Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing By Dr. Nahed Said Al- nagger

Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

By Dr. Nahed Said Al- nagger


Objectives:

• Define the perspectives of pediatric Nursing.

• Identify the importance of mortality and morbidity information among pediatric age group.

• Define the infant mortality rate.(Continue)


•Determine the types of infant mortality rate.•List factors affect the infant mortality rate.•State the common leading causes of infant mortality in developed versus developing countries.• Define the childhood morbidity rate.

(Continue)


•Differentiate between different causes of morbidity among children.•Define the pediatric nursing.•Mention the family-centered care approach.•List the roles of pediatric nursing.


DefinitionInformation about health gained by information about morbidity and mortality over specific period:

Morbidity: means illness.Mortality: means death.

Importance of Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

Morbidity and Mortality data provide information about: The causes of death and illness. High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards. Advances in treatment and prevention. Specific areas of health counseling.

Infant Mortality

Infant mortality rate:The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first year of life per 1000 live births.

Infant mortality• Neonatal mortality (<28 days of life).• Post neonatal mortality (28 days to 11 months)

Factors affect the infant mortality rate:

- Birth weight.

- male gender.

- Short or long gestation.

- Maternal age.

- Low level of maternal education.

leading causes of infant mortality in developed countries

- All races all causes.- Congenital anomalies.- Disorders related to short gestation.- Sudden infant death syndrome.-Maternal complications during pregnancy.- Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).

leading causes of infant mortality in developed countries

- Accidents (are the most leading causes).- Bacterial sepsis of newborn. -Diseases of circulatory disorders.-Intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia.

leading causes of infant mortality in developing countries

•Acute lower respiratory infections.

•Diarrheal diseases.

•Malnutrition diseases.

•Congenital heart diseases.

•Accidents.

Infant Morbidity

Infant morbidity (rate of illness/1000 population) including:

•Acute illness. •Chronic disease.•Disability. (Continue)

Infant Morbidity

•Acute illness Respiratory illness accounts for about 50% of all acute conditions. Injuries 15% . The leading cause of death in children over age 1 year, cause more deaths and disabilities in children. As children grow older, the percentage of deaths from injuries increases. •Infections and parasitic disease 11%.

(Continue)

Infant Morbidity

Pediatric Social Illness (morbidity) Many of these are psychosocial problems such as:• poverty.• violence.• aggression.• non compliance to school failure adjustment to divorce. (Continue)

Infant Morbidity

High risk group children:•lowest socioeconomic strata.•Age 7 – 14 years.•Male gender.•One-parent families.•Chronic physical disorder. •Reading skills below grade level.•Higher rates of school absenteeism.


Philosophy of care:Nursing of infants and children is consistent with the revised definition of nursing by ANA 2003.•Family centered care.•A traumatic care.•Case management.


Definition of Pediatric Nursing Nursing is the prevention of illness, the alleviation of suffering, and the protection, promotion, and restoration of health in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and population.

Family-Centered Care

The Family-Centered Care approach is:The philosophy of family-centered care recognizes the family as the one constant in a child’s life, through Three key component (Respect, Collaboration & Support).

The role of pediatric nurse

•Therapeutic relationship.•Family advocacy/caring.•Disease prevention and health promotion.•Health teaching.•Support/Counseling.


•Restorative role.•Coordination/Collaboration. •Research: to apply research findings to their practice.•Health care planning on political or legislative level. •Ethical decision making.


Ethical decision making: Autonomy…….. The patient’s right to be self- governing.Nonmaleficence….. The obligation to minimize or prevent harm. Beneficence……. The obligation to promote the patient’s well being. Justice……..The concept of fairness.


Future trends: (ambulatory care, prevention and health teaching, home care, technologic advances e.g. computer knowledge, and changing demographics).

The Rights of the child

United Nations’ Declaration of the Rights of the child

The Rights of the child All children need:

•To be free from discrimination.

•To develop physically and mentally in freedom and dignity.

•To have a name and nationality.

• To have adequate nutrition, housing, recreation, and medical services.

• To receive special treatment if handicapped

The Rights of the child

•To receive love, understanding, and material security,• To receive an education, and develop his or her abilities.• To be the first to receive protection in disaster• To be protected from neglect, cruelty, and exploitation (misuse).• To be brought up (positive) in a spirit of friendship among people.

Thank You

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Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing By Dr. Nahed Said Al- nagger