PETERSON Midstream

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    Environmental Health Sciences 1

    w w w. E n v i r o n m e n t a l H e a l t h N e w s . o r gw w w. O u r S t o l e n F u t u r e . o r g

    w w w. P r o t e c t i n g O u r H e a l t h . o r g

    E n v ir o n m e n t a l H e a l t h S ci en c e sJ o h n P e t e r s on My er s , P h .D .

    Midstream in a RevolutionLinking Environment and Health

    Environmental Health Sciences 2

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    Environmental Health Sciences 3

    To d a y s e p i d e m i c s

    H o r m o n e -r e la t e d c a n c e r s

    L e a r n i n g d i s a b i l it i e s , AD H D

    P r e -t e r m b i r t h

    O b e si t y a n d d ia b e t e sA s t h m a

    D e g e n e r a t i ve d i s e a s e s

    I n f e r t i l i t y

    E n d o m e t r i o s i s

    Au t i sm

    Environmental Health Sciences 4

    MIDSTRE AM IN AS C I E N T I F I C R E VO L U T I O N

    T h i s sc i e n t i fi c r e v o lu t i o n i sc a u s in g p r o fo u n d c h a n g es in h o ww e t h in k a b o u t t h e lin k s b et w e e nc on t a m i n a t ion a n d h u m a n h e a lt h .

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    Environmental Health Sciences 5

    H E R E D I T Y

    EN V I RO N M EN TG E N E S

    P H E N O T Y P E :Wh a t w e b e c o m e

    Environmental Health Sciences 6

    H E R E D I T Y

    EN V I RO N M EN TG E N E S

    Outpu t of gene express ion

    P H E N O T Y P E :Wh a t w e b e c o m e

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    Environmental Health Sciences 7

    MIDSTRE AM IN A

    S C I E N T I F I C R E VO L U T I O N

    B y t h e t i m e i t is co m p le t e a n dfu lly i n c o r p o r a t e d i n t o p u b l ich e a l t h a n d m e d i cin e , i t s im p a c t sw i ll b e a s p r o fo u n d a s t h a tw r o u g h t b y P a s t e u r s g er m t h e o r y.

    Environmental Health Sciences 8

    C O NC E P T U AL S H I F T S

    O ld a d i s e a s e t h a t i sli n k e d t o ge n e s is a d i se a s eu n d e r h e r e d i t a r y c on t r o l.

    N e w a d i se a s e li n k e d t og e n e s is o n e v u l n e r a b l e t oe n v ir o n m e n t a l c a u s es .

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    Environmental Health Sciences 9

    C O NC E P T U AL S H I F T S

    O ld t o x i n s w o r k b yo ve r w h e lm i n g t h e b o d y sd e f e n s e s b y b r u t e fo r c e .

    N e w t o x in s w o r k b yh i ja c k i n g c o n t r o l o f g e n ee x p r e s s i o n .

    Environmental Health Sciences 10

    C O NC E P T U AL S H I F T S

    P a r k i n s on s :O n e o f t h e h a l lm a r k s o f P D i s m i d a -b r a i nlo s s of d o p a m i n e r g i c n e u r o n s .

    S t u d i e s o f fa m i li e s h a v e l in k e d s o m ec a s e s t o s p e c ifi c g e n e m u t a t i on s

    N o w r e s e a r c h i s fo cu s i n g o n w h a t m a ya l t e r e x p r e s s io n o f s p e c i fi c ge n e sim p o r t a n t t o k e e p in g m id -b r a i n n e u r o n sa l ive

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    Environmental Health Sciences 11

    C O NC E P T U AL S H I F T S

    N e w im p a c t s a t e v er y d a yleve l s

    le v e ls p e o p l e h a d b e c o m e

    a c c u s t o m e d t o c a lli n gn o r m a l , b a c k g r o u n d le v e ls .

    O ld on ly h igh leve l sm a t t e r

    Environmental Health Sciences 12

    AR SE NIC: h igh vs . low

    At t r u ly lo w

    leve l s i t i n t e r fe r e s w i t hh o r m o n e sig n a ls

    At h igh leve l s i t k i ll s peop le

    At m od e r a t e ly l ow l eve ls i tc a u s e s a r a n g e of d i se a s e s

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    Environmental Health Sciences 13

    C O NC E P T U AL S H I F T S

    N e w c h i ld r e n a n d t h ed e v e lo p in g fe t u s a r e m o st a tr i s k

    O ld fo c u s o n a d u lt s

    Environmental Health Sciences 14

    0.1

    1

    10 0

    1,000,000

    10,000

    VULNE R ABLE ST AGE S

    P P B

    R e c o m m e n d e da p p l i c a t i o n le v e l

    H e r m a p h r o d i t ic fr o g s

    S a fe fo r d r i n k i n g w a t e r

    S a fe s h o r t t e r m

    R a in a n y w h e r e

    R a i n

    H a y e s e t a l . 2002

    ATRAZINE

    S u r fa c e w a t e r

    Run - o f f

    M id w e s t s t r e a m sR i v e r s

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    Environmental Health Sciences 15

    C O NC E P T U AL S H I F T S

    N e w im p a c t s a t e v er y d a yleve l s

    le v e ls p e o p l e h a d b e c o m e

    a c c u s t o m e d t o c a lli n gn o r m a l , b a c k g r o u n d le v e ls .

    O ld on ly h igh leve l sm a t t e r

    Environmental Health Sciences 16

    BACKGROUND LE VE LS

    D e cr e a s e im m u n e fu n c t io n i n t o d d le r s

    I m p a i r c og n i t iv e d e v e lo p m e n t

    B a c k g r o u n d P C B s/d i o xi n in D u t c hm o t h e r s

    Alt e r p l a y b e h a v i o r o f c h i l d r e n

    b o y s e n g a g i n g in l e s s m a s c u li n e b e h a v i o r sa n d g i r ls m o r e f e m i n i n e .

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    Environmental Health Sciences 17

    B is p h e n o l A e x p o s u r e i n

    p e o p le a t r e le v a n t le v e ls isw i d e s p r e a d

    Environmental Health Sciences 18

    An e u p l oi d y in p e o p l e

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    Environmental Health Sciences 23

    F E TAL P R O G R AM MI N G

    fe t a l o r i g in s o f a d u lt d i s e a s e s

    Environmental Health Sciences 24

    C O NC E P T U AL S H I F T S

    O ld t a k e c h e m i ca l s on e a ta t i m e

    N e w e s s e n t i a l t o c on s id e r t h em i xt u r e s in w h i ch t h e y a l w a y s

    o c c u r

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    Environmental Health Sciences 25

    M I XT U R E S AR E T H E R U L E

    210 chem icals sa mpled:

    Balt z: 106Brody: 85Ha rdin: 77Lern er: 101Mar tin: 95Moyers: 84

    Pa tt on: 105Rome: 86Waletzk y: 78

    Environmental Health Sciences 26

    C O N C E P T U A L S H I F T S

    O ld t r a d i t io n a l h e a l t he n d p o in t s ... m u t a g e n i c it y,c a r c i n o g e n i c it y, c e ll d e a t h

    N ew er os ion o f cogn i t i ve ,im m u n o lo gic a l a n d r e p r o d u c t iv ef u n c t i o n .

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    Environmental Health Sciences 27

    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    PCB E-B Virus PCB+EBV

    LowHigh R

    i s k r a

    t i o

    R o t h m a n e t a l . 1997

    NON-HODGKINS LYMPHOMA

    I n t e r a c t io n b e t w e en c o n t a m in a n ta n d v ir u s

    Environmental Health Sciences 28

    H E ALT H Q U E S T I O N SAB O U T B I SP H E N O L A

    A n e u p l o i d y

    P r o s t a t e ca n c er

    I m p a i r e d b r a i n d e v elo p m e n t

    L on g -t e r m m e m o r y fo r m a t i o n

    We i gh t c o n t r o l a n d o b e s i t y

    L ow s p e r m c ou n t

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    Environmental Health Sciences 29

    C O N C E P T U A L S H I F T S

    O ld a s m a l l n u m b e r o f b a da c t o r s

    N e w m a n y ch e m i ca l sim p lic a t e d w e t h o u g h t w e r e

    s a f e .

    Environmental Health Sciences 30

    THE BAD ACTOR S

    Old DDT, P CBs , d iox in , l ea d ,m e r c u r y a n d m a n y m o r e

    N e w m o d e r n -u s e p e s t i c id e sli k e a t r a z in e , p la s t i c s li k eb i s p h e n o l A, a d d i t i v e s t o

    p l a s t i c s li k e p h t h a l a t e s ,b r o m in a t e d fla m e r e t a r d a n t s ,s u r fa c t a n t s l ik e n o n y lp h e n o l.

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    Environmental Health Sciences 31

    BAD NE WS, GOOD NE WS

    B a d n e w s

    Wid e s p r e a d e x p os u r e t oc om p o u n d s t h a t in t e r fe r e w it hg e n e e x p r e s s io n , s om e t i m e s a te x t r e m e l y lo w le v e ls .

    Environmental Health Sciences 32

    BAD NE WS, GOOD NE WS

    G oo d n e w s

    A d i se a s e u n d e r g e n e t i c c on t r o lm a y b e on e c a u s ed b ye n v ir o n m e n t a l e xp o su r e s .We w i ll h a v e t h e o p p o r t u n i t yt o p r e v e n t m a n y d is ea s e s t h a th e r e t o fo r e h a v e n o t b e e np e r c e iv e d a s p r e v en t a b le .

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    Environmental Health Sciences 33

    BAD NE WS, GOOD NE WS

    G oo d n e w s

    A d i se a s e u n d e r g e n e t i c c on t r o lm a y b e on e c a u s ed b ye n v ir o n m e n t a l e xp o su r e s .We h a v e sh o w n w i t h le a d a n d

    P O P s t h a t s o cie t y ca n d e c r e a s ee x p os u r e s on c e it r e a c h e sp o li t ic a l c o n s e n s u s

    Environmental Health Sciences 34

    1974 1980 1986 1992

    4

    8

    12

    16

    B l o o

    d l e a

    d l e v e

    l s ( m g

    / d L )

    0

    1998

    B lo o d l e a d le v e l s in t h e U .S .

    YearSource: CDC. National Report on HumanExposure to Environmental Chemicals, March 2001

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    Environmental Health Sciences 37

    Environmental Health Sciences 38

    We b r e s ou r c e s

    w w w. P r o t e c t i n g O u r H e a l t h . o r g

    w w w. O u r S t o l e n F u t u r e . o r g

    www.EnvironmentalHealthNews.org