PHYTO CHEMICAL SCREENING AND ISOLATION OF COUMARIN COMPOUNDS FROM MEDICINAL PLANT VACHA BARK

Jamonline / 2(2); 2012 / 149–154 EVN Raju et al

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Research Article

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PHYTO CHEMICAL SCREENING AND ISOLATION OF COUMARIN COMPOUNDS FROM MEDICINAL PLANT VACHA BARK

Raju EVN *1, Chinnari Harika 2, Sandhya Neelima Koltikala3, Sirisha M1, Sandeep Kumar K1, Veera Reddy G1, Kavitha Madhuri M 1, Sai Phani KASVR4

1MITS College of Pharmacy, Kodad, Nalgonda District, Andhra Pradesh, India. 2Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Achrya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, A.P.

3RV Labs, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. 4DNR College of Engineering and Technology, Bhimavaram, West Godavari District, A.P

Received on: 02-03-2012 Revised on: 20-03-2012 Accepted on: 29–03–2012

Abstract:

Vacha plant is medicinally useful plant. In order our phytochemical screening we identified a

coumarins in Vacha plant. We are extracted and isolated coumarin and identified a compound in the

Vacha bark.

Key Words: Vacha Plant, Bark, Coumarin, IR and NMR Spectra.

Introduction:

VACHA is one of the most renowned herbs

used for mental disorders and diseases of the

nervous system. In Sanskrit Vacha literally

means speaking. It is a strongly aromatic,

semi-aquatic perennial herb with a ginger-like

stem which spreads into the ground. This

rhizome part of the plant is of medicinal use.

Vacha is one of the rare medicines which find

mention in the Vedas. Later day acharyas

worked to find more of its benefits not only to

the brain and the nervous system but also to

other parts of the body. It has been described

as bitter and pungent in taste and hot, sharp,

dry and light in effect. Dry rhizomes of vacha

* Corresponding author

Raju EVN,

Email: [email protected]



contain yellow aromatic oil which is volatile.

It also has a bitter substance known as acorin.

In the ayurvedic system Vacha is used as a

tonic and an anti-stammering drug.

Experimental studies have shown that it is a

potent psycho-pharmacological agent having

a positive effect on the memory and the

learning process. Many ancient texts have

described Vacha as an anti epileptic and anti-

hysteric herb. It is also known to possess

carminative, digestive, diuretic and mildly

sedative properties. Though as a psychotropic

medicine Vacha is beneficial in cases of

anxiety and depression, it is best used as a

nervine tonic. Ayurvedic texts suggest that it

is the premium herb to be used in cases of

mental retardation, stupor, syncope and

epilepsy. It is helpful in many other problems

like anorexia, chronic gas trouble, and

hypertension, sluggishness of the liver— and

also in skin diseases. As a household remedy

some of the common uses of Vacha are as

under: Combine in equal amounts the

powders of Vacha, shankhpushpi and brahmi.

Half a teaspoonful of this powder mixed with

one teaspoonful of honey, if taken daily, is a

good adjunct in the cases of epilepsy and

mental retardation. Taking with warm water,

half a pinch of the vacha powder works well

in the loss of appetite, flatulence, distaste, dull

abdominal pain and worms. It is a herb of

choice to be used in the case of loud

eructations. The powder of Vacha and white

sandal makes a very effective face-pack in the

treatment of blemishes and pimples. In many

Indian homes, customarily, Vacha is

administered with honey in a minute quantity

to infants on the 11th and 21st days of birth. It

is believed that this practice helps the child to

be mentally active and vocal.

Classic ayurvedic formulations like

sarswatarishta and sarswata churna contain

vacha as the chief ingredient and are used for

the promotion of memory and also in the

treatment of many psychiatric problems. As a

single drug, the dose of Vacha powder is 125

mg to 500 mg. Its overdose can induce

vomiting and such a situation can be managed

by giving the powder of saunf with lime

water. Different varieties of Vacha are

available in the market, but the best of them is

known as ghorha bach.

Materials and Methods

The plant Vacha is collected from Ayurvedha

hospital in kerala. The plant bark was dried

under sun shade and powdered, extracted in

different solvents by soxlate extraction

procedure. Initially we used Non polar solvent

for removing of unsaturated fat, starch and

extra non-useful chemical constitutions. Later

we kept soxalate extraction in polar solvent.

Methanol evaporated with roto vapor.

Coumarins are isolated with standard

protocol2. Compound is in pale yellow color.

The obtained extraction is recrystalised in

Methanol. The compound was sent to IICT

Hyderabad for spectral data.



Results and Discussions

Spectral data:

IR Spectra:

Figure 1

PNMR Spectra:

Figure 2



Node Shift Base+Inc. Comment

CH 6.98 7.26 1-benzene


OH 5.0 5.0 Aromatic C-OH

CH3 1.71 0.86 Methyl

NH 8.0 8.0 Sec. amide

CH 5.05 1.5 Methine







H 5.90 5.25 1-ethylene

H 8.37 5.25 1-ethylene

Table 1 Spectral data of PNMR

CNMR Spectrum:

Figure 3



Node Shift Base+Inc. Comment

C 160.9 166 1-carboxyl

CH 112.5 123.3 1-ethylene

C 152.8 123.3 1-ethylene

C 113.6 128.5 1-benzene

CH 127.4 128.5 1-benzene

CH 112.5 128.5 1-benzene

C 157.9 128.5 1-benzene

C 118.2 128.5 1-benzene

C 146.9 128.5 1-benzene

Table 2 Spectral data of CNMR

Mass Spectra:

Figure 4

From above spectral data the final structure

was constructed.

Figure 5 Structure of Coumarin



Conclusion

The plant VACHA has coumarin compounds

in bark. So this plant more applicable in

disease treatment.

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PHYTO CHEMICAL SCREENING AND ISOLATION OF COUMARIN COMPOUNDS FROM MEDICINAL PLANT VACHA BARK