Pictures of Musical Instruments

7/31/2019 Pictures of Musical Instruments

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PICTURES OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

Cymbals are percussion instruments and members of the family of musical instruments known as idiophones. They

are made of bronze and are played by being struck together or by striking a single cymbal with a stick or wire

brush. Ancient cymbals from Assyria date from 800 bc. These cymbals are made by Zildjian in Armenia.

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The cabaça, a Latin American percussion instrument in the idiophone family, is made of wood with steel beads

strung on the outside. It is played by either twisting the cabaça in the air, striking it on the palm, or rotating the

beads back and forth in the palm. The instrument is an adaptation of the Afro-Brazilian cabaça, which is a gourdcovered with small seeds or beads.

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Among the Chopi, who have lived for centuries along the coast of Mozambique, there is a highly developed

tradition of songwriting and composing for timbila (xylophone) orchestras. Elaborate migodo (dance suites),

interspersed with poetic songs pertaining to village life, are often performed to these compositions. Timbila music

is now recognized as the national music of Mozambique.

The Island of Bali has a long and rich tradition of gamelan music. The gamelan is a large ensemble, consisting of

up to 40 musicians playing varying sizes of gongs, xylophones, and drums. It performs for traditional occasions

and ceremonies. This recording of Tabuh Pisan is performed by the Gamelan Orchestra of Batur Temple.

"Tabuh Pisan" from Bali: Music for the Gong Gede (Cat.# Ocora C 559002) (p)1987 Ocora/Radio France. All rights

reserved./George Holton/Photo Researchers, Inc.



This sansa, a type of thumb piano from South America, is related to the mbira of Africa. It is played by plucking the

metal tongues with the thumbs or forefingers. The different lengths of the tongues produce different notes. Many

mbiras are elaborately carved, and some are placed inside a hollowed-out gourd to create greater resonance.

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The gong is a percussion instrument found in music throughout Southeast Asia. When played, it is suspended from

the rim and struck on the center piece, called a “boss,” with a wooden beater that has a cork head. Changes in

pitch are achieved by shaving down either the boss or the rim of the instrument. This example of instrumental

music features an ensemble of four gongs and a drum being played by inhabitants of the southwestern part of

Mindanao, the second largest island in the Philippines.

Dorling Kindersley/"Gong ensemble-Basalan-Kulintang" from Music of the Magindinao in the Phillipines (Cat.#

Folkways FE 4536) (p)1961 Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. All rights reserved.

© 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.



The tabor was a popular medieval European drum. It was used as an accompaniment to dancing and also as an

instrument in military bands. The tabor was supported by a strap worn over the shoulder. The drummer then beat

the drum with a stick held in one hand and played a pipe with the other hand. The tabor is still used occasionally as

a folk instrument.Dorling Kindersley

The kalengo is a waisted drum from Nigeria. It is known as a “talking” drum, because its sound imitates the tonal

quality of many West African languages. The kalengo is played by beating a curved stick against one of the heads.

The drummer can alter the pitch of the kalengo by pressing the cords, which changes the tension of the head.

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The darabuka is a goblet drum from the Middle East. The goblet drum, named for its shape, is often decorated

elaborately. This example from Egypt features geometric inlaid designs in tortoiseshell and mother-of-pearl. The

bodies of these drums are made of wood or pottery; the heads are skin. The drummer plays the darabuka by

striking the center and edges of the head with both hands.

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The tambourine is a small frame drum that originated in the Middle East. The instrument is constructed of a single

membrane stretched over a circular rim, which usually has metal jingle disks attached. It can be played in one of

three ways: tapping the membrane with the fingers, shaking the instrument, or striking it against the body.



These hand-held drums are two examples of rattle drums, which are a type of frame drum. The Indian version has

a single head made from a stretched skin that is struck by the two pellets when the handle is shaken. The same

process is used with the Chinese t’ao-ku, which has five heads and is about 3000 years old.

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These hand-held drums are two examples of rattle drums, which are a type of frame drum. The Indian version has

a single head made from a stretched skin that is struck by the two pellets when the handle is shaken. The same

process is used with the Chinese t’ao-ku, which has five heads and is about 3000 years old.

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This raft zither from Nigeria is made of bamboo pieces from which strips are cut to create strings. The bamboo

pieces are tied together and placed over a hollow gourd, which acts as a resonator. There are two kinds of zithers:

flat and long. The raft zither belongs to the flat group.

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The valiha is a simple tube zither from Madagascar. It is a wide piece of bamboo with pieces cut from it to formstrings; in some cases, wire strings are substituted. Small pieces of wood are inserted under the strings to aid in

vibration. The valiha is played by plucking the strings with the fingers.

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Pictures of Musical Instruments