Pesticide use in Tomato IPM•Natural enemies are an extremely important component of integrated pest management of tomato insects and mites.

•Insecticides are useful component of IPM programs because of their convenience, simplicity, effectiveness, flexibility and economy.

•Using selective insecticides to kill the target pest without killing natural enemies helps maximize as well as integrate chemical and biological controls.

•Nonselective insecticides, can be made more selective by careful application rates, timings and coverage to minimize killing natural enemies.

•Products that have a short residual effect on natural enemies are favored for IPM programs. Consider both the short-term and long-term effects of an application when selecting an insecticide treatment.

Nursery preparation•Before sowing, the nursery beds should be drenched with 0.2% Dithane M-45 or treated with Difolaton or captan

•Treat nursery belt with carbofuran 3G 100g/sq m for nematode management

Seed Treatment

•Treating the seeds with Thiram @ 3g per kg of seeds will prevent the seed born fungal diseases

•During summer and rainy season, there is a very heavy incidence of damping off. To protect seeds and seedlings, the beds should be treated with 10% formaldehyde.

Seedling treatment

•Before transplanting, seedlings should be treated with insecticides 0.1% nuvacron and Dithane M-45 0.2%

•Hardening is done by adding 4000ppm sodium chloride or spraying 2000ppm ccc is effective for hardening of seedlings

•Application of bleaching powder @15kg/ha before planting against bacterial wilt infection in endemic areas

•Spray 40-100ppm streptocycline sulphate on unripe fruits of tomato to control bacterial spot or dipping the seedlings 100 ppm streptocycline sulphate before transplanting.

•Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @25g ai/ha or thiamethoxam 25 WG@ 25g ai/ha or acetamiprid 20 SP@ 20g ai/ha can be used for managing sucking insect pests such as aphids, jassids, leaf hopper and whitefly.

•Spraying of Chlorfenapyr 10 SC@100 g ai/ha or Fipronil 5 SC@50 g ai/ha for thrips management

•Friut borers such as Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura can be managed by applying Emamectin benzoate 5 SG@11 g a.i/ha or Spinosad 45 SC@75g a.i/ha or Flubendiamide 480SC@48-60gai/ha

•Propargite 570EC @500gai/ha will be helpful in the management of mite population in tomato

•Soil drenching of Fytolan @ 4g/l for managing bacterial wilt disease is advocated.

•Dithane M- 45 2g/l is recommended for to manage fruit rot of tomato

•Application of pendimethylin @1kg ai/ha+1hand weeding 45days after transplanting, or Sensor @205kgai/ha or gol@0.25kgai/ha applied after transplanting are effective to control weeds.

Insecticides and their recommended dosage for different insect pest of tomato

Sucking pest complex

PEST CHEMICAL NAME COMMERCIAL NAME

DOSE ha-1

A.I. FORMULATION

Aphids

Leafhopper

Whitefly

Imidacloprid 17.8 SL Confidar 200 SL 25g 100ml

Thiamethoxam 25 WG Actara 25 WG 25g 100g

Aphids Acetamiprid 20 SP Pride 20 SP

Activa 20 SP

10g 50g

Whitefly 20g 100g

Thrips Chlorfenapyr 10 SC Intrepid 10 SC 100 1000ml

Fipronil 5 SC Regent 5 SC 50 500ml

Tomato fruit borers

Fruit borers Emamectin benzoate 5 SG

Proclaim 5 SG 11g 220g

Helicoverpa armigera Spinosad 45 SC Tracer 45 SC

Spintor 45 SC

75g 167ml

Spodoptera litura Flubendiamide 480SC Fame 480 SC 48-60g 100-125ml

Flubendiamide 20 WDG Takumi 20 WDG 240-300g

Chlorantraniliprole 20 SC

Coragen 20 SC 30-40g 150-200ml

Yellow mite & red spider mites

Chemical Name Commercial Name

Dose ha-1

A.I. Formulation

Buprofezin 25 SC

Applaud 25 SC 150g 600ml

Fenazaquin 10 EC

Magister 10 EC 100-125g

1000-1250ml

Fenpyroximate 5 SC

Sedna 5 SC

Mitigate 5 SC 30g 600ml

Spiromesifen 240SC

Oberon 240 SC 120g 500ml

Propargite 570EC

Omite 570 EC 570g 1000ml

•Natural enemies are an extremely important component of integrated pest management of tomato insects and mites.

•Insecticides are useful component of IPM programs because of their convenience, simplicity, effectiveness, flexibility and economy.

•Using selective insecticides to kill the target pest without killing natural enemies helps maximize as well as integrate chemical and biological controls.

•Nonselective insecticides, can be made more selective by careful application rates, timings and coverage to minimize killing natural enemies.

•Products that have a short residual effect on natural enemies are favored for IPM programs. Consider both the short-term and long-term effects of an application when selecting an insecticide treatment.

•Before sowing, the nursery beds should be drenched with 0.2% Dithane M-45 or treated with Difolaton or captan

•Treat nursery belt with carbofuran 3G 100g/sq m for nematode management

•Treating the seeds with Thiram @ 3g per kg of seeds will prevent the seed born fungal diseases

Summary

•Application of bleaching powder @15kg/ha before planting against bacterial wilt infection in endemic areas

•Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @25g ai/ha or thiamethoxam 25 WG@ 25g ai/ha or acetamiprid 20 SP@ 20g ai/ha can be used for managing sucking insect pests such as aphids, jassids, leaf hopper and whitefly.

•Spraying of Chlorfenapyr 10 SC@100 g ai/ha or Fipronil 5 SC@50 g ai/ha for thrips management

•Friut borers such as Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura can be managed by applying Emamectin benzoate 5 SG@11 g a.i/ha or Spinosad 45 SC@75g a.i/ha or Flubendiamide 480SC@48-60gai/ha

•Propargite 570EC @500gai/ha will be helpful in the management of mite population in tomato

•Application of pendimethylin @1kg ai/ha+1hand weeding 45days after transplanting, or Sensor @205kgai/ha or gol@0.25kgai/ha applied after transplanting are effective to control weeds