SPECIAL THEORY

OFRELATIVITY

PRINCIPLE OF RELATIVITY

SQUASHED SPACE

STRECHED TIME

PHOTO-FACT ALBUM

HISTORY

MASS IN MOTION

TIME AS FOURTH DIMENSION

In 1905, Einstein published the first of two important papers on the theory of relativity, in which he dismissed the problem of absolute motion by denying its existence. According to Einstein, no particular object in the universe is suitable as an absolute frame of reference that is at rest with respect to space. Any object (such as the center of the solar system) is a suitable frame of reference, and the motion of any object can be referred to that frame. Thus, it is equally correct to say that a train moves past the station, or that the station moves past the train. The equations for this theory, known as the Lorentz transformation equations, were adopted by Einstein.

HISTORYHISTORY

“THERE IS NO MEASUREMENT ONECAN MAKE WHICH WILL TELL WHETHER ONE IS STATIONARY OR MOVING SMOOTHLY.”

Galileo contributed a lot to this principle which formed the basis of Einstein’s Relativity.

In general, suppose in a cricket match, a bowler runs with speed of 5m/s and throws ball at speed of 10m/s, then the ball will move at 10+5 = 15m/s. If it weren’t for Albert one would expect that if a bowler shine a torch instead of throwinga ball the result would be a light-beam that travelled at the normal speed of light plus the speed of the bowler’s run. But Albert’s theory means that this isn’t true. even if the bowler runs towards the batsman at the speed of light and shines the torch ahead, and if the batsman measures the speed of the torchlight, the answer will still be only 300 million meters per second (speed of light).

This odd fact, has been proved right many times, affects light. It isn’t true for sound. For Example, if you go Faster than the speed of sound you can escape From sound. This is what happens in supersonicPlanes. But you can never escape from a light ray. However fast you run, it will always shine at You, and will always be travelling at the sameSpeed when it does.

BUT WHY? How can we explain this strange fact?Albert explained it with a clock...................................A LIGHT CLOCK.

This sort of clock is only imaginary. In this clock the box you see is a light ray. Light ray bounces between mirrors. Each time it bounces, count one tick.

If the mirrors are 30cm apart the clock will tick a thousand million times a second.

For the person traveling at that speed.

He gave an equation to explain the stretched time:

Time was regarded as the fourth dimension by Albert in which every one of us travel relative to our velocities. For eg. If a person travels at a very high speed, time slows down for him in respect to observer with relatively less speed. But the person traveling at high speed, time would pass at normally since his mind also slow down. Same is true for length and mass.

Albert theoretically found out that

GIVEN BY THE EQUATION

Albert concluded that matter going at real high speeds experience increase in mass given by equation

He said that energy of a moving object gets converted into mass which led him to most famous equation of the century.