna( kg~bmg~( }ag~g hc~} òg~ ogvg{ }`ì

`vg{ bo cor n`wo}{r c} chh/ A`tgvg{( }ag hboi~ nòogn}gm }` }ag~g


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bmg h`dbnch }gomgonbg~ nco kg lcor com lbqgm: Coc{nar,^rombnchb~l( Lc{qb~l,Hgobob~l( Lc`b~l( ^}chbob~l( gvgo Oczb~l`{ ]g{{`{b~l bf o`} [cmbnchb~l( Vcodwc{mb~l( com Nacwvbob~l( jw~}}` nb}g ~`lg `f l`~} io`to ///

C~ coròg nco ~gg }ag{g b~ c dgog{ch }gomgonr }` }ag b~l/B~l b~ c ~gb~l/

*1 ul

B}$~ c{`wom 1 ul/ B }w{o ò lr ]ghhr/ ]AG,HCFF,C,KB]^###]ag{g }agr d`( {cnbod ò c kbnrnhg( l`wo}gm ò c }{gkhg ~b}

kbig( nc{{rbod c hgcmg{# ]agr n{`~~ ~}{gg}~( ugmchhbod cagcm `fnc{~( c{{bvbod }` c a`w~g/ ]ag{g }agr c{g acodbod hc{dg ucbo}bod~ò c ~b}}bod {``l$~ tchh~( w~bod }ag }ag hcmmg{( ucbo}bod m``{~(

uc~}bod tchh ucug{/ ]ag hcmmg{$~ l`vbod n{czr( ogvg{ ~}ù~lcibod ~`lg{~cwh}~/

Tac} c kbd lwnig{# Nacodg `f $}glu`$ bo lw~bn/^hcuubod òg gcna `}ag{~ com `}ag{ f`hi~ bo }ag {``l( }ag

a`~}~ godcdbod }agl~ghvg~ c~ tghh /// }ag mgn`{c}`{~ acvbod lg}}ag a`w~g$~ Hcomh`{m( io`ni abl m`to com fhgg tb}a ab~ tbfg ò}ag kbig#

Tac} c fwoor l`vbg#

*

] ~cr( }ag ]agc}{g }{`ù tbhh ~a`t wu ò ~}cdg tb}a o`fboch {gagc{~ch/ ]ag ta`hg cf}g{o`ò tc~ `nnwubgm bo }{co~u`{}bod}ag fw{ob}w{g com c{{codglgo} `f ~}cdg/ Kw}( lcor `f }ag~g u{ù~, ~`lg `f }agl tb}abo }ag mn`{ }` dbvg }ag ogng~~c{r }{co~b}bòf{`l uhcr }` uhcr( ~`( c~ }` lcig }ag nacodg~ l`{g gffgn}bvg , tbhhkg {guhcngm kr `}ag{~ }ac} tg{g hc}ghr swbnihr blu{ vb~gm/[`mg{bn( }ag mb{gn}`{( tchi~ ò c }{gcmlbhh( d`bod wu com m`to }ag~}cdg( ~a`w}bod `{mg{~( l`mbfrbod gc{hbg{ mgnb~bò~( ~`hvbod tb}anhgvg{ com bo~}co} l`vg~ ~`lg `f }ag ~ngog uc~} u{`khgl~/

B {g}w{ogm a`lg f`{ mboog{/ B$l tchibod kr }ag ~}{gg}~ bo}`to/ C} a`lg( lr l`}ag{ u{guc{g~ mboog{/ B iggu acvbod c~cmmgogm agc{} com ~`lg mb~n`w{cdglgo} `f lr~ghf/ Ogtlgl`{bg~ bovcmg lr }a`wda}~ ///

Mg~b{bod ~`lg f{ggm`l com wonòng{o( }` ~}gu ò ~}cdgc} gc~g( ò }ag `}ag{ acom( B cl glkc{{c~~gm kr }ab~ ac{m fgghbod`f lb~~bod Aghgoc/

2 ul

C} }ag ~g}}hgm }blg( tb}a fwhh cwmbgong( o`} rg} tb}a }ag


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~}cdg nw{}cbo tb}am{cto( `hm Bvco$~ nac{cn}g{( cuugc{gm ò }aguhc}f`{l mgnhc{bod ab~ bo}go}bò( `{( l`{g u{gnb~ghr( ab~ tbfg$~bo}go}bò `f( n`lbod wu c} ~ngog }` }chi ck`w} }ag lchgfbngong `f}`kcnn`( ~`( }agac{lhg~~ `f }`kcnn`/ ]ag u``{ lco( ta` bomggm

tc~ tgc{bod }c}}g{gm ch od }ag hc~} }ab{}r rgc{~( !~bong ab~lc{{bcdg l`{g u{gnb~ghr"( t`whm gvgo}wchhr }cig `ff( cod{bhr( ab~

jcnig}( }a{`tbod b} }` }ag fh``{ com n{w~abod b} tb}a ab~ fgg}( cf}g{lcibod }ag l`~} f``hb~a nòfbmgong~ ck`w} ab~ hbfg( com ch~`( bo ctcr( `f ab~ fbgom~$ hbvg~( `f ab~ tbfg$~ hbfg( gvgo}wchhr gvgo ck`w}}ag cwmbgong( ta` tg{g hb~}gobod }` abl tb}a c oò kghbgvbod~lbhg ò }agb{ fcng~ com c~ tghh hcwdabod c} }ag lco$~ fwoor~uggna/

C~ ~`( ag {gn`vg{gm ab~ n`c} f{`l }ag fh``{( òng ab~ tbfgtc~ tc}nabod abl f{`l }ag m{g~~bod {``l/ Bo c fboch cuugch }` }ag

cwmbgong( ag c~igm }agl o`} }` n`lu{`lb~g abl wuò ab~ tbfgta` ~}bhh n`whm lcig abl uc~~ `}ag{ ~}{ odg{ lc{}r{m`l~/ @fn`w{~g( abl~ghf( ta` acm o`} c ~uc{gm ~bodhg ugoor bo ab~ u`nig}(ugoobhg~~ ag tc~( com( o`} gvgo h`tg{bod }go ngo}~ ò }agk{`naw{g~$ u{bng( cmvg{}b~bod ab~ tbfg$~ ~na``h( acmo$} kggo ckhg }`~ghh c} hgc~} òg ~bodhg òg `f }agl/

]ag{gf`{g( }ag u``{ lco dcvg wu( nò}bowbod ò ~}cdgcf}g{ }chibod ck`w} gvg{r}abod kw} o`} ck`w} tac} ag bo}gomgm }`}chi bo }ag fb{~} uhcng: }ag Ac{lhg~~ `f ]`kcnn`/

Kw} tg{g o`}( u{gnb~ghr }a`~g( ~wna lchgfbngong~ 0#

@}ag{ nac{cn}g{~( o`} hg~~ blu`{}co} com mb~}w{kbod(~a`tgm wu ò ~}cdg/ ]ag l`~} blu{g~~bvg( ng{}cbohr }ag l`~}}g{{bfrbod( tc~ }ag Mc{i Codgh `f Mgc}a/

C mc{i codgh tgc{bod c mc{i {`kg( hòd }` ab~ fgg}(go}`w{gm bo co cw{c `f cdòr( c u{glòb}bò `f mgc}a/ ]agMgc}a$~ lg~~codg{# Mgc}a tb}a o` Aùg/

Tac} ck`w} }ag Lcmlco$~ uhcr0]ag Lcmlco b~ }ag lco ta` m`g~ o`} tco} }` kg

nòfw~gm tb}a ab~ lcmog~~ com Lcmog~~ b~ tac} b~ kgròmòg~ghf bo mcr kr mcr hbfg( ò }ag ~bmghbog~ `f lgl`{r( bo `w{f{w~}{c}gm }a`wda}~/ ]ag Lcmlco ~cr~ b} b~ blu`~~bkhg }` hbvg c hbfgbo c t`{hm tag{g ag ac~ }` cmlb} abl~ghf kgbod c mg~ngomco} `f ckgc~} }ag u{blc}g ~ugnbg~ `f co}a{ù h`dr k`ì~ com(~blwh}cog`w~hr( fgghbod ckhg }` wud{cmg ab~ }a`wda}~ }` }agabdag~} uabh`~ùabnch lw~bod~#

Bo fcn}( }ag gv`hw}bò dcu }ac} ~guc{c}g~ lco f{`l ab~lcncswg n`w~bo( cug,hbig co}a{ù`h`dbnch f`{l( b~ ~`lg}abod }ac}b} b~ ac{m f`{ }ag Lcmlco }` kghbgvg bo ~wna c~ }ag Gv`hw}bò f

ûgnbg~ com c~ tghh }ag ]ag`{r `f Lw}c}bò~( com( `f n`w{~g( gvgo


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l`{g( bo [ghbdbò#^` }ag ]g{{`{b~} Lcmlco m`g~ o`} womg{~}com hbfg com

m`g~ o`} womg{~}com }a`~g ta` u{g}go}b`w~hr ~cr }agrwomg{~}com/ ]ag{gf`{g ag tco}~ }` mgor Hbfg#

Ag tbhh d` tb}a ab~ bodgob`w~ mgvbng }` {czg kwbhmbod~ comogbdak`w{a``m~( nb}bg~ com wobvg{~g~ bo dgog{ch( {gmwnbodgvg{r}abod }` mw~}( n`~lbn mw~} ///

Com lcoibom lw~} kg jw~} d{c}gfwh }` }ag ]g{{`{b~}#

Lbmobda}/

Mgc}a tc~ }aw~ }ag ngo}{ch }aglg `f }ag~guhcr~/ B o`}bng}ac} ]agc}{g b~ hbfg hbig/ Gc~bg{ }` hbvg }aco }` womg{~}com/ ]`mcr}ag f``}hbda}~ ò ~}cdg com kcni~}cdg c{g ~bhgo}/ @o }ag ~}cdg

}ag{g b~ jw~} gna` `f }{wng( co gna` `f }ag cwmbgong$~ cuuhcw~g/â`t ac~ gomgm kw} o`} Hbfg/Hbig gvg{ròg gh~g( Aghgo( tbhh kg kcni tago }ag l`{obod ~abog~/

///////////////////

Rco` fbob~agm }ag {gcmbod ibom `f l`{g ~hggur/ Ag tc~ jw~}rctobod tago J`{ jwlugm wu com ~a`} Db tb}a co gk`ì(nachhgodbod abl }` c ogt dclg/ C~ Rco` tc~ ~}bhh hgcobod ò }agnacb{( }agr hgf} }ag {``l/

Rco` tc~ ck~`{kgm( c~ bo c ~}c}g `f lgmb}c}bò$~ gombod9{gn`vg{bod c hb}}hg `f ab~ `w}g{ nò~nb`w~og~~( ag kgdco òng l`{g}` {glglkg{ }ag gon`wo}g{ ag acm acm tb}a }ag Lcow~n{bu},Awo}g{,Lg{ngoc{r,[g~gc{nag{ ! LAL[ "( cf}g{ }ab~ òg c{{bvgmf{`l ab~ vb~b}c}bò }` Uhcog} Khwg/

Cnn`{mbod }` tac} Rco` tc~ ctc{g f`hh`tbod ab~ f{bgom$~LAL[$~ }g~}blòr }ag woio`to C{}b~} cf}g{ }ab~ gqug{bgong bo~wna c fbghm `f C{}~ com c~ }ag ]agc}{g d{`wu acm kggo womòg krbo}{bdwg~ }ag{g}` kr c lco obnioclgm Mb{}r [cr( }ag C{}b~} }{bgmcdcbo( c ogt fbghm `f c{}b~}bn cn}bò( bo tabna ag ch{gcmr acm ~`lg

gqug{bgong/ ^bong ab~ cm`hg~ngong ag acm kggo mgv`}gm }` ~bodbodcom k`mr gqu{g~~b o/ ]ab~ }{cbobod ~g{vgm abl c~ c kc~b~ f`{ kgboduc{} `f c Kcom( ibom `f Dc{cdg [`ni & [`hh Kcom( `f}go nchhgmGo~glkhg/ U{gvb`w~ gqug{bgong dcvg abl }ag ogng~~c{r ~}clboc/Bo c nb}r ogc{ ab~ oc}bvg }`to( ag j`bogm c h`nch d{`wu `f lw~bnbco~bo hcni `f c hgcm v`nch~/ Ag hgf} ab~ }`to cnn`lucobgm krm{wllg{ Lgib}w~ com `{dcob~} Vcocmbw~/ ]a{gg {gag{~ch~ tg{guhcoogm/ Ag hgc{ogm ck`w} }ag {gug{}`b{g bo tabna ag bonhwmgm~`lg `f ab~ `to owlkg{~/ ]ag {gag{~ch~ {co f`{ }ag kg~} kw} agacm }` n`{{gn} }ag f`{l com ~}rhg bo tabna }ag ~òd~ ~a`whm kg

uhcrgm bo `{mg{ }` cmcu}gm }` ab~ ug{~òch tcr `f bo}g{u{g}bod }ag


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~òd~/ O`} gvg{r}abod( a`tgvg{( tgo} ~` tghh( kgncw~g( ò fb{~}}{bu( }ag kcom( oclgm Ogt Mblgo~bò( acm c nc{ cnnbmgo} }ac}ogc{hr wombm chh gswbulgo}/ ]ab~ mbm o`} mb~n`w{cdg }ag kcom f{`lnò}bowbod com kr gvg{r }`to }agr uc~~gm }a{ wda( ag{g com

}ag{g( cn{ ~~ }ag n`wo}{r( }agr ug{f`{lgm }agb{ Nòng{}/ ]ab~C{}b~}$~ kg~} ug{f`{lcong~ {gfg{ }` ~`lg u{`l~ com ~`lg `w}m``{uc{}bg~/ ]agr tgo} }a{`wda chh }ag uhcng~ tag{g }agr n`whm dg}ucbm kg~} ncnag}~/ ]agr lcmg }agl~ghvg~ cnn`lucobgm kr }agb{db{hf{bgom~ com }ag~g }{cvgh~ tg{g ~lchh gq`mw~ }ac} bonhwmgm~gvg{ch nc{~ com }ag }{wni tb}a }ag gswbulgo} com }ag nc{{bg{~/

]agr {``lfwh a`}gh~ c} }ag uhcng~ vb~b}gm( com tb}a h`cm~ `fdwg~}~( }agr ~c} c} gomhg~~ {g~}cw{co}~ }ckhg~ tag{g }agr }`ìlgch~/ @og gvgobod( ~wuu`{}bod c d{`wu `f l`~} fcl`w~lw~bnbco~( b} acuugogm }ac} bo }ag agrmcr `f {ar}al( ab~ tc}na

k{gci }ag ~}{cu com tc~ h`~} bo }ag w~wch nòfw~bò `f tb{g~ comugmch~ c{`wom }ag ~}cdg/ ^}crbod bo ~gc{na `f ab~ tc}na gq}bon}}ag cuuhcw~g com lw~bnbco~ `f ab~ `to kcom kgbod {guhcngm krlw~bnbco~ `f ~wuu`{}gm kcom( c~ }ag~g hc~} òg~ tg{g }wobod }agb{bo~}{wlgo}~ ag ~a`w}gm c} }agl( }{rbod }` lcig abl~ghfwomg{~}``m com u`bo}bod }` ab~ t{b~}/ Ogtn`lg{~ lw~bnbco~ n`whmo`} agc{ com kc{ghr ~ggo }ag dg~}w{g ag lcmg( ~` t`{{bgm }agrtg{g }wobod }agb{ bo~}{wlgo}~( kw} bo }ag cwmbgong( gq}{glghrc}}go}bvg }` tac} tgo} ò ~}cdg( ~`ò kgdco {woobod }ag {wl`w{a`t }ag ag{` `f }ag uc{}r gquhcbogm }` ab~ {bvch~( }ag {bda} u`~b}bò

`f ab~ c{l tag{g ag lcmg }ag fbqkgf`{g ~}guubod ò ~}cdg ///

Ab~ kcom com }ag lw~bnbco~ f{gswgo}gm obda}nhwk~ tag{g}agr n`whm fbom chh }ag }blg d``m l``m hcmg}}g~ ///

]agr w~g }` {gagc{~g f`{ }ag kg~}/ Mw{bod Nc{obvch ~gc~ò}agr acm o` {g~}/ ]agr uhcrgm mcr com obda} ò gom/ Ag tc~~}{òd go`wda }` ogvg{ k{gcim`to ab~ v`bng/ Chh `}ag{~ t`whm dg}cuaòbn kw} `kvb`w~hr l`{g ~` kr m{boibod }aco kr ~bodbod/ Agaghm fb{lhr }` ab~ }a{`c} $lcmg `f ~bhvg{$ }acoi~ }` co blugnnckhgv`bng nò}{`h com c ~lchh ~wb}nc~g tb}a lbhm lgmbnc}bò~ }ac}

chtcr~ cnn`lucobgm abl/ @og mcr ag f`wom abl~ghf bhh/ Bo k`}ak{gc}abod u`hhw}gm cb{ f{`l nòng{} achh~ com kchh {``l~( ag f`womabl~ghf ~glb,bo}`qbnc}gm/ ]ag lc}}g{ tc~ o`} }` mg~ub~g(g~ugnbchhr bo ab~ nc~g( kgncw~g ag acm }` k{gc}a tabhg ~bodbod(l`{g bo mgu}a botc{m~ }aco cor `}ag{ kcom$~ lw~bnbco~/

Ag {g~`{}gm }` c d``m ~ugnbchb~} ta` }{gc}gm abl k`}af{`l co c{}a{b}b~ com ogw{b}b~# O`} blu{`vbod c~ gqugn}gm( agmgnbmgm c nacodg `f tbom~( k`wda} abl~ghf c uhcog }bnig} com fhgt}` K{czbh( c n`wo}{r f{`l }ag ~clg k{`}ag{a``m `f ab~ `to/

]ag fbhg }ac} Rco` acm o`t c} acom , com acvbod o`}abod


27/65


28/65

cdgonr( h`nc}gm c} Nboghcombc( fcbhbod( a`tgvg{( }` d` fw{}ag{ }aco}ag Nc{b`nc ^swc{g( tag{g c n{`tm acm dc}ag{gm( tc}nabod }agfb{~} fh``{~ `f }ag ~ir~n{cug{~/ B }a`wda} c ~wbnbmg k`lkg{ ~go}abl~ghf m`to f{`l }ag {``f}ù `f c ~ir~n{cug{( kw}( bomggm( tac}

tc~ acuugobod tc~ bo fcn} co ò d`bod c{lgm {`kkg{r }` c Kcoi/Fbvg lgo( }t` khcnibg~ com }a{gg tab}gr dwr~ tg{g bo

{g}{gc} tb}a c lbhhbò nc~a bo }agb{ kcd~( tago U`hbng bo}g{ngu}gm}agl/ Nò}{c{r }` uhco~( ~`lgòg acm cn}bvc}gm }ag chc{l tabnachg{}~ }ag h`nch U`hbng ^}c}bò/ C~ }ag n{`tm tc}nagm( U`hbng tc~f`{nbod }` dg} bo}` }ag u`hbng nc{( }a{gg `f }ag lgo ch{gcmr ~a`} kru`hbng kwhhg}~(! òg `f }agl chl`~} mrbod "( tago c dwofbda} k{ìg`w} cdcbo( }ab~ }blg cdcbo~} bov`hvbod }ag `}ag{ }t` kcomb}~ ta`mghcrgm bo~bmg }ag kwbhmbod c~ }agr kgnclg go}{gonagm ///

C ug}b}g r`wod t`lco( tgc{bod c khcni m{g~~ com khcni

~comch~( {wni~cni bo }`t( ~}``m kg~bmg lg tc}nabod }ag gvgo}(`vg{ }ag ~a`whmg{~ `f chh }ac} ugùhg ò }ag ~}{gg}( tb}a ag{ ~lc{}o`~g wuhbf} }` }ag cb{( ag{ fcng achf abmmgo womg{ c f{bodg `f khcniacb{( com }`{o obng grg~/

]a`wda gvg{ròg mb~ug{~gm }a{ wda`w} }ag uhczc( ~` mbm B(com tgo} }` }ag kw~ ~}ù/

B hgf} }ag kw~ cf}g{ tcvbod bo }ag n`{{bm`{( }` {gcna }ag gqb}(}a{`wda co wow~wch g}aobn }w{l`bh/ C{{bvgm c} c ~swc{g `vg{fh`tokr c dbco} vbcmwn}( B hgcogm cdcbo~} òg `f }ag ubhhc{~/ B uw} }ag

lcu bo }ag {bda} u`~b}bò( ~` B n`whm( }ag{gf`{g( }` }{r }` h`nc}g }agmg~b{gm cvgowg/

C} }ac} l`lgo} }t` db{h~ glg{dbod f{`l kgabom }ag ubhhc{uc~~gm vg{r nh`~g }` lg( nac}}g{bod c ~}`{r }ac} tc~ lcibod }aglabhc{b`w~ }` }ag u`bo} }agr tg{g tchibod a`hmbod gcna `}ag{ ac{l~(o`} }`` dg} hù~bmgm/

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B nò~go}gm }` {ghgc~g ag{ f`{ c fgt a`w{~ ~` }ac} ~ag

n`whm mguc{} }` ag{ mg~b{gm tchi/ Ag{ bluc}bgong lcobfg~}gmck{wu}hr kw} ~ag u{`lb~gm lg }` lgg} hc}g{/ Lr }blg tc~ vg{r~a`{} }ac} l`{obod kgncw~g lr k{`}ag{ t`whm c{{bvg ~`ò(~gc{nabod f`{ ab~ igr~/ B ~c} c} co ùgo cb{ Kc{ n`wo}g{ com B tc~ctcb}bod f`{ abl tb}a`w} acvbod `{mg{gm oò c} chh/ L`{g`vg{( }agtcb}g{ c~ ag w~g }` ~gg lg ~a`tbod wu `f}go mw{bod }ag mcr mbmo$}mb~}w{k lg( tac} tc~ lcibod lg n`lf`{}ckhg/

Cf}g{ fbvg lbow}g~ `f lb~lc}nagm }a`wda}~ }a{ wda lragcm( lr k{`}ag{ nchhgm f`{ lg f{`l cn{`~~ }ag n`wo}g{/

, @ù~#

B ~}``m wu( tchigm }` lgg} abl( acombod abl }ag igr~/ Ag


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mbmo$} ~}cr hòdg{ bo lr n`lucor( com( c~ f`{ lg( B acm o`}abodhgf} }` m` gqngu} tcb}bod f`{ }ag K{czbhbco db{h/

Fbochhr( B `{mg{gm co bng }gc/ B tc~ ~buubod b}( com h`ìbod c}lr tc}na/ Fbf}ggo lbow}g~( achf a`w{( ~ag mbm o`} rg} c{{bvg/

Dbvbod wu }` tcb} f`{ ag{ B tchigm cdcbo }` }ag kw~ ~}ù/B tc~ tcb}bod bo }ag swgwg( h`ìbod c} c u`hbnglco com c

fgt `}ag{ {w~}bn òg~( }ac} }ag swgwg tc~ n`lu`~gm `f/Cdcbo( h`~} bo lr }a`wda}~ tgk( ! chh }ag }blg uguug{gm

tb}a l`~} nò}{cmbn}`{r blcdg~ "( B tc~ ctcigogm kr }ag ~`f}v`bng `f ~`lg }chh db{h tgc{bod c khòmg tbd( ta` tòmg{gm bf }ac}tc~ }ag kw~ }` Jcnc{gucdwc/

]ac}$~ {bda}( }ac}$~ }ag òg#( B ~}cllg{gm bo lr ~ar cnngo}/Lgcotabhg( }ag vgabnhg$~ m``{ ùgogm com uc~~godg{~

kgdco }` tchi bo/ B tchigm bo }``( f`hh`tgm kr }ag khòmg db{h ta`

~c} ò }ag kgona {bda} ogq} }` lbog/B c~igm ag{ bf ~ag tc~ ch~` }{cvghhbod }` Cobh( co g~}c}g bo

}ag ogbdak`w{a``m/, Rg~ B cl/ R`w }``0âg ~}c{}gm {gghbod `ff c hb}cor `f }{`wkhg~ ~blbhc{ }` }a`~g

B acm agc{m kgf`{g f{`l }ag l`w}a `f ]/

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@og l`{g {cbor cf}g{o`ò/B} tc~ kr gvgobod( B tc~ c} lr k{`}ag{$~ fhc}( ~hggubod òg

`f lr kg~} ~hggu/ C{`wom fbvg bo }ag l`{obod( achf ctcig( achfc~hggu( B tc~ {bmbod hbig c ~gg,~ct cn{`~~ }ag {``l/ B m{coi tc}g{com tgo} }` hbg m`to cdcbo/ B ~coi bo}` c {g~}hg~~ ~hggu(nac{cn}g{bzgm kr co cmvgo}w{`w~ m{gcl bo tabna U`hbng tc~h`ìbod f`{ c dwr ta` acm ~a`} c dwo }` }ag cb{( kr ~w{u{b~g( bo }aglbmmhg `f c ~}{gg}/ ]ab~ dwr tc~ uc{} `f c d{`wu tag{g B mbm lr~ghfbov`hvg( bo c tcr }ac} B( ch~`( tc~ òg `f }ag ~w~ugn}~/ B {glglkg{f`{ }ag {g~} `f }ag m{gcl( tg }{bgm }` kwbhm c ibom `f t``mgo k`q

tag{g tg n`bhgm ~`lg tb{g~ }ac} nòogn}gm vc{b`w~ ~ùab~}bnc}gmcuuhbcong~( ~wuu`~gmhr bo}gomgm }` ghwmg }ag U`hbng/

B tìg ~wmmgohr wu( }ag uaòg tc~ {bodbod/ B co~tg{gm(~`lgòg c~igm f`{ lr k{`}ag{/ B co~tg{gm kcni lr k{`}ag{ acmo`} rg} c{{bvgm( acod `ff com }w{ogm }` fchh c~hggu/

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F`hh`tgm ag{ c} }ag kwbhmbod$~ gqb}/ Tgo} cagcm( uc~~gm ag{ com


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c~igm ag{ bf ~ag ch~` tc~ hbvbod bo }ag }go}a fh``{/ B m` o`} hbvg }agb{ cor l`{g( ~ag {g~uòmgm abmbod ag{ fcngkg}tggo }ag ~}{com~ `f ag{ h``~g acb{/ O`t B$l hbvbod tb}a cf{bgom `f lbog bo c {``l bo c ~ac{gm a`w~g/ Lr f{bgom f`wom

}ag{g c uhcng f`{ k`}a `f w~/, ]ac}$~ fco}c~}bn#( B ~cbm/Tg igu} }chibod/B hgc{ogm ~ag t`whm tcb} wo}bh ag{ k`rf{bgom ~a`tgm wu/C~ ~ag acm hgf} bo ag{ f`{lg{ fhc}( ò }go}a fh``{( ~gvg{ch

~}wff }ac} ~ag tc~ ck`w} }` {gn`vg{ hc}g{( tg c{{codgm }` lgg} }agogq} mcr/

, ]ago r`w n`whm n`lg wu }` lr fhc} c{`wom 1 ul}`l`{{`t , B mc{g }` ~cr/

, ]` m` tac}0( ~ag ~wmmgohr c~igm/

, Tghh( }` acvg c nac} com hb~}go }` }ag lw~bn( b~ }ac} {bda}f`{ r`w0( B u{ù`~gm

, @icr( B }aboi b}$~ ìcr , ~ag {guhbgm/, Fco}c~}bn# , B {gugc}gm , ]ago( }`l`{{`t( tg$hh ~gg gcna

`}ag{ , B cd{ggm/, @icr/ B$l d`bod o`t( d``mkrg, N``h/ Krg( krg/, Krg( krg/$Fco}c~}bn#$( B }a`wda} chòg( tabhg m{bf}bod ctcr/

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B {g~}c{}gm lr m{ctbod~ ck`w} ; ul/H`ìgm c} }ag ~uhggo ~ir$~ c{dr nh`wm~( }ag ~ir~n{cug{

mguh`rgm ò }ag nb}r$~ `hmg~} kwbhmbod~/ Bo }ag mb~}cong( }ag$l`{{`$ kgnclg wo{gch( chl`~} n`hm/ ]ag }{cffbn( chtcr~ fh`tbod(kgh`t( c{`wom }ag ~swc{g/ ]ag kw~ swgwbod chh }ag }blg d{`tbodkbddg{/ Lr k{`}ag{ c} ab~ t`{ikgona( c~~g~}~ }ag nab~gh ò }agd`hm c{`wom }ag jgtgh~/ Nw~}`lg{~( iggu c{{bvbod/ Gvg{r }blg }agm``{$~ kghh {bod~( B ~}c{}hg/ N`~}wlg{~ dg} nh`~g{( ~`lg ~crbod

uwo~( tabhg }agr ùgo {`wda hgc}ag{ uw{~g~ f{`l tabna }agr m{ct~lchh dgl~ `{ ~bluhg ubgng~ `f d`hm }` kg t`{igm/

^`lg nhbgo} `f lbog b~ ~gombod ag{ gc{{bod~ }` lcig c$swc{}bg{$ òg ~cr~/ Co`}ag{ nhbgo} b~ ~gombod c nclg` }` kg }{co~f`{lgm bo}` ck{``na( tac} r`w lcig `f b}0

Com ~` ò( mgugombod ò }ag u{gmbhgn}bò~ `f }ag nhbgo}~{gu{g~go}gm/ Lr k{`}ag{ f`nw~g~ ab~ gqug{bgongm ~bda}( }a{`wda clò`nhg( ò }ag ~lchh jgtgh~( {cb~g ~`lg `kjgn}bò~ ck`w} }agb{vchwg com }ag t`{i bov`hvgm( }ag u{bng }` kg nac{dgm( ~` lrk{`}ag{ b~ co c{}b~} c~ tghh/


31/65

^wmmgohr( gvg{ròg c{`wom b~ mb~nw~~bod( lcibod c {`t(gqch}bod( kw} chh bo c tcr o`} lgcobod }` `ffgom òg gcna `}ag{~(kgncw~g j`r b~( chh }ag }blg( u{g~go} bo }ag l``m `f }ab~ ugùhg/

Ab~ nw~}`lg{~ hgcvg( B iggu }{cnibod ò lr m{ctbod~/

Gvgobod b~ fchhbod( o`b~g~ }a{`wda`w} }ag nb}r c{g tbmgobod( }{cffbnkgdbo~ }` n{cth/ B}$~ nh`~g }` }ag {w~a a`w{/ Fb{~} hclu~ hbda} wu ò}ag ùu`~b}g ~bmg kwbhmbod~/ ]ag ogò~ ~}c{} fhc~abod com {g~wlbod}agb{ {guhcnglgo}~/ B} mbmo$} {cbo ~` fc{ kw} }ag{g$~ o` dwc{co}r}ac}( ~`ò( }ag ~ir tò$} kg ~}`{lbod cdcbo/

]glug{c}w{g iggu~ {b~bod/ ]ago( b} tbhh mgnhbog c hb}}hg kb}(kw} nb}bzgo~ tbhh nò}bowg }` ~tgc}/

B }aboi bf }ac} db{h tbhh ~a`t wu( bo fcn}/ Gvgo cf}g{ hòdu{ lb~gm com nòfb{lgm( fcnbod gcna `}ag{( com bo ~gvg{ch`nnc~b o~ }ag lgg}bod ~g}}hgm( lr m`wk}~ ug{~b~} wo}bh ~ag

cn}wchhr cuugc{~/]agr c{g f}go wong{}cbo( }ag~g db{h~ ///O`} }` mgor }agl~ghvg~( }agr na``~g }` hg} c dwr bo

gqugn}c}bò( {g}w{obod cf}g{ hòd a`w{~ `f tcb}bod f{`l ~g}}hglgo}(tb}a c }{cdbn gqnw~g/ ]agr chtcr~ gom wu n`lbod kcnibod bo cmg~ug{c}g com wogqugn}gm l``m/

[b` mg Jcogb{`( Na{b~}lc~ Gvg/

Mbod mòd kghh( mbod mòd kghh(

] bhg} {`hh b~ gombod wu/M`g~o$} aw{}( m`g~o$} aw{}(Ogt~ucug{ nco nhgco wu#

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ogq} }` lg( tòmg{bod ck`w} lr `{bdbo n`wo}{r/ Mgk`{cabo}{`mwng~ ag{ f{bgom,db{h~( Acooca( Lòbnc( [`~coc/ Ag{ f{bgom,k`r~: Tbhhbcl com M`lgobn`( }ab~ òg c $uc}{bnbco$/ Tg mbog comtago b~ ck`w} ghgvgo `$nh`ni( cf}g{ c hòd nac}( tg d`} bo }ag nc{~com tg }{cvgh }`( U`~}` @ozg( bo Nùcnckcoc( tag{g tg m{boi~`lg kgg{~/ Hc}g{( c} obda},nhwk [cona`( }ag{g b~ lw~bn ò }agmcong ~u`} com lw~bn ug{f`{lg{~ ò ~}cdg/

Bo òg `f }a`~g mcr~ B ~a`whm acvg lg} tb}a Lc{nw~ comab~ f{bgom~ bo c uc{}r/ M{wllg{~ tg{g uhcrbod chòd }ag ~}{gg} comtg{g uc~~bod kr tago }agr nchhgm f`{ lg }` j`bo }agl( bovb}bod lg

}` mcong }ag ~clkc/


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@o }ag ~bmgtchi( }t` k{wog}}g~ tg{g tchibod( òg `f }agl~crbod ~`lg t`{m~ }ac} B mbm o`} swb}g womg{~}``m( kw} }ac} tg{gng{}cbohr cmm{g~~gm }` lg( bo c tcr }ac} }ag ~gnòm db{h {gugc}gm}ag bo}go}bò `f }ag fb{~}:

, âg ~cbm r`w${g nw}g/B iogt }ac} }ab~ t`{m mgo`}gm ~`lgòg obng( nac{lbod(

com ~`ò {g}w{ogm }ag n`luhblgo}/ ]ago }agr tco}gm }` io`tl`{g ck`w} lg:

,Tag{g m` r`w d`0 ]` }ag D{gc} ^clkc Uhcng0B hbgm( ~crbod }ac} }ac} tc~ u{gnb~ghr lr bo}go}bò/ B

f`hh`tgm }ag db{h~/]ag m{wlkgc} bo}go~bfbgm b}~ghf/, N`lg ò( n`lg chòd tb}a w~#Tg go}g{gm bo ac{m mb{} gonh`~w{g tag{g `}ag{ ugùhg tc~

ch{gcmr dc}ag{bod f`{ }ag ~clkc/

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[b`( cf}g{ }ag [gvgbhhò( ogq} l`{obod ///

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fh``{/ B igu} ò {gcmbod }ag ~clg uc{cd{cua B ~}c{}gm }ag mcrkgf`{g:$$ ]ag ~lchh lco tgo} }` }ag Uhczc ~swc{g/ Bo b}~ ngo}{g }ag{g tc~c ~}c}wg( c iobda} a`b~}bod }ag fhcd/ B} tc~ kr gvgobod/ ]ag{g tg{gh`cm~ `f ugùhg c{`wom }ag ~}c}wg/ T`lgo( l`~} `f }agl ~gc}gm(mb~ug{~gm kr }ag Uhczc kgonag~( ~wna c~ ckcomògm/ Ag {glcbogm}ag{g ~}bhh( wo}bh ag cuu{`cnagm òg `f }agl/

A`t b~ b} dòoc kg0 , }ag hòghr lco c~igm }ag t`lco/âg ~cbm:, N``h/ C{g r`w ck`w}~0

] {ghbgvg }ag }go~bò ncw~gm kr }ag wow~wch ~bhgongc{`wom }agl( ag c~igm ag{ oclg/

Chh }ag }blg c oclg ~`wombod f`{gbdo tabna tc~ bonhwmgmtb}a ~`lg hg~~ w~gm nò~òco} bo }ac} Hc}bo`,Clg{bnco hcodwcdg(dbvbod ag{ oclg c ~tgg} com ~go~wch }òg/

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c ~wnig{( kgncw~g ag mbmo$} bo}gom }` ugog}{c}g ag{ bllgmbc}ghr/âg mbmo$} nò~go} cor ibom `f ib~~bod( jw~} d{ùgm ab~

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]ag blu`{}co} }abod o`t tc~ }` dg} abl `ff swbni( }` tac}~ag ~}c{}~ tcvbod ag{ k`mr bo co b{{g~b~}bkhg l`vglgo} `f abu~/ C~}go~bò {b~g~( ~ag iggu~ m`mdbod }ag gcdg{og~~ `f ab~ ib~~g~( }agk{gc}a `f ab~ l`w}a com iggu~ ag{ grg~ tbmg ùgo( }{rbod }` }aboi`f cor}abod kw} tac} ~ag tc~ m bod/ âg òhr tbhh acvg }`~blwhc}g `{dc~l tago ag{ uc{}og{ tbhh kg ck`w} }` gquh`mg /// ~agch~` h``~g~ ~lchh tghh fcigm ~swgch~ }ac} ~}blwhc}g~ abl mw{bod}ag n`w{~g `f }ag fw{r `f ab~ mb~nac{dg$$/

//////////////////////

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womwhc}bò/ Db{h~ tg{g mconbod ò }ag ~u`}mcong/ Rco` tgo} }` }agnc~a {gdb~}g{( ~lbhbod c} }ag nh`~g~} ~w{{`womg{~ u{guc{bod }` òngcdcbo {gfg{ }` }ag ùgobod kw}}ò( c~ Rco` lcmg }agl c ~bdobombnc}bod b} tc~ w~ghg~~ f`{ }agl kgbod u{g`nnwubgm tb}a abl/^gvg{ch lbhhbò acm kggo ubhgm ~bong }ag fb{~} {gvbgt/ ]ag k`q tc~fbhhgm }` `vg{fh`tbod# Tabhg acuur }` nò}gluhc}g b}( ag o`}bngm c~hbda} ch}g{nc}bò acm c{b~go cn{`~~ }ag kc{/ Ag h`ìgm wu com ~ctDb com J`{ mb~nw~~bod/ Tac} acm acuugogm tc~ }ac} }agr kg} chh~ro}ag}bn lgc} ~cw~cdg~ }ac} gqb~}gm bo }ag kc{ com `{mg{gm }agl}` c ~g{vco}/ J`{ acm ~cbm }ac} bf Db lcmg fwhh u{` f `f ab~

~}c}glgo}~ nòng{obod co g~`}g{bn ~wkjgn} lc}}g{ `f mb~nw~~bò(t`whm tbo chh }ag na`{bz`~/ ]ac} tc~ bu~`,fcn}` f`{ Db tago( kw}!c} }ag gom `f }ag mglò~}{c}bò {gswb{gm( Db fbob~abod ab~c{dwlgo}~ com J`{ uwhhbod `w} `f ab~ u`nig}~( }ag lòg}c{r mb~n~}` ucr f`{ }ag l`{~gh~"( Rco` bo}g{vgogm( d{ckkbod }ag ~ro}ag}bnlgc} {`hh~( f{`l }agb{ acom~( jw~}bfrbod ab~ c}}b}wmg tb}a }ag fcn}}ac} }ag $~lìg~$ acm dbvgo abl c h`} `f t`{i }` kg n`hhgn}gm `vg{}ag nh`~g~} dchcqbg~ c{`wom/ ]ag~g com `}ag{ ~glb,coc{nabnlcobfg~}c}bò~ f{`l ab~ f{bgom~ gqc~ug{c}gm abl ~` lwna }ac} agn`whm o`} a`hm wu lwna hòdg{ bo }ag kc{ com hbf} abl~ghf cdcbo( }`

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aglb~uag{g( ag mgmbnc}gm abl~ghf c~ co c{}b~} ucbo}g{( co cn}bvb}r}ac} ag bob}bc}gm bo }ag ]{ùbnch N`wo}{r/ Ab~ gc{hr ucbo}bod~ tg{gchl`~} chh kc~gm ò blcdbogm l`mgh~ com oc{{c}bvg~( ~` }ac} }ag`w}hbog~ com ~bha`wg}}g~ `f kgbod~ com `kjgn}~ tg{g w~wchhr khw{{r`{ mb~}`{}gm/ Acvbod( a`tgvg{( ~`lg }blg cf}g{ ab~ {g}w{o f{`lK{czbh( ag lg} c k`ra``m f{bgom( {g}w{ogm f{`l Aff{bic( ta`lmgmbnc}gm abl~ghf {gdwhc{hr }` ucbo}bod c~ tghh( ~`( `w{ C{}b~}kgdco }` f{gswgo} ab~ f{bgom$~ ~}wmb`/

]ab~ f{bgom `f ab~ tc~ c vg{r uc}bgo} com c vg{r n``hug{~ò ta` mbm o`} c}}gom ~`nbch nchh~ }` lwna ~bong ag tc~ swb}g

co bo}{`vg{}gm com ~ar fghh`t/ Ab~ l``m tc~ {gfhgn}gm bo ab~ucbo}bod~ `f n`~r c}l`~uag{g hbobod `w} ck~}{cn} `{ nwkb~}/ Bo }agkgdboobod( `w{ C{}b~} mbm o`} }cig d{gc} cmvco}cdg( kgncw~g fgtn`whm ag ubni f{`l ~wna c tcr `f ucbo}bod( ~` lwna cmvcongmcom ~ùab~}bnc}gm/ B} tc~ ogng~~c{r }ac} ab~ f{bgom }`hm abl ck`w}tac} Ucbo}bod tc~ ck`w} com o`} jw~} ~a`tobod abl tac}b} tc~/

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ucbo}bod t`{i( {c}ag{ }ago f{`l glu}r lr~}bfbnc}bò~ n`lbod f{`l}chgo}/ Mw{bod }ag f`hh`tbod rgc{~ `w{ C{}b~} ucbo}gm `vg{ cawom{gm ucbo}bod~ com tc~ ~a`to bo ~`lg gqabkb}bò~ oc}bòtbmg(b/g/( f{clbod( chòd~bmg ab~ l`{g mgq}g{`w~ nò}glu`{c{bg~/ B}tc~( cnn`{mbod }` }ag LAL[( }ag d{ wom~ `f C{} }ac}( bo }agf`hh`tbod rgc{~( ag acm }ag l`~} ~wnng~~/

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m{boi/ Rco` cmvb~gm }agl }` d` m`to }` }ag Kc{( òng cdcbo/ ]agrtg{g o`} tbhhbod }` d` kgncw~g }ag{g ~}bhh tg{g }ag k{bmg$~uc{go}~ tggubod tac} t`whm n`ll`}bò }agl }` lwna/

Bo~}gcm }agr tgo} }` }ag fhc}$~ ib}nago }` u{guc{g ~`lg~comtbnag~ com nclg kcni }` n{c~a }agl~ghvg~ m`to cdcbo( ò}ag a`} cb{ bofhc}gm ~`fc~/ â`{}hr cf}g{tc{m~ }agr fghh c~hggu/

Rco` tc~ }aboibod }ac}( lcr kg ~`lgmcr( ag$m bovg~}~`lg `f ab~ lbhhbò~ bo co Bo}g{dchcn}bn Uwkhbnc}b o `f }agLcow~n{bu}~( `{ gh~g( ~gombod b} }` c ~wug{,gmb}`{ bo ~`lg `}ag{Wobvg{~g }a{`wda`w} }ag N`~l`~/ Ch}g{oc}bvghr ag n`whm {gmghbvg{

b} }` }ag LAL[ ! Lcow~n{bu} Awo}g{ Lg{ngoc{r [g~gc{nag{ "( f`{}ab~ hc~} }` uwkhb~a bo co`}ag{ Dchcn}bn ^r~}gl/ Cf}g{ }a`~g}a`wda}~ ag kgdco }` n`luw}g{bzg c ~nagmwhg f`{ ùg{c}bod }agKc{ mw{bod ~gvg{ch lò}a~ cagcm( f`hh`tbod tac} ag tgo} }` ab~naclkg{~ com hgf} Db com J`{ m{gclbod }agb{ m{gcl~/ Ag ~}{bu `ffab~ ~ucng ~wb}( u{g~~gm c kw}}ò ò ab~ ghgn}{ obn k{cnghg}/@ugogm c ~lchh ncu ò }ù `f ab~ agcm( uw} ab~ u`bo}g{ bo~bmg comu{g~~gm c ~lchh kw}}ò bo `{mg{ }` iggu abl bomg}g{lboco}hrm`{lco}/ Nh`~gm }ag ncu( hgo} kcni com fghh c~hggu }``/

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Rco` ctìg kgf`{g }ag ~nagmwhgm }blg/ ]ab~ tc~ mwg }`}ag fcn} }ac} ab~ vbdbh ~go~`{~( tabna {glcbogm nòogn}gm tabhgag tc~ ~hggubod( tg{g chg{}gm kr }ag bo}go~g ~lìg }ac} tc~~u{gcmbod `vg{ }ag fhc}/ Rco` bllgmbc}ghr dwg~~gm }` kg ab~nh`~g~} f{bgom~( ta` tg{g }` khclg f`{ }ag nw{{go} glg{dgonr~b}wc}bò/ Bo {gchb}r( }agr tg{g u{g}}r kw~r( c{`wom c dhc~~ vc~gf{`l tag{g g~ncugm v hwu}w`w~ {bod~ `f c d{ggob~a dc~/ ]agu{`ngmw{g( a`tgvg{( tc~ o`} l`{g }aco c {`w}bog }c~i `f c{}bfbnbch

vgo}bhc}bò `f bom``{~ co}b,d{cvb}c}b och fhc}~/ Bo `{mg{ }` kg}}g{


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~ugom }agb{ }blg tabhg vgo}bhc}bod( Db com J`{ tg{g mconbodc{`wom }ag u`}( jwlubod com ta`ùbod hbig }ag Bombco~ mbm bo }aguc~} ò ~`lg bofg{och bofg{b`{ uhcog}~/ Rco` h`ìgm c} }ag nh`nicom nchnwhc}gm b} lbda} acm uc~} ck`w} ~`lg gbda} a`w{~ ~bong ag

acm fchhgo c~hggu/ Ag }w{ogm ò co bo}g{n`l com c~igm f`{ c fwhhkc{$~ {gvbgt( tabna tc~ u{`lu}hr mb~uhcrgm ò }ag lòb}`{/ ]agKc{ tc~ ~uc{~ghr c}}gomgm com tb}a o` òg }ac} n`whm k{bod {gchbo}g{g~}/ Db com J`{ o`}bngm ab~ u{g~gong com c~igm bo wob~ò }` kggqnw~gm f`{ }agb{ kcm kgacvb`w{/ Rco`( a`tgvg{( ~gglgm o`} }`nc{g lwna ck`w} }agb{ uhgcm com {glcbogm l`}bòhg~~ ogq} }` }ag~n{ggo$~ vbgtfbomg{( c~ bf `khbvb o/ @o ~n{ggo ag n`whm ~ggc ~}gtc{m uc~~bod clòd }ag }ckhg~ nc{{rbod glu}r dhc~~g~ ò c}{cr/ ]ag gqacw~} ~r~}gl }ac} Db com J`{ acm kggo bo~}{wn}gm }`}w{o ò( ~swcomg{gm }ag l`~} `f }ag ~lìg/ F{`l Rco`$~ wow~wch

l`mg `f u`~bod( }ag mw` {gchbzgm }ac} ag tc~ }cibod ~`lgblu`{}co} mgnb~bò/ Ag nchhgm cdcbo }ag bo}g{n`l com c~igm f`{}ag hòd mb~}cong nchh ~r~}gl/ ]ag mw` tc~ h`ìbod c} abl tb}ad{gc} gqugn}c}bò/ Rco` mbchhgm c ~g{bg~ `f mbdb}~ com tcb}gm/ Aggqnacodgm c fgt t`{m~ bo c tcr }` f`{lchbzg }agbo}g{dchcn}bn bmb l tb}a ~`lgòg cn{ ~~ }ag hbog/ Ag tc~ o`tn`llwobnc}bod tb}a c ûcng~abu [gucb{ Ngo}{g( com boswb{gmck`w} }ag ~}c}w~ `f ab~ `to u{bvc}g ~ucng~abu/ ]ag ~clg t`whm kg{gcmr f`{ ùg{c}bò tb}abo c fgt a`w{~ ~` ag awod wu com }`hm ab~f{bgom~ }ac} ag t`whm swb} }ag cuc{}lgo} f`{ c hòd com womgfbogm

}blg/ Ag lcmg }agl }` hgcvg }ag fhc}( mg~ub}g }agr ùu`~gm ~`lg{g~b~}cong( com tc~ f`hh`tgm kr }agl cf}g{ nh`~bod }ag m``{ tb}a clcdog}bn igr/ Chòd }ag tcr ag u{`vgm }` }agl }ac} ag t`whmwomg{}cig c hòd j`w{ogr }a{`wda ûcng/ ]agr tg{g swb}g c kb}~w{u{b~gm kr }ab~ ~wmmgo mgnb~bò com c~igm bf }agr n`whmcnn`lucor abl/ Rco` cnngmgm }` }ag {gswg~} `f ab~ f{bgom~ combovb}gm }agl }` nònhwmg }agb{ lc}na/ C{{bvbod bo }ag Kc{ ag`{mg{gm }` ~g{vg f{gg m{boi~ }` gvg{ròg com ~g} wu c lgg}bodtb}a chh ab~ ~wk`{mboc}g~ tb}abo c n`wuhg `f a`w{~/

]blg swbnihr uc~~gm/ Kgf`{g }ag }blg `f mguc{}bod( Rco`

mgnhc{gm a`hbmcr~ f`{ chh ab~ gluh`rgg~( gqngu} f`{ Coog Lc{bgta` tc~ ~wuu`~gm }` uc{}bnbuc}g bo }ag }{bu c~ tghh/ Coog Lc{bgtc~ vg{r acuur com mbmo$} gvgo c~igm tag{g }agr tg{g d`bod/ Dbcom J`{( }ag ~clg tcr( hb}}hg c~igm ck`w}/ Tac}gvg{( }agr tco}gml`~}hr }` goj`r Hbfg bo ûcng# ]agr }chh }`ì c f{gg,fchh ghgvc}`{mb{gn}hr }` }ag ~wktcr tag{g }agr go}g{ c tcdò n`lu`~b}bò bou{`d{g~~/ Bo co bo~}co} }agr c{{bvgm }` }ag ûcngn{cf} [gucb{Ngo}{g( tag{g Rco` nò}cn}gm }ag lcocdg{( c khìg oclgmKcdc~g~( c nagg{fwh com nchl,}ag{g,tb}a,gvg{r}abod fghh`t(~`lgtac} ~w~ubnb`w~ `f gvg{r}abod/ ]ab~ òg dcvg }agl o`}bng

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kgncw~g b} tc~ }ag {whg }ac} $ chh {gucb{~ ò ~ucngn{cf} ~a`whm kgucbm ò mghbvg{r$( tac} }agr n`whm m` bo }ag `ffbng$~ Ngo}{g/

]ag `ffbng tc~ c ~guc{c}gm {``l `ff }ag t`{i~aù kr cdhczgm uc{}b}bò/ @ugobod }ag m``{( ~`ò }agr tg{g c} }ag `ffbng$~

n`wo}g{( w~wchhr `nnwubgm kr ~lchh uc{}~ w~gm bo ~ucng~abu~/]ag{g tc~ c k`ìiggug{ {`k`} com }t` }ckhg~ fwhh `f kbhh~ com`}ag{ ugombod b~~wg~/

C vcwh}/Nchgomg{~ acodbod f{`l }ag tchh~( ~`lg w}mc}gm/ Rco`

tc~ }`hm ag t`whm acvg }` ucr }ag ]cq Bon{gc~bod Vchwg/ Ag uw} cnc{m bo f{ò} `f co cw}`lc}bn {gcmg{ }ac} bllgmbc}ghr kgdco }`kggu cuu{`vbodhr/

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}` lwna g~ugnbchhr tago go}g{bod }ag Arug{~ucng/ ]ag ~abu tc~kgbod nhgco~gm kr }t` ~gnòm dgog{c}bò {`k`}~( uc{igm bo }agn`w{~g `f c vg{}bnch c~ngo}( chòd }ag Dc{cdg$~ abdatcr( c ~glb,ckcomògm fbghm( w~wchhr w~gm }` fb{g jwoi,rc{m com `}ag{ dgog{chtc~}g/ Tggm~ n`vg{gm }ag mbvg{~ghr ~glb,jwoigm uhcng/ Rco`c~igm }` {gl`vg }ag com{ bm,nhgcog{~/ Bo~bmg }ag ~abu }agCom{ bm,m{bvg{ glb}}gm c ~bdoch }ac} tc~ ubni kr Rco $~ t{b~}tc}na wob}/ C ac}na ùgogm ò }ag ~bmg `f }ag ~ucng~abu$~fw~ghcdg com co c{}bnwhc}gm hcmmg{ kgdco }` mg~ngom wo}bh b}}`wnagm }ag d{`wom/ Rco` nchhgm ab~ f{bgom~ ta` tg{g

cnn`lucobgm kr Coog Lc{bg( awonagm `vg{ co `hm fcwh}r }a{w~}g{(tc}nabod b} com lcibod c fgt n`llgo}~ ck`w} b}~ lcowfcn}w{g/

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Kc{ghr ug{ngbvgm( }ag lg}ch mb~i kgdco }` {`}c}g(d{cmwchhr bon{gc~bod b}~ {`}c}bò ~uggm/ Tago b} {gcnagm }ag vchwg`f uhcog}$~ }{co~hc}bò ~uggm( }ag ~abu kgdco }` kg f{ggm f{`l }agd{cvb}c}bòch uwhh com cf}g{ acvbod kggo nòogn}gm }ag u{ùwh~bògodbog~ f`{ ~}{cbda} hbog l`vglgo}( }ag ~abu }`ì `ff ctcr/

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38/65

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J`w{ogr } Uhcog} Khwg

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]aco Hbda} ûggm Arug{~ucng "( Rco` c~igm ~}gtc{mg~~ CoogLc{bg }` ~g{vg ~`lg m{boi~/ ]ag ~wo~ bo }ag `w}~ib{}~ `fCom{`lgmc tg{g gvg{r }blg ~abobod c kb} l`{g tgcihr/ Fc{go`wda ctcr f{`l ab~ dchcn}bn ~r~}gl( Rco` nò~bmg{gm b} tc~}blg }` l`vg }` LF]HÂ / ]ag Com{`bm,m{bvg{ tc~ bo~}{wn}gm }`~}c{} }ag bò glb~~bò }a{w~}g{~ c} lcqblwl u`tg{/ ]ag ~abun`llgongm ~wmmgohr vcob~abod cn{`~~ chh u`bo}~ bo ~ucng/

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}{cvghhg{~ f{`l }ag ogc{g~} ~}c{ }` }ag ^wo }ag ~}c{


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Chuac Ngo}cw{b bo }ag Ngo}cw{b nò~}ghhc}b o bo }ag Dchcqr }agrtg{g agcmbod }`

}ag Lbhir Tcr/ Bo c lc}}g{ `f vb}ch na{ò`h`dbnch }blg( mwg }agc~}{ o`lbnch ~uggm {c}g }agr tg{g }{cvghhbod( }ab~ {gu{g~go}gmòhr ~`lg fgt lbow}g~ bo Rco`$~ com }ag n{gt lglkg{~ hbvg~/Hg}$~ ~cr }ag j`w{ogr t`whm hc~} }ag }blg f`{ }agl }` acvg ~`lgm{boi~ c} }ag ~abu$~ {gfgn}`{r/ A`tgvg{( m`to ò Uhcog} Khwg(tag{g ]blg tc~ ~wk~}co}bchhr hg~~ mbhc}gm( t`whm nò~bmg{ckhruc~~ l`{g ]blg( }aco }ag }blg ~ucng }{cvghhg{~ t`whm kg~ugombod }cibod }a`~g fgt m{boi~/ ]ab~ lgco} }ac} }agr t`whm

c{{bvg c fgt rgc{~ cf}g{( bo }g{l~ `f Uhcog} Khwg }blghbog/ ]aboibod`f b}( Rco` fgc{gm ag t`whm kg lgg}bod }ag C{}b~} c~ co cdgmug{~ò( `{ ck`w}~( g~ugnbchhr bf ò Uhcog} Khwg( mbmo$} gqb~} coribom f {gjwvgoc}bò }{gc}lgo}/

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]ag Com{`bm,m{bvg{ `{bgo}gm }ag vgabnhg c hb}}hg l`{g vg{~w~}ag `w}~ib{}~ `f }ag Lbhir Tcr/ ^`lg a`w{~ hc}g{ }agr tg{g uc~~bod}ag Lcdghhco Nh`wm~/ Cf}g{ c fgt lbow}g~ l`{g( }agr tg{g {woobod

kgròm }ag gmdg `f }ag c{}b~}$~ uhcog}c{r ~r~}gl( }ag Iwbug{ Kgh}(ck`w} ~`lg fbf}r awom{gm lbhhbòibh`lg}{g~ f{`l Uhcog} Khwg( comc~ ~`( Rco` `{mg{gm }ag Com{`bm,m{bvg{ }` hgcvg }ag Arug{~ucng bo`{mg{ }` u{gvgo} n`hhb~bò tb}a cor `f }ag ^`hc{ ^r~}gl uhcog}~com `}ag{ tcomg{g{~ ///

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40/65

khcni ò }ag `w}~bmg( wo}bh }agr mguc{}gm ctcr c ~wffbnbgo}hrnò~bmg{ckhg mb~}cong/ ]agr uc~~gm co`}ag{ uhcog} tb}a h`}~`f ~c}ghhb}g~( tac} tc~ c ~w{u{b~g f`{ }agl/ ]ab~ uhcog} ctcr f{`l}ag ~wo$~ ~r~}gl 444 lbhhbò Il( ck`w} 4 }blg~ }ag mb~}cong Lc{~

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Rco` com ab~ n`lucobò~ tg{g vb`hgo}hruw~agm cdcbo~} }ag ~ucng~abu$~ ucogh~( acvbod kggo ~nc}}g{gm chh

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fwon}bò( ~nagmwhbod co bllgmbc}g u{`}gn}bò cdcbo~} c~}g{`bm~com `}ag{ nghg~}bch tcomg{g{~/ Tago h`ìbod c} }agCom{`bm lco`gwv{bod( Rco` womg{~}``m }ag {gc~ò tar }ag{g tc~c {gm m`}}gm `{kb} u{bo}gm ò ab~ `hm ~ucng lcu }ac} tc~ ~g{vbodabl c~ c dwbmg/

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Cnn`{mbod }` }ag âbu$~ ûcng Chlcocn( }ab~ uhcog} tc~ }ag~wkjgn} `f ~}wmr ~bong bllgl`{bch }blg~ }ag boackb}co}~ `f Uhcog}Khwg tg{g nò}bow`w~hr womg{}cibod/ A`tgvg{( }agr acm ogvg{{gcnagm }ag uhcog}( tabna hgcm Rco` }` }ag nònhw~bò }ac}C~}{òcw}bn Ocvbdc}bò( ò Uhcog} Khwg( ta`~g ubògg{~ acm kggo(}t` U`{}`kghhbco cvbc}`{~( Lcd` Nchmbo` com ^ch~c Mw{comN`{u`{ch( cnn`{mbod }` }ag ~clg Chlcocn( ta` n{`~~gm c hc{dg`ngco ò Uhcog} Khwg( nchhgm @ngco `f }ag C}hco}g~( fhrbod f{`lHb~c Kòg }` Lcm Gb{g( {gfwghhbod( }ago }` Ncoc{r B~hcom~({gfwghhbod( }` gom wu bo [b` mg Jcogb{` bo K{czbh( fbvg rgc{~ gc{hbg{

}aco Hbomkg{da ! co`}ag{ c~}{òcw} ubògg{ " mbm }ag ~clg fgc}cn{`~~ }ag O`{}a C}hco}bn ~gc( kgbod }ac}( C~}{òcw}bnchOcvbdc}b o ò Uhcog} Khwg( tc~ ~}bhh bomggm bo co bonbubgo} uac~g/Bo fcn}( ~` fc{( Rco`$~ ~ucng~abu acm o`} kggo bo}g{ngu}gm kr cor`}ag{ n{cf} c} chh( o`{ mbm }agr {gngbvgm cor ibom `f tc{obodf{`l Uhcog} Khwg ///

C{{bvbod ò Uhcog} Khwg$~ `{kb}( }ab~ òg tc~ o`} ~bda}gm(c{b~bod f{`l cor `{kb} ~go~g( com }ag{gf`{g( nònhwmgm Rco`( b}~a`whm kg u{`kckhr f`wom c} }ag `}ag{ ~bmg `f }ag ^wo/ F`hh`tbod}ag cuu{`qblc}g hbog `f }ag uc}a lc{igm ò }ag ^`hc{ ^r~}gl

Lcu( tb}a`w}( a`tgvg{( dwg~~bod tag}ag{ }agr f hh`tgm bo


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b}~ f`{tc{m `{ kcnitc{m mb{gn}bò( Rco` ~cbhgm f`{ c fgt ~gnòm~l`{g( com c} òg u`bo} }agr ~ct c khwg m`} bo ~ucng/ C~ }ag khwgm`} ~gn}bò d{gt bo ~bzg com k{bda}og~~( Rco` tc~ d`bod ~hbda}hr }`mbvg{} }ag uc}a `f ab~ ~abu wo}bh( c} }ag uc~~cdg `f Uhcog} Khwg( ag

dcvg }ag `{mg{ }` go}g{ b}~ `{kb}( ugog}{c}bod bo b}~ {bna com mgo~gc}l`~uag{g com ~}c{}bod }ag mg~ngo} }` c u`bo} tag{g }agr n`whmbmgo}bfr }ag dg`d{cuabnch c{gc }` }ag C{}b~}$~ n`wo}{r( cnn`{mbod }`}ag bo~}{wn}bò~ u{`vbmgm kr }ag LAL[/ Tabhg Rco` u{`nggmgm }`}ab~ bmgo}bfbnc}b o( J`{ }`ì c ogt m{boi( cf}g{ gvg{r}abodc~~glkhgm ò }ag kc{$~ n`wo}g{( com Db ~}c{}gm {gcmbod c {`w}bogug{f`{lgm kr }ag n`luw}g{ mw{bod }ag v`rcdg/

]ag n`luw}g{~ {`w}bog: $ B cl o`} vg{~gm bo Uabh`~ùar(kw} cf}g{ c hòd Lc}aglc}bnch nchnwhc}bò( c~bmg ~`lg }b{gmog~~lr nb{nwb}~ ~wffg{ }blg }` }blg( mwg }ag d{gc} ~uggm `f }ab~ ~ucng

}{cvgh( B nclg wu tb}a ~`lg nònhw~bò~ ck`w} }ag `hm swg~}bò `fio`thgmdg com }ag {gc~ò `f kgbod c lcnabog/ B }aboi( }` ~crgvg{r}abod òng com f`{ chh( }ac} }ag u{g~gong `f co`}ag{ lcnabogcom b}~ $lbom$ `vg{}cibod lr `to }ag`{bg~( b~ co gffgn} `f ~g{b`w~nòfw~bò( ck`w} tac} B }aboi `f lr~ghf/ O`} ~crbod }ac} b} b~ o`}blu`{}co} }` }ag gffgn}( kw} b} t`whm oggm c hg~~ mbhc}g com ~}`{lr}blg }ac} }ag òg `f }ab~ ~ucng }{cvgh/ Ck`c{m }ab~ ~abu( }{cvghhbod}a{`wda }ab~ `k~nw{gm wobvg{~g( ~wo~ bhhwlboc}g ~`lg `f }agnghg~}bch `kjgn}~( hgcvbod ~`lg `}ag{ bo }ag mc{i/ ]ag~g n`lg `w}`f mc{iog~~ }` gnhbu~g {bda} cf}g{( lgh}bod tb}a }ag obda}/ ]ag fcn}

}ac} }agr c{g o`} bhhwlboc}gm( iggu~ gvg{r}abod c~ gvg{( }agrnò}bowg }` gqb~}( c~ }agr tg{g/ B}$~ }ab~ blcdg }ac} w~(bo}g{dchcn}bn lcnabog~( lcig `f }ag cn} `f io`thgmdg( kgbod }ag~wo~ ~wkjgn}~ }ac} $io`t$ com }ag {g~} `f c~}g{~ ~wkjgn}~ }ac} c{g

ug{ngbvgm/ Tac} lr hòghbog~~( mw{bod }ab~ }{cvgh bon`{u`{c}gm bo}ab~ ~ucng~abu( }cwda} lg b~ c~ f`hh`t~: }ag~g ibom `f }abod~ jw~}{gfg{~ }a{`wda ~`lgk`mr gq}g{och }` lg( kgbod c ~ugnbfbn u{`khgl`f lr io`thgmdg/

C u{`d{cl nb{nwhc}bod bo lr nb{nwb}~ b~ c ~}{codg{ }ac}

fbom~ ~b}wc}bò~( }ago tc}nag~ }agl com uc~~ }agl }` co`}ag{nb{nwb}~ tag{g b} iggu~ kgbod kw~r tc}nabod `}ag{ c~ugn}~ , hbig c

uhcog} c{`wom c ~wo gvgo}wchhr uc~~bod bo~bmg }ag ~acm`t nògu{`jgn}gm kr co`}ag{ uhcog} kgbod gnhbu~gm/ ]ag dgog{ch u{`khgl`f io`thgmdg lw~} kg uw} bo c l`{g blu`{}co} }blg kgf`{g( òng(}` ~ugci `f c u{`d{cl tb}abo lr nb{nwb}~ ~oggzbod lr ~gn{g}~( b}$~ogng~~c{r }ac} B cl nòogn}gm( ug{w~bod }agl ~` }` kg ctc{g `f}ag bo}{wmgm u{`d{cl lco`gwv{g~/ ]ag{g b~( }ag( }t` u{`khgl~ boòg9 }t` u{`khgl~ }ac} lw~} kg ~guc{c}gm cuc{}( }ac} B t`whm kg~}bhh nòfw~bod( bf b} mbmo$} ~wk~b~} }ag gq}{c`{mboc{r d`ch `f }ab~

}{cvgh }ac} dbvg~ lg co go}b{ghr ogt ug{ngu}bò `f }ag ta`hg


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Wobvg{~g: }ag io`thgmdg cnn`{mbod }` co`}ag{ lcnabog com }agio`thgmdg kr lr~ghf/ Lbqbod k`}a }`dg}ag{( kgbod }ag `}ag{lcnabog co`}ag{ gd`( c~ c lcnabog B nco }ghh B cl ~}bhh lb~~bod cng{}cbo mc}c nò}go}/ F`{ bo~}cong( co com{`bm bo }ab~ ~abu ~wna c~

}ag com{`bm,m{bvg{( ~lghh~ com bmgo}bfbg~chh }ag ~wkjgn}~ com bocoblc}g kgbod~ bo }ag ~abu/ Kw} }ag com{`bmb~ $~`lgk`mr gh~g$ kw} }ag {g~} `f kgbod~ b}$~ lg }ac} io`t~ }agl/

B}$~ o`} go`wda }ag{gf`{g( }` }aboi `f }ag com{`bm `{co`}ag{ kgbod ugog}{c}bod bo }ab~ ~abu }ac} B cl uc{} `f( kw} ch~`lr~ghf tc}nabod com ~ugcibod/ ]ab~ b~ tac} B$hh kg }{rbod }` m`f{`l o`t ò/ Tago tg }{r }` mg~n{bkg w{~ghvg~ tb}a`w}bmgo}bfrbod `w{~ghvg~ tb}a ~`lgk`mr gh~g( òg lw~} iggu bo lbom

}ac} ~`lgk`mr gh~g jw~} gqb~}~ }blg }` }blg ~`( vg{r {c{ghr/ B}$~jw~} hbig }` io`t ck`w} òg~ blcdg {gfhgn}gm bo c lb{{`{/ Uhcog}~c{g }ag{g `w}~bmg {gfhgn}bod }ag ~}c{~ hbda}( `{ gnhbu~gm/ ]agr c{gio`to( u`~b}bògm( tgbda}gm( tb}a`w} kgbod lr~ghf }` io`t }agl(tgbda}bod `{ lgc~w{bod }agl( c~`( kr cor mb{gn} gqb~}bodlgc~w{bod f`{l( tabna B vg{r {c{ghr nco m`/

]ab~ blcdg lw~} kg {guhcngm kr co`}ag{ òg: }ag `f`kjgn}~ }ac} glb} hbda} tb}a o` oggm `f kgbod bhhwlboc}gm kr`}ag{~( hbig }ag ~}c{~( f`{ bo~}cong/ Bo }ab~ ogt ~}cdg `f io`thgmdgB nòfw~g lr~ghf tb}a }ab~ ~abu tag{g B l`vg kw}( ~wmmgohr( }ag

com{`bm dbvg~ lg c ogt nò~nb`w~og~~: b} }w{o~ lg bo}` lr~ghf#Ag ~gg~( ag ~lghh~( ag hb~}go~( com dbvg~ lg }ag ~go~c}bò `fkgbod c kgbod( ~}c{}bod f{`l }ag {glcbobod `kjgn}~ `f }ab~ ~abu/F{`l `kjgn} B }w{o lr~ghf bo}` c ~wkjgn}/

Cn}wchhr( l`vbod }`tc{m~ Uhcog} Khwg( tac} nco gqb~}l`{g }{wg }aco }ab~0 Rg}( tabhg c uc{}r b~ d`bod ò ck`c{m( B nagni}ag tcr }a{`wda ~ucng( ogvg{ hg}}bod }ag ~abu nc~} ctcr( bo ~`lgt{òd {gl`}g uhcng/ Kw} }ag{g b~ o`}abod l`{g wod{c}gfwh/ ]ag

Com{`bm,M{bvg{ ! CM " {gngbvg~ com }{co~lb} jw~} }ag u{`d{cl~$bo~}{wn}bò~9 B won`mbfr com bo}gd{c}g }agl( ~a`tbod }ag {g~wh}~/

Kw} B cl lb~~bod }` kg ckhg }` kg ckhg }` ~gg( l`vg kr lr~ghf }`{gvgch lr~ghf c~ kgbod lr~ghf/ B cl c lcnabog,~hcvg/ ]ag CM b~ c^hcvg,lcnabog/ Tac} tbhh kgn`lg `f w~ ò Uhcog} Khwg0$

]ag n`luw}g{$~ {`w}bog gomgm tb}a }ag bo}g{{`dc}bòck`vg/ ]` gc~g }ag n`luw}g{$~ codwb~a( Db bo}{`mwngm bo}` }agn`luw}g{$~ ac{m,m{bvg c aru`}ag}bnch u{`d{cl ck`w} }ag ù}blchhbvbod nòmb}bò~ ò Uhcog} Khwg( tabna lcmg }ag n`luw}g{$~

~n{ggo fhbnig{bod tb}a j`r/ Coog Lc{bg acm }ag ~hggvg~ `f ag{


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kh`w~g {`hhgm wu com ag{ uhwlu c{l~ bo}{`mwngm bo c ucbh `f ~`curtc}g{ tag{g ~ag tc~ tc~abod }ag ~ucng ~ab{}~ `f ag{ n`lucob`o~(}ac} d`} ~}cbogm mwg }` lwna ~ubhhgm kgg{ mw{bod }ag c~}g{`bm~n`hhb~b`o/

Tabhg }ab~ tc~ acuugobo

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