PETRUS-III PROJECT

(Contract Number: FP7 - 605265)

Deliverable: D3.34

Running the first training course

Nature of the deliverable

R Report

P Prototype

D Demonstrator

O Other x

Author(s): Francisco Javier Elorza.

Reporting period: 2

Date of issue of this report: 30/09/2016

Start date of project: 01/09/2013 Duration: 36 Months

Project co-funded by the European Commission under the Euratom Research and Training Programme on

Nuclear Energy within the Seventh Framework Programme

Dissemination Level

PU Public x

PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) ..

RE Restricted to a group specified by the partners of the PETRUS III project ..

CO Confidential, only for partners of the PETRUS III project ..

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 2/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

DISTRIBUTION LIST

URL: http://...

Name Number of copies Comments

electronic copy via website

and / or email

.

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 3/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Scope WP3 deliverable n° 34 Version: 1

Type/No. Other Total pages 14

Title: Running the first training course Chapters:

Filename: Suppl. pages: 0

Internet Phase N/A

ABSTRACT:

This document gives an overview of the training courses given during the first annual

Petrus PhD event. The event was held in Université de Lorraine, Mines Nancy, France,

from 22nd to 26th June of 2015. Seven expert lecturers presented the current state-of-the-

art. This report gives a summary of the lectures

RESPONSIBLE:

Francisco Javier Elorza Tenreiro

INTERNAL REFERENCES: N/A

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 4/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Signatures

Name Signature Date

Prepared by Francisco Javier Elorza

Tenreiro, Guillermo Serrano

Blanco

30/09/2016

Revised by Francisco Javier Elorza

Tenreiro 15/10/2016

Approved by: Behrooz Bazargan Sabet

30/10/2016

Document history

Identifier Date Short description

Abbreviations

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 5/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Introduction

The event is an opportunity for selected PhD students to present their works in all areas related to

radioactive waste management and disposal. Special prizes will be awarded in both oral

presentation and poster sessions.

The location of this event was the Université de Lorraine, Mines Nancy, France.

The conference had two main components: (i) a school – where expert lectures were given; (ii) a

conference – where the participants could present their work and get feedback.

This document provides a summary of the expert lectures.

Expert lectures programme

The programme of expert lectures was as follows:

Day 1 14:30-17:30

Natural analogue studies in the geological disposal of radioactive

wastes

Lecturer: Mr. Jean-Marc Montel (ENSG, Université de Lorraine, France) - Amphi 200

Day 2

14:00-15:30 Microbiology in nuclear waste disposal

Lecturer: Mr. Karsten Pedersen (Chalmers University / Microbial Analytics AB, Sweden) - Amphi 200

16:00-17:30 Radioactive waste management and social issues Lecturer: Ms. Jenny Rees (SKB/ Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management, Sweden) - Amphi 200

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Day 3

14:00-15:30

Modelling the coupled physical and chemical processes in engineered barrier systems in relation to safety analysis/assessment Lecturer: Dr. Snehasis Tripathy (Cardiff University, UK) – Amphi 200

16:00-17:30 Radiation Protection and the impact of the new EU BSS on Waste

Management. Lecturer : Dr. Danyl Pérez Sánchez (CIEMAT, Spain) - Amphi 200

Day 4

14:00-15:30 Radioactive waste forms in the context of geological disposal.

Lecturer: Mr. Abdesselam Abdelouas (École des Mines de Nantes, France) - Amphi 200

Day 5

09:00-11:00

Hydro-mechanical and transport processes in radioactive waste disposal. Lecturer: Mr. FCO Javier Elorza (Mining School of Madrid, Spain) - Amphi 200

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Lecture summaries, Lecturer biographies

Title: Natural analogue studies in the geological disposal of radioactive wastes

Summary:

Studying natural analogues is a powerful method for assessing very long-term issues in nuclear

waste management. The geological systems which more or less mimic planned nuclear waste

repository can give us direct information on the behavior and evolution of radioactive materials

buried for a very long time. This approach is especially efficient for designing new waste forms,

and for studying the effect of long-term radioactive decay on solid materials

Jean-Marc Montel

Professor, Université de Lorraine, France

A former student of the ENSG, from which he graduated as an

engineer in 1982, Jean-Marc Montel obtained a DEA from the

National Polytechnic Institute of Lorraine in the same year, and

five years later a doctorate. From 1988, and for eleven years,

he is in charge of research at the CNRS, LMV Clermont-

Ferrand. In 1999, he taught at the Paul-Sabatier University in

Toulouse, until 2008. During this period, he led the Master of

Sciences of the Universe of Paul-Sabatier University from 2003

to 2008 and took the lead of the Laboratory of Mechanisms and

Transfers in Geology, LMTG (2006 Laboratoire géosciences

environnement Toulouse) from 2006 to 2008 after having been

the deputy director for three years. In 2008, he returned to

ENSG as professor of mineralogy, endogenous petrology and

radioactive waste. Since 2008, is the Managing Director of the

Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Géologie (ENSG) in Nancy. His

current research themes are natural radioactive minerals.

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 8/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Title: Microbiology in nuclear waste disposal

Summary: Microbiological systems are alive and thus not in thermodynamic equilibrium because

living organisms preserve their internal order by taking free energy from their surroundings in the

form of organic nutrients, reduced inorganic compounds or sunlight, and they expel an equal

amount of energy as heat and entropy to their surroundings. This means that order is increased in

the microorganisms and decreased in their surroundings, i.e. living systems strive to move away

from thermodynamic equilibria. Consequently, by excluding microbial processes that may

control reactions rates, too optimistic assumptions may be introduced in the safety and

performance assessment of the repositories. This is because uncertainties and technical issues

related to microbial processes that could undermine the repository safety case, such as

microbially induced corrosion, gas formation, radionuclide transformation and migration and

barrier degradation may remain overlooked.

Karsten Pedersen Karsten Pedersen obtained his PhD degree 1982 at

Department of Microbiology, University of Gothenburg,

Sweden with a thesis on microbial biofilms in seawater. His

present affiliation is senior principal scientist at Microbial

Analytics Sweden AB, www.micans.se. Pedersen has 30 years

of experience of research and education regarding

microbiology in radioactive waste disposal. He has presently

published more than 100 papers, reviews and book chapters

in peer-reviewed international scientific press and he has

written many reports for national and international nuclear

waste disposal organizations.

Professor, Chalmers University / Microbial Analytics AB, Sweden

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 9/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Title: Radioactive waste management and social issues.

Summary: The interaction between social and technical aspects of radioactive waste disposal in

the Swedish system was presented. It was shown that while discussion with wider society was the

norm - especially during the feasibility studies and site investigations – ”how to do so?, who to

include and when to do it?, were all open questions. Various aspects of social integration and

local acceptance and how the radioactive waste management were discussed. A number of

critical aspects, such as uncertainty, decision making, time scales and ownership were shown to

play important roles.

Head of Public Relations and Added Values (SKB Oskarshamn , Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management, Sweden)

Jenny Rees

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 10/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Title: Modelling the coupled physical and chemical processes in engineered barrier systems in

relation to safety analysis/assessment

Summary: The lecture is intended to provide insight into numerical modelling of physical and

chemical processes in clay buffers in geological repositories. The lecture focuses on the coupled

thermal, hydraulic, chemical and mechanical behavior of the buffer, and application of numerical

modelling for studying the complex phenomena with regards to the clay behavior under

geological repository conditions.

Snehasis Tripathy

Doctor, Cardiff University, UK

Snehasis Tripathy joined Indian Institute of Science (IISc)

Bangalore to read for a PhD in 1995. He received

prestigious fellowships, such as Senior Research Fellow and

Research Associate from the Council of Scientific and

Industrial Research, India, during 1996-2000. In 2000

Snehasis was awarded a PhD degree in Geotechnical

Engineering from IISc Bangalore for his research work on

cyclic swell-shrink behaviour of compacted expansive soils.

Snehasis joined Nanyang Technological University,

Singapore as a Research Fellow in 2000. He was involved in

developing several new devices for inducing and measuring

suction in soils (viz., a new pressure plate device to establish

drying and wetting soil water characteristic curves,

measurement of soil suction using chilled mirror dew-point

device). In 2002, he joined Bauhaus-University Weimar,

Germany and continued to do teaching and research in the

field of unsaturated soil mechanics until 2006. He joined

Cardiff University in December 2006.

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 11/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Title: Radiation Protection and the impact of the new EU BSS on Waste Management.

Summary: International and regional organizations such as the IAEA, NEA, EC and ICRP

develop standards, guidelines and recommendations under a framework of co-operation to assist

countries in establishing and maintaining national standards. In December 2013, the Council of

the European Union adopted new Basic Safety Standards for radiation protection which Member

States are required to transpose into national law. Given that the waste management in Europe

will need to continue, the questions arises whether the new standards will have implications on

radioactive waste management and disposal in terms of practical radiation protection and

radiological assessment.

Danyl Pérez Sánchez

Doctor, CIEMAT, Spain

Activities in the field of radiological protection extend

to the public and to the environment. Ongoing research

covers radioecology, evaluation of radiological

impacts, environmental radioactivity measurements,

and personal and environmental dosimetric impact

assessments.

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 12/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Title: Radioactive waste forms in the context of geological disposal

Summary: Reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels generates many types of nuclear waste (Very-

low-, low-, intermediate- and high-level waste). Depending on their activity level these waste are

conditioned in specific matrices and are intended to be stored in geological sites. The lectures

will give insights on the waste forms commonly produced in France and their behavior under

geological disposal conditions.

Abdesselam Abdelouas

Professor, École des Mines de Nantes, France

Dr. Abdesselam Abdelouas is a professor at the Ecole des

Mines de Nantes (France) working at SUBATECH

department. He received a PhD in geochemistry from

Louis Pasteur University of Strasbourg (France). His

PhD’s work focused on corrosion of natural and nuclear

glasses in salt solutions. He then joined the University of

New Mexico (USA) as a postdoc and a research scientist

working on nitrate and uranium bioremediation. In 2004

he completed his “Habilitation” in radiochemistry at the

University of Nantes (France). His recent areas of interest

include nuclear materials (glasses, crystalline ceramics,

spent fuel, graphite, steels…) and their performance under

environmental conditions. Also, he is interested on

biogeochemistry of radionuclides including uranium,

technetium, iodine, chlorine and selenium. Prof.

Abdelouas teaches courses in Radioactive Waste

Management & Disposal, nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear waste

forms, environmental behavior of radionuclide. He has

been the head of the French master program in safety and

environment for 6 years and is now the head of

international master program in nuclear engineering,

waste management and medical applications.

[PETRUS-III] Deliverable D3.34 Version n°1 13/14 Dissemination level: PU

Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Title: Hydro-mechanical and transport processes in radioactive waste disposal.

Summary: Understanding the near-field evolution of a deep geological disposal system for HLW

is crucial for assessing its long term performance and, therefore, safety. For that reason ENRESA

devised the FEBEX Project. The project consists of a full-scale “in-situ” heating test, a large-

scale laboratory mock-up and supporting materials tests, and modelling.

Even though the object of the project is to contribute to the search for methods of behaviour and

of safety analyses for a repository. The stated objectives are to demonstrate the procedures of

constructing an engineered barrier system (EBS), especially the fabrication, handling, and

installation of bentonite blocks (buffer) at an almost industrial scale, to improve and validate the

numerical models for thermo-hydro-mechanical behaviour, and to investigate the geochemical

processes that are produced in the buffer including canister corrosion, as well as the generation

and transport of gas. The measured thermal response of the buffer follows the pattern predicted in

the preliminary modelling. The saturation rate of the buffer and associated mechanical processes

are being continuously monitored.

Fco. Javier Elorza Tenreiro

Professor, Mining School of Madrid, UPM, Spain

Francisco Javier Elorza Tenreiro obtained the Mining

Engineering degree from the Universidad Politécnica de

Madrid (UPM) in 1981 and obtained his PhD degree in 1985.

He was appointed Professor in charge of Course in 1982 and

Associated Professor of Applied Mathematics in 1987, both in

the ETSI of Mines of the UPM. Since 2008 he is Full Professor

in the Department of Geological Engineering of the UPM. In

the period 1994-2000 he was seconded National Expert in the

Institute of the Environment of the Joint Research Center of the

European Commission in Ispra (Italy). He has been working in

the application of mathematical methods in Earth Sciences

since 1981: low permeability fracture medium hydrogeology,

reactive groundwater flow and solute transport in porous

medium, mechanics of unsaturated soils and simulation of non-

linear thermo-hydro-mechanical processes in radioactive waste

repositories.

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Date of issue of this report: 30/10/2016

Conclusions

The PETRUS PhD Conference was undertaken, hosted at Université de Lorraine, Mines Nancy,

France from 22nd June 2015 to 26th June 2015. This document provides a brief summary of the

lectures given, with the lectures and recordings available at http://petrus2015.strikingly.com/.