23
Physical Availability: What is It and How Can We Address It Traci L. Toomey, PhD Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota

Physical Availability: What is It and How Can We Address It

  • Upload
    chance

  • View
    39

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Physical Availability: What is It and How Can We Address It. Traci L. Toomey, PhD Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota. Rates and Patterns of Consumption. Alcohol-related Problems. Availability. Policy/ Program. Availability. Physical Economic Legal. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Citation preview

Page 1: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Physical Availability: What is It and How Can We Address It

Traci L. Toomey, PhDDivision of Epidemiology &

Community HealthUniversity of Minnesota

Page 2: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Policy/Program

Alcohol-related

ProblemsAvailability

Rates andPatterns of

Consumption

Page 3: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Availability• Physical• Economic• Legal

Page 4: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Place: Physical Availability• Density of alcohol establishments• Types of licensed alcohol establishments

& other venues• Alcohol service at licensed venues• Days & hours of sale• Non-licensed locations

Page 5: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Density of Alcohol Establishments• Number of establishments per:

–Population–Roadway mile–Geographic area (including around

campuses)• Density important at smaller geographic

units than community or state

Page 6: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Density of Alcohol Establishments

• Higher density associated with more:– Violence– Property crime– Other crime– Public drunkeness– Noise– Negative health outcomes (e.g., sexually

transmitted diseases)

Page 7: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Potential Strategies• Use local and state policies to restrict total

number of alcohol establishments• Use licensing and zoning laws to limit density

in specific areas• Promote other types of economic development

Page 8: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Types of Licensed Alcohol Venues

• On-premise (e.g., bars, restaurants)• Off-premise (e.g., liquor & grocery stores)• Community events (e.g., festivals)• Stadiums (e.g., professional, college)

Page 9: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Alcohol Service at Licensed Venues

• Sales to underage• Over-service of alcohol• Promotion of heavy drinking

–Drink specials–Promotion of drinking games

Page 10: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Propensity of Sales to Underage

18%23%

50% 50%

0

20

40

60

80

100

Rat

e of

Sal

e (%

)

Festivals Early 2000s

Bars/restaurants Early 1990s

Bars/restaurantsLate 1990s

StadiumsMid 2000s

Page 11: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Propensity of Sales to Intoxicated

74%

89%79%

65%

0

20

40

60

80

100R

ate

of S

ale

(%)

Festivals Early 2000s

Bars/restaurants Early 1990s

Bars/restaurantsEarly 2000s

Stadiums Mid 2000s

Page 12: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Over Service Contributes to Problems

• Drinking and driving• Violence in and

around establishments

Page 13: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Intervention

•Compliance•Deterrence

Server/ClerkBehavior

•Confiscate false ID•Refuse sales to youth

Internal MerchantPolicies

• ID Checking• Server Training• Monitoring System

Alcohol SaleLaws

ReduceAvailability

Prevent Illegal Alcohol Sales

ReduceConsumption

&Related

Problems

Page 14: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Potential Strategies: Training• Server/manager training• Less promising for preventing sales to

underage• More promising for preventing over service

– May reduce BAC levels of patrons– May prevent sales to obviously intoxicated patrons

• May have short-term effects

Page 15: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Potential Strategies: Enforcement• Compliance checks effective for preventing

sales to underage – Need to conduct more than once or twice per year– Need to check all establishments

• Enforcement for over-service is more complex– Need more research to evaluate

Page 16: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Potential Strategies: Dram Shop Liability

• State law or case law allows lawsuits targeting establishment owner or server for illegal alcohol service–Potential limitations: (1) compensation caps,

(2) imposed statue of limitations, (3) evidence required

–RBS training should not negate dram shop liability

Page 17: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Days & Hours of Sale

• More days of sale = more problems• A few more hours of sale = shift in timing of

problems• Greater than few hours of sale = more

problems

Page 18: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Potential Strategies

• Use state & local policies:–Maintain current restrictions on days of sale–Maintain or reduce hours of sale

Page 19: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Non-licensed Locations

• Parties and other social events at:–Tailgating events –Parks–Houses–Hotels–Residence halls–Etc.

Page 20: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Tailgating

Odds of BAC > 0.08 4.7 times higher if tailgated

Page 21: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Parties • Parties are a common

source of alcohol for underage youth

• Parties occur in many different locations

Page 22: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

Potential Strategies• Institutional policies

– Restrictions on room rentals– Alcohol/keg bans on campuses

• Local/State policies– Restrictions on use of alcohol in parks– Keg registration– Social host laws– Noisy assembly laws– Ban tailgating

• Increased enforcement

Page 23: Physical Availability:  What is It and How Can We Address It

www.epi.umn.edu/alcoholUniversity of Minnesota