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The Problem Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control The Problem Land and water limitations Food shortages as a result of population growth Poorly controllable sustainability and profitability Lack of an on-line information channels about the current crop status. Disconnected character of the existing information sources. The Problem
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Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control
Company Overview The Problem Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control The Problem
Land and water limitations Food shortages as a result of population
growth Poorly controllable sustainability and profitability Lack of
an on-line information channels about the current crop status.
Disconnected character of the existing information sources. The
Problem The Needs Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL The Needs Tailored soil and crop
management to fit the specific conditions found within a plantation
or agricultural field (Precision Agricultural). Precise control of
crop water status and growth in order to provide timely and
discriminate application of water with fertilizers and other
controllable factors Ability to observe instantly and remotely the
current crop status as well as its recent trend A single
computerized on line information channel, which replace a variety
of disconnected information sources about the current crop status
and growth. The solution PhyTalk system
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL The solution PhyTalk system The Solution
Phytalk System (citrus)
PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control
Phytalk System (citrus) 1 x RS-ATH-5R Air Temperature and Humidity
Sensor (-10 to 50 C ; 0 to 100 %RH) Stationary Data Concentrator 2
x RS-FI-M Fruit Growth Sensor (15 to 70 mm) 1 x RS-DE-1R
Dendrometer (0 to 10 mm) 2 x RSD-SMS-2R Soil Moisture Sensor (0 to
50 vol. %) OR RS-TM-2R Twin Tensiometer (0 to 84 cbar) PhytoGraph
Software PhyTalk Software Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Graphical Software
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PhyTalk Software Graphical Software
Multi-axis charts Shows both measured and derived calculated
variables Presents both instant and daily average values Uniqueness
of the system
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Uniqueness of the system The result of
interdisciplinary R&D works, carried out by outstanding experts
on many crops during many years. Almost every component has a
certain advantage over commercial analogs. Complex combination of
hardware, software, application techniques, and know-how. This
allows to attribute the product to the category of on line
information and decision-support system for crop growing. The
Market Landscape Advantages
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL The Market Landscape Advantages
solutions developed by Phytech Citrus: Time to Market protocol
based on fruit size. Avocado: Precise irrigation according to the
actual plant needs for optimal production Vegetables: Tuning
irrigation and climate control in greenhouses on the basis of
measured plant water status and fruit growth Wine Grapes: Precise
irrigation according to desired irrigation strategy by using stem
growth trendbefore veraison and water potential at post-veraison
(advanced alternative to pressure chamber). The Market PhyTech
Advantages Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PhyTech Advantages Proven success in the
field for many years Our products are commercially available. Our
products and approach are well known and established. Focus on the
needs of the users. Experienced crop monitoring involvement.
Summary Proven technology Proven economical model
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Summary Proven technology Proven
economical model Wide base of pleased customers Extensive data from
real crops Solutions and agronomical support available directly
from Phytech experts. Avocado Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Avocado After years of practice in
avocado we realize that dendrometers give the most accurateand
up-to-date picture of the tree's water status in avocado. Growers
that integratedendrometer data, with soil moisture and climate
parameters, have the optimalinformation platform to understand and
to react to the tree's needs. What is a Dendrometer ? Dendrometer -
an electronic sensor mounted on the trunk of the tree and allows
forcontinuous monitoring of changes in its trunk radius. Plant
growth and water plant balance affect diurnal behavior of trunk
radius. The growthrate depends on a vegetation stage and state,
climatic conditions and soil moisture levels .The diurnal
variations represent mostly fluctuations of water content in the
plants. Daily contraction amplitude Amplitude and trends of such
variations is proportional to water deficit. Thus, the daily
contraction amplitude (DCA) and trend of growth may be used as a
criterion for scheduling of irrigation. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Dendrometer on trees trunk Daily
contraction amplitude
Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM
crop management control Two parameters are commonly used for
evaluating plant waterstatus: daily contraction amplitude (DCA) and
trend of daily growth. Daily contraction amplitude (DCA) Trend of
daily growth Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Effect of
irrigation frequency on trunk behavior Hass trees, Kibbutz Ramat
Hashofet, Israel Two irrigation regime in subsequent years, in the
same plot: 2009 irrigation twice a week, 2010 daily irrigation
Daily Irrigation Irrigation twice a week predication graph without
irrigation
Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM
crop management control Irrigation in the winter period predication
graph without irrigation Comparison of variants with epizodical
watering at February 4, against the variant without irrigation
(waiting for the rain) shows the possible loss of the fruit
diameter of about 0.25 mm in 2-3 days. For several months, this
situation could be repeated many times. The loss of the fruit can
reach a diameter of several millimeters. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Correlation between fruit weight and
diameter Loss of the fuit diameter as a result of inaccurate
irrigation in winter and at other periods of the year may reach a
few millimeters. Fine-tuning irrigation by phytomonitoring
technology prevents unwanted loss of growth of the fruit. The
effectiveness of fine-tuning irrigation can be determined by the
correlation between weight of the fruit and its diameter. Simple
calculations show that in obtaining the additional increase in the
fruit diameter even 3 mm, yield can increase in therange from 150
to 400 kg from one dunam. In most cases, it ranges from 10 to 20%
of the total yield. Mango Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Mango Mango Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Mango Mango trunk diameter growth in
unstable climatic condition
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Mango trunk diameter growth in unstable
climatic condition Ramat Magshimim, Mature trees, Shelli varieties
Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Two principal calculation of trunk
diameter daily contraction (DCA): Base reference line using and
traditional calculation (Max-Min) Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Two principal calculation of trunk
diameter daily contraction: Base reference line using (blue line)
and traditional calculation (Max-Min, red line) Persimmon Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Persimmon Phytomonitoring observations
were carried out on Triumph variety in ten orchards Beit Oren, Tel
Nof , Hosen, Kfar Hitim, Sde Nizzan, Gan Efraim (Beit Ariza Mor
Perot Hasharon), Malkia, Zrifin (Pri Or Mehadrin), Nordia ( ) South
Africa ( ) Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Objectives:
Determination of the characteristic periods of plant growth and
development Determination of the Phytomonitoring indices for
adjusting irrigation regimes in every particular period
Recommendation for application in irrigation practice
Phytomonitoring may help to answer the following questions: When to
start irrigation season How to irrigate at air drought (khamsin)
How to adjust irrigation during every characteristic period of the
growth season How to irrigate after harvest PHYTOMONITORING in CROP
GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM
crop management control Adjustment of irrigation schedule: Seasonal
shape must be taken into consideration! Trunk Fruit Typical
seasonal growth curve and characteristic periods
Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH
CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control
Typical seasonal growth curve and characteristic periods IRRIGATION
TASK Irrigation start Meet increasing demand in water Meet
increasing demand in water Adjustment Adjustment -10% irrigation
water Norm +10-15% irrigation water Norm RIPENING FRUIT GROWTH
BUDBRAKE BLOOM FRUITSET PLANT STATUS INDEX Trunk growth rate Trunk
growth rate (basic) Fruit growth rate (auxiliary) Trunk growth rate
Fruit growth rate Fruit growth rate Three treatments with
difference irrigation
PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control
Irrigation adjustment Three treatments with difference irrigation
According water demand +12% water for all treatments -10% water for
all treatments 100% 120% 80 % Cultar Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH
CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Cultar Fruit diameter open field and net house comparison (Bet Oren
2007)
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Fruit diameter open field and net house comparison (Bet Oren 2007)
Fruit diameter and weight
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Fruit diameter and weight Crop irrigation coefficient and running
total amount of water
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Crop irrigation coefficient and running total amount of water Nov
Oct Sept August July June May April Decade 0.3 0.75 0.65 0.7 0.5
0.35 0.2 1 0.6 0.37 0.25 2 0.42 3 0.27 0.67 0.38 Average 3.3 4.8
6.3 6.7 7.5 7.4 5.3 Penman, Eo, mm/day 4 4.7 4.5 2.8 2.3 Required
daily irrigation, mm 20 100 123 145 140 85 70 30 Month irrigation,
mm 713 693 593 470 325 185 Running total, mm Fruit diameter more
60mm, ton/dun
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PHYTOMONITORING in CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Irrigation norm and persimmon yield comparison:plot 5 traditional
irrigation, plot 6 irrigation according Phytomonitoring Export
percentage Fruit diameter more 60mm, ton/dun Yield, ton/dun
Irrigation, m3/dun Year Plot 6 Plot 5 71 69 1.88 1.82 2.1 2.6 750
830 2006 77 74 1.53 3.16 3.15 706 876 2007 70 73 1.58 1.61 3.8 3.4
570 790 2008 72 1.66 1.65 3.1 3.05 676 832 Average -20% Water
conservation Almond Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Almond
Strategy of almond irrigation has three basic conditions: yield
increase, almond kernel of larger diameter and kernel desirable
quality. Researches of local and foreign experts show, that the
increase of seasonal irrigation norm leads to growth of almond
yield. In according to Asher Aizenkot (Israel) the increase of
seasonal irrigation norm from 350 m3/dun up to 500 m3/dun provides
yield increasing from 170 up to 220 kg/dun. The increase of
irrigation norm up to 850 m3/dun provides an increase of yield
already up to 280 kg/dun. Directly proportional dependence between
irrigating water norm and yield of almonds are established also by
other researchers (David A. Goldhammer, Terry Prichard, Black
Sanden). On the other hand the yield increases provide some
reduction of fruit diameter, and also their qualities. Phytech Ltd.
- CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Materials and methods Phytech Ltd. -
CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Comparison
of trunk growth depending irrigation norm in different plant phase
development Period with the same irrigation norm
Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM
crop management control Comparison of trunk growth and daily
contraction depending irrigation norm in fruit growth phase
development. Period with the same irrigation norm Phytech Ltd. -
CROP GROWTH CONTROL
Phytech Ltd. -PhytomonitoringTM crop management control Phytech
Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Calculation the true Daily contraction
amplitude very important fore make the right decision to
adjustirrigation. We propose calculation method on the use of Base
reference line. Example on the pictures shownthat traditional
method (Max morning-Min afternoon) againstpropose method can lead
to significant error in estimation of true Daily contraction.
Comparative calculation have shown that at high vapor pressure
deficit (VPD) difference in the calculationmay reach tens
microns.