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Page 1: pipeline safety journal.pdf

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n D s a nc e s F omN a u a G a s T an s m ss o n P p e ne s A P a c c a A p p oa c h o O pe a o Q u a c a o n A c a o s a n d B e e s o u s n g C a h e a Te c hn o o gy o n e n a y n s pe c P o y e hy e n e Ma n a n d Se v c e P o p o se d M e ho d o og y o D e e c n g L o ca z e d E x e na C o O s o n A c v y o n U n de g o u n d P p È n eS y s em s U s ng A c mP ed a nc e a n d Pa e n R e c og n O n A g o h m O P S Re g u a o y Ag e nd aW a ch W P L P u b s he s s n c e 19 8 7 V o u me N n b e A U n n 1 9 9 9 A

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Vo ume Numbe Au umn 1999WPLPub she ss nce 1987

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mn 1 99 9 J o u na o P p e n e S a e y P ag e 1 F o m h e E d o A e x M a ks 3 S a e S ep a a o n D s a nc e s F omN a u a G a s T an s m ss o n P p e n es J a me s S H a k a a nd R o be D e s n a ck 2 1 A P a c c a A p p oa c h o O pe a o Q u a c a o n J o hn E c k s on 3 5 A p p c a o ns a n d Be n e s o U s n g Ca m e a Te c hn o o gy o n e n a y n s pe c P o y e hy e n e Ma n a n d Se v c e P p n g A n a R o me o 4 1 P o p o se d M e ho d o og y o D e e c n g L oc a z e d Ex e n a C o o s o n Ac v y o n U nd e g o u nd P p e n e S ys e m s Us n g A C m pe d an c e an d P a e n R e co g n o n A g o h m MU q u d M a cd o na d a n d H C as a n ed a 5 7 O P S Re g u a o y Ag e n daW a c h J P S S a

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o o ve 1 4 y e a s n ow w n g o h e W a sh n g o n P pe n e L e e w h e e e d o a a n d s u be c v e c omm e n a e a m os e n e y a b s en s a n a b up c h a n ge o m e o w e a n e d o a N e e d e ss o s a y s a p v e g e o m e o s e v e y ou w h h s e d o a o h e s s s u e o h e J o u na o P p e n e S a e y S o s w h a s e ns e o p d e h a w o u d k e o p e se n o y o u h e a u h o s w n g o h s p e m e e s s u e o h e J P S T he s o e pu p o se o h s o u n a s o p o v d e be n e c a n o m a o n o y o u h e e a d e h a w h e p y o u o c o mp y w h h e p p e n e sa e y e g u a o n s an d e n ha n ce p p e n e sa e y o e v e y o n es b e ne M o e o ve h e n o m a o n s p e se n e d h e e w h h e h ou g h h a w h e p y o u o g a n c o n ex a n d pe s p ec v e o n k ey e g u a o y s s ue s be n g d ev e o pe d b y h e O c e o P p e n e Sa e y T h a s o s a y h e J P S s n e n de d o b e a n n s u me n o o p e n s c e n c a n d s ch o a y e x ch a ng e s h a w e s u n e a s o u o n s o e a p p e n e s a e y p ob e m s Mo v n g a on g o h e s a c e D J S H a k a a n d D R o b e D e s na c k ha v e nv e s g a ed g a s a n sm s s o n p pe n e n c d en s h a e s u n u p u e a n d g as g n o n T h e yp o p o se a m e h o d o e va u a n g d s a nc e s h a p p e n es c a n be s a e y se b a c k o m h e c o mm u n y c a e d sa e s e p a a o

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mss o n P pe n e s A b s a c J a me s S H a d a P h D P E a n d Ro b e D e s na c k P h D P E N e w Je s e y n s u e o T e c hn o o gy N e wa k N J A c c de n a u p u e o n a u a g a s a n s m s s on p p e n e s w h su b se q ue n g n o n o h e e sc a p ng g a s ca n e s u n h e o s s o e a n d p o pe y A m e h o d o e v a u a n g d s a n ce s a w h c h h e p pe n e s c an b e s a y s e b a ck o m h e c o mm un y c a e d s a s e pa a o n d s a n ce s s p o p o se d h e e n n w h c h h e po n s o u c e me h o d o d e e m n n g he a u x s c o u p e d w h e a o n sh p s o p e d c n g b o h h e m a ss e e a s e a e o m h e u p u e a n d h e a m e h e g h o h e g n e d g a s T h e me h o d s u z e d o d e ve o p c ha s o p e d c n g s a s e pa a o n d s a n ce s b as e d on p p e n e o pe a n g p e s su e a n d n om n a p p e n e d a me e n o d uc o n n c e as e d d ev e o pm e n o o m e y s p a s e y p op u a e d a e as h a s e su e d n n s a n ce s o e n c o ac h me n o n a u a g a s a n s m ss o n p p e n e g h s o w a yR O Ws A c c de n a u p u e s o h e s e p pe n e s w h s ub s eq u en g n o n o h e es c ap n g g as c a n e su n h e o s s o e a n d p o pe y n e a h e s e n e s A d e sc p o n o h e e e c s o s u c h a cc d e n s ca n b e o u nd n h e p p e n

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0 D d a m e e o h e n p p e o o c e n n c he s a n d P 1 a b s o u ep e s su e n p s a s o m e n ea b y p o n u ps e a m om h e o p e n ng E q ua o n 8 s m o d e d b y e xa m n n g h e a e s o g as o s h o u g h a c ua p p e n e u p u e s se e T ab e 1 a n d co m pa n g h e s e a e s w h va u e s ob a n e d us n g h e eq u a o n B as e d on h s e v a u a o n Eq u a o n 8 wa s m od e d o b e V 1 1 0 0 00 3 4 Y P9 w he e V 1 g a s o w a e s c h D p p e n e d a me e n c he s a n d P n c d e n o pe a n g p e s s u e p s a s h o u d b e no e d h a m u p c a o n b y 1 0 00 n E q u a o n 9c o nv e s M c h o s c Y h E q u a o n 9 e e c s h e a c h a n s e o n o h e m ax m um n a o w a e n o h e p o n s o u ce e q u a o n w n o a c cu a e y e e c h e m a a d a o n c o n d o n s s n ce h e h e a u x a a g v e n e ce p o o c a o n w d e c e as e w h h e d e c ea s n g ga s o w T he e o e V c a n b e c o ns d e e d o b e a e p es e n a v e ga s o w a e D e e m n a o n o F a m e He g h n a m a n ne s m a o h e m e h o d o d e e m n ng h e e x p e ss o n o g a s o w a e h e n o m a o n o b a n e d o m a c u a p pe n e a c c de n s c an b e u se d o e s m a e a m e he g h H a w h o meW e d de a n d H o e 1 9 4 9 de v e op e d a n eq u a o n h a o a g v e n g a s e xp e s se d h e a m e e n g ha s b e ng d e c y p o p o o n a o h e e o n o zz e d a m e

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n a d u s by e s s h a n 12 p e c e n c a n h e e o e b e s e en h a h e p e d c e d b u n a d us d o es n a c a p p o x m a e h e d s an c e o h os e b u d n gs w h ch w e e n v o ve d n e a e w m n u es a e h e u p u e A b u n a d u s ca n k e w se b e e s m a ed o d e e m n n g h e d s a n ce b e yo n d wh c h bu d n g s w n o g n e a a F o h e Ed s o n ac c d en h s d s a n ce w o u d ex e n db e yo n d h e o ca o n o h o s e b u d n gs w h ch w e e we e d d o wn n o d e o p e d c h e d s a nc e w h E q ua o n 1 1 a h e a u x o 3 9 6 2 B u h 2 s s e e c e d T h s s h e h e a u x a w h ch p o e d g n o n o w o o d oc c u s s o h a w oo d s n o e x pe c e d o g n e b e ow h s h e a u x F o m e q u a o n1 1 h e b u n a d u s b ec o me s B R 3 6 4 0 3 6 8 29 8 4 7 3 9 62 3 7 5 2 1 1 1 9 e e T he a c u a d s a nc e o m h e u p u e p o n o h e m d p o n o h e b u d n g a h e s o m h e u p u e h a w a s w e e d do w n wa s k e ws e o u nd u s n g h e n o m a o n o m h e N TS B e s o h s a c c de n T h s d s a nc e w as d e e m n e d o b e 1 10 1 e e T h e p e dc e d b u n a d u s s h e e o e v e ys m a o h e a c ua d s a n c e w h a d e e n c e o e ss h a 2 p e c e n T h e o o w ng e x a mp e u s a e s h e a n a y ss o a s a e s e pa a o n d s a n ce o a p p e n e a c c de n o w h c h e s s n o m a o n s a va a b e N TS B 1 9 86 T h e a

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adhedsancesesmaedusngEquaon11ThscompasonspesenednTabe4 oa ohena uagasppenes nvovednhesudy canbeseenhaevenousdeheangeod ameesandpessuesow hchEquaon11w asdeveopedha hsea onshpsp oducesesusw hchappoxmaehoseoheB shThehghepecend eenceseecedn heas heeen esoTabe4aep obabydueoheuseo ow opeangpessuesehe sngyo ncombnaonw hsmadamee sw hchaeousde heangeow hchEquaon11w asdeveopedAcompasonw askew semadebew eensepaaonds ancesdeemnedhoughuseoEquaon11andhesepaaonds ancesmposedneguaonsdeveopedbyheD uchTheoow ngdscussonsbasedonnomaon ompesonacommuncaonsw hNVNedeandseGasuneN ovembe301995June211996Sepembe301996The sypeo sepaaondsancew hchheD uchdeveopedscaedap oxmyo budngdsanceThs shedsancebew eenappeneandesdenabu dngsospecas ucuesandcoespondsoa10 ndvdua skThesecondypeodsances caedasuveyoe ecdsanceThsdsancesdee mne

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2 P K 3 7 5 2 2 D 1 D 2 1 3 Ta b e s 6 an d 7 e s p ec v e y p e s en h e c o mp a s o n o b u d n g d s an c es o c o n s an p e s s u e a nd d a m e e c a n be s ee n h a b o h h e D u ch a p p o ac h a nd E qu a o n 1 1 p o du c e ve y s m a e n d s e s m a a o s w he h e c o n d o ns o c o ns a n p e s su e o c o n s a n d a me e a e e v a u a ed U n ce a n e s T h e un c e a n e s n h e v a u e o h e b u m ad u s p o d uc e d by E q ua o n 1 1 a e h e e s u o h e a s s um p o n s h a w e e ma d e du n g d e ve o p me n o h s e q u a o n A s n d ca e d p e v o us y a n a s su m p o n wa s ma d e h a h e d a ma g e o m a p p e n e u p u e s p m a y d u e o h e h e m a a d a o n p o d uc e d by h e g n e d g a s O h e da m a ge s u ch a s p o e c e d a ma g e o m p p e n e a g me n s s n o c o ns d e e d T h sa s su m p o n s c on s s e n w h h e e s u s o m n v e s g a o ns o a c u a p p e n e u p u es n w h c h d a ma g e wa s o u n d o b ec a us e d p m a y o m h e e F o d e ve o p me n o E q u a o n 1 1 h e es c ap n g g as s a s s um e d o b e ha v e o nc e g n e d k e a v e c a e a m e A e e a se o m a p e s s u z ed s y s em s u ch a s a p pe n e c a n p od u ce o h e s c e na o s s u ch a s d sp e s o n o h e u n g n e d ga s o m a o n o a e b a d e v e op m en o a a s h e o a v a p o c o u d ex p o s on N F PA 1 9 8 8 H

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994Themaada onhazadsombunngvapocoudsaeconsdeedesssgncan hanbaseecs andcombusonassocaedw ha ashe assnomoehanaew ensosecondsATCHE1994Whe ebaspoducehehghesada onnensy heseevenscanbeassumedo asony1030secondsHockeyandR ew1996Fomuaso ebadamee duaonandhazaddsanceshavebeenpubshedACHE1994w hchaeunconsohe massoheue H oweve nhecaseoap peneupue hemassoue nvovedna ebasd cu opedcs nceheeeaseaeva esw h meAhoughheea eunceanesassocaedw hhe deveopmeno Equaon11heanayseshaw eepe omedsevedodemonsae haheassumponsmadedunghedeveopmenoEquaon11aeappop aeEquaon11canbeuse4opovdeesma onsobun ad ovaousppenedamee sandncdenopeangpessuesH oweve musbesessedhasaesepaaon dsancesdeemnedhoughheuseoEquaon11a eesmaonsTheeae numeousvaabesseveaow hchhavebeenconsdeednhschapew hchw nuencehebun adusassocaedw ha ppeneupu eTheadvana

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6 5 0C m 5 00 4 50 F G 1 P o n S ou c e Me h od A pp e d o P pe n e Ru p u e F G 2 B u n Ra d us C ha 5 00 6 0 0 7 00 8 00 9 00 1 00 0 1 10 0 n c de n O pe a n g P es su e P S A1 4 A u um n 19 99 J O UR NA L OF P P EL N ES AF ET YD s an ce o m P o n So u ce o R ec ep o D Ru p u ed P p e ne 2 2 1 2 B u n Ra d us B R D H 2 R e ce p o 12 00

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n cd en Ac cd en P pe n e Op ea n g so a on T o a Vo um eR ep o n ve s ga n g Da me e P e ss ue m e o G as Nu mb e A ge nc y n ch es h ou s L os s c P9 0H 06 06 T S B 1 27 5 6 9 6 7 2 7 5 3 78 x o 83 0 2 N T SB 2 0 8 34 7 1 4 2 4 68 x O P9 1H 00 41 T S B 2 0 9 33 7 0 7 5 3 1 3x 10 67 9F PO O6 N T SB 3 0 5 74 7 2 8 3 2 01 x 10 8P 90 H1 00 6 T SB 3 0 7 26 7 0 5 8 8 73 x O 95 0 1 N T SB 3 6 9 84 7 2 5 0 2 9 7x 10 8P 94 H0 03 6 T SB 3 6 1 01 4 7 0 6 3 1 48 x o P9 4H 00 03 T S B 4 2 1 22 17 6 67 3 52 x1 08 T AB LE 2 F am e He gh D aa Ac cd en D am ee D a me e R ep o ed F am eR ep o n ve s ga n g D D 12 H eg h HN um be A ge nc y n ch es C D 28 60 09 N TS B 2 0 1 67 3 00 1 80 95 01 N TS B 3 6 3 00 4 50 1 50 77 01 N TS B 2 0 1 6 7 2 0 0 1 20 71 01 N TS B 1 4 1 1 7 1 2 5 1 07 87 0 1 N TS B 3 0 2 5 0 4 5 0 1 80 J OU RN AL O

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