Petal

Anther

Angiosperm Perfect FlowerPerfect flowers have both male (staminate) and female (pistillate) reproductive parts

Filament

Sepal

Stamen StigmaStyleOvaryOvule

Pistilor

Carpel

Peduncle

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Male PartsFemale Parts

Terminal Bud

Leaf Scar

Lateral Bud

Bud Scale - three are visible in this drawing

Terminal Bud Scale Scar

One year’s growth

Vascular Bundle Traces

PithLenticel

Angiosperm Woody Stem

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Bud scales are small scale-like modified leaves that cover the bud during its winter dormancy.  When the terminal bud breaks dormancy in the spring, these bud scales are shed, leaving behind the scars where they were attached.

Leaf Arrangement

Alternate Opposite Whorled

Alternate – Leaves and buds are spaced in alternating fashion along the stemOpposite – Leaves and buds are directly across from each other on the stemWhorled – Three or more leaves and buds are present at a single node

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Stipule

Petiole

Bud

Midrib

Stem

Simple Leaf

KEY POINT: A leaf will ALWAYS have a bud at the base of the petiole.

If it does not have a bud, it is leaflet, not a leaf.

Blade

Leaf

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Compound Leaf

Leaflet

Rachis

Bud

Stem Petiolule

No Bud

Leaflet

Because the bud is at the base of the rachis, not at the base of the petiolule, this diagram does not show seven simple leaves, but instead a single compound leaf comprised of seven leaflets

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Types of Compound Leaves

Pinnately Compound Palmately Compound

Bud Bud

In a palmately compound leaf, each leaflet is attached to a common point on the rachis, but leaflets in a pinnately compound leaf are not.

To Practice Quiz

Practice QuizName a flower part then click on the letter to see if you are correct

A

BC

D

E

FGH

I

Show Male (Staminate) Parts Show Female (Pistillate) Parts

To Practice Quiz on Twig Parts

Petal

Next Flower Part

All the petals are collectively referred to as the corolla

Anther

Next Flower Part

Anthers produce pollen required for pollination

Filament

Next Flower Part

Sepal

Next Flower Part

Sepals are collectively called the calyx

Stigma

Next Flower Part

When pollination occurs, pollen attaches to the stigma

Style

Next Flower Part

A tube from the pollen extends through the style to each ovule to deliver the male gamete to the ovule

Ovary

Next Flower Part

Ovule

Ovules develop into seeds when fertilized by pollen

Next Flower Part

Peduncle

Next Flower Part

Anther

Male (Staminate) Flower Parts

FilamentStamen

Next Flower Part

StigmaStyleOvaryOvule

Pistilor

Carpel

Female (Pistillate) Flower PartsFlowers can have multiple pistils (also called carpels) that can be

separate or fused together

Next Flower Part

A

F

B

E

C

I

G

H

D

Twig Practice QuizName a flower part then click on the letter to see if you are correct

To Leaf Practice Quiz

Terminal Bud

Next Stem Part

Lateral Bud

Next Stem Part

Terminal Bud Scale Scar from last year’s terminal bud

Next year’s terminal bud scale scar will appear here when the scale falls off

One year’s growth

Next Stem Part

Lenticel

Lenticels are thought to allow air into the plant interior

Next Stem Part

Bud Scale(One of three visible)

Bud Scale(One of five visible)

Next Stem Part

Leaf Scar

Leaf Scar

A leaf scar shows where the previous year’s leaf was attached to the stem

Next Stem Part

Vascular Bundle Traces

The vascular bundle traces show where the zylem entered the leaf petiole

Next Stem Part

Pith

The Pith is the central core of the stem

Next Stem Part

Leaf Practice Quiz

How many leaves are in this diagram? Answer

Leaf Practice Quiz

There is only one leaf pictured here. If this diagram pictured seven simple leaves, there would be a bud at the base of every leaf. Since there is only one bud this must be a single compound leaf

Bud

Next Question

Leaf Practice Quiz

What are the names of A, B and C? Answer

A

B

C

Leaf Practice Quiz

To answer this correctly you must first identify which is a simple leaf and which is a compound leaf by looking for the leaf bud.

In a simple leaf, the blade is attached to the petiole. In a compound leaf, the leaflet is attached to the petiolule. The petiolule is attached to the rachis.

A. Petiole

B. Rachis

C. Petiolule

Next Question

Leaf Practice Quiz

Which is a palmately compound leaf and which is a pinnately compound leaf?

Answer

A B

Leaf Practice Quiz

A – Pinnately Compound

A B

B – Palmately Compound

Next Question

Leaf Practice Quiz

Which leaf arrangement is opposite, alternate, and whorled?

Answer

A B C

Leaf Practice Test

C - AlternateA - Opposite B - Whorled

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