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Peru Nation Report Part 1 of 2.By Randi Pongo
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PeruPart 1
By Randi Pongo
Geography
• Peru is located in western South America and stretches for about 1,500 miles along the Pacific Ocean.
• Peru has a combination of tropical areas, mountain ranges and arid lands.
• The Andes shelter the largest variety of climates in the country. Semi-arid in the valleys and moist in higher elevations.
Geografía
• The central and southern coast of Peru consists of mainly subtropical desert climate composed of sandy or rocky shores.
• The Andes are the world’s longest continental mountain range.
• The eastern portions of Peru includes the Amazon Basin which represents 60% of Peru’s national territory.
People
• Peru is a multiethnic country
• Amerindians constitute about 45% of the population, mostly found in the extreme southern Andes.
• Amerindians - indigenous peoples of the Americas that are pre-Columbian inhabitants.
• Mestizos (about 37%) traditionally denotes European ancestry.
Gente
• European descendants (about 15%). They are the descendants of the Spanish colonizers and other Europeans.
• There is also a large presence of Asian Peruvians, primarily Chinese and Japanese. They constitute for about 3% of the population.
• Afro-Peruvians, a legacy of Peru’s history as an importer of slaves during the colonial period.
Culture
• Popular celebrations are the product of every town’s traditions and legends. An example, is the Marinera which is one of the main dances found in Peru.
• The Marinera is called the “National Dance of Peru”.
• Historians believe that the dance goes as far back as to the Inca Empire.
Cultura
• Some typical Peruvian dishes are ceviche, cuy and lomo saltado.
• Peruvian cuisine combines many different cultures including American, European and Chinese.
• Peruvians eat cuy or guinea pig. They also celebrate the guinea pig by having a festival every year.
History• In pre-Columbian America,
the Incas created a vast dynasty they stretched from northern Ecuador to the northern half of Chile and Argentina.
• The empire’s administrative, political, and military center was located in Cuzco.
• Quechua was the official language.
• Machu Picchu - “Lost City of the Incas” is a well preserved Inca ruin.
Historia• Francisco Pizarro landed in
Peru in 1532 and was able to take over the Inca city of Cuzco as a new Spanish colony.
• On January 18, 1535, Pizarro founded the city of Lima and considered this one of his greatest accomplishments in life.
• Spain later instituted an ecomienda system in which colonists were granted land together with its Indian inhabitants.