Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Salvatore ChiarelliDirector Of Physical Plant UVM

284 East Avenue, Burlington VT 05405salvatore.chiarelli@uvm.edu

http://www.uvm.edu/~uvmppd

 

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

My Background Brooklyn Technical High School Mech Eng New York City Technical College State University of New York At Binghamton New Jersey Institute of Technology Machine Tool Industry Hospital Services Areas Consolidated Edison Co Of New York New York City Board of Ed Union County College University of Vermont

Sal Chiarelli, Director of Physical Plant, UVM

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Why is learning about power and energy so important

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

How Much Energy Do You Use On A Daily Basis

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Importance•Air emissions•Other environmental concerns•Global warming•Dependence on foreign fossil fuel•Finite resources•Economy•Cost of living•Cost of Business•Balance•Other

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

41%

42%

17%

Utilities People Expenses

Why Is It Important To UVMPhysical Plant Operating BudgetFY05- $25.2 Million

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

What Are Some Of Today’s Issues here at UVM

The growth on campus Energy costs Systems are outdated and obsolete Chilled water is not centralized Air conditioning is an expectation Utilities are critical for Research System reliability

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

What Can You Do About It

•Learn about various types of energy solutions•Educate others•In your careers try to promote energy awareness•Maybe become an engineer•Every little bit helps

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

U. S. Electricity Generation Fuel Shares 2006

Oil 3.0%Hydro 6.5%Gas 18.7%Nuclear 19.3%Coal 49.7%Other 2.7%

Source: Global Energy Decisions / Energy Information AdministrationUpdated: 11/ 06

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Kinds Of Energy ProductionFossil (Coal, Oil, Gas)HydroWindWoodRefuse (garbage)Methane recovery (cow manure, landfill)Pumped StorageCogenerationThe sunNuclearThe windGeothermalThe oceans (tidal)

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Power Plants

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Hoover Dam

The powerplant consists of 17 main Francis turbinegenerators and two Pelton Waterwheel station service units (one for each plant wing). The total plant capacity is 2,079 MW.

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Geothermal

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

http://geothermal.marin.org/

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Turbines

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Generators

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Typical Solar Turbines Cogeneration Unit

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Conventional Electrical Generation

Fuel

100%Fuel

100% ElectricityElectricity

67%67% Waste HeatWaste Heat

PollutionPollution

(Remote from Users)(Remote from Users)

Power Plant Power Plant 33%33%

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

SteamSteam

ElectricityElectricity

Chilled WaterChilled Water

80%80%

Waste Heat & Mechanical Losses

Waste Heat & Mechanical Losses

CHP PlantCHP Plant

Fuel

100%Fuel

100%

20%20%PollutionPollution

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Cogeneration Benefits Better system efficiency (cost effective)

Savings of millions of dollars over 20 years

Protection from brown-outs

Less overall emissions – Credit for LEED certification

Cage plant space is compatible for a cogen installation

Physically and economically viable

Improves reliability

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

UVM Wind TurbineUVM Wind Turbine

Watts in the Wind Watts in the Wind @ UVM?@ UVM?

Campus Campus Renewable Energy Renewable Energy

ProjectProject

““See the Need, Take the Lead”See the Need, Take the Lead”

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Project SpecificsProject Specifics

Modest reduction in campus CO2 output by Modest reduction in campus CO2 output by 3,5003,500 to to 5,900 lbs.5,900 lbs. per year because of the wind per year because of the wind turbine.turbine.

Due to location specifics, it is estimated that the Due to location specifics, it is estimated that the turbine will generate turbine will generate 3,0003,000 to to 5,000 kilowatt-5,000 kilowatt-hourshours which is enough to power an new, energy which is enough to power an new, energy efficient home for efficient home for 12 months12 months. The data logger, at . The data logger, at the base of the tower, will collect data on the base of the tower, will collect data on wind wind speedspeed, , wind directionwind direction and and kilowattskilowatts produced. produced.

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

courtesy of Vermont Wind Energy http://www.vermontwind.com

Bi-directional set-up for ResidentialWind Turbine System with “Net Metering”

Net Metering Example: Residential Type

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Wind Turbine Wind Turbine Project PicturesProject Pictures

                                 

        

10.0 kW System

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Solar ArraySolar ArrayProject PictureProject Picture

                                 

        

5.0 kW System

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

What is tidal energy?

Tidal energy is one of the oldest forms of energy used by humans. Indeed, tide mills, in use on the Spanish, French and British coasts,

date back to 787 A.D.. Tide mills consisted of a storage pond, filled by the incoming (flood) tide through a sluice and

emptied during the outgoing (ebb) tide through a water wheel. The tides turned waterwheels, producing mechanical power

to mill grain. We even have one remaining in New York- which worked well into the 20th century.

http://www.oceanenergycouncil.com/faqtidal.html

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Good Info On Energy

http://www.eia.doe.gov/fueloverview.html

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Physical Plant DepartmentPhysical Plant Department

Questions …?Questions …?