Phonetic and Phonology 20 Sounds of Vowel

Phonetic and Phonology 20 Sounds of Vowel Complied by : Siti Nurhayati Definition of vowels

There are several ways to present the vowels of English. Vowels are described by the position of the tongue (whether it is high, mid, or low ; front, back or central) and by the presence or absence of lip rounding (Stryker, 1968 : 10)

Classification of vowels in English

Actually the various vowel sounds are produced by alternations in the shape of the mouth cavity. All vowels are voiced sounds. Those are the most important facts to be remembered. The varieties of the shape of all vowels involve the alternations of the position of (a) tongue (b) the lips and (c) the lower jaw.

Vowel phoneme, which is the vocal sounds made without audible stopping of the breath.

The Front Vowels : i:, i, , The Back Vowels : , u: , : , a:The Central Vowels : : , ,

Image of Diagram of English vowels ( The Vowel quadrilateral )

The explanation of each vowels that may further be classified by :

The height of the tongueThe part of the tongue which is raised The position of the lips

Vowels / i:/Relatively long The height of the tongue : Close The position of the lips : Spread lips The part of the tongue which is raised : High Kinds of vowel phoneme : Front Here these example of vowels /i:/ Agree / gri: /Brief / bri: /Deal /di:l /Degree /dgri:/ Eat / i:t /

Vowels / /Relatively short The height of the tongue : Between close and half close The position of the lips : Spread and neutral The part of the tongue which is raised : Between high and half high Kinds of vowel phoneme : Front Here these examples of vowels / /Gape /gep / Fright /frat /Forgive /fgv /Disk /dsk /Climb / klam /

Vowels / /Short vowel a The height of the tongue : Open The position of the lips : Open lip roundingThe part of the tongue which is raised : Low Kinds of vowel phoneme : Back Here these examples of vowel / /Forest / frist/Foreign / frn/Lost / lst/Lot / lt /Copy / kpi /

Vowels :Long vowel a The height of the tongue : Half open The position of the lips : Lips roundedThe part of the tongue which is raised : Half low Kinds of vowel phoneme : Back Here these examples of vowel / : /Mall / m:l/Lord / l:d/Law / l: /Lawn / l:n/Launch / l:nt /

Vowels / : /a long vowel The height of the tongue : Open The position of the lips : Neutral The part of the tongue which is raised : LowKinds of vowel phoneme : Back Here these examples of vowel /: /Spark / sp:k /Sharlk / :k / Sharp / :p/Unfasten / nf:sn /Father / f: (r) /

Vowels / / Short a The height of the tongue : Between half open and open The position of the lips : Neutral and SpreadThe part of the tongue which is raised : LowKinds of vowel phoneme : Front Here these examples of vowel //Lag / lg /Instance / nstns /Lack / lk /Irrational / rnl /Interact / ntrkt /

Vowels :Long vowel a The height of the tongue : Half open The position of the lips : Neutral The part of the tongue which is raised : Half low Kinds of vowel phoneme : Central Here These examples of vowel /:/ Defer /df: ( r ) /Determiner /dt:mn /Fern / f:n /Firm /f:m /Purse /p:s /

Vowels //Relatively short vowel The height of the tongue : Half open The position of the lips : NeutralThe part of the tongue which is raised : Half low Kinds of vowel phoneme : Central Here these examples of vowel / /Abort /b:t /Above /bv /Accord /k:d /Deliver / dlv (r )/Fanatic / fntk/

Vowel /e/DiphthongFalling, narrow, closing diphthongMiddle open position Number one in tongue position The lips position is spread Here these example of vowel / e /Basic /besk /Away /we /Change / tend /Fame /fem/Innovate / nvet /

Vowels /a /Diphthong Voiced Falling, wide, closing diphthong Front vowel Open position Number two in tongue position The lips position is roundedHere these example of vowels / a /Device / dvas /Resign /rzan /Size /saz /Glide/ glad /Tight /tat /

Vowels VoicedShortCentral vowelMid open position Number three in tongue position The lips position is spreadHere these example of vowel / /Fallow /fl /Focus /fks /Goat /gt /Hole /hl /Global /glbl /

Vowels / u:/A long vowel The height of the tongue : CloseThe position of the lips : Close lip rounding The part of the tongue which is raised : High Kinds of vowel phoneme : Back Here these examples of vowel /u:/Food /fu:d /Cool / ku:l /Loose /lu:s /Lose / lu:z /Shoe /u: /

Vowels //A short vowel The height of the tongue : Between half open and openThe position of the lips : Neutral The part of the tongue which is raised : Between half low and lowKinds of vowel phoneme : CentralHere these example of vowel //Smug / smg / Utter / t (r ) /Upset /, set /Update / ,pdet /Wonder / wnd (r )/

Vowels //A short vowel The height of the tongue : Between close and half closeThe position of the lips : Rounded The part of the tongue which is raised : Between high and half highKinds of vowel phoneme : Back Here these example of vowel //Bull /bl /Close /klz /Push /p /Down /dn /Load /ld /

Vowels /a/VoicelessShortCentral vowelMid open positionNumber three in tongue positionThe lips position is spreadHere these example of //Trout /trat /Snout /snat /Pound / pand /Shout / at /Round / rand /Vowels //DiphthongVoicedFalling, narrow, closing diphthongBack vowelMid open position The lips position is roundedHere theses example of vowel / /Join / dnt /Point /pnt /Coin / kn /Oil / l / Boy / b /Vowels //Diphthong VoicedCentring, falling, narrow, opening diphthongMid open positionThe lips position is spread Here these example of vowel / /Near / n (r )/ Fear / f (r )/Dear / d (r )/Gear /g (r )/Year / j (r ) /Vowels / e /A short vowel The height of the tongue : Mid close and open The position of the lips : RoundedThe part of the tongue which is raised : Mid half high and half lowKinds of vowel phoneme : Back Here these example of vowel /e/Cell / sel /Fresh / fre /French / frent /Let / let /Lake / leik /

Vowels /e/Diphthong VoicedCentring, falling, narrow, opening diphthongMid open position The lips position is spread Here these example of vowel / e /Hair /he(r )/Air /e (r)/Fair /fe (r)/Pair /pe (r)/Lair / le (r)/ Vowels //Diphthong Voiced Centring, falling, narrow, opening diphthongClose position The lips position is spread Here these example of vowel //Pure / pj(r)/Cure / kj (r)/Poorly /pli/Procure /prkj(r) /Pure /pj (r)/