61
5|SZ6vZ ;\A\lWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FF

Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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Page 1: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

5|SZ6vZ

;\A\lWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FF

Page 2: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

5|SZ6vZ

;\A\lWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FF

ZP! 5|F:TFlJS ov

;\A\lWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FFYL ;\XMWSG[ V[S GJL ÏlQ8 5|F%T YTL CMI K[P V[S G}TG VlEUDGM VFlJQSFZ 5[NF YTM CMI K[P 5lZ6FDMG[ RSF;JF VG[ ;DHFJJF GJM ÏlQ8SM6 D/TM CMI K[P lAGH~ZL 5lZJT"GM 8F/L XSFI K[P VeIF;GF GJF 1F[+M DF8[GF ;}RGM 5|F%T YTF CMI K[P 5}J["GF ;\XMWGMG[ G}TG ;\NE"DF\ D},JJFGM DMSM D/[ K[P

;\A\lWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FFG[ V\TU"T 5|IMHS[ VF SFI"GF C[T]VM GLR[ 5|DF6[ GSSL SIF" CTFP

!f U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGF :J~5YL 5lZlRT YJ\]P

Zf lJQFIJ:T] 5'YÞZ6 DF8[ DF/BFUT :J~5 GSSL SZJ\]P

#f ;{wWF\lTS 5F;F TZLS[ IMUG\] V{lTCFl;S 5lZ5|[1I :5Q8 SZJ\]P

$f 5}J[" YI[,F ;\A\lWT U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGM VeIF; SZJMP

5f 5}J[" YI[,F ;\XMWGMGF ;\NE"DF\ 5|:T]T ;\XMWGGL lJX[QFTF :5Q8 SZJLP

ZPZP U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGL ;{wWF\lTS ;DL1FF

;\XMWGGMG[ A[ 5|SFZMDF\ lJEFÒT SZL XSFIP s!f U]6FtDS ;\XMWG sZf ;\bIFtDS ;\XMWGP AgG[ GFD 5|DF6[ H VY" WZFJ[ K[P ;F\5|T ;DIDF\ ;\bIFtDS DFlCTL 5|F%T SZL V\S XF:+LI VFWFZMYL VY"38GM TFZJJFGM JW] VFU|C ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 5Z\T] 7FGvlJ7FGGL lJ:TZTL l1FlTHM V[ lJQFIJ:T]GF U]6FtDS VG[ TFlS"S lJJ[RGMG[ 56 V[8,\] H DCtJ VF%I\] K[P U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGF RLJ84 TS"AâTF VG[ jIJl:YT 5'YÞZ6FtDS VlEUDGL V5[1FF ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

Page 3: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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s!f U]6FtDS ;\XMWG V[8,[ X\] m

sZf U]6FtDS ;\XMWG4 ;\bIFtDS ;\XMWG SZTF SIF\ H}N]\ 50[ K[ m

s#f U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGF\ ,1F6M SIF K[P m

s$f U]6FtDS ;\XMWGDF\ ;\XMWS[ S. AFATM 5Z wIFG S[lgãT SZJFG]\

CMI K[ m

s5f U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGM VeIF; SZTL JBT[ lX1F6G[ ,UTL S.

;D:IFGM VeIF; SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ m

s&f U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGF 5|SFZM SIF K[ m

HMXL s!))!f U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGL jIFbIFDF\ H6FJTF\

CTF S[ v ccX{1Fl6S ;\XMWG V[S jIJl:YT ZLT[ VY"38GFtDS VlEUD V5GFJL SM. IMHGF S[ ;FDFlHS4 X{1Fl6S AGFJG]\ VD,LSZ6 S[ p5IMULTF VeIF;JFG]\ SFI" K[Pcc

AaAL s!))Zf U]6FtDS ;\XMWGG[ U]6F\S JUZGL 5ZL1FF VG[ VJ,MSGGF VY"38G TZLS[ J6"J[ K[P H[DF\ lJlJW VYM"G[ XMWL T[GF DCtJG[ VM/BJF\ T[DH VF\TZ;\A\WMGL TZ[C ;DHFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF ;\XMWG 5|SFZ D]HA U]6FtDS 5älTGF DF/BFG[4 JF:TlJSTFVMG[ XaNGF ;CFZ[ 5|:T]T SZJFGL 5|lS|IF TZLS[ VF[/BFJFI K[P

Page 4: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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D[SlD,G VG[ X}D[SZ s!))#f4 5[8G s!))_f4 VG[ 8SD[G s!))(f GF DT[ U]6FtDS ;\XMWG 5älT 5|IMUZlCT CMI K[ VG[ U]6FtDS ;\XMWGDF\ D/TL DFlCTL VF\S0FG[ AN,[ XaNMDF\ HMJF D/[ K[ VG[ U]6FtDS ;\XMWGDF\ D/TL DFlCTL VF\S0FVM SZTF\ DF{lBS J6"GMDF\ H D/[ K[P

V[ZL4 H[SMA VG[ ZhJL s!))_f V[ H6FjI] CT] S[ v ccU]6FtDS ;\XMWG 5âlTG]\ 5lZ~5 5|FS'lTS ZLT[ 30FT]\ GYLP V[8,[ S[ ;\XMWG 5|lS|IF NZlDIFG H S[8,FS lJRFZM :O}Z[ VG[ 5âlT D[/JFI VYJF TM T[GF lJX[ 5FK/YL lJRFZJFG]\ AG[ K[Pcc T[VM pD[Z[ K[ S[ U]6FtDS T5F;YL DFGJLI lS|IF S,F5M4 ;\U9GM VG[ 38GFVMG]\ VY"38G SZFI K[P tIFZAFN V[S V[JL JFRG ;FDU|LGL ZRGF SZFI K[ S[ H[DF\ ê0F65}J"S SZJFDF\ VFJ[,L VeIF;GL lJUT5}6" GM\W CMI K[P H[YL VG]EJ G CMI T[JF JFRS 56 AW]\ H 5FDL XS[ K[ VG[ V[S Z;F/ X{,LGM VG]EJ JFRSG[ YFI K[P U]6FtDS ;\XMWG SM. V[S E} EFUG]\ ;J["1F6 GYLP T[DF\ TM TyIM BM/L SF-JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 8}\SDF\ T[ C[T] 5ZtJ[ jIF5S SZTF\ ;3G JW] K[P U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGL 5|lS|IFGF lJ:TFZ~5[ V[S V[JL N,L, 56 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ S[ U]6FtDS ;\XMWGSTF" DF8[ ;\S<5GF4 DF/B]\ TYF XaNM B}AH VY"5}6" K[P

;\bIFtDS ;\XMWGDF\ DFlCTLG]\ :J~5 ;F\lbIS CMI K[P T[G]\ V\SXF:+LI 5'YSSZ6 SZL 5lZ6FDM TFZJJF\ V[ ;\bIFtDS ;\XMWG K[P HIFZ[ U]6,1FL4 lJUT5}6" VG[ lJQFIJ:T]GF ;\NE"DF\ DFlCTL CMI tIFZ[ T[DF\ ;DFlJQ8 lJUTG[ V,U TFZJL V[ lJUT SIF 5|`GMGF p¿Z VF5[ K[ T[ XMWJ]\ VG[ 5|F%T lJUTMG]\ 5'YSSZ6 SZJ]\ T[ U]6FtDS ;\XMWGG]\ SFI" K[P

Page 5: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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U]6FtDS ;\XMWG SZGFZFVM VY";EZ lR+6 S[ V\To:O}Z6FYL NMZJFTF HMJF D/[ K[P U]6FtDS ;\XMWGG]\ ;J";FDFgI V[J]\ ,1F6 V[ K[ S[ H[ ;\NE"YL 5|[lZT 5|J'lT CMI K[P VFDF\ ;\XMWS 5lZl:YTG[ JX AGL HFI K[P V[Sl+T DFlCTL ;\XMWSG[ ALHF SM. p5SZ6MG[ AN,[ SM. jIlSTGF DFwID S[ 5MT[ V[S p5SZ6 TZLS[ B}A H EFZ5}J"S DFlCTL DMS,JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P D\TjIM4 EFJGFVM VG[ VJWFZ6FVM H[ SF\. 56 ;\XMWS ;DHJF DF\U[ T[ AW]\ H DMS,FI K[P VCL\ DFlCTLGL DF+FG]\ DCtJ GYL 5Z\T] S[JL DFlCTL DF\UJFDF\ VFJL K[ T[ DCtJG]\ K[P U]6FtDS 5âlT V[ ;]:5Q8 VG[ ;Z/~5[ ;DÒ XSFI T[JL K[P T[DF\ DFlCTL V[Sl+SZ6 VG[ lJ`,[QF6GL ZLlT 56 ;J";FDFgI K[P T[YL UM5GLI SX]\ G CMI T[J]\ EF;[ K[P

AMU0FG VG[ lAS,[G[ s!))Zf U]6FtDS ;\XMWGGF ,1F6M ;}RjIF K[ H[ VF 5|DF6[ K[P

s!f DFlCTLG]\ hZ6]\ 5|FS'lTS jIJ:YFDF\ JC[ K[P H[GM B]N ;\XMWGSTF" H D]bI JFCS AG[ K[4

sZf DFlCTL XaNM4 lR+M4 VG[ VF\S0FVMDF\ CMI K[4

s#f 5|lS|IF VG[ TFZ6M A\G[ ;ZBF\ DCtJGF\ K[4

s$f DFlCTLG]\ lJ`,[QF6 H 5|[ZS CMI K[ VG[ DFlCTLDF\YL H l;äF\T TFZJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[4

s5f ;\XMWS DF8[ VeIF;GF lJQFIMGM ;\NE" H DCtJGM ZC[ K[P

l,58" s!))$f pD[Z[ K[ S[4 s!f ;\XMWGGF 5|`GM DM8FEFU[ ptS<5GF VFWFlZT CMTF GYL 5Z\T] C[T] VFWFZLT CMI K[P sZf T[DF\ VD,LSZ6 5|lS|IFG]\ D}<IF\SG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

Page 6: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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ZP# lJQFIJ:T] 5'YÞZ6GL ;\XMWGFtDS ;DL1FF

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RM8l,IF s!))#f lJQFIJ:T] 5'YÞZ6G\] :J~5 SZTF ,B[ K[ v

“Content analysis is defined as a procedure for the Categorization of verbal or behavioural data for the purpose of classification, Summarization and Tabulation”

lJQFIJ:T] 5'YÞZ6GL 5|lS|IF VF\TlZS K[ VG[ ;J":JLS'T K[P H[DF\ jIlSTUT DCtJGL E}lDSF EHJJFGL K[P

AMU" VG[ U, s!)*)f lJQFIJ:T] lJ`,[QF6GL jIFbIF VF5TF H6FJ[ K[ S[ “Content analysis is a research technique for the objective, systematic and quantitative discription of the manifest content of comminication” 5}J"5|:YFl5T ãlQ8SM6 S[ CSLSTMGL ;DL1FF SZJFGL DGMJ'lTJF/] SF/Ò5}J"SG]\ 5'YÞZ6 SZJ]\ V[ lJQFIJ:T] lJ`,[QF6 5âlT SC[JFI K[P

VF V[S V[J\] ;\XMWG 5âlT K[ H[DF\ XFlaNS S[ J6"GFtDS lJQFIJ:T]G[ JUL"S'T SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF V[S VF\TlZS VG[ AF{lâS 5|lS|IF K[P BF; SZLG[ SM. 5F9I5]:TS4 U|\Y S[ X{1Fl6S ;\:YFGF J6"GDF\ T[ JW] p5IMUL K[P

Page 7: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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s!f ;\XMWG DF8[ VFJZL ,[JFDF\ VFJTL DFlCTL4

sZf DFlCTLGM ;\NE"4

s#f ;\XMWSG]\ JF:TlJSTF V\U[G]\ 7FG4

s$f lJQFIJ:T] lJ`,[QF6G]\ DCtJ4

s5f 5FIFGL AF{lâS 5|lS|IF TZLS[ TFZJ6L4

s&f V\ltFD ;O/TF DF8[GL IYFY"TF

J[AZ s!))_f GF H6FjIF VG];FZ4 clJQFIJ:T] 5'YSSZ6 5âlT SM. jIlST4 H}Y ;\:YF S[ ;DFHGF D},UT lJRFZ HF6JFGL p5IMUL 5âlT K[Pc

X{1Fl6S lO,;}OLGF 1F[+[ T[GM IYFY" p5IMU lX1F6 lR\TSGF lJRFZMvjIlST T5F; VeIF;4 ;\:YF VeIF;G[ ê0F6YL T5F;[ K[P lJQFIJ:T] lJ`,[QF6GL lJX[QFTF V[ K[ S[ H[D H[D lJQFIJ:T]G]\ lJ`,[QF6 SZM T[D T[G[ JW] 5FDL XSFI K[ VG[ T[GF lJlXQ8 U]6G[4 ZC:IG[ lGS8YL HM. XSFI K[P VF 5älTYL ;D:IFGL 5âlT;ZGL VG[ UM9J6L5}J"SGL ZH}VFT Y. XS[ K[P

Page 8: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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s!f lJQFIJ:T]G]\ 5|FYlDS JF\RGP

sZf lJQFIJ:T]GF JUL"SZ6 DF8[ lJEFUMGL 5;\NULP

s#f J{RFlZS V[SDMG[ IMuI lJEFUDF\ D}SJFGM TSF"WFZP

s$f lJRFZ V[SDMG]\ :J~5 lGl`RT SZJ]\P

s5f J{RFlZS V[SDMG[ S|DDF\v;FZ6LAâ SZJF\P

s&f 5|F%I lJQFIJ:T]GL 5|FZ\lES GM\WM T{IFZ SZJLP

s*f lJRFZ lJEFUM VG[ lJQFIJ:T] V[SDM GSSL SZJFP

s(f GD}GF~5 J{RFlZS V[SDMGL 5;\NUL SZJLP

s)f J{RFlZS V[SDMG[ S|DDF\v;FZ6LAâ SZJF\P

s!_f 5'yYSZ6FtDS DF/B]\ T{IFZ SZJ]\P

s!!f 5|:T]T lJQFIJ:T] JF\RL HJLvB}8TL S0L XMWJLP

s!Zf VY"38G SZJ]\ VG[ VG]DFG SZJ]\P

s!#f VF\TlZS IYFY"TF T5F;JF ;];\UTTFGL S;M8L SZJLP

Page 9: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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NX"G

IMUNX"G 56 V[S NX"G K[P H[ DM1FGL :JT\+ XFBF VG[ lJRFZ XlST WZFJTF NX"GGF ~5DF\ lJSF; 5FD[, K[P IMUNX"G TM IMU lJQFIS ;JF"lWS U\ELZ NFX"lGS U|\YGF ~5DF\ ;FD[ VFJ[ K[P

Page 10: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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IMUGF VFlN VFRFI" lCZ^IUE"G[ DFGJDF\ VFJ[ K[P 5Z\T] H[JL ZLT[ VFI]J["NG]\ VJTZ6 D}/ A|ïFYL DFGJFDF VFJ[ K[4 T[JL ZLT[ JT"DFGDF\ lCZ^IUE" ;}+MGF VFWFZ[ DClQF" 5T\H,LV[ IMUG]\ lGDF6" SZ[, K[ V[D DFGJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

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T[D KTF ;F\5|T SF/DF\ ;FWFZ6 ,MSMDF\ 56 IMUG[ ;DHJFGL VG[ T[GM IYFXlST VeIF; SZJFGL lH7F;F HMJF D/[ K[P VFGF O/ :J~5[ VFH[ OST EFZTDF\ H GCL\ 5Z\T] ;DU| lJ`JDF\ IMUGL 5|FYlDS lX1FF 5|F%T YFI T[JL VG[S ;\:YFVM Vl:TtJDF\ VFJ[,L HMJF D/[ K[P H[ IMUlJnFGF lJSF;GF\ 5}ZFJF ~5[ SCL XSFIP

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s!f ;qT;rs ,rn~ bfr ;ksx% VYF"T DGGL T[ VJ:YF K[ S[ H[DF lRœGL ;DU| J'lœVM VFJL HFI K[P VF IMUFY" ccSD"SFZScc DF\ 5|I]ST YFI K[P sZf ;qT;rs ,usu~ bfr ;ksx% VYF"T H[GF J0[ ;DU| lRœ J'lœVMDF\ V[SFU|TF pt5gG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[4 T[ IMU K[P V[JM EFJFY" YFI K[P VF IMUFY" ccSFZ6SFZScc DF\ 5|I]ST YFI K[P s#f ;qT;rs rfLeu bfr ;ksx% VYF"TÍ H[DF\ lRœ J'lœVMGL V[SFU|TF pt5gG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P T[ IMU K[P VCL\ VlWSFZ6SFZSDF\ IMUFY" SZFI K[P s$f ;qftj~ ;ksx äFZF 56 IMU XaN AG[ K[P H[GM VY" YFI K[4 cHM0J]\c E[/JJ]\P s5f ;qtw lek/kks äFZF 56 IMU XaN AG[ K[P VG[ cIMU ;DFlWc GL H[D T[ ;DFlWGF\ 5IF"I ~5[ J5ZFI K[P H[GM VY" H ;DFlW YFI K[P SÕ]\ 56 K[ S[PPP

;qtw lek/kS bR;L;kr~ O;qR;u A lek/;FkksZ u rq ;qftj~ ;ksxs bR;L;kr la;ksxkFkZ A

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IMUGL 5lZEFQFF

ccÒJ VG[ A|ïG\] V[S YJ]\ VYJF ÒJFtDFG]\ 5ZDFtDF ;FY[ V[S YJ]\ v HM0FJ]\P VFD IMU V[ VFtDFGM 5ZDFtDF ;FY[ V[SFtD ;FWJFGM DFU" VYJF XF:+ K[P H[DF\ DFGJL VFltDS lJSF; ;FWLG[ A|ï :J~5 VYJF A|ïDI YFI K[P

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¼xhrk 9@23½ N]oBGF ;\IMUYL lJIMUG[ IMU TZLS[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

s#f ;ksx% deZ"kq dkS'kye~

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s$f leRoa ;ksx mP;rs

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s5f ;ksx cht

lekf/k% lerkoLFkk thokRe ijekReuks% A la;ksxks ;ksx bR;qdrks thokRe ijekReuks% AA

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VG[ R\§ VYJF šÒJFtDF 5ZDFtDF lJP lJ~â I]uFGF V[SLSZ6G[ IMU SC[ K[P VFtDF VG[ 5ZDFtDFGM ;\IMU V[8,[ IMUP

s&f foKku lafgre~ vuqHko ;qDre~

¼xhrk 9@1 ij 'kadjkpk;Z½VG]EJI]ST 7FG4 lJ7FG ;lCT ;%T K[P VG[ V[ H IMU K[P

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¼xhrk 9@22½ V,eI ,FE VYJF V5|F%T 5|F|l%T 56 IMU K[P

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s)f ;ksxkRefo'kq};s A ¼xhrk 6@12½

VFtD lJX]lâGF p5FI TZLS[ 56 IMU XaN 5|IMHFI K[P

s!_f VFtDNX"G VYJF TtJFE}lTGF p5FI −5DF\ 56 IMU XaNGM 5|IMU YI[, K[P

sp5lGQFN :JPlJPZFDCQF" 5'PIPsIMUf

s!!f S9M5lGQFNDF\ SC[JFDF\ VFjI]\ K[ S[4

^^rke~ ;ksxfufruU;rsfLFkjkabfU} /kkj.kke~ A**

VYF"TÍ H[DF\ .lgãIM l:YZ :J~5DF\ ;FWSGF JX Y. HFI T[ IMU K[P

s!Zf IMUJlXQ9DF\ IMUGL jIFbIF GLR[ D]HA VF5JFDF\ VFJL K[4

c;\;FZ ;FUZDF\YL 5FZ YJFGL I]lST IMU K[Pc

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IMUGF 5|SFZ

I3l5 IMU D}/E}T ~5YL V[S H K[PT[D KTF\ ;\IMU −5 wIFG VYJF ;DFlW −5 p5FI VYJF ;FWG DFU" −54 VY"GF VFWFZ[ V[GF lJlJW 5|SFZ[ lJSF; YIM CMI V[D ,FU[ K[P p5,aW 5|SFZMDF\YL S[8,FS 5|l;â E[NM VF 5|DF6[ K[P

� s!f IMU V[S K[P slR¿J'lT lGZMW ~5f

sV[SlJWf

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� s#f l+lJW ov 7FG4SD" VG[ ElSTIMU ~5 +6 5|SFZ K[P

� s$f RT]lJ"W ov sAf D\+IMU4 T5IMU4 C9IMU VG[ ZFHIMU

sBf VF;G4 5|F6FIFD4 wIFG VG[ ;DFlW

sCf 7FGIMU4 SD"IMU4 ElSTIMU VG[ ZFHIMU

� s5f 5\RlJlW ov IMU4 lGlNwIF;4 VFwIFltDSTF4 wIFG VG[

IMUlJlW

� s&f VQ8N[X ov ULTFGF !( VwIFIGF VFWFZ[ SC[, !( IMUP

� s*f S[8,LS HuIFV[ ;DFlW lS|IF V\;4 :5X" ;]ZlT IMU lJU[Z[G[ 56

IMU SC[,P

� s(f VFH[ 5}6"IMU sVZlJ\Nf4 VGF;lSTIMU sDCFtDF UF\WL f VG[

EFJIMU sDC[X IMULf lJU[Z[ H[JF IMUGF 5|SFZM HMJF D/[ K[P

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ZP5 5}J[" YI[,F ;\A\lWT U]6FtDS ;\XMWGMGL ;DL1FF

s!f 0[P s!)*Zf V[ cXF\lT lGS[TGvlJ`JEFZTLGM lJ`JXF\lTDF\ 5|NFGc lJX[ VeIF; CFY WZ[, CTMPV{lTCFl;S ÏlQ8SM6YL VeIF; CFY WZFIM CTMP

VeIF;GM D]bI C[T] ZJLãGFY 8FUMZ äFZF 5|IMHFI[, lX1F6G]\ VF\TZ ZFQ8=LI ;DH}TL4 XF\lTDF\ SZ[,]\ 5|NFG K[ T[ XMWJFGM CTMP

VeIF;GM DF5N\0 jIlSTGM jIlSTUT4 ;JF¥UL VG[ ;\JFlNT lJSF;4 jIlSTDF\ ;CSFZFtDS ;DH4 C}\O4 EF.RFZFGL EFJGF4 5Z:5ZGL ;DH6 VG[ ALHF T[JF H 5FIFGF DFGJLI D}<IMG[ 5|Mt;FCG VF5J]\ T[ CTMP lJ`JI]âMGF CFCFSFZYL B[N VG[ N]oB 5FD[,F\ C{IFG[ I]âGF VMYFZDF\YL ACFZ ,FJJF DF8[ 8FUMZ[

DFGJLGF DGDF\YL I]âG[ GFA}N SZJF lX1F6GM GJTZ 5|IMU SIM" CTM VG[ T[ S<5GF 5|DF6[ H 8FUMZGL lJ`JEFZTL XF\lT lGS[TG

lJSF; 5FDL CTLP

TFZ6M ov VF VeIF;GF TFZ6M GLR[ D]HA H6FIF\ CTF\P

s!f VeIF;DF\ 5`RFNŸE} TZLS[ lX1F6GF 1F[+DF\ 5|FRLGYL VFW]lGS ;DI ;]WL VF\TZZFQ8=LI ;DH6 1F[+[ lJSF;GF H]NFH]NF SFI"S|D CFY WZFIF CTF\P

sZf lX1F6GF 5FIFDF\ DFGJHFTG[ YI[, S0JF VG]EJM VG[ lJS'T ZFQ8=EFJGFG[ N}Z SZJFGF VG[ DF6;G[ DFGJ AGFJJFGF SFIM" CFY WZFIF\ CTF\P

s#f 8FUMZ[ H[ SF\. XF\lT lGS[TG VG[ lJ`JEFZTL äFZF DIF"lNT 1F[+DF\ SI]¥ T[ H I]G[:SM äFZF A[ NFISF AFN lJXF/ O,SDF\ SZJF 5|ItGM YIFP

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s$f zâFGF JFTFJZ6DF\ H DF6;vDF6; JrR[ ;DH}TL VG[ 5Z:5ZGL ;DH6 VG[ 5|X\;FGF U]6 äFZF CSFZFtDS ;DFH lGDF"6 YIM CTMP

s5f lJ`JXF\lT DF8[ XF\lT lGS[TG[ B]<,Mv:5Q8 5|ItG SIM" CTMP

s&f OST AF{lâS lJSF; GCL\4 5Z\T] EFJGFtDS4 ;F{gNIF"tDS VG[ VFwIFltDS lJSF;vDFGJLGF VFJF\ 5F;FGM lJSF; X{1Fl6S SFI"S|D äFZF H SZFIM CTMP

sZf lGIFh s!)*5f V[ HFlDIFvlDl,IFv.:,FlDIF I]lGJl;"8L4 lN<CLDF\ lXA,L ;\:YFGM V{lTCFl;S VeIF; CFY WIM" CTMP VF VeIF; D]l:,D 7FlTGF ;\NE"DF\ SZFIM CTMP

VF VeIF;GF D]bI C[T]VM VF 5|DF6[ CTFP

s!f D]l:,D ;FDFlHS H}Y VG[ lCgN]VMGF VFW]lGS lX1F6 5|tI[GF 5|lTEFJM HF6JF VG[ T[G]\ lJ`,[QF6 SZJ]\P sZf lXA,L X{1Fl6S R/J/GF J{RFlZS T[DH ;FDFlHS SFI"GM VeIF; SZJMP

VF VeIF; p¿Z5|N[XGF 5|F\lTI lJ:TFZDF\ VFJ[,L X{1Fl6S ;\:YFDF\ SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMPVF lJ:TFZGF D]l:,DMV[ 36L 5F`RFtI V;ZM hL,L CTLPH[GF SFZ6[ lX1F6GM jIF5 JwIM CTMP HDLGNFZM4 VlWSFZLVM VG[ jIJ;FlIS jIlSTVMV[ VF ;\:YFG[ lX1F6GL ;FYM;FY jIJ;FIGF H}Y TZLS[ :JLSFZL ,LWL CTLP T[YL VF ;\:YFDF\ prR lX1F6GM lJSF; VG[ jIFJ;FlIS lJSF; JrR[ ;\A\W HMJF D?IM CTMP

BF; VF VeIF;DF\ GM\WGLI AFAT V[ HMJF D/L S[ WFlD"S VeIF;S|D ;]WFZ6F SFI"S|D äFZF VFW]lGS lX1F6G[ ;DFJL ,LW]\ VG[ VFGF 5|IMUM GFNJF sNadvaf VG[ ;ZF.DLZ ;\:YF VFhDU- BFT[ YIF\ CTF\P

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TFZ6M ov VF VeIF;GF TFZ6M GLR[ D]HAGF\ H6FIF\ CTF\P

s!f .:,FD VG[ VFW]lGSTFGL JrR[ D{+LEFJ S[/JLG[ D]l:,D ;DFHDF\ lX1F6GM GJM 5|IMU X~ YIM CTMP

sZf V\U|[Ò EFQFF VG[ 5F`RFT lJQFIMG[ AFH] 5Z ZFBL .:,FlDS WFlD"SVeIF;S|DGL ;]WFZ6F SZL CTLP

s#f VFhDU- lH<,FDF\ VFW]lGS lX1F6 D[/JJFDF\ U|FDL6 D]l:,DM XC[ZL D]l:,DM SZTF\ VFU/ HMJF D?IF CTFL

s$f prR JU"GF D]l:,DMDF\ VFW]lGS lX1F6GF OFINFVM JWFZ[ N[BFTF CTFP HIFZ[ GLR,F :TZDF\YL VFJTF D]l:,DM VRSFTF CTFL

s5f lXA,L ;\:YFV[ VFW]lGS lX1F6 VG[ WFlD"S lX1F6GF ;DgJIGL 5âlT V5GFJL CTL VG[ T[ tIF\GL 5|HF äFZF 5|X\;F 5FDL CTLP

s#f H[PD;LC s!)*&f V[ lJN[XL lB|:TL DLXGZLVMG]\ EFZTLI lX1F6DF\ 5|NFGGM VeIF; CFY WIM" CTMP VF VeIF;GF C[T]VM GLR[ D]HA CTFP

!f BF; SZLG[ 8[SlGS,4 lJlXQ84 DlC,F S[/J6L4 VFlNJF;L DF8[G]\lX1F6 VG[ lX1F6 TF,LDGF 1F[+DF\ YI[,F ;D:TZLI4 lJQFI VG[

lJlJW 5|SFZGF lJSF;GL jIJl:YT DFlCTL D[/JJLP

Zf lX1F6 5âlTGF lJlJW BF; V\UM VeIF;S|D4 5F9IS|D4 lGZL1F64 5ZL1F6 JFlQF"S VG[ N{lGS lGIT ;DI5+S JU[Z[GL DFlCTL D[/JJLP

#f lB|:TL lDXGZLVMV[ T[GL lX1F6 5âlTDF\ H[ ZLT[ 5lZRI SZFjIM K[ T[GF VG];\WFGDF\ T[VMGL ;\:YFVMGF jIF5S O[,FJFV[ ;DSF,LG lX1F6 5âlTDF\ XL V;Z SZL K[ m VG[ T[GL lX1F6 5âlT S[8,L CN ;]WL EFZTLI :YFlGS lX1F6 5âlTDF\ VMT5|MT Y.G[ UM9JF. UI[,L K[ m VG[ T[ äFZF ZFQ8=LI lX1F6G[ ;D'â AGFJJFDF\ VF lDXGZLVM S[8,L ;CFIE}T AGL K[ T[ V\U[GL DFlCTL D[/JJLP

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#!

$f ,MS;D]NFI p5Z VG[ WFZFWMZ6 GSSL SZGFZFVMGL TZO[6 D[/JJF DF8[ T[DH lX1FS VG[ lX1F6 A\G[G[ ;FDFgI ZLT[ VG]S},G ;FWJFDF\ VF lDXGZLVM S[8,L ;CFIE}T AGL K[ T[ V\U[GL DFlCTL D[/JJLP

5f lB|:TL lDXGZLVMGL V;ZYL EFZTLI lX1F6 ;FZ]\ S[ BZFA H[ U6M T[ S[J]\ AgI]\ CT]\ T[GL DFlCTL D[/JJLP

&f HG;FDFgIGL l:YlT ;]WFZ6FGF DFwID TZLS[ lX1F6G[ U6GFZ :YFlGS ;\:YFVMGF SFI"G[ ;DF\TZ VF lB|:TL lDXGZLVMV[ X]\ SFI" SI]" K[ T[GL DFlCTL D[/JJLP

5|:T]T VeIF;DF\ 5|FYlDS VG[ DFwIlDS A\G[ 1F[+GM VeIF; SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMP BF; SZLG[ !)DL ;NLGF VF N;SFVMDF\ s!(__ YL !(Z#f ZFQ8=LI lX1F6G]\ :TZ S[J]\ CT]\ m

VF VeIF;GF GD}GFDF\ ;DFlJQ8 ;FlCtI TYF D],FSFT V[ DFlCTL D[/JJFG]\ p5SZ6 CT]\P VFGF J0[ H[ DFlCTL V[S+ Y. T[G[ VFWFZ[ VF VeIF; SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMP J6"GFtDS ;\XMWGGF V[S 5[8F 5|SFZ~5[ 5|:T]T VeIF;DF\ lJQFIJ:T]vlJ`,[QF6 sContent Analsisf GFDGL D]bItJ[ U]6FtDS ;\XMWG 5âlTGM p5IMU YIM CTMP

VF VeIF;GF C[T]VM VG];FZGF ÏlQ8SM6 J0[ lB|:TL lDXGZLVMGF lX1F6 5âlTvVeIF;S|Dv5lZ6FDM JU[Z[ H[JF\ ;FlCtIGF X{1Fl6S 5lZ6FDMG]\ U]6FtDS lJ`,[QF6 SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]\P

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VF VeIF;GF\ TFZ6M VF 5|DF6[ CTFP

!f N[XGF X{1Fl6S lJSF;GF\ DCtJGF\ AWF\ H 1F[+MDF\ SF,S|DFG];FZL VFWFZE}T VG[ jIJCFlZS ZLT[ wIFG B[\RJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P

Zf N[XGF DM8F EFUGF\ lJ:TFZMDF\ VF GJL 5âlTG]\ lX1F6 :JI\E} ZLT[ 5IF"º DF+FDF\ :JLS'lT 5FdI]\ CT]\P

#f !)DL ;NLGF 5}JF"WDF\ lDXGZL VFU[JFGMV[ ;HH0 ZLT[ ;FDGM SZJFDF VFjIM CTMP 5Z\T] VF VFU[JFGMV[ ;ZSFZ[ ZFHI X{1Fl6S ;UJ0MGL HMUJF.VM SZ[,L T[GL ;FD[ V;ZSFZS VG[ ;FTtI5}6"

VFS|D6 SI]" CT]\P

$f lB|:TL lDXGZLVMGL XF/FVM VG[ DCFXF/FVMV[ H]NF\ H]NF\ 36F\ 1F[+M VG[ 5lZl:YlTGL JrR[ VBTZFVM SZLG[ VG[ T[GF äFZF VG]EJ 5|F%T SZLG[ lJXF/ 5FIFJF/L lJ:T'T TZFC µEL SZL CTLP H]NF\ H]NF\ ZFHIMV[ TZFCDF\ H~ZL ;]WFZF JWFZF SZL 5lZ6FD :J~5 VF GJL TZFC V5GFJL ,LWL CTLP lX1F6G\] DF/B\] VG[ XF/FVMGF ;\S], S0S VFlY"S VG[ X{1Fl6S lGZL1F6 GLR[ AZFAZ UM9JFIF CTFP ZFHI[ :JLSFZ[,L 5âlT V\U[ lH<,F S1FFV[

lDXGZLVM äFZF T[GL jIJl:YT GM\W 56 ,[JFDF\ VFJL K[P

5f IMuI lX1F6 5âlT VG[ WFlD"S lX1F6 VF5JFGL T[DH U]6FtDS ;}RGM SZJFGF VF A\G[ C[T]VM AZFAZ l;â Y. XS[ T[ DF8[ VF lDXGZL VFU[JFGMV[ lGZL1F6G\] H~ZL DF/B\] 56 jIJl:YT ZLT[ UM9jI\] CT\]P

VF AWFG\] CSFZFtDS 5F;\] V[ CT\] S[ lGIlDT ZLT[ YM0F YM0F ;DI[ 5ZL1F6 56 YI\] CT\] VG[ ;DIF\TZ[ VC[JF,M 56 T{IFZ SZJFDF\ VFJTF CTFP BFGUL 1F[+ VG[ U|Fg8 .G V[.0GL ZLT[ VF lX1F6 5âlT ZFHIEZDF\ UM9JFI[, CTLP

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;ZSFZGL JFZ;FUT GA/F. VG[ T[G[ ,LW[ µEL YTL VjIJ:YFG[ N}Z SZJFDF\ VF U|Fg8 .G V[.0 5âlTGF :JLSFZG[ ,LW[ ;Z/TF Y. CTLP

&f lDXGZL lX1F6lJNŸM äFZF G}TG S[/J6LGF 1F[+DF\ T[GF VeIF;S|DDF\ H[ ;]WFZFVM SZFIF CTF T[ wIFG B[\R[ T[JF K[P ;LDFlRCŸG ~5 K[P lDXGZL lX1F6lJNMV[ 5|FYlDS S1FFV[ DFT'EFQFFDF\ lX1F6 VF5JFGF VlEUDG[ p¿[HG VF%I\] K[P V\U|[Ò EFQFF 56 lXBJJFDF\ VFJTL CTL VG[ WFlD"S lX1F6G[ 56 5|FWFgI VF5JFDF\ VFJT\] CT\]P

*f lJnFYL"VMG[ DFU"NX"G VF5JFGL lDXGZLVMGL p¿D ZLT V[ CTL S[ lX1F6GF lJSF; 5Z ;CGXL, 5|EFJ VG[ lJXF/ lGWF"ZS TZLS[ jIF5S ZLT[ T[GM :JLSFZ YIM CTMP N[XEZDF\ T[GM 5MTFGF TZLS[ 56 VF VlEUD :JLSFIM" CTMP lDXGZL ;\:YFVMG]\ U]6FtDS VlEIFG ZFHIMV[ V[DGL TZO[6DF\ 5MTFGL DFgITF 5ZT B[\RL ,[JF ;DFG CT]\P

(f ;F\5|T XF/FVMDF\ VD,DF\ CTL V[JL SM.56 5âlTGL ;FD[ T[D6[ JWFZ[ 5âlT;ZGL V[S;ZBL ;}RGFVM ZH} SZL CTLP

VF 5|lS|IFVM XF/FVMG[ VgI 5|IMUM SZTF\ V8SFJL DFgI ZLTEFT :JLSFZFJL ,LWL CTLP

)f lX1FSMG[ W\WFSLI ZLT[ DNNUFZ YJF DF8[ T[6[ J{RFlZS lX1F6 TF,LD SFI"S|DMGL jIJ:YF UM9JL CTLP

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!_f T[D6[ ;:TF\ VG[ VG]S}/ 5F9I5]:TSM 5|F%T SZFjIF\ CTF\P

!!f 5FZ\5lZS ZLT[ lX1FSMG[ T[G\] J[TG ;LWL ZLT[ lJnFYL"VM 5F;[YL J:T]GF ~5DF\ VG[ :J{lrKS ZLT[ D/T\] CT]\P

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T[D6[ lUH]EF.GF lX1F6 lJQFIS 5|NFGGM VeIF; SZJF GLR[ D]HAGF C[T]VM GSSL SIF" CTFP

s!f lUH]EF.GF ÒJGGL VFKL ~5Z[BFGM VeIF; SZJMP

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s#f V[ SF/GF EFZTG]\ S[/J6L lJQFIS lR+ sI]ZM54 EFZT VG[ U]HZFTG]\ 56f H[ 5lZl:YlTDF\ lUH]EF.V[ 5MTFG]\ SFD X~ SI]" T[ 5lZl:YlTGF lR+GM VeIF; SZJMP

s$f lUH]EF.GF QF0ŸlJW 5|NFGGM VeIF; SZJMP

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VF VeIF;GF TFZ6M VF 5|DF6[ D?IF\ CTF\P

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s!f U]~S]/ VDNFJFNGM .lTCF;vlJSF;GM VeIF; SZJMP

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s$f VeIF;[¿Z 5|J'l¿VMGM VeIF; SZJM VG[ T[ lJnFYL" lJSF;DF\ S[8,L 5}ZS K[ T[ HF6J]\ sH[JL S[ ZDTUDT4 ;\ULT4 ;F\:S'lTS 5|J'l¿ JU[Z[fP

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s&f lX1FSMGF jIJ;FlIS ;\TMQFGM VeIF; SZJM VG[

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s)f JU"jIJ:YF Well Equipped K[P

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s#f XF DF8[ m S[JL ZLT[ Gl0IFN lH<,FV[ lDXGZLVMG[ X{1Fl6S SFI" DF8[ VFD\+6 VF%I]\ m

s$f SIF 5|SFZG]\ lX1F6 VG[ S[JL ZLT[ s5âlTf lDXGZLVM lX1F6GL jIJ:YF SZJF DF\U[ K[ m

s5f lDXGZLVM lX1F6G[ WD" 5lZJT"GG]\ ;FWG DFGTF CTF m

s&f WD" 5lZJT"G SZ[,F ,MSMGL 5C[,F VG[ 5KLGL 5lZl:YlTDF\ SF\. GM\W5F+ O[ZOFZ YIM H6FI K[ m

s*f lDXGZLVM ;DFHGF p5,F JU"G[ VFSQFL" XSIF K[ m S[ OST VFlNJF;L4 VG];}lRT HFlTqHGHFlT4 5KFT ,MSMG[ H 5|EFJDF\ ,. XSIF K[ m

s(f lDXGZLVM äFZF 5|;FZ 5FDT\] lX1F6 :YFlGS ,MSMG[ DFgI CT\] m

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s!_f 5|M8[:8g8 lDXGZLVMGL 5|J'lTVM GFX 5FDL VG[ S[Yl,S lDXGZLVMGL 5|J'l¿ lJSF; 5FDL XF DF8[ m

s!!f ZFHI ;ZSFZ4 ;\3qAM0" VG[ lDXGZLVM JrR[ X{1Fl6S ;\3QF" CTM S[ ;CSFZEI]" JFTFJZ6 CT\] m

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s*f lUa;G lD0, :S},DF\GF OLGF WMZ6M lJX[ VeIF; SZJMP

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s$f zL WDF"Y" ZFl+ lJnF,IDF\ lJnFYL"VMG[ VeIF; ;FDU|L XF/FDF\YL H VF5JFDF\ VFJTL CTLP

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!$f VF ;\:YF äFZF NFB, YI[,F lC\NL EFQFFGL 5ZL1FFVM VFH[ N[XjIF5L AGL R}SL K[P VF AFATDF\ lJnF5L9G]\ S[/J6LGF 1F[+[ S[8,]\ DCtJ K[ T[ NXF"J[ K[P

s!5f V[DP V[,PDSJF6F sZ___f V[ zL :JFDL lJJ[SFG\N U<;" CF.:S}, S[XMNGM VeIF; CFY WIM" CTMP

T[DGF VeIF;GF C[T]VM VF D]HA CTFP

s!f XF/FGL EF{lTS ;]lJWF V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP sZf ;F\:S'lTS SFI"S|DM V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP s#f XF/FGF lX:TGF lGIDM V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP s$f lX1FSM VG[ lJnFYL"GL ;\bIF V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP s5f XF/FDF\ :JFwIFI V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP s&f XF/FDF\ lX1F6 v5ZL1FF 5âlT V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP s*f XF/FGL ;FDFlHS ;[JF V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP s(f XF/FGF JFTFJZ6 V\U[GM VeIF; SZJMP s)f XF/FGF E}T5}J" lJnFYL"VM 5F;[YL XF/F lJX[GF VlE5|FIM D[/JJFP

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5|IMHS[ p5I]"ST C[T]VMG[ VG]~5 VeIF; V\U[ !Z VeIF; 5|`GMGL ZRGF SZL CTLP

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5|IMHS[ V[Sl+T SZ[,L DFlCTLG]\ U]6FtDS 5âlT äFZF 5'YÞZ6 SI]Å CT]\ T[DH 5|`GFJ,L äFZF D/[, DFlCTLG]\ SF\. JU" J0[ ;\bIFtDS lJ`,[QF6 SZL TFZ6M D[/jIF\ CTF\ H[ 5{SL D]bI TFZ6M GLR[ D]HA CTF\P

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s5f VeIF;GF VFWFZ[ ;\:YFGL SFDULZLG[ JW] 5|EFJS AGFJJF DF8[GF ;}RGM SZJFP

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TFZ6Mov 5|:T]T VeIF;GF D]bI TFZ6M GLR[ D]HA K[ P

s!f c;[JFc ;\:YFG[ T[GF D}<IMGF VFWFZ[ DH}ZM4 DFl,SM4 dI]lGl;5Fl,8L SD"RFZLVM4 VlWSFZLVM T[DH ZFHI VG[ ZFQ8=LI :TZGL ;ZSFZM ;FY[ SFD SZJFDF\ VJFZGJFZ VJZMWM G0TF CTFP KTF\ ;O/TF5}J"S ;O/ YI]\ K[P

sZf SFZBFGFGF SFDNFZMG[ SFDNFZ TZLS[ :JLS'lT V5FJL K[4

s#f ;\U9GGF SFI"SZM4 ;\U9GMGL ;\bIF JWFZJL4 ;\IMHSM JWFZ[ ;DI OF/J[ T[JL jIJ:YF SZ[, CTL4

s$f ;[JF A[gS[ ARTBFTF G CMI T[JF SD"RFZL q zlDSMG[ WLZF6 DF8[ J{Sl<5S jIJ:YF lJRFZ[, CTL4 VG[

s5f H}Y VFU[JFGMG[ DFGNŸ J[TG VF5JFGL jIJ:YF lJRFZ[, CTLP

s!*f N[JF6L sZ__#f ov

V[ ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGM ;\:YFSLI jIlST VeIF; CFY WIM" CTMP VF VeIF;GF D]bI C[T]VM GLR[ D]HA CTF\P

s!f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGL :YF5GFGF C[T]VMGM VeIF; SZJMP

sZf ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGF 5|J[XGL SFI"JFCL lJX[ HF6J]\P

s#f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGF lJnFYL"VMGL ;\bIFGF lJSF;GM VeIF; SZJMP

s$f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGF X{1Fl6S :8FOGL ,FISFT VG[ T[DG[ D/TF J/TZGM VeIF; SZJMP

s5f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGL XF/FSLI EF{lTS ;]lJWFVMGM VeIF; SZJMP

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s(f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGF lJnFYL"VMGL lNGRIF"GM VeIF; SZJMP

s)f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGL lJlXQ8 l;lâVMGM VeIF; SZJMP

s!_f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGF lJnFYL"VMGF VeIF; 5}6" SIF" 5KLGF jIFJ;FlIS lJSF;GL TSMGM VeIF; SZJMP

s!!f ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGF 5IF"JZ6vJFTFJZ6GM VeIF; SZJMP

s!Zf ;{lGS :S}, AF,FR0LGF jIJ:YF5GGM VeIF; SZJM VG[

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TFZ6M ov VeIF;GF D]bI 5'YSSZ6 SZL TFZ6M D[/jIF CTF\P

s!f ;{lGS :S},GL X~VFT HFDGUZ BFT[ ( H],F. !)&!YL SZJFDF\ VFJL CTLP N[XDF\ VFJL #( XF/FVM RF,[ K[P

sZf XF/FG]\ :8[8D[g8 VF D]HA K[ o VF XF/FVMG]\ D]bI ,1I I]JSMG[ X{1Fl6S ZLT[ VG[ DFGl;S ZLT[ T{IFZ SZJFG]\ CT]\ S[ H[YL T[VM ZFQ8=LI ARFJ ;\:YFDF\ 5|J[X D[/JL XS[P

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s5f VF XF/F 5*5 lJnFYL"VMGL ;DFJ[X 1FDTF WZFJ[ K[ VG[

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VF VeIF;GF D]bI C[T]VM GLR[ 5|DF6[ CTFP

s!f ,MSEFZTL U|FDlJnF5L9GL :YF5GF ;DI[ T[GF :YF5SGF DGDF\

D]bItJ[ S. S. AFATM CTL T[GM VeIF; SZJMP

sZf ,MSEFZTLGF wIFGD\+GM VeIF; SZJMP

s#f ,MSEFZTLGF A\WFZ6 VFWFlZT p¡[XMGM VeIF; SZJMP

s$f ,MSEFZTLDF\ U|FDprRlX1F6 DF8[ RF,TF ,MS;[JF DCFlJnF,IGF

U|FDlJnFGF VeIF;S|DGF DF/BFDF\ AN,FTF 5|JFC ;FY[ YI[,F

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s5f ,MSEFZTLDF\ U|FDlX1F6GF VeIF;S|DG[ VG]A\lWT RF,TF

UF{XF/F sB[TLJF0L4 G;"ZL4 3p\ ;\XMWG S[gã4 lJ:TZ6 VG[ ,MSlJ7FG

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s!f ,MSEFZTL U|FDlJnF5L9 V[ ,MSFlED]B U|FD prRlX1F6GL BMH V[

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sZf ,MSEFZTLV[ p5lGQFNDF\YL :JLSFZ SZ[,M T[GF wIFGD\+DF\ T[GF ;FWG

VG[ ;FwI ;FZL ZLT[ jIST YFI K[P

s#f ,MSEFZTLDF\ RF,TF lJlJW VeIF;S|DMDF\ ;DI VG[ ;DFHG[

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s$f ,MSEFZTLDF\ RF,TF VeIF;S|DGL ,F1Fl6STFVM VG[ SFI"

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s(f ,MS;[JF DCFlJnF,IGF lJnFYL"VM äFZF lX1F64 5X]5F,G4 :JT\+

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AFUFIT JU[Z[ 1F[+MDF\ IMUNFG VF5[, K[P

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VF VeIF;GF D]bI C[T]VM GLR[ 5|DF6[ CTFP

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s(f U|FD Nl1F6FD}lT" ;\:YFGL KF+F,IGL 5|J'l¿VM VG[ lJnFYL"VM 5Z

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H[GFYL T[ DFGJqDF6; AG[P ;\J[NGvS−6FEFJ 5|U8[ T[ äFZF

VFJTLSF,GL DFGJ ;\:S'lTGM 5FIM GF\BJFG]\ D]bI TFZ6 CT]\P

sZf U|FD Nl1F6FD}lT"GM D]bI p¡[X UFD0F\VMDF\ J;TL UZLA VG[

V7FG 5|HFG[ ;tI VG[ VlC\;FGF 5FIF 5Z ZRFI[,L ;JFÅUL

S[/J6L VF5JLP

s#f KF+F,I ÒJGGF U'CSFI"4 5|FY"GF4 :JI\lX:T4 zDBFNL4 :5WF"

ClZOF.GM V:JLSFZ4 T\N]Z:T JFTFJZ6 VG[ U|FD Nl1F6FD}lT"GL TDFD

X{1Fl6S 5|J'l¿GM ÒJFTF ÒJG ;FY[ VG]A\W T[ U|FD Nl1F6FD}lT"GL

p5<FlaW CTLP

s$f ,MSXF/FGF VeIF; äFZF lJnFYL"VM 5lZzDL pt5FNS GFUlZSM AgIF

K[P pnMUGF lX1F6YL lJnFYL"VM :JFJ,\AL4 DC[GT] VG[ XZLZzDG[

VFNZvDFG VF5TF YIF K[P

s5f lJnFYL"VMG[ VG[S 5|SFZGF HJFANFZLEIF" SFDM p5F0JFGL VG[ T[

SFDMG[ 5FZ 5F0JFGL TF,LD D/L K[P H[DF\ V[GF :JFJ,\AG4

;lCQ6]TF4 :JFG]EJ4 S]X/TF4 ;FDFlHS U]6MGM ;FZM V[JM lJSF; YIM

K[P

s&f U|FD Nl1F6FD}lT"DF\ lJnFYL"G[ ZC[JFvHDJF VG[ VeIF;GL 5|J'l¿ DF8[

;FZL ;]lJWF D/[ K[P

s*f U|FD Nl1F6FD}lT"DF SFI"STF"VM VG[ lJnFYL" TYF U'C5lT VG[

U'CDFTF TYF ;\:YF ;FY[GF ;FZF ;\A\WM K[P

s(f U|FD Nl1F6FD}lT"GM RFlZÈ 30TZGL VG[ ;FlCtIS ~lR TYF

GFUlZS 30TZDF\ p¿D OF/M K[P

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ZP& 5}J[" YI[,F ;\XMWGGL ;\IMHGFtDS ;DL1FF

;\XMWS[ ;\A\lWT ;\XMWGMGL ;DL1FF SZJF DF8[ GLR[GF H[JF 5|`GM T{IFZ SIF" CTFP

!f ;\XMWS SM6 CTF m

Zf VeIF;GL S1FF S. CTL m

#f SIF JQF"DF\ ;\XMWGSFI" YI[,\] CT\] m

$f S. I]lGJl;"8LDF\ SFI" YI[,\] CT\] m

5f GD}GM S[J0M CTM m GD}GF 5;\NULGL ZLT S. CTL m

&f p5SZ6M SIF JF5Z[,F CTF m

*f ;\XMWG 5wWlT S. CTL m

(f DFlCTL 5'YÞZ6 DF8[ S. V\S XF:+LI 5|I]lST JF5ZJFDF\ VFJL CTL m

5|`GM wIFGDF\ ZFBLG[ ;\A\lWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FF SZ[,L CTLP

;\A\lWT ;\XMWGMGL DFlCTL ;FZ6LDF\ NXF"J[,L K[P

Page 57: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

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Page 58: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

*!

Page 59: Ph.D. Jhala Sir - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9707/7/07_chapter 2.pdf · z_ ljqfij:t] 5'yssz6 szjf ;\xmws[ t[g]\ rms9]\ sframe workf hf6j]\ h~zl k[p h[yl

*Z

ZP* ;DL1FF DF8[GF ;\XMWGGL ,F1Fl6STFVMG\] lJ`,[QF6

;\AlWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FF DF8[ H]NFH]NF ;\XMWGMDF\ HMJF D/TL ,F1Fl6STFVMG]\ lJ`,[QF6 SZLG[ ;DL1FF DF8[GF 5|`GM VG[ p¿ZMGL DFlCTL D/[ K[P E}TSF/DF\ Y. UI[, ;\A\lWT ;\XMWGGL ,F1Fl6STFVMG]\ lJ`,[QF6 GLR[ 5|DF6[ K[P

;DL1FF DF8[GF ;\XMWGMDF\ ( V[DPV[0ŸP S1FFGF TYF !! 5LPV[RP0LP S1FFGF ;\XMWGM CTFP VF ;\XMWGM .P;P!)*Z YL Z__* ;]WLDF\ YI[,F CTFP

;DL1FF DF8[ 5;\N SZ[,F ;\XMWGMDF\ v

s!f V[S V<CFAFN I]lGJl;"8LG]\P

sZf V[S lJ`JEFZTL XF\lTlGS[TGG]P

s#f V[S hFlDIF4 lDl,IF p:DFlGIF I]lGJl;"8L4 lN<CLG]\P

s$f V[S VF;FD I]lGJl;"8L UF{CF8LG]\P

s5f V[S S,S¿F I]lGJl;"8LG\]P

s&f V[S U]HZFT lJnF5L9G]\P

s*f V[S V[DPV[;P I]lGJl;"8L J0MNZFG]\P

s(f V[S ;FT ;F{ZFQ8= I]lGJl;"8L4 ZFHSM8GFP

s)f A[ U]HZFT I]lGJl;"8L VDNFJFNGF TYF

s!_f +6 EFJGUZ I]lGJl;"8L4 EFJGUZDF\ YI[,F VeIF;M CTFP

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*#

;DL1FF DF8[ 5;\N SZ[,F ;\XMWGMGL lJUTM GLR[ D]HA CTLP

s!f 5F\R X{1Fl6S ;\:YFVMGF S[/J6LDF\ VG[ ZFQ8=LI lJSF; ;\NE"DF\ T[DGF 5|NFGG[ ;\A\lWT CTFP

sZf RFZ VeIF;M ;\:YFlSI JFTFJZ6 VG[ X{1Fl6S 5|A\W TYF lJWFYL"GL V\S]X lJEFJGF ;\A\lWT CTFP

s#f K VeIF;M lJlJW ;\:YFVMGF jIlST,1FL VeIF; ;\A\lWT CTFP H[DF\ ;\:YFGL :YF5GFYL lJlJW AFATM H[JL S[ EF{lTS ;]lJWFVM4 lJnFYL"VMGL

;\bIFGF lJSF;GL TZ[C ;CVeIF;S VG[ ;F\:S'lTS 5|J'l¿VM JU[Z[GF[ VeIF; SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMP

p5ZMST VeIF;MDF\ DFlCTL V[Sl+SZ6 DF8[ ;\:YFGF Z[SM0"4 ~A~ D],FSFTM4 5|`GFJ,L4 VlE5|FIFJ,L4 lJQFIJ:T] lJ`,[QF64 1vU]6M¿Z VG[ 5|`GFJl,GF 5|ltFRFZMG]\ SM.JU" S;M8L H[JL ;\bIFtDS lJ`,[QF6 H[JL 5âlTGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMP

ZP( 5|:T]T ;\XMWGG\] VF{lRtI

5|:T]T ;\XMWGGL lJX[QFTF VF D]HA CTLP

;DL1FF DF8[ 5;\N YI[,F Z_ ;\XMWGMDF\ IMU lX1F6 lJQFIS V[S 56 VeIF; YI[,M GYLP 5|:T]T VeIF; ,S],LX IMU lJnF,IG\] IMU lX1F6DF\ 5|NFG lJQFIS CTMP

5}J[" YI[,F ;\XMWGMDF\ GD}GF TZLS[ N:TFJ[Ò ;FlCtI VG[ D],FSFTGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMP 5|:T]T VeIF;DF\ ,S],LX IMU lJnF,IGL TYF T[GF 5[8F S[gãMGL JFZ\JFZ D],FSFT T[DH ,S],LX IMU lJnF,IGL lX1F6 5|6F,L 5|tI1F TYF 5ZM1F ZLT[ HF6GFZ DCFG]EJM4 E}T5}J" lJnFYL"VM4 ;\:YFGF ;\RF,SzLVMGL ~A~ D],FSFT ,[JFDF\ VFJL CTLP VFD DFlCTL V[Sl+SZ6 DF8[ lJX[QF 5âlTGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMP

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5}J[" YI[,F ;\XMWGMDF\ jIlST lJX[QFGF 5|NFGM4 T[DH 5|FYlDS VG[ DFwIlDS XF/FVMGF ;\:YFSLI VeIF;MGM ;DFJ[X YIM CTMP T[DH U]HZFT lJnF5L94 ,MSXF/F VF\A,F4 ,MSEFZTL ;6M;ZF H[JL X{1Fl6S ;\:YFVMGM VeIF; YIM CTMP 5Z\T] U]HZFTGL V[S DF+ IMU lX1F6 VF5TL IMU lJnF,IGF 5|NFG V\U[GM U]HZFT ZFHIGL I]lGJl;"8LVMDF\ VF 5|YD 5|IF; CTMP

;DL1FF DF8[ 5;\N YI[,F ;\XMWGMDF\ !)*Z YL Z__*GF ;DIUF/FDF\ ;\:YFSLI jIlST,1FL VeIF; lJQFIS S[8,FS VeIF; YIF CTF4 5Z\T] EFZT N[X VFhFN YIF AFN IMU VeIF; 1F[+[ SFD SZTL ;\:YF lJQFIS VeIF; U]HZFT ZFHIDF\ YI[,F H6FIF GYLP IMU lX1F6 lJQFIS SFDULZLGM VeIF; SZJFGL K[<,F 5_ JQF"DF\ 5|IMHSGL ;DU| U]HZFT ZFHIDF\ VF 5C[, CTLP

CJ[ 5KLGF 5|SZ6DF\ ;\XMWG IMHGF VG[ T[GF VFWFZM ZH} SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[P