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pipes [Read-Only] [Compatibility Mode].
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Description
Basis of Selection
Material of construction
Relevant Codes & Standards
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Pipe & Tube Pressure tight cylinder used to convey a fluid or to transmit a
fluid pressure, ordinarily designated pipe in applicable material specifications .Materials designated tube or tubing in the specifications .Materials designated tube or tubing in the specifications are treated as pipe when intended for pressure service.
PIPING ASSEMBLIESAssemblies of piping components is used to mix, distribute, separate,
discharge ,Meter & control the fluid flows.
4CODES AND SCOPE
There are different kinds of codes. The following are the commonly used codes for piping:
ASME B31.1 – Power piping ASME B31.3 – Process piping.
Scope of B31.3:• This code is developed considering piping • This code is developed considering piping typically found in petroleum refineries, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, paper, and cryogenic plants.
5APPLICATIONS
This code applies to piping for all fluids, including:
Raw, intermediate & finished chemicals. Petroleum products Gas, steam, air, & water. Fluidised solids. Refrigerants & Cryogenic fluids.
6TYPES
Seamless - For Ex. In ASTM A106 we covers upto 48”
Electric welded by resistance (Pr. With Electric) (ERW)
Longitudinal seam submerged-arc welded(SAW)
Gas metal arc welded (GMAW)
Combination of gas metal & submerged-arc weld
Double seam submerged-arc welded (DSAW)
Double seam gas metal arc welded
Helical seam submerged-arc welded
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Socket weld: • It is normally used in small bore <2”
Thread type: • It is normally used in small bore <2” like instruments & fire hazard area (Galvanised)instruments & fire hazard area (Galvanised)
Butt weld: • It is the best type for pipe joining. It is used in >1 1/2”.
•High pr. & corrosive liquids this type is used for all sizes.
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Fluid service
Pressure
Temperature
Mechanical properties Tensile strength Ultimate strength % of Elongation
Corrosion allowances
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Prime classification:
Ferrous Non-ferrous Non-ferrous
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Ex: CS – A53 CS - A106 API 5L LTCS - A333 ALLOY - A335 ALLOY - A335 SS - A312
TP304 TP304L TP321H TP316L
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ASTM A106
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ASTM A333
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Where t = PD____ 2(SE+PY)
tm = PD +C2(SE+PY)
– Ref. ASME B36.10 to find the wall thk. Of CS & Alloy steel
– Ref. ASME B36.19 to find the wall thk. Of SS
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Where
P = Design pressure D = Outside diameter S = Allowable stress appendix A E = Joint quality factor as defined in 302 3.4 Y = Coefficient from 304.1.1
C = C1+C2 C1 = Corrosion allowance C2 = Depth of thread (used only upto 1 ½” NB)
tm = Mill tolerance ex. 12.5% for ASTM A106 0.3mm for ASTM 672
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Temperature limits of the material, Refer ASME B31.3 in Table A-1 (page 155)
Ex.
Material Temp. oC
ASTM A106 Gr.B -29 to 425
ASTM A53 Gr.B -29 to 425
API 5L A25 -29 to 186
LTCS A333 Gr.6 -46 to 425
Alloy A335 Gr.P2 -29 to 537
ASTM A312 TP304L -254 to 815
ASTM A312 TP321H -184 to 537
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-425
-300
-29
-29
815
537
425
425
ASTM A312 TP304L
ASTM A312 TP321H
ASTM A53 Gr.B
ASTM A333 GR 6
-29
-29
-29
537
186
425
-600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000
ASTM A335 GR P22
API 5L A25
ASTM A106 Gr.B
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PVC - POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
CPVC - CHLORINATED PVC
PTFE - POLY TETRA FLUORO ETHYLENE
RTRP - REINFORCED THERMO SETTING RESIN PLASTIC
FRP - FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC
PP - POLY PROPYLENE
GRP - GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC
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Chemical Composition (ASTM A751)
Heat Analysis Product Analysis Carbon Equivalent
Mechanical Testing (ASTM A370)
Tension Test Bend Test Flattening Test Hardness Test Flaring Test
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Tension Test
Yield Strength Tensile strength Elongation Reduction of Area Reduction of Area
Hardness Test
Brinell Test Rockwell Test Vickers Test
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Hydrostatic Test
Visual Inspection
Non Destructive Electric Test
Metallography (ASTM E&7)
Corrosion Test
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