Pharmacology

Chapter 17

Pharmacology

Definition The effect of drugs on the body and

the effect of the body on drugs

Naming of Drugs

Each drug has 3 names Its chemical name

Specifies chemical structure Generic name

Name used by other companies Trade names

Name used by the company who received the patent for it.

Naming of Drugs (example)

Tylenol Chemical name

N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide Generic name

Acetaminophen Trade name

Tylenol

Classification of Drugs 3 classifications Over the counter drugs (OTC)

Ibuprofen, Tylenol, Aleve Prescription drugs (Rx)

Naprosyn, Amoxicillin Controlled Substances or scheduled drugs

Both OTC and RX medicines fall under a schedule of drug

Scheduled drugs

Schedule I high abuse potential, no accepted

medical use Schedule II

high abuse potential, accepted medical use

Schedule III Lower abuse potential, accepted medical

use

Scheduled drugs

Schedule IV lower abuse potential than schedule 3,

accepted medical use Schedule V

lowest abuse potential, some non prescription

Schedule drugs cont.

Examples Schedule I

Heroin, Marijuana, LSD Schedule II

Cocaine, Codeine, Morphine, Methamphetamine, THC

Schedule III Anabolic steroids,

Schedule drugs cont.

Schedule IV Valium, Xanax

Schedule V Cough mixtures containing codeine, Anti-

diarrheal mixtures with opium

Common Therapeutic Categories

Analgesics Antibiotics Anti-hypertensives Anti-inflammatory drugs Asthma drugs Anti-fungal

Analgesics

Pain Reliever NSAID’s, Opioids

Antibiotics

Kills bacterial infections Penicillin

Anti-hypertensives

Decrease blood pressure, hypertension, and relaxes

Beta 2- blockers, diuretics

Anti-inflammatory

Decrease swelling NSAID’s

Asthma Drugs

Helps with controlling asthma Albuterol

Anti-fungal

Kills fungal infections Lamisil, Tinactin, Oral Diflucan (for

ring worm)

Administration

Drugs can be administered many different ways Oral Sublingual or buccal Rectal Topical Inhalation Injection

Common Medications uses and differences

Tylenol Analgesic and anti-pyretic

Advil Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic

Bayer Asprin Anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, anti-coagulant

and analgesic Aleve

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic

Drug testing Drug testing is different in many different settings.

Colleges Each college usually has monthly drug tests that test for

illegal/illicit drugs NCAA

The NCAA does their testing once a semester for anabolic steroids and other performance enhancing agents.

Olympic Test for all drugs including steroids, illegal drugs. They use the world anti-drug agency’s list of banned

substances Professional

Test for mainly illegal illicit drugs and steroids. They also have randomized testing that varies team to team.