Physics Syllabus

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Syllabus for upsc 2015 physics mains

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PHYSICSPAPER - I1. (a) Mechanics of Particles:Laws of motion; conservation of energyand momentum, applications to rotatingframes, centripetal and Coriolis accelera-tions; Motion under a central force;Conservation of angular momentum,Keplers laws; Fields and potentials;Gravitational field and potential due tospherical bodies, Gauss and Poissonequations, gravitational self-energy; Two-bodyproblem;Reducedmass;Rutherford scattering; Centre of massand laboratory reference frames.(b) Mechanics of Rigid Bodies:System of particles; Centre of mass,angular momentum, equations of motion;Conservation theorems for energy,momentum and angular momentum;Elastic and inelastic collisions; Rigidbody; Degrees of freedom, Eulers theo-rem, angular velocity, angular momen-tum, moments of inertia, theorems of par-allel and perpendicular axes, equation ofmotion for rotation; Molecular rotations(as rigid bodies); Di and tri-atomic mole-cules; Precessional motion; top, gyro-scope.(c) Mechanics of Continuous Media:Elasticity, Hookes law and elastic con-stants of isotropic solids and their inter-relation; Streamline (Laminar) flow, vis-cosity, Poiseuilles equation, Bernoullisequation, Stokes law and applications.(d) Special Relativity:Michelson-Morley experiment and itsimplications; Lorentz transformations-length contraction, time dilation, additionof relativistic velocities, aberration andDoppler effect, mass-energy relation,simple applications to a decay process;Four dimensional momentum vector;Covariance of equations of physics.2. Waves and Optics:(a) Waves:Simple harmonic motion, damped oscilla-tion, forced oscillation and resonance;Beats; Stationary waves in a string;Pulses and wave packets; Phase andgroupvelocities;ReflectionandRefraction from Huygens principle.(b) Geometrical Optics:Laws of reflection and refraction fromFermats principle; Matrix method inparaxial optics-thin lens formula, nodalplanes, system of two thin lenses, chro-matic and spherical aberrations.(c) Interference:Interference of light-Youngs experiment,Newtons rings, interference by thin films,Michelson interferometer; Multiple beaminterference and Fabry-Perot interferom-eter.(d) Diffraction:Fraunhofer diffraction-single slit, doubleslit, diffraction grating, resolving power;Diffraction by a circular aperture and theAiry pattern; Fresnel diffraction: half-peri-od zones and zone plates, circular aper-ture.(e) Polarization and Modern Optics:Production and detection of linearly andcircularly polarized light; Double refrac-tion, quarter wave plate; Optical activity;Principles of fibre optics, attenuation;Pulse dispersion in step index and para-bolic index fibres; Material dispersion,single mode fibres; Lasers-Einstein A andB coefficients; Ruby and He-Ne lasers;Characteristics of laser light-spatial andtemporal coherence; Focusing of laserbeams; Three-level scheme for laser operation; Holography and simple applications

3. Electricity and Magnetism:(a) Electrostatics and Magnetostatics:Laplace and Poisson equations in elec-trostatics and their applications; Energyof a system of charges, multipole expan-sion of scalar potential; Method of imagesand its applications; Potential and fielddue to a dipole, force and torque on adipole in an external field; Dielectrics,polarization; Solutions to boundary-valueproblems-conducting and dielectricspheres in a uniform electric field;Magnetic shell, uniformly magnetizedsphere; Ferromagnetic materials, hys-teresis, energy loss.(b) Current Electricity:Kirchhoffs laws and their applications;Biot-Savart law, Amperes law, Faradayslaw, Lenz law; Self-and mutual-induc-tances; Mean and r m s values in AC cir-cuits; DC and AC circuits with R, L and Ccomponents; Series and parallel reso-nances; Quality factor; Principle of trans-former.(c) Electromagnetic Waves andBlackbody Radiation:Displacement current and Maxwellsequations; Wave equations in vacuum,Poynting theorem; Vector and scalarpotentials; Electromagnetic field tensor,covariance of Maxwells equations; Waveequations in isotropic dielectrics, reflec-tion and refraction at the boundary of twodielectrics; Fresnels relations; Total inter-nal reflection; Normal and anomalous dis-persion; Rayleigh scattering; Blackbodyradiation and Plancks radiation law,Stefan-Boltzmann law, Wiens displace-ment law and Rayleigh-Jeans law.4. Thermal and Statistical Physics:(a) Thermodynamics:Laws of thermodynamics, reversible andirreversibleprocesses,entropy;Isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric, isochoricprocesses and entropy changes; Ottoand Diesel engines, Gibbs phase ruleand chemical potential; van der Waalsequation of state of a real gas, criticalconstants; Maxwell-Boltzman distributionof molecular velocities, transport phe-nomena, equipartition and virial theo-rems; Dulong-Petit, Einstein, andDebyes theories of specific heat ofsolids; Maxwell relations and applica-tions; Clausius- Clapeyron equation;Adiabatic demagnetisation, Joule-Kelvineffect and liquefaction of gases.(b) Statistical Physics:Macro and micro states, statistical distri-butions, Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac distributions,applications to specific heat of gases andblackbody radiation; Concept of negativetemperatures.

PAPER - II1. Quantum Mechanics:Wave-particle dualitiy; Schroedingerequation and expectation values;Uncertainty principle; Solutions of theone-dimensional Schroedinger equationfor a free particle (Gaussian wave-pack-et), particle in a box, particle in a finitewell, linear harmonic oscillator; Reflectionand transmission by a step potential andby a rectangular barrier; Particle in athree dimensional box, density of states,free electron theory of metals; Angularmomentum; Hydrogen atom; Spin halfparticles, properties of Pauli spin matri-ces.2. Atomic and Molecular Physics:Stern-Gerlach experiment, electron spin,fine structure of hydrogen atom; L-S cou-pling, J-J coupling; Spectroscopic nota-tion of atomic states; Zeeman effect;Frank-Condon principle and applications;Elementary theory of rotational, vibraton-al and electronic spectra of diatomic mol-ecules; Raman effect and molecularstructure; Laser Raman spectroscopy;Importance of neutral hydrogen atom,molecular hydrogen and molecularhydrogen ion in astronomy; Fluorescenceand Phosphorescence; Elementary theo-ry and applications of NMR and EPR;Elementary ideas about Lamb shift andits significance.

3. Nuclear and Particle Physics:Basic nuclear properties-size, bindingenergy, angular momentum, parity, mag-netic moment; Semi-empirical mass for-mula and applications, mass parabolas;Ground state of deuteron, magneticmoment and non-central forces; Mesontheory of nuclear forces; Salient featuresof nuclear forces; Shell model of thenucleus - successes and limitations;Violation of parity in beta decay; Gammadecay and internal conversion;Elementary ideas about Mossbauerspectroscopy; Q-value of nuclear reac-tions; Nuclear fission and fusion, energyproduction in stars; Nuclear reactors.Classification of elementary particles andtheir interactions; Conservation laws;Quark structure of hadrons; Field quantaof electroweak and strong interactions;Elementary ideas about unification offorces; Physics of neutrinos.4. Solid State Physics, Devices andElectronics:Crystalline and amorphous structure ofmatter; Different crystal systems, spacegroups; Methods of determination of crys-tal structure; X-ray diffraction, scanningand transmission electron microscopies;Band theory of solids - conductors, insu-lators and semiconductors; Thermalproperties of solids, specific heat, Debyetheory; Magnetism: dia, para and ferro-magnetism; Elements of superconductivi-ty, Meissner effect, Josephson junctionsand applications; Elementary ideas abouthigh temperature superconductivity.Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors; p-n-p and n-p-n transistors; Amplifiers andoscillators; Op-amps; FET, JFET andMOSFET; Digital electronics-Booleanidentities, De Morgans laws, logic gatesand truth tables; Simple logic circuits;Thermistors, solar cells; Fundamentals ofmicroprocessors and digital computers.

QMo Introduction to Quantum Mechanics by David J. Griffithso Satyaprakash/ Ghatak and LonganathanAtomic and Molecular Physicso Eisberg and resnicko Rajkumaro BanwellNuclear and particle physicso S B Patel/ D C Tayalo Pandya and yadavo Resnick and EisbergSolid state physicso Puri and babbaro Resnick and Eisbergo S O PillaiMechanicso Mechanics by D.S. MathuroAn Introduction to Mechanics by Kleppner and Kolenkowo Classical Mechanics by Goldsteino Relativity Resnick, SatyaprakashWaves and Opticso Ghatako HechtElectrodynamicso D. J. Griffithso Satyaprakash Thermodynamicso Zemansky and Dittmano Sears and Salingero Satyaprakash