Pipe Pathway Slides

8/3/2019 Pipe Pathway Slides

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Large Diameter Water Distribution Mains

Objective:

To define the dimensions of the pipeline and to determine thepipeline pathway between new reservoir (Res.2) and reversible

pump/Turbine housed in the power plant by considering factorssuch as:

Change in elevation head between Reservoir 2 and the turbine.

Energy Losses.

Prerequisites for turbine team, reservoir team.

Additional Elements of Design. (Valves, Railroad)



Large Diameter Water Distribution Mains

Site Location: Holtwood Dam, Martic,Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17532

Climate: temp,

Elevation: >600+ ft elevations



Terrain Profile



Elevation & Path Profile

Reservoir 2: 509 ft

Powerplant/Turbine: 174 ft

Elevation Difference: (243.9

ft) 335 ft

Hypothenuse Length: 2,215

ft = 675 m

Minor (cut/fill): yd^3 of soil



Pipe Material:

(what grade?) Steel Pipeline

Specs:1000 psi rating,

Coefficient of roughness,

Length = 2215 ft, 675 m

(Picture)(LINING)

Reinforced concrete is normally used as tunnel linings where the

maximum internal water pressure under transient conditions isless than the minimum rock stress by a safety margin of 1,2. Steellinings are used where minimum rock stresses are inadequate toresist the internal water pressures.



Pipeline Pathway Concerns

Horizontal Distance between Reservoir 2 & Turbine

Long waterways = $$

Result in higher hydraulic losses.

Maintenance/Operations Costs



Pipeline Pathway Concerns

Railway Line Solution:

Structural Supports placedevery 20 ft along the length

of the pipeline.

Underground Placement, whynot?



Pipeline Design Criteria

Given: Length, L«. Elevation, Q« Cross Sect. Area, A

Find:

Flow velocity, v: where v = Q/A = 616,793 m^3/h

Diameter, D: Flow velocity, v =

Pressure, p etc. (Shalaby)




Valves: (Type, #, and Energy loss impact)

Flow in pipe: Q = 0.00045 x D2.69 x H0.56

Where Q = Flow in litres per second

D = Internal diameter of pipe in millimetres.

H = Hydraulic gradient = ___Metres headloss of pipe (h)___

Metres of pipelength(L)

(Using this equation, Headloss = « when Q = «)

The headloss figure then be used to specify pumps, or the height of the header tank required.




Team Collaboration:

Turbine:

As we had the option to freely design and optimize the new structural element of the pipeline, such thatthe dimensions of the pipes etc. could be made considerably larger . Capacity increases are possible

and the discharge can be multiplied, to the turbine.

Reservoir:

Fitting the pipeline to the reservoir, section underground.











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Pipe Pathway Slides