Physical Science

Dmitri Mendeleev created his table in 1869.

◦ Mendeleev’s scheme was based on chemical properties of the elements.

◦ It was noticed that the chemical properties of elements increased in a periodic manner.

Elements with common properties are near each other.

We can use the periodic table to predict behaviors of elements.

Element symbols have ONE or TWO letters.

Names are based on their Latin names.

Letters are color coded.◦ Black >> Solid◦ Blue >> Liquid◦ Red >> Gas

Elements that have similar physical and chemical properties end up in the same row.

Elements in a group/family have similar physical and chemical properties.

Each group/family on the PTE can be identified by a number.

Identified by a number and a letter.◦ Numbers◦ Letters >> A or B

Group A elements are called the Representative Elements.◦ Have a wide range of physical and chemical

properties.

Metals◦ High conductivity and luster (shiny)◦ Mostly solids

Nonmetals◦ Poor conduction and non-lustrous◦ Mostly gases◦ Includes Hydrogen

Metalloids◦ Border the black “stairs” line◦ Properties between Metals and Nonmetals

Alkali Metals◦ Group 1A

Alkaline Earth Metals◦ Group 2A

Halogens◦ Group 7A

Noble Gases◦ Group 8A

Transition Metals◦All Group B

Elements that border the heavy stair line.