PHARMACOLOGY

What is pharmacology?

Pharmacology the field of medicine that studies drugs

DrugsDrugs: chemical or biological substances used in the prevention or treatment of diseaseDrugs: prescribed by a doctor ( prescribe medication)Drugs: sold at a pharmacyDrugs: dispensed by a pharmacist

DrugsDrugs: obtained from many different sourcesParts of plantsAnimalsChemical substances that are synthesized in the laboratory

Drug namesChemical nameGeneric name (official name)Trade name (brand name, proprietary name)

Chemical namethe chemical formula for the druga long and complicated namethe structure of the drug

Generic name (official name)a shorter, less complicated namea shorthand version of the drugs chemical name, structure, or formulaone generic name for each drug

Trade namethe name developed by the drug manufacturerbeing capitalized the first letter for example: phenytoin is the generic name and Dilantin is a trade name for the same drug .the private property of the companyMost drugs having several brand namesoften suggesting a characteristic of the drug, for example:

Trade nameLopressor lowers blood pressure,Vivactil is an antidepressant that might make a person more vivacious Glucotrol controls high blood sugar (glucose) levelsSkelaxin relaxes skeletal muscles a shortened version of the drugs generic namefor example, Minocin for minocycline

Administration of drugsoral administrationsublingual administrationrectal administrationparenteral administrationinhalationtopical applicationExercise C, E

Administration of drugsoral administration: drugs are given by mouth.sublingual administration: drugs are given by placement under the tongue.rectal administration: drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum

Administration of drugsparenteral administration: drugs are given by injection into the skin, muscles, or veinsinhalation: administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouthtopical application: drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body

Classes of drugsExercise I

Classes of drugsAnalgesics: drugs that relieve painAnesthetics: drugs that reduce or eliminate sensationAntibiotics: chemical substances produced by a plant or microorganism that have the ability to inhibit or kill foreign organisms in the body.Anticoagulants: drugs that prevent the clotting of bloodAnticonvulsants: drugs that prevent convulsionsAntidepressants: drugs that treat symptoms of depression

Classes of drugsAntidiabetics: drugs that treat diabetes mellitusAntihistamines: drugs that block the action of histamine and help prevent symptoms of allergyCardiovascular drugs: drugs that act on the heart and blood vesselsEndocrine drugs: drugs that act on hormonesGastrointestinal drugs: drugs that relieve uncomfortable symptoms of dieases of digestive tractRespiratory drugs

Classes of drugsSedatives: drugs that relax and calm nervousnessStimulants: drugs that excite and promote activity