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Physics 014
Images
Topics
Plane mirrors Spherical mirrors Thin lenses
Plane Mirrors
A virtual image CANNOT be seen on a screen
A real image CAN be seen on a screen
Plane Mirrors
Plane Mirrors
Plane Mirrors
O is a point source of light Incident beams from O reflect off
plane mirror Beams reflect at angles consistent
with law of reflection Extend reflections to I, the virtual
point image
Plane Mirrors
Plane Mirrors
For the plane mirror,
i=-p
i is the image distance, p is the object distance
Plane Mirrors
Plane Mirrors
For extended objects Draw ray from base Draw several rays from tip Where ray extension from tip converge is
tip image point
Spherical Mirrors
Two types of spherical mirrors Concave mirror: light rays converge
on real focus Convex mirror: light rays diverge
from virtual focus
Spherical Mirrors
Concave mirrors: Increase image size Move image farther away Reduce field of view
Spherical Mirrors
Convex mirrors: Decrease image size Move image closer Increase field of view
Spherical Mirrors
Spherical Mirrors
We can find an expression relating the distances f, p, and i
fip
111
Spherical Mirrors
How do I find the image using rays?
Spherical Mirrors
Spherical Mirrors
Spherical Mirrors
Extend rays from tip and base of object to determine image location and orientation
Spherical Mirrors
1. Parallel ray reflected through focal point
2. Ray through focal point reflected parallel
3. Ray through center4. Ray reflected symmetrically from c
Thin Lenses
Two types of lenses Converging lenses cause rays to
converge on focal point Diverging lenses cause rays to
diverge from focal point
Thin Lenses
Thin Lenses
Thin Lenses
We may use the same equation we used for mirrors to relate i, p, and f
fip
111
This is not the lens maker’s equation!
Thin Lenses
Thin Lenses
1. Ray initially parallel converge on focal point
2. Ray initially through focal point emerges parallel
3. Ray through center emerges unchanged
Thin Lenses
Thin Lenses