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Photovoltaics in France
Dawn of a new age?
| PV in France 2
Content
01 │ Basics
02 │ PV in France: The story so far
03 │ Support and attribution mechanisms
04 │ Target corridors: PPI & PPE
05 │ Introduction of direct marketing
06 │ Self-consumption
07 │ Questions
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01 | Hauptpunkt
PV in France 3
Intro│Franco-German Office for the Energy Transition
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Franco-German Office for the Energy Transition
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Founded in 2006 by the French and German gouvernments
Missions • Facilitate excange of information and best practice • Creation of a Franco-German network for politics, administrations, industry,
finance, research, civil society and media in the context of the energy transition • Topics: Wind, PV, bioenergies, economics of the energy transition, grid & market
integration of RES, RES heat sector coupling (power-to-X, CHP, storage), energy efficiency
Offices: Berlin (BMWi) & Paris (MEEM)
Funding: 50% public (25% D, 25% F), 50% members (currently ca. 220)
Formats • Events: Conferences & seminars • Publications: own papers and translations (63 in 2015) – market surveys, legal
and technical documents • Individual advice
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01 | Hauptpunkt
FußzeileText 5
01 │ Basics
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Basics | Solar Irradiation and Population Density
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• Maximum irradiation 1 800 kWh/m²: South of
France & Corsica
• PV-grid parity for private households in the southernmost third of France
(Grid electricity: 0,15€/kWh)
Solar Irradiation Population Density
France • 114 inhabitants/km² Comparison: Germany • 226 inhabitants/km²
Source: Eurostat
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Basics | Electricity in France
7
76,3%
10,8%
6,2%
3,9%
1,4% 1,4%
Production Mix 2015
Nuclear Hydro Fossil
Wind PV Bioenergies
Example: June 21st, 2015
All-time load record: Feb. 8th, 2012
Source: RTE
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Basics | Electricity in France: Regional particularities
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Interregional energy exchange June 21st 2015, noon
Exports Imports
• Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur (PACA) is the sunniest region of mainland France
• PACA has little domestic production
• Example Nice: France‘s 5th biggest city • Ist supply depends primarily on one high
tension line from the Rhône valley • No connection to Italy • No space for grid development or new
conventional power plants • Second highest import ratio, even in summer
• Many demonstration projects for smart cities
and renewable energies
Source: RTE
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01 | Hauptpunkt
FußzeileText 9
02 │ PV in France: The story so far
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PV in France | The story so far…
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• Discovery of PV-effect by AE Becquerel in 1839 in Paris
• 1970s and 80s: first large scale research PV systems
• 2000: Introduction of mandatory off-taker (EDF OA) & FIT system
• 2009 : Grenelle de l’environnement - 5GWp cumulated capacity by end of 2020 • Reevaluation of FIT
• 2009 – 2011: Dynamic evolution of
PV installations
• 01/12/2010: Moratorium – no new grid connections for 4 months
• New FIT & tender-based system announced on 04/03/2011
Source: HESPUL
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PV in France | The story so far…
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• Current parc size ca. 7 GWp • Current parc evolution: ~1 GWp p.a.
• Grenelle 5GWp-by-2020 objective
was reached in 2014 and replaced in 2015 by 8GWp objective
• 2015: Energy Transition Act (LTECV) • 40% RES in production mix by
2030 • Reduction of nuclear power
share to 50% by 2025 • Introduction of direct
marketing + market premium in 2016
• Definition of tri-annual target corridors (PPE) per technology in 2016
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
new cumulated
Source: RTE, ERDF, Observ’ER
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01 | Hauptpunkt
FußzeileText 12
03 │ Support & attribution mechanisms
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Support & attribution mechanisms | Overview
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Small & mid scale rooftop 0 ≤ 100 kWp
Rooftop 100 ≤ 250 kWp
FIT
Large scale 250 kWp ≤ 12MWp FIT Tenders + FIT
FIT
Tenders + FIT/FIP (>500kWp)
Large scale 250 kWp ≤ 12MWp
Simplified tenders + FIT
FIT
2011 2016
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Support & attribution mechanisms | Current FIT categories without tenders
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• trimestrial reduction depending of additional capacity connected in Q-1
Source: HESPUL
Category Description FIT Q2/2016
T1 residential rooftop full integration ≤ 9kWp 0,2501 €/kWh
T4a any rooftop semi-integrated ≤ 36kWp 0,1382 €/kWh
T4b any rooftop semi-integrated ≤ 100kWp 0,1313 €/kWh
T5 any PV system ≤ 12MWp - Ended 29/05/2016
0,0596 €/kWh
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Support & attribution mechanisms | Example for >250kWp tenders: AO CRE III (400 MWp)
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Procedure: • Publication of specifications Nov. 2014 • Deadline June 2015 • Publication of results Dec 2015
Capacities: Contingency Target Price • Family 1: rooftop ≤ 5 MWp (150 MWp) 9-20 €/100/kWh • Family 2A: ground-mounted ≤ 5 MWp (75 MWp) 7-15 €/100/kWh • Family 2B: ground-mounted ≤ 12 MWp (125 MWp) 7-15 €/100/kWh • Family 3: carports ≤ 4,5 MWp (50 MWp) 9-18 €/100/kWh
Weighing of different criteria 2A & 2B 1 & 3
Price 46% 50%
Restoration of site 10% -
Landscape integration 10% -
Carbot footprint (module) 20% 35%
R&D contribution 10% 15%
Urbanism bonus 4% -
Due to very low bids, an excess capacity of 800MWp was attributed.
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01 | Hauptpunkt
FußzeileText 16
04 │ Target Corridors – PPI & PPE
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Target corridors | LTECV, PPI & PPE
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• 2015: LTECV sets pace with global target for RES: 40% of electricity generation by 2030 • LTECV announces publication of PPI & PPE updates for 2016
• May 2016: Publication of updated Plannification Pluriannuelle de
l’Investissement (PPI) for RES • Defines non-binding targets for 2018 and 2023 per technology • Release of a calendar for tenders (2017-2018)
• PPI PV Targets:
• 2018: 10,2 GWp • 2023: 18,2 – 20,2 GWp
• Later in 2016: Publication of Programmation Pluriannuelle de l’Energie (PPE) • Defines binding targets for 2018 and 2023 per technology • Covers all types of electricity production & heat • Will not only define paths for RES… • …but also existing thermal power plant infrastructure
Required average PV capacity evolution: 1,5 GWp p.a.
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01 | Hauptpunkt
FußzeileText 18
05 │ Introduction of Direct Marketing
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Introduction of Direct Marketing | For all new systems > 500kWp
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Source: MEEM, Presentation: OFATE/DFBEW
• From June 1st 2016 • Grid connexion
request date • For all PV installations
>500kWp • Phase-out of T5
• Only PV, bioenergies and small hydro • Wind from 2018
• Off-taker of the last
resort rule: 80% of bid • Negative spot-price: No
market premium • Participation of existing
projects: to be defined in separate text
Bid including management
premium
€/kWh
Sales revenue < reference spot
price
Market premium
Market premium
Reference spot price
(monthly basis, per techology,
ex-post)
Market premium
Sales revenue > reference spot
price
Management Premium
Capacity market
Deduction of revenues
from capacity markets
Capacity market
Capacity market
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01 | Hauptpunkt
FußzeileText 20
06 │ Self-consumption
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Introduction of Direct Marketing | For all new systems >500 kWp
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• Situation in 2016 • Self-consumption with excess feed-in is possible • Direct delivery is possible under certain conditions
• Why is it not more popular? • Grid parity for private households
• FIT: 0,2501€/kWh • Average EDF tariff in 2015: 0,1624€ (rising)
• Legislator • Why artificially create business case if residential load profile absorbs few
PV? • Prefers tertiary sector, i.e. supermarkets: large-scale rooftop systems, strong
correlation between generation and load curves. • Task force develops regulatory framework (ongoing)
• Evolution • Several demonstrator projects ongoing • ADEME believes in popularisation 2018-2020 and sharp rise thereafter
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01 | Hauptpunkt
FußzeileText 22
07 │ Questions?
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For more information… | …check out our website: ofate.eu/dfbew.eu
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Franco-German conference @ Intersolar | Thursday, June 23rd, 15h
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Two main topics in Franco-German context • Tenders • Direct marketing
Participants from: • CEE Operations • Ecofys • Fraunhofer ISE • IBC Solar • Syndicat des Energies Renouvelables • Watson Farley Williams
• Followed by a cocktail
Open to everyone - do come by!
Thursday, June 23rd 15 – 18h Hall A2 A2.530 Partners
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Franco-German Office for the Energy Transition Berlin Office Mélanie Persem Director Scharnhorststr. 34-37 D-10115 Berlin Tél.: +49(0)30-18 615 6803 Mail: [email protected] Paris Office Sven Rösner Director MEEM DGEC - Tour Sequoia F-92055 La Défense Cedex Tel.: +33 (0)1 40 81 74 51 Mail: sven.roesner@[email protected] dfbew.eu | ofate.eu
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