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Pittsburgh Urban Flash FloodPittsburgh Urban Flash Flood
May 18, 1999May 18, 1999
AVERAGE BASIN RAINFALL (ABR)TURTLE CREEK WATERSHED 147mi2
01-02JUL1997
01/2200-
02/0015 UTC
X.XX = ABR (in)
MONONGAHELARIVER
ALLEGHENYCOUNTY
WESTMORELANDCOUNTY
N
PITCAIRN
0 5km
1108 2303 2306
2307
2304 2305
1.21 1.73 0.740.12
0.41 0.16
1108 = TURTLE CREEK(1)2303 = TURTLE CREEK(2)2304 = BRUSH CREEK(1)
2305 = BRUSH CREEK(2)2306 = TURTLE CREEK(3)
2307 = TURTLE CREEK(4)
0.76
24.0mi2
10.2mi228.2mi2
22.4mi2 34.8mi2
26.9mi2
AVERAGE BASIN RAINFALL (ABR)TURTLE CREEK WATERSHED 147mi2
18-19May1999
18/2100-
19/0200 UTC
X.XX = ABR (in)
MONONGAHELARIVER
ALLEGHENYCOUNTY
WESTMORELANDCOUNTY
N
PITCAIRN
0 5km
1108 2303 2306
2307
2304 2305
3.03 2.03 1.661.33
2.04 1.13
1108 = TURTLE CREEK(1)2303 = TURTLE CREEK(2)2304 = BRUSH CREEK(1)
2305 = BRUSH CREEK(2)2306 = TURTLE CREEK(3)
2307 = TURTLE CREEK(4)
1.86
24.0mi2
10.2mi228.2mi2
22.4mi2 34.8mi2
26.9mi2
1hr FFG 1.83hr FFG 2.6
AMBER Time Display IntervalAMBER Time Display Interval
• 5-minute ABR5-minute ABR: Used to compute ABR Rate : Used to compute ABR Rate and to display 2-hour accumulated ABR.and to display 2-hour accumulated ABR.
• 15-minute ABR15-minute ABR: Used for comparison with : Used for comparison with IFLOWS rain gage data and to display IFLOWS rain gage data and to display 6-hour accumulated ABR.6-hour accumulated ABR.
• 1-hour ABR1-hour ABR: Used for history of ABR in a : Used for history of ABR in a watershed and to display 24-hour watershed and to display 24-hour accumulated ABR.accumulated ABR.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.501
00
0500
0900
1300
1700
2100
ABR Rate
ABR
Turtle Creek (1) ABR #1108Turtle Creek (1) ABR #110818May, 1999 1-hour data18May, 1999 1-hour data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.520
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR Rate
ABR
Turtle Creek (1) ABR #1108Turtle Creek (1) ABR #110818-19May, 1999 15-minute data18-19May, 1999 15-minute data
Turtle Creek(1)#1108
Turtle Creek
MonongahelaRiver
BraddockLock
Kenmore Ave.
Electric St.
53215322
6334
6598
63366597
6335
6599 6309
63106605
6596
Pitcairn
5.09
4.404.28
3.76
3.72
3.22
3.09
3.09
1.81
2.12
2.46
1.75
X.XX = ABR18MAY1999 2000 UTC-19MAY1999 0200 UTC
3.03
(inches)
2.42.3
3.8
3.12.8
1.8
2.7
0.70.5
1.4
0.2
0.9
x.x = Area(square miles)
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
44.5
520
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR Rate
ABR
Forest Hills Run ABR #5321Forest Hills Run ABR #532118-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.521
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Forest Hills Run ABR #5321Forest Hills Run ABR #532118May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
PA Route 30Ardmore Blvd
TurtleCreek
1.0 mi2
0.6 mi2
1.1 mi2
0 4000ft
Forest Hills Run#5321
17,200ft Stream Length
6,000ft above ground
11,200ft below ground
Vincent'sPizza
Taco Bell
KenmoreAve
ElectricAve
Park
Forest Hills Run in Parklooking downstream.
Forest Hills Run exits the parkunder Route 30.
Forrest Hills Run underground.Notice new cement in storm drain.
KenmoreAvenue
Natural creek channel between Taco Bell and house.
Dumpster at Vincent’sPizza washed 1 miledownstream along ElectricAve. Water and mud damage in building.
Electric Ave.
Road is built on Forrest HillsRun creek bed, buried underground.
Forest Hills EMA ReportsForest Hills EMA Reports
• 2215 UTC - First reports of water in 2215 UTC - First reports of water in basements. basements.
• 2300 - 0100 UTC many cars stranded along 2300 - 0100 UTC many cars stranded along Ardmore Boulevard.Ardmore Boulevard.
• 0056 UTC - 10/homes/20 people evacuated 0056 UTC - 10/homes/20 people evacuated on Kenmore Avenue.on Kenmore Avenue.
MonongahelaRiver
YoughioghenyRiver
Braddock Lock12191218
63986399
1725
5333
5332
1226
4030
4032
41344031
4058
4117
4028
4059
4029
4028 Braddock 4029 Clairton4030 McKeesport4031 Glassport4032 Portvue4058 Dravosburg4059 Wilson4117 Duquesne4134 Liberty
(4332)
Urban Areas:
4.38
3.86
3.99
3.74
3.58
3.90
3.673.28
4.213.49 3.01
3.18
2.32
2.93
2.90
3.273.18
5.26 (4.44)Rain Gage
0.9
3.0
2.21.4
1.3
1.2
0.4
2.0
0.4
x.xx = ABR18May1999 2000 UTC-19May1999 0200 UTC
x.x = Area in(square miles)
1.6
3.2
1.8 2.3
3.1
1.5
0.9
1.5
6398 Thomson Run(1)6399 Thompson Run(2)
1218 West Run1219 Homestead Run
1226 Crooked Run
1725 Curry HollowRoad Run
5332 Coal Valley Run5333 New EnglandRoad Run
Mon Valley Urban AreasMon Valley Urban AreasTotal population 86,565Total population 86,565
• Rankin/Braddock 8,256 3.0miRankin/Braddock 8,256 3.0mi22
• Clairton 12,188 1.3miClairton 12,188 1.3mi22
• McKeesport 31,012 2.0miMcKeesport 31,012 2.0mi22
• Glassport 6,242 1.2miGlassport 6,242 1.2mi22
• Port Vue 5,316 0.9miPort Vue 5,316 0.9mi22
• Wilson/Dravosburg 11,075 0.8miWilson/Dravosburg 11,075 0.8mi22
• Duquesne 10,094 1.4miDuquesne 10,094 1.4mi22
• Liberty 3,112 2.2miLiberty 3,112 2.2mi22
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
44.5
520
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Port Vue #4032 0.9miPort Vue #4032 0.9mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.521
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Port Vue #4032 0.9miPort Vue #4032 0.9mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.520
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Rankin/Braddock #4028 3.0miRankin/Braddock #4028 3.0mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
321
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Rankin/Braddock #4028 3.0miRankin/Braddock #4028 3.0mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.520
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Liberty #4134 2.2miLiberty #4134 2.2mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.521
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Liberty #4028 2.2miLiberty #4028 2.2mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
420
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Duquesne #4117 1.4miDuquesne #4117 1.4mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.521
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Duquesne #4117 1.4miDuquesne #4117 1.4mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
420
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Clairton #4029 1.3miClairton #4029 1.3mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
421
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Clairton #4029 1.3miClairton #4029 1.3mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
AMBER’sAMBER’s SlidingSliding Time WindowTime Window
• AMBER gives the forecaster the option of AMBER gives the forecaster the option of examining rainfall in any time duration.examining rainfall in any time duration.
• The capability of examining rainfall in a The capability of examining rainfall in a moving time window is a very powerful moving time window is a very powerful feature for the flash flood forecaster.feature for the flash flood forecaster.
• One inch of rain falling in 15 minutes One inch of rain falling in 15 minutes produces a much large stream response than produces a much large stream response than one inch of rain distributed through 1 hour.one inch of rain distributed through 1 hour.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
420
26
2036
2046
2056
2106
2116
2126
2136
ABR Rate
ABR
Clairton #4029 1.3miClairton #4029 1.3mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.521
51
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
2321
2336
2351
ABR Rate
ABR
Clairton #4029 1.3miClairton #4029 1.3mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
24 Hour ABR-Rainfall History24 Hour ABR-Rainfall History
• The history of previous rainfall in a The history of previous rainfall in a watershed is invaluable in determing flash watershed is invaluable in determing flash flood potential.flood potential.
• The AMBER 24 hour rainfall product can The AMBER 24 hour rainfall product can be used to quickly determine the rainfall be used to quickly determine the rainfall distribution in any watershed for the past 24 distribution in any watershed for the past 24 hours. hours.
• ABR is displayed in one hour increments.ABR is displayed in one hour increments.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.501
00
0500
0900
1300
1700
2100
ABR Rate
ABR
Clairton #4029 1.3miClairton #4029 1.3mi22
18May1999 1 hour data18May1999 1 hour data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.520
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Glassport #4031 1.2miGlassport #4031 1.2mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.521
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Glassport #4031 1.2miGlassport #4031 1.2mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.520
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Thompson Run(1) #6398 1.6miThompson Run(1) #6398 1.6mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
421
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Thompson Run(1) #6398 1.6miThompson Run(1) #6398 1.6mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
420
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR RateABR
Thompson Run(2) #6399 3.2miThompson Run(2) #6399 3.2mi22
18-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
421
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Thompson Run(2) #6399 3.2miThompson Run(2) #6399 3.2mi22
18May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
0
1
2
3
4
5
620
00
2100
2200
2300
0000
0100
0200
ABR Rate
ABR
Braddock Lock 2 ABR #4332Braddock Lock 2 ABR #433218-19May1999 15 min. data18-19May1999 15 min. data
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.521
06
2121
2136
2151
2206
2221
2236
2251
2306
ABR Rate
ABR
Braddock Lock 2 ABR #4332Braddock Lock 2 ABR #433218May1999 5 min. data18May1999 5 min. data
ConclusionsConclusions
• Small watersheds definition is the key to Small watersheds definition is the key to detection of flash flooding.detection of flash flooding.
• ABR Rate gives early warning for flash ABR Rate gives early warning for flash flood potential. flood potential.
• Time duration of rainfall display impacts Time duration of rainfall display impacts forecaster perception of flash flood threat.forecaster perception of flash flood threat.
• User selectable time window needed.User selectable time window needed.