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Physics 1251 The Science and Technology of Musical Sound. Unit 4 Session 41 MWF MIDI. Physics 1251Unit 4 Session 41 MIDI. What is the maximum frequency that can be represented by data that was digitized at a sampling rate of 10 kHz?. By the Nyquist Criterion: f max = ½ R Or 5 kHz. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Physics 1251Physics 1251The Science and The Science and
Technology of Musical Technology of Musical SoundSound
Physics 1251Physics 1251The Science and The Science and
Technology of Musical Technology of Musical SoundSound
Unit 4Unit 4
Session 41 MWFSession 41 MWF
MIDIMIDI
Unit 4Unit 4
Session 41 MWFSession 41 MWF
MIDIMIDI
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
What is the maximum frequency that What is the maximum frequency that can be represented by data that can be represented by data that was digitized at a sampling rate of was digitized at a sampling rate of 10 kHz?10 kHz?
By the Nyquist Criterion:By the Nyquist Criterion:
ffmaxmax = ½ R = ½ R
Or 5 kHz.Or 5 kHz.
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
11′ Lecture:′ Lecture:• MIDI is the acronym for “MIDI is the acronym for “MMusical usical
IInstrument nstrument DDigital igital IInterface.”nterface.”• MIDI is a control protocol that uses MIDI is a control protocol that uses
binary codes to remotely control binary codes to remotely control electronic musical instruments.electronic musical instruments.
• MIDI uses a current loop to MIDI uses a current loop to communicate in which current communicate in which current flowing means “0” and no current flowing means “0” and no current means “1.”means “1.”
• The Electronic wind instrument (EWI), The Electronic wind instrument (EWI), Electronic Valve Instrument (EVI) and Electronic Valve Instrument (EVI) and Electronic String Instrument (ESI) use Electronic String Instrument (ESI) use MIDI for control.MIDI for control.
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
80/2080/20Digitization is the process of Digitization is the process of converting a waveform into a series converting a waveform into a series of binary numbers that represent the of binary numbers that represent the amplitude of the signal at equal amplitude of the signal at equal intervals of time.intervals of time.
Pre
ssu
reP
ressu
re
[1000][1000]
22
[0100][0100]
22 [0010][0010]
22 [0001][0001]
22
Analog WaveformAnalog Waveform Digitized Digitized WaveformWaveform
Binary Coded Binary Coded DataData
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
80/2080/20MIDI (1982) sends, not a digitized MIDI (1982) sends, not a digitized wave form, but rather a binary coded wave form, but rather a binary coded performance message to control performance message to control electronic instruments electronic instruments (synthesizers).(synthesizers).
MasterMaster MIDI OutMIDI Out
SlaveSlave
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI—Physical: MIDI—Physical:
A five pin connector labeled “MIDI A five pin connector labeled “MIDI Out,” “MIDI In,” or “MIDI Thru.” Out,” “MIDI In,” or “MIDI Thru.” Communication is via current.Communication is via current.
MIDI OutMIDI Out
MIDI InMIDI In
Communication via Communication via current:current:
current = 0, no current = current = 0, no current = 11
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI—Physical: MIDI—Physical:
A five pin connector labeled “MIDI A five pin connector labeled “MIDI Out,” “MIDI In,” or “MIDI Thru.” Out,” “MIDI In,” or “MIDI Thru.” Communication is via current.Communication is via current.
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI Physical: MIDI Physical:
A MIDI chain can be assembled of up A MIDI chain can be assembled of up to 64 channels to 64 channels [0000][0000]22 to [1111] to [1111]22..
MIDI OutMIDI OutMIDI ThruMIDI Thru
Channel 00Channel 00 0101 02 02 03 03 04 04
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI Coding: MIDI Coding:
A MIDI command is a word of three A MIDI command is a word of three 8-bit bytes—status and 2 data bytes.8-bit bytes—status and 2 data bytes.
StatusStatus DataData[10010100][10010100][00111100][00111100][011111111]:[011111111]:
DataData
{09, 04}{09, 04}Note Note on,on,Channel 04Channel 04
100101 00100101 00001111 00001111 00 01111 111101111 1111
{060}{060} {255}{255}CC44
Speed 255,Speed 255,
((hardest)hardest)
ExampleExample::
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
80/2080/20A MIDI command is a binary code A MIDI command is a binary code that follows a prescribed syntax and that follows a prescribed syntax and grammar.grammar.
StatusStatus DataData[10000100][10000100][00111100][00111100][011111111]:[011111111]:
DataData
{08, 04}{08, 04}Note Note off,off,Channel 04Channel 04
100001 00100001 00001111 00001111 00 01111 111101111 1111
{060}{060} {xxx}{xxx}CC44
IrrelevantIrrelevant
ExampleExample::
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI Instruments:MIDI Instruments:
Electronic Wind Instrument (EWI)Electronic Wind Instrument (EWI)
MIDI signals:MIDI signals:
Note, pressure, Note, pressure, liplip
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI Instruments:MIDI Instruments:
Electronic Valve Instrument (EVI)Electronic Valve Instrument (EVI)
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI Instruments:MIDI Instruments:
Electronic String Instrument (ESI)Electronic String Instrument (ESI)
JanosJanos
Warren Bond—Warren Bond—Electric StradElectric Strad
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
MIDI Instruments:MIDI Instruments:
Gesture Instruments (GI)hGesture Instruments (GI)h
““The The Glove”Glove”
Prof. Butch Prof. Butch RovanRovan
Physics 1251Physics 1251 Unit 4 Session 41Unit 4 Session 41 MIDIMIDI
Summary:Summary:• MIDI is the acronym for “MIDI is the acronym for “MMusical usical
IInstrument nstrument DDigital igital IInterface.”nterface.”• MIDI is a control protocol that uses MIDI is a control protocol that uses
binary codes to remotely control binary codes to remotely control electronic musical instruments, electronic musical instruments, where a current loop is used to where a current loop is used to communicatecommunicate
• The Electronic wind instrument The Electronic wind instrument (EWI), Electronic Valve Instrument (EWI), Electronic Valve Instrument (EVI) and Electronic String (EVI) and Electronic String Instrument (ESI) use MIDI for control.Instrument (ESI) use MIDI for control.