Pieter de Hooch

Pieter de HoochEditor: Paul Muljadi

Pieter de Hooch 1

Pieter de Hooch

Musical Party in a Courtyard (1677)

Pieter de Hooch (Dutch pronunciation:�[�pit�r

d� �o�x], also spelled "Hoogh" or

"Hooghe") (December 20, 1629 (baptized) �

24 March 1684 (buried)) was a genre painter

during the Dutch Golden Age. He was a

contemporary of Dutch Master Jan Vermeer,

with whom his work shared themes and

style.

Biography

De Hooch was born in Rotterdam to

Hendrick Hendricksz de Hooch, a

bricklayer, and Annetge Pieters, a midwife.

He was the eldest of five children and

outlived all of his siblings. He studied art in

Haarlem under the landscape painter,

Nicolaes Berchem. Beginning in 1650, he

worked as a painter and servant for a

linen-merchant and art collector named

Justus de la Grange. His service for the

merchant required him to accompany him

on his travels to The Hague, Leiden, and

Delft, to which he eventually moved. It is

likely that de Hooch handed over most of

his works to la Grange during this period in exchange for board and other benefits, as this was a common

commercial arrangement for painters at the time, and a later inventory recorded that la Grange possessed eleven of

his paintings.

De Hooch was married in Delft in 1654 to Jannetje van der Burch, by whom he fathered seven children. While in

Delft, de Hooch is also believed to have learned from the painters Carel Fabritius and Nicolaes Maes, who were both

early members of the Delft School. He became a member of the painters' guild of Saint Luke in 1655, and had

moved to Amsterdam by 1661.

The early work of de Hooch, like most young painters of his time, was mostly composed of scenes of soldiers in

stables and taverns, though he used these to develop great skill in light, color, and perspective rather than to explore

an interest in the subject matter. After starting his family in the mid-1650s, he switched his focus to domestic scenes

and family portraits. His work showed astute observation of the mundane details of everyday life while also

functioning as well-ordered morality tales. These paintings often exhibited a sophisticated and delicate treatment of

light similar to those of Vermeer, who lived in Delft at the same time as de Hooch. 19th century art historians had

assumed that Vermeer had been influenced by de Hooch's work, but the opposite is now believed.

Though he began to paint for wealthier patrons in Amsterdam, he lived in the poorest areas of the city. Around this

time, de Hooch's painting style became coarser and darker in color, and his simple domestic scenes were replaced by

highly-decorated images set in palatial halls and country villas. Most scholars believe that de Hooch's work after

around 1670 became more stylized and deteriorated in quality. It may be that his distress (at age 38, with a young

Pieter de Hooch 2

family) at the death of his wife (in 1667) affected his work. In any case, his health was now deteriorating, and he

died in 1684 in an Amsterdam insane asylum, though the direct cause of his admission there is unknown.

Works

Woman Drinking with Soldiers, 1658, Louvre)

A Couple Walking in the Citizens' Hall of Amsterdam Town Hall (aka

D�part pour la promenade) � circa 1663-65 oil on canvas, Mus�e

des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg

There are currently 84 paintings attributed to de Hooch:

� Arri�re-cour d'une maison hollandaise - 1650-1675,

Louvre, Paris [1]

� The Bedroom - c.1658-60 (canvas), in the National

Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. [2]

� A Boy Handing a Woman a Basket in a Doorway -

c.1660-63 aka A Boy Bringing Bread (canvas) in the

Wallace Collection, London [3]

� Card Players - 1658 (canvas), in the Royal

Collection, Windsor

� Card Players in an Opulent Interior (French:

Joueurs de cartes dans un riche int�rieur) -

1663-1665 (canvas), Louvre, Paris [4]

� Card Players at a Table - c.1670-74 (canvas)

� Children in a Doorway, with 'Colf' Sticks -

c.1658-60 (panel)

� Couple in the Morning - 1665 (canvas)

� Couple with a Parrot - c.1675 (canvas), in the

Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne

� A Couple with Musicians in a Hall - 1663-65

(canvas)

� Courtyard of a Dutch House - 1658 (Oil)

� The Courtyard of a House in Delft - 1658 (canvas),

in the National Gallery, London [5]

� Courtyard with Lady and Serving Maid - c.1660-63

(canvas)

� Family Portrait on a Terrace - 1667 (canvas)

� Figures Drinking in a Courtyard - 1658 (Canvas on

panel)

� Game of Skittles - c.1665 (Oil)

� Garden Scene with Woman Holding a Glass of

Wine, and a Child - c.1658-60

� Guardroom with Smiling Officer, Fluteplayer, and

Soldiers - ???? (panel)

� Interior of a Dutch House - c.1658 (Oil)

� Interior of the Burgomasters' Council Chamber in

the Amsterdam Town Hall, with Visitors - c.1663-65

(canvas)

� Interior with a Young Couple - c. 1660-1665 (canvas), in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City [6]

� A Man Offering a Woman a Glass of Wine - c.1650-55 (panel)

� A Man Reading a Letter to Woman - c.1670-74 (canvas)

Pieter de Hooch 3

� A Man with Dead Birds, and Other Figures, in a Stable - c. 1655 (oil on oak), in the National Gallery, London [7]

� Merry Company - c.1663-65 (canvas)

� Merry Company with a Man and Two Women - c.1668-70 (canvas)

� A Merry Company with Two Men and Two Women - c.1657-58 (panel)

� The Merry Drinker - c.1650 (panel)

� The Minuet - ???? (canvas)

� Mother and Child with a Serving Woman Sweeping - c.1655-57 (panel)

� Mother and Child with a Serving Woman Sweeping - ???? (canvas)

� A Mother and Child with Its Head in Her Lap - c.1658-60 (canvas)

� Mother and Child with Schoolboy Descending a Stair - 1668

� Mother and Infant with Maidservant and a Child - c.1663-65 (canvas)

� Music Party in a Hall, A - c.1663-65 (canvas)

� A Musical Party in a Courtyard - 1677 (oil on canvas), in the National Gallery, London [8]

� Musical Party on a Terrace, with the Town Hall - c.1667 (canvas)

� Musical Party, A - 1674 (canvas)

� An Officer and a Woman Conversing, Soldier at the Window - c.1663-65 (canvas)

� A Party of Figures Around a Table - c.1663-65 (canvas)

� Paying the Hostess - mid-1670s (canvas), in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City [9]

� Portrait of a Family in a Courtyard in Delft - 1657-60 (Oil on canvas)

� Portrait of a Family Making Music - 1663 (canvas)

� Portrait of the Jacott-Hoppesack Family - c.1670 (canvas)

� Saint Peter Liberated from Prison - c.1650-55 (panel)

� Seated Couple with a Standing Woman in a Garden, A - c.1663-65 (canvas)

� Seated Soldier with a Standing Serving Woman, A - c.1652-55 (panel)

� Soldier with an Empty Glass and a Serving Woman, A - c.1650-55 (panel)

� Soldier, Woman, and Messenger - c.1654-57

� Soldiers and Serving Woman with Card Players - c.1665 (Oil on canvas)

� Soldiers Playing Cards - 1657-58 (panel)

� Soldiers with a Flute Player and a Serving Woman - ???? (panel)

� Sportsman and a Lady, A - 1684 (canvas)

� Standing Woman Holding an Infant, with a Woman Beside a Candle - ???? (canvas)

� Trac-Trac Players - c.1652-55 (Oil on panel)

� Two Couples Embracing - c.1673-75 (canvas)

� Two Soldiers and a Serving Woman with Trumpeter - c.1650-55 (panel)

� Two Soldiers and a Woman Drinking in a Courtyard - c.1658-60 (canvas)

� Two Women and a Child in a Courtyard - c.1657-58 (Oil on panel)

� Two Women and a Man Making Music - 1667

� Two Women Beside a Linen Chest, with a Child - 1663 (canvas)

� Two Women in a Courtyard - c.1657-60 (canvas)

� Woman and a Young Man with a Letter, A - 1670 (canvas)

� Woman and Child in a Bleaching Ground, A - c.1657-59 (canvas)

� Woman and Child in an Interior - c.1658 (canvas)

� Woman and Child with a Parrot - 1673

� A Musical Conversation - 1674 Honolulu Academy of Arts [10]

� A Woman and her Maid in a Courtyard - c. 1660-1661 (canvas), in the National Gallery, London [11]

� Woman Carrying a Bucket and Broom in a Courtyard - ???? (canvas)

� Woman Drinking with Soldiers (French: La Buveuse) - 1658, Louvre, Paris [12]

Pieter de Hooch 4

� A Woman drinking with Two Men, and a Maidservant - 1658 (Oil on canvas), in the National Gallery, London

[13]

� Woman Feeding a Parrot, with a Man and Serving Woman - ???? (canvas)

� Woman Lacing Her Bodice Beside a Cradle - c.1661-63 (canvas)

� Woman Nursing an Infant, with a Child and a Dog - c.1658-60 (canvas), in San Francisco

� A Woman Peeling Apples, with a Small Child - c. 1663 (canvas), in the Wallace Collection, London [3]

� A Woman Preparing Bread and Butter for a Boy - c. 1660-1663, in the Getty Center, Los Angeles [14]

� Woman Preparing Vegetables - ???? (panel)

� Woman Reading a Letter by a Window - 1664 (canvas), in the Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

� Woman Reading a Letter, and a Man at a Window, A - c.1668-70 (Canvas on panel)

� Woman Reading, with a Child, A - c.1660-63 (canvas)

� Woman Receiving a Letter from a Man, A - c.1668-70 (Canvas on panel)

� Woman with a Baby in Her Lap, and a Small Child, A - 1658 (panel)

� Woman with a Basket in a Garden, A - c.1651 (canvas)

� Woman with a Lute and a Man with a Flute, A - ???? (canvas)

� Woman Weighing Coins - c.1664 (canvas) Kaiser Friedrich Museum-Verein, Berlin

� Wounded Man - c.1667 (canvas)

Sources

� Encyclop�dia Britannica [15]

References

[1] http:/ / www. insecula. com/ oeuvre/ O0017610. html

[2] http:/ / www. museumsyndicate. com/ item. php?item=6935

[3] http:/ / wallacelive. wallacecollection. org/ eMuseumPlus?service=direct/ 1/ ResultDetailView/ result. tab. link& sp=10& sp=Sartist&

sp=SelementList& sp=0& sp=0& sp=999& sp=SdetailView& sp=0& sp=Sdetail& sp=0& sp=F& sp=SdetailBlockKey& sp=1

[4] http:/ / www. louvre. fr/ llv/ oeuvres/ detail_notice. jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673225625&

CURRENT_LLV_NOTICE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673225625& FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500813&

bmUID=1131360696161& bmLocale=en

[5] http:/ / www. nationalgallery. org. uk/ cgi-bin/ WebObjects. dll/ CollectionPublisher. woa/ wa/ work?workNumber=NG835

[6] http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ Works_of_Art/ viewOne. asp?dep=11& viewMode=1& item=14%2E40%2E613



[9] http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ Works_of_Art/ viewOne. asp?dep=11& viewMode=1& item=58%2E144

[10] http:/ / www. honoluluacademy. org/ cmshaa/ academy/ index. aspx?id=933


[12] http:/ / www. insecula. com/ oeuvre/ O0017617. html


[14] http:/ / www. getty. edu/ art/ collections/ objects/ o852. html

[15] http:/ / www. britannica. com/ eb/ article-9040964/ Pieter-de-Hooch

External links

� "Pieter de Hooch online" (http:/ / www. artcyclopedia. com/ artists/ hooch_pieter_de. html)

� Works and literature on Pieter de Hooch (http:/ / www. pubhist. com/ person/ 153/ pieter-de-hooch)

Article Sources and Contributors 5

Article Sources and ContributorsPieter de Hooch �Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=464783351 �Contributors: Afasmit, AngryVitamin, Clicketyclack, Cst17, D6, DO'Neil, Danny, Deb, Eastfrisian, Everyking,

Fram, Frans Fowler, Frut, Gaius Cornelius, Goldfritha, Grenavitar, Heelmijnlevenlang, Indrian, Insert coins, InvisibleSun, Jamoche, Jane023, Joanenglish, JohnWheater, Kwamikagami,

Lightmouse, Mattis, Michael David, Neddyseagoon, Olivier, Ourladyoffatima777, Paintmgr, Pethan, Pinkville, Postdlf, RCS, Raul654, Rich Farmbrough, Rmhermen, Shadygrove2007, Siyajkak,

Sparkit, Stern, Stomme, Underwaterbuffalo, Wetman, Wpearl, 25 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsImage:Musical Party in a Courtyard by Pieter de Hooch.jpeg �Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Musical_Party_in_a_Courtyard_by_Pieter_de_Hooch.jpeg �License:

Public Domain �Contributors: Aotake, Ham, Jan Arkesteijn, Mattes, Postdlf, Shakko, 1 anonymous edits

Image:Hooch, Woman Drinking with Soldiers.jpg �Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Hooch,_Woman_Drinking_with_Soldiers.jpg �License: Public Domain �Contributors:

Cancre, Jan Arkesteijn, Kilom691, Mattes, Millevache, Olivier2, Postdlf, Zolo

File:Going for a walk mg 0081.jpg �Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Going_for_a_walk_mg_0081.jpg �License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.0

�Contributors: Rama

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