Click here to load reader
Upload
lamhanh
View
212
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
Perspectives on ICT and Innovation in Africa
Hannes ToivanenVTT Organizations, Networks and Innovation Systems
[email protected] October 2009
http://www.vtt.fi/innovationstudies
2Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
ICT and Innovation in Africa – Global Perspectives
The end of cost-cutting globalization;The next phase of globalization is characterized:
Search for growth markets;Creation of knowledge and innovationnetworks;
STI is poised for growth in Africa – Will thisgrowth take off?
Will Africa make it out of the shadow ofChina and India?Is Africa truly at the beginning of new growthpath?
What particular conditions Africa imposes onknowledge driven growth?What is at stake for Europe and Finland?Are we heading towards zero-sum or win-winglobalization?
2
3Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
Africa – poised for growth
Most authorities forecast that population inSub-Saharan Africa is going to add about 1bnpeople by 2050;There will be growth, but what type of growth?Enormous development challenges;Are policies in place that facilitateenvironmentally and socially sustainablegrowth?;Government is key actor on all aspects ofdevelopment cf. China;The Demand: Without Science, Technologyand Innovations and ICT, the forecast growthcannot be managed adequetly;
Demand and needs at multiple fronts
Source: The Economist 27 Aug 2009
4Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
Global Production of New Knowledge doubled in 1981-2007(new articles)
Source for this and subsequent slides: Web of Science-data
3
5Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
From Bi-Polar to Multipolar World of Science:Share of Global Production New Knowledge 1981-2007
6Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
Turning Tables: India & BrazilShare of Global Production New Knowledge 1981-2007
4
7Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
The Comparative Stagnation of Sub-Saharan Africa:National Production of New Knowledge 1981-2007 (BRA, FI and selected Sub-
Saharan Countries
8Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
But the Devil (and Growth) is in the Details:Production of New Knowledge in Sub-Sahara 2000-2008
5
9Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
Doubling and more since 2000 – only Zimbabwe is on declinesProduction of New Knowledge in Sub-Sahara 2000-2008
10Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
6
11Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
12Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
The Internet in Africa
Internet connection in Africamost expensive in the world
With new internationalsubmarine cables andconnectivity, rices set to fallrapidly:
Escaping the satellite basedinternet with undersea cables
Augmented with regional andnational backbones andnetworks
7
13Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
Social media
Blank page today
Not even measured ina meaningful way
To be play huge rolein internet, once theinfrastructure andaccessibility problemsare addressed
14Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
Some observations and claims
No off-the shelf solutions for innovation in Africa•Combination of poverty and high market growth envelops unknown innovation and
business dynamics;•Transfer of national or business models is of limited viability;•Emergence of Regional African Models of Innovation and Information Society
Demand and supply of innovation are prolifirating•Political framework conditions for sustained growth look good in many parts of Africa;•The infrastructure is being built• International community, including private actors, have signalled investment-fever;•Demand is levelling off due to population and economic growth;
The X-factors•How the innovation process unfolds in Africa;•Relationship between development (MDG) and innovation and ICT;•What will be the division of labour in global innovation networks?
8
15Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
VTT Innovation Studies Agenda: Advance the capacity ofsocieties to adopt new technology and foster innovation
Dev. cooperation• Support in building ICT / STI
systems and environments• Support to public and
private actors and PPI-iniatives
• Policy advice, developmentand implementation:Foresight, analysis, strategydevelopment, evaluation,project management andimplementation
Strategic research• Frontier research on
globalization of innovation,emerging models ofinnovation (Africa, Brazil)
• Building knowledge base forapplied services
• Academic research: analysis,evaluation, concept & theorydevelopment on innovationand competitiveness;
Business intelligence• Development & services• Customers specified support
for innovation andbusiness development:Regional, country, industry,market, innovation levelanalysis;Foresight, analysis, strategydevelopment, user studies,networking services etc.
• Finnish Consulting Group, Finland• Global Research Alliance, SA (CSIR India, CSIR SA, SIRIM BERHARD (Malaysia) etc)• JIIP – Joint Institute of Innovation Policy (TNO (NL), Tecnalia (ES), Joanneum Research ( AT)• Univ. of São Paulo – Observatory for Innovati0n and Competitiveness (• Georgia Institute of Technology (USA)• Univ. Eduardo Mondlane (Moçambique)• Univ. Dar es Salaam, Tumaini Univ. (Tanzania)Fi
nnis
h&
Glo
bal
netw
orks
16Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
VTT Organizations, Networks and Innovation Systems ProjectOrganization
RECENT VTT ACTIVITIES• Scoping paper: Tanzanian / Sub-Saharan ICT and Information Society Strategies. 2009• Consultancy services for Technical Assistance to the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and its´
African member states on ICT development in Africa, 2009• With Finnish Consulting Group
• Consultancy services for Technical Assistance to the African Union ICT Summit, 2009-2010
Innovation studies• Over 20 specialists• Research, analysis, and
program management on allaspects of innovation andorganization
• Policy & corporate strategyand development
• Innovation & DevelopmentHub at VTT
• Create and mobilize VTTTechnical expert networks
VTT Technological fields• Scientific and technological expertise (over 2500 experts on
most technology areas)• Dedicated expert networks, e.g. ICT, built infrastructure, etc.• Planning, demonstration and feasability• Customized support teams in support of projects in Africa
External networks• Geographic coverage with leading regional experts and
institutions (currently USA, Sub-Saharan Africa, Brazil);• Expertise covering market operations / market nexus;• Technology vendors / suppliers for large-scale projects;• Customized support teams in support of VTT projects;• Acquicisition of special skills and services
9
17Hannes Toivanen - 12.10.2009
THANK YOU!
Contact: Email. [email protected]. 358 40 186 3882
http://www.vtt.fi/innovationstudies