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Photographers in History
Kent Messamore
10/5/2011
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Joseph Nicephore Niepce – 1765 - 1833
First known photograph – Heliograph - 1822
Required an 8 hour exposure
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Louis Daguerre – 1787 - 1851
Inventor of Daguerreotype in 1839. Shorter exposures but still several minutes long
Street is deserted as people were moving too fast
“Rue du Temple” - 1839
Inadvertently takes first photo of a person
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W. Henry Talbot – 1800 - 1877
Talbot invented in 1834, a photographic process that produced a “Negative” from which many prints could be made
Very patient coachman as exposure took three minutes - 1840
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Oscar Gustave Rejlander – 1813 - 1875
“The Two Ways of Life”. Print is 30” by 16” - 1857. Composite of as many as thirty (30) photographs
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Dr. Peter Henry Emerson – 1856 - 1936
Natural Photography – “Don’t Dress people up”
Known for his Landscapes
“Gathering water Lilies” - 1886
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Henry Peach Robinson – 1830 - 1901
Considered Photography as “Art” Many of photographs were composites Introduced Vignettes into his photographs Introduced “Chiaroscuro to Photography
(effect of using gradations of light and shadow to create the illusion of three dimensions in a drawing - often called shading)
Fading Away – 1858 – a composite of 5 different negatives When the Day’s Work is Done - 1901
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Lewis Carroll - 1858 “Alice, Edith, and Lorina Lidell”
Alice was the inspiration for “Alice in Wonderland”
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Mathew Brady – 1823 - 1896
Brady opened photo studio in Washington DC and took many portraits of famous people. He organized group of photographers to take photos of Civil War battlefields. Many of these photos were credited to his name even though he didn’t take the photos.
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Francis Bedford – 1816 - 1894
Stereoscope photo - 1864
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Julia Cameron 1815 - 1879
Although she took famous photos of men (e.g. Longfellow), she was know for her photographs of women.
Her photos were also know for dreamy images as she often used subdued lighting and dark backgrounds to create a dreamy setting. Sometimes she left the lens of her camera purposely out of focus so as to add to this dreaminess.
The Rosebud Garden of Girls - 1868
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William Henry Jackson – 1843 - 1942
“Castle Geyser and Crested Pool” Yellowstone” - 1871
“Crystal Falls” Yellowstone 1871
Jackson’s photos convinced Congress to make Yellowstone a National Park
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Eadweard Muybridge – 1830 - 1904
The Horse in Motion - 1878
In 1872 a race-horse owner (Leland Standford) hired Muybridge to prove that all four horse’s hooves left the ground at same time during a gallop
In 1878 Muybridge took this image using twelve stereoscopic cameras, 21 inches apart, taken at 1/1000 second, using trip-wires attached to each camera shutter triggered by the horse’s hooves.
Precursor to the development of motion pictures - 1878
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Frances Benjamin Johnston – 1864 - 1952
Mark Twain - 1906 President William McKinley - 1901
Early American female Photographer
“The Liberated Woman” - 1896 Johnston Self Portrait
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Alfred Stieglitz – 1864 - 1946
Photography is an art, separate from all other arts
First published magazine “Camera Works” in 1903, which soon was revered as the finest photographic magazine in the world
He established in 1905 a Photograph and Art gallery in New York City at “291” Fifth Avenue where he introduced Modern Art (Monet, Matisse, Cezanne, Rodin, Picasso) to America and new American Photographers (Paul Strand, Edward Steichen, Ansel Adams).
“The Steerage” - 1907
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Edward Steichen – 1879 - 1973
“Greta Garbo” - 1928 “The Pond in Moonlight” - 1904
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Lewis Hine – 1874 - 1940
“Girl in a Cotton Mill” - 1910
His photographs single handedly changed the world. You should thank him!!!!!
Empire State Building - 1931
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Eric Soloman – 1886 - 1944
Father of Modern Photojournalism
Father of Candid camera
One of the very few photos of the United states Supreme Court in session - 1928
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George Eastman – 1854 - 1932
1884 - Invented Roll Film 1888 – Introduced Kodak Camera
designed to use Roll Film 1892 – established Eastman Kodak
Company, first firm to mass-produce photography equipment
1900 – Introduced Brownie Camera for $1
First Kodak Camera
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Edward Weston - 1886 - 1958
“Dunes, Oceano” - 1910 “Charis Wilson” - 1936
Paul Strand – 1890 - 1976
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Considered Photography as an art form. His photo compositions incorporated geometric light and shadow designs together with his interest in street photography
“From the El”
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Dorothea Lange – 1895 - 1965
“Migrant Mother” - 1935
“Shack” - 1935
Lange is known for her images of destitute share croppers from the South, and the dust bowl migrants from Oklahoma to California
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Alfred Eisenstaedt – 1898 - 1995 On August 14, 1945, the day World War II came to and end, kissing was the activity of the day.
Eisenstaedt spied a sailor smooching his way through Times Square. He followed until he found this photo
“Drum Major” - 1950
“Marilyn Monroe” - 1953
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Henri Cartier-Bresson – 1908 - 2004
Master of Candid photography
Margaret Bourke-White
Leading Woman Photojournalist Fortune Magazine Staff Cover of 1st issue Life
Magazine Life Magazine Staff
Photographer for 21 years First Woman to fly on a U.S.
Combat mission Press contingent that
photographed horrors of Buchenwald
Covered War in Korea
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Gandhi Buchenwald
Dust Bowl
Cover of First Issue of Life Magazine, “Fort Peck Damn:
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Ansel Adams – 1902 - 1984
Undisputed Master
of Landscape Photography
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Yousuf Karsh – 1908 - 2002
“Winston Churchill” – 1941 Probably most reproduced
Portrait in History
“Eisenhower”
“Einstein”
“Kennedy” “Kelley” “Crawford”
“Ali” “Castro” “Gable” “Hepburn”
Undisputed Master of Portrait Photography
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Robert Capa – 1913 - 1954
Photojournalist who covered five different wars:
•Spanish Civil War •Second Sino-Japanese War •World War II •1948 Arab-Israeli War •First Indochina War
“Death of a Soldier”
“D-D
ay”
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Joe Rosenthal – 1911 - 2006
One of the most Iconic images of American combat when after the battle for Mount
Suribachi, six Marines raised an American Flag
Won Pulitzer Prize - 1945 “Lunch atop a Skyscraper” 1932
Primarily known for his photographs as a war correspondent in the Pacific, and for particularly one photo on Iwo Jima, Rosenthal had a broader career in photography as shown by a photo of the construction of the GE building in New York City.
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Helmut Newton – 1920 - 2004
“Self-Portrait”
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Richard Avadon – 1923 - 2004
“Snake - Nastassja Kinski ”
“Marilyn Monroe”
“Kennedy”
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Diane Arbus – 1923 - 1971
“Identical Twins”
“Transvestite”
“Young Man in Curlers”
“Transvestite”
“Teenager with Bat”
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William Klein – 1928 -
“Candy Store”
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Eddie Adams – 1933 - 2004
Photograph of General Nguyen Loan executing a Viet Cong prisoner – 1968
This image won the Pulitzer Prize in 1969
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Robert Mapplethorpe – 1946 - 1989
Photographing the unexpected
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Annie Leibovitz – 1949 -
“Mikhail Baryshnikov/Rob Besserer”
“Demi Moore”
“John Lennon/Yoko O
no”
Vanity Magazine spread, imitating film noirs that included 40 major Hollywood actors and actresses. It is fun going through the spread trying to figure out which actor is playing which role.
Amazing Photography