PH LE

VELS IN

SOFT D

RINKS

BY RUDI AKER, BELLA DUNCAN, SARAH CLARKSON AND DAVID S.

ACIDS IN SOFT DRINKS

Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4 )

CAS Registry number: 7664-38-2

Molar mass: 98.00g/mol

Citric Acid (C6H8O7 ∙ H2O)CAS Registry number: 5949-29-1Molar Mass: 210.14g/mol

HEALTH EFFECTS

There are virtually no health benefits in consuming soft drinks due to the high levels of sugars and chemicals. However there are several risks when consuming this product. These risks include, but are not limited to obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes, tooth decay, and heart disease.

LEVELS OF PH IN SOFT DRINKS

The pH levels in soft drinks range from 2.0-4.0, yet most fall between the range of 2.5-3.0.

Example:

Pepsi has a pH level of 2.530 while Mug Root beer has a ph level of 4.038.

INSTRUMENTATION – PH ELECTRODE

The instrumentation necessary for this analysis is the pH electrode.

The pH electrode works by measuring the activity of the hydrogen ions which produces an electrical charge. The electrode procedure is based on a principle that electricity develops when two different substances (of different pH) come together at opposite sides of the glass membrane.

HOW TO CARRY OUT THE ANALYSIS

1. Plug the pH electrode into the computer2. Make sure the computer program has automatically turned on3. Take the pH electrode and rinse it with distilled water (so there is no contamination)4. Pat the pH electrode dry with paper towel5. Place the pH electrode into the solution6. Get the pH reading from the computer7. Take the pH electrode from the solution and rinse it with distilled water8. Pat the pH electrode dry with paper towel9. Continue doing steps 7-10 until each solution has been tested

NECESSARY SKILLS AND INFORMATION

A few things that we will need to know to preform this analysis are:How to use the pH electrodeHow to compare pH levels

Phosphoric acid. (2011, November 17). Retrieved from http://www.chemistry-reference.com/q_compounds.asp?CAS=7664-38-2

SOURCES

Citric acid, monohydrate msds. (2011, November). Retrieved from http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9923495

Jain, P., Nihill, P., Sobkowshi, J., & Agustin, M. Z. (2007, February 21). Commercial soft drinks: ph and in vitro dissolution of enamel. Retrieved from http://www.agd.org/support/articles/?ArtID=923

Jacobson, M. F. (2005, June). Liquid candy. Retrieved from http://www.cspinet.org/new/pdf/liquid_candy_final_w_new_supplement.pdf

Seitz, J. (2008). Designing with ph electrodes. Retrieved from www.national.com/assets/en/appnotes/national_AN-1852.pdf