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Pick up handout from the front chair.
Begin reading the first excerpt
- Write a summary sentence
Homework due Monday:1.Prepare for DBQ (prompt on homework-
website)2.Complete Election of 1896 document
questions (on website) 3.Complete “Electing the President 1896”
– read article and answer questions(on website)
Complete Review questions for Unit (due Wednesday)
Key Terms: Grange Populism People’s party Mechanization
Essential Question: Why and how did the American farmer propose to curb the growing power of Big Business?
http://www.history.com/shows/modern-marvels/videos/modern-farm-tractors-provide-comforts#modern-farm-tractors-provide-comforts
Political Cartoon of Farmers vs. the RailroadsCartoon of a farmer fighting a train shaped like a serpent, with the caption "Which Will Win? The Farmer or the Railroad Monster?" The railroad's coils are wrapped around the dome of the U.S. Capitol.
http://www.corbisimages.com/stock-photo/rights-managed/IH165409/political-cartoon-of-farmers-vs-the-railroads
o Farmers borrow money from banks to buy new machinery o Reliance on technology rather than
manual labor was known as agricultural mechanization
o Use of machines resulted in overproduction (too much agricultural products) and caused crop prices to fallo Farmers could not pay costs
(increased debt)
Agriculture was hurting after the Civil WarFalling farm
pricesUnregulated
railroadsIncreased
agricultural production in the west
$0.00$0.50$1.00$1.50$2.00$2.50$3.00$3.50$4.00$4.50
1864
1866
1868
1870
WheatPrices
• Farmers blame politicians and big businesses• Want government to regulate
railroads (said overcharging them to ship goods) • Interstate Commerce Act: created
Interstate Commerce Commission and regulated railroad rates
• Wanted gov. to provide subsidies• Gov. pay farmers money to cover their
losses due to overproduction
Supported use of greenbacks (paper money)
Wanted dollar based on silver standard and gold standard (bimetallism) Believed would put more money in hands of
consumers (increase farm prices)
Formation of agriculture organization The Grange (Patrons of Husbandry)
Goals: Promoted the economic, social and
political welfare of the farmer Fought monopolies (railroads) Supported equality for women
Song
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1875 1885 1895 1905 1915
Grange Membership
The National Grange is active in the 37 purple states and DC
Populism (The People’s Party)• The concern over the farmers eventually gave rise to the Populist
Movement• Populism embraced what farmers wanted, it supported the
circulation of greenbacks (paper currency)• In 1892, under the official name of the People’s Party, the Populists
met in Omaha, Nebraska• Here they formed the Omaha Platform. Politically, Populism
appealed to the common man• It was a movement that praised agriculture as the backbone of the
country and favored farmers of the South and Wes• It also sought to break down racial divisions between white and
black farmers. Populists preached these 2 groups must unit to beat oppression of big business and corrupt politicians
Populist Platform
Supported bimetallism ($ supported by silver & goldUse of greenbacks Increased gov. regulation of business8 hour work dayGraduated income taxElection reforms
Direct election of Senators and president Secret ballot
Election of 1896• As the country approached the presidential election of 1896, it was
experiencing one of the worse economic depressions ever.• As the depression deepened in 1894, more and more people blamed
President Cleveland for the worsening condition.• Cleveland blamed the silver standard for the nation’s economic woes
and returned the US to a strict gold standard– This meant the dollar could only be backed by gold. Many people
argued it should be based on silver too. By backing money with gold & silver, money would be more plentiful
– This position supported bimetallism – Eventually populists agreed to support bimetallism and greenbacks– The silver question became a major issue of the 1896 campaign
Election of 1896
William Jennings Bryan Backed bimetallism Won the Populist vote
Democrat party vote was divided and did not win enough votes
William McKinley Won the election Marked the end
of the Populist Party
Democrats Republicans
Election 1896
• Bryan, in his famous “Cross of Gold” speech, stated you shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold
• Despite his abilities as a speaker and a national campaigner, Bryan could not overcome splits in the Democratic party to win enough votes.
• Republican William McKinley won the presidential election of 1896
• Populism faded soon after
Document Analysis
Document 1- song “Farmer is the Man”
Document 2- William Jennings Bryan, “Cross of Gold”
Document 3 – Populist Party Platform
Document 4 – 1896 Populists Party Platform
http://www5.esc13.net/socialstudies/docs/era%206/populism_lesson_plan.pdf Populism lesson plan
Farmers lesson ppt http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/agexed/aee501/organizations.html
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/us25.cfm data analysis - Digital HS
http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/ext/am_hist/AmerHis-ch12.html#timeline resources (primary/secondary)
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/subtitles.cfm?titleID=30 political crisis articles
http://www.pinzler.com/ushistory/popparplatsupp.html people’s party (preamble)
http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_us_hist_frq.pdf DBQ
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=159 farmers and wizard of oz
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2itQkiQUOE&feature=related Wizard of Oz clip 6/8
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=DE8A6C9A-3174-44DD-BBFC-10A957D1440C&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US
Homesteading: 70 years on the Great Plains, 1862-1932 The Mid-1800s: Laying the Groundwork for
Homesteading. (01:56) The Machine Age. (03:18) "I Live Entirely on Food Made of Corn": Agriculture
on the Homestead.