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Perspective
and Renaissance art
Definition:
• Perspective is the
way our eyes
perceive depth in
the world around
us.
Perspective drawing was invented during the Renaissance period.
Before that, artists weren’t very accurate in their renderings of the
world.
Italian artists like Raphael and Leonardo Da Vinci wanted to show the
world as they really saw it. So they, along with other important artists,
invented perspective drawing. These paintings illustrate 1-point
perspective:
Renaissance: 1500’s
Leonardo’s Last Supper
Raphael’s School of Athens
How it works:• Edges of objects that are parallel to each other seem to
converge at a central point. These lines are called Orthogonals
or Receding Lines.
• Orthogonals: Parallel edges of objects that seem
to converge at a central point.
• This central point is known as the vanishing point, and it appears at eye-level to the viewer.
• Vanishing Point: central point at which orthogonalsseem to converge.
• The vanishing point is located on a horizontal line, also at eye-
level. This is called the horizon line.
• Horizon Line: Imaginary line where vanishing
point can be found.
Other Examples
Leonardo’s “Adoration of the Magi”
Step-by-step 1-point perspective
• Draw a horizon
line. It should
cross the center of
your paper.
• Draw the vanishing
point about in the
middle of that line.
• Draw a square to
the left and down
from the vanishing
point.
• Starting from each
corner of the
square, draw a line
to the vanishing
point.
• Draw the “back”
of the box:
make sure these
lines are exactly
parallel to the
ones in the
original square.
• Now, erase all
the lines that you
wouldn’t be able
to see if the box
were real.
(Imagine it as a
cardboard box,
not a fish tank)
• Add three more
boxes to the scene.
• One should be
completely above the
horizon line.
• One should be
crossing the horizon
line.
• One should be
directly below or
above the vanishing
point.