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Phylum Phylum ArthropodaArthropoda
ARTHROPODSARTHROPODS• Largest Phylum
o Insects
• Bilateral symmetry
• Segmented bodies
• Exoskeleton of chitin & proteino Ecdysozoa
• Paired, jointed appendageso Swimmingo Walkingo Sensory structureso Manipulation of food
• Nervous systemo Cerebral ganglia (brain)o Ventral nerve cordo Antennaeo Many have compound eyes
• Open circulatory System
• Specialized respiratory structureso Gills, Tracheae, Book lungs
A Survey of A Survey of ArthropodsArthropods
Subphylum MyriapodaSubphylum Myriapoda
Centipedes (Chilopoda)
•1 pair legs/segment•Carnivorous•Long legs – run rapidly•Poison claws on 1st segment behind head
Millipedes (Diplopoda)
•2 pairs legs/segment•Herbivores•Crawl slowly
ArachnidsArachnids
• Cephalothorax and abdomen
• 6 pairs of jointed appendages
• Gas exchange by tracheae, book lungs, or both
CrustaceansCrustaceans
• Primarily aquatic – gills• Hard mandibles for biting and grinding• Maxillae• Decapods• Chelipeds
InsectsInsects• Most numerous and diverse group on the planet
• 6 legs; many have wings
• 3 distinct body regions: head, thorax, and abdomen
• Sensory organs:o 1 pair of antennaeo simple and compound eyes
• Respirationo Spiracles tracheao Allows for high metabolic rate
• Excretion through Malpighian tubuleso Discharged into intestine
• Separate sexeso Fertilization is internal
• Several molts occur during development
MetamorphosisMetamorphosis• Incomplete or complete
• Incomplete :
egg larva (w/o functional wings) adult
• Complete:
egg larva pupa adult
Other Adaptations of Other Adaptations of Insects…Insects…
• Behavior: http://video.google.ca/videoplay?docid=5867193301785656504
• Some insects are social: bees, ants
• Pheromones
Success of InsectsSuccess of Insects• Exoskeleton
• Segmentation
• Jointed appendages
• Flying
• Reproductive capability – many eggs, protected by thick membrane
• Defensive and offensive capability